高考英语专题十三特殊句式

特殊句式包含：◆there be 句型◆倒装句◆强调句◆省略句◆插入语一、there be 句型there be结构主要用来表达“某处/某时人/某物”。

there是引导词,be是谓语动词，be后面的名词/代词是主语，句子的结尾常是地点/时间状语There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby.一个老人安静地坐在附近的长凳上。

There has been a lot of snow this winter.今年冬天下了很多雪。

1.there be结构中的be是谓语动词，应采取“就近原则”，即be应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。

There is some juice and some cakes on the table桌上有一些果汁和蛋糕。

There are some bookcases in the library.图书馆有一些书架。

There is a shop at the corner, where we can buy fruits.在拐角处有家商店，我们可以在那里买水果。

2.there be结构有不同时态的形式，而且可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。

There is still room for improvement.还有改进空间。

There will be a perfectly logical explanation for all those death.对于所有那些死亡的人都将会有一个完全合乎逻辑的解释。

There were lots of complaints about the boy, none about the smoke.对那个男孩有许多抱怨，但是没有关于吸烟的。

There has been little business between the two companies.两家公司基本没有业务往来。

There would be endless rows if I was at home如果我在家将有吵不完的架。

Without heavy industry, there can be no economic advance.没有重工业，就没有经济的发展。

There ought to be traffic lights at this crossroad这个十字路口应该设有交通灯。

There might be drinks if you wait for a bit.如果你再等一会儿可能会有饮料。

3.there be结构中的谓语动词be有时可用seem to be; happen to be; be likely to be;或remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur等替换。

There is likely to be something wrong with his computer.他的电脑可能出了一些问题。

Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple从前，那座庙里住着一个老和尚。

There existed different opinions on this problem.对这个问题曾存在不同的看法。

There remains a chance that Fred might still turn up alive.弗雷德有继续存活的可能性。

There will follow an interval of five minutes.接下来有5分钟休息时间。

4.there be结构的陈述句变成附加疑问句时，其附加问句的主语应用there，而不可用其他词替代。

There are too many cars on the road, aren't there?路上有太多的汽车,不是吗? There has been a lot of rain this month, hasn't there?这个月雨水很多,不是吗? There seems to be something wrong machine, doesn't there?看来机器好像坏了,是吗?There used to be a tailor's shop near here, didn’t there/ usedn’t there?过去这儿附近有家裁缝店,不是吗?5.there be + n. doing(与n.形成主动关系)done(与n.形成被动关系)to do(未发生，表将......)There must be something blocking the pipe.肯定有些东西堵住了管子。

There's only four days left. 只剩下四天了。

There is still a lot of work for me to do.还有好多作需要我去做。

6.there be结构的非谓语形式。

There be结构的非谓语形式有两种基本结构there to be和there being. there to be 结构可用作(如expect, prefer, want, like, hate, mean, intend consider等)的宾语,也可用作介词for的宾语。

being结构可用作除for以外的介词宾语或状语。

I expect there to be no argument about this.我期望关于这件事不要争了。

It is natural for there to be a generation gap between the parents and their children.父母与孩子之间有代沟是正常的。

I have never dreamed of there being a chance to go abroad.我从未想过会有机会出国。

There being ice on the road, I told the driver to slowdown.路上有冰，我让司机开慢点。

There having been no rain for a long time, theground was burnt by the sun.由于好长时间没下雨了,地面都被太阳烤焦了。

注：there be和have①there be与have都可表示“有”的含义，但在意义上have表示所有关系,there be则表示“存在”，侧重点不同;并且have前必须有主语。

There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。

She has three daughters and two sons.她有三个女儿和两个儿子。

②当have表示事物的特征时，可用“主语+have"结构替换“there be"结构。

There are thirty-six classes in our school. = Our school has thirty-six classes.我们学校有36个班级。

7.请记住下面的固定句型:(1)There is no point/ sense (in) doing sh.做某事毫无意义There is no point( in) arguing further.继续争辩下去没有意义了。

(2)There is no doubt that..毫无疑问....There is no doubt that the new technology is changing the way we work.毫无疑问新技术正在改变我们的工作方式。

There is no doubt that the farmers' living standards will be improved to the fullest.农民生活水平毫无疑问将得到充分提高。

( 3) There is no possibility/ chance that........是不可能的”There is no chance that he will change his mind.让他改变主意是不可能的。

(4)There is no need for sb. to do sth.“某人没有必要做某事”There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起(5)There is no denying (the fact) that“不可否认”There is no denying (the fact) that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认，我们的生活质量每况愈下。

二、倒装句倒装语序，分全部倒装和部分倒装。

全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前，部分倒装是把助动词、情态动词、be动词放在主语之前。

一）全部倒装1.out，in，up, down，away, off, back, there, here, now, then之类的副词作状语放在句首，谓语动词一般是come, go, rush, run, jump等时，句子要完全倒装。

句式为：副词＋vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。

Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。

In came the rose fragrance through the windows.玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。

比较：如果主语是人称代词时，不倒装。

The child walked quietly to the bird, away it flew into the forest when he was about to catch it.Up she comes.她走过来了2.表示地点的介词词组位于句首，谓语动词是be, stand, it, lie等时,用完全倒装结构。

Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.一幅油画挂在两个窗户间。

At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing.重庆位于长江和嘉陵江交汇处。

On the ground lay a sick goat.地上躺着一只生病的山羊。