统考版2023高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练一细节理解题__直接信息类

分类综合训练：阅读理解+完形填空+语法填空+书面表达一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex，England. The castle has a history of nearly 1，000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.The GardensThe White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses and Snow-White Lilies.The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal vegetables and fruits—pears，cherries and apples.The Castle ShopIn the Castle Shop，you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods，china，books，and stationery （文具）are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only. At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.The Arundel FestivalSunday 22nd August to Thursday 2nd SeptemberThe annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing，diverse （多種多样的）and easily-accessible arts festivals in the UK，offering a mix of visual arts，music，theatre and street entertainment.ParkingCoaches and minibuses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.1. What can you do when visiting Arundel Castle？A. Get free seasonal fruits and vegetables.B. Buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop.C. Get old-fashioned English roses as gifts.D. See how the local gifts are being made.2. How long does the Arundel Festival last？A. 12 days.B. 14 days.C. 20 days.D. One month.3. Where can you park the coach？A. In Mill Road.B. Inside the Castle.C. In the main town car park.D. At the main Castle entrance.In our daily lives，we probably make silly mistakes. While these moments can be worrying，they can also be dealt with humor. When we share a laugh at our mistakes，we can calm ourselves down with a little bit understanding and acceptance.When one morning in a rush to school，I spilled （潑洒）my cup of orange juice. I immediately thought of the valuable minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor.I raced back and forth to the sink （洗碗槽）with a kitchen cloth soaked （浸透）with juice to wash off. My legs were shaking as I watched from my window the school bus coming to my street. Within a minute，I had thrown the orange-juice-soaked cloth to the sink and ran outside to join the group of kids in entering the bus. When thinking about my morning rush to clean up the spilled juice on the bus，I realized how much unnecessary stress and worry I put myself through. I ended up smiling to myself about my not-so-serious nervousness over spilled juice.These days I don’t usually spill orange juice，but I do sometimes spill a bit of spaghetti sauce on my pant or put on my sweater backwards when I’m really tired and in a hurry for school. In each of my mistakes，I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously. It takes me a minute to calm down，take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness. It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments.Humor，however，doesn’t always have to occur from silly mistakes. Kids may have a good laugh at comic books，classic jokes and stories told by friends and parents. What matters more is not where you find the humor in life，but that you can appreciate it.4. When we make mistakes in our daily lives，we ___ .A. might treat them humorouslyB. may try to enjoy ourselvesC. must know the value of themD. had better forget them in time5. What did the author do before going to school in Paragraph 2？A. He prepared breakfast busily.B. He had some clothes washed.C. He made a cup of orange juice.D. He did some cleaning at home.6. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 3？A. He makes many mistakes now and then.B. He tries to keep himself calm with humor.C. He has been used to being busy every day.D. He always makes other people around happy.7. What does the author intend to tell us？A. Reading is a good habit for us.B. We should try to find where humor lies.C. We can be happy by enjoying humor.D. It is natural for us to make mistakes.With only about 1，000 pandas left in the world，China is badly trying to clone （克隆）the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a TexasA&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs，embryos，semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. “If certain species should become extinct，” Dr Duane Kraemer says，“there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.”It is estimated that as many as 2，000 species of mammals，birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda，native only to China，is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week，Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire process could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer （核移植）of one species to another is not easy，and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem，” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy （懷孕）. It takes a long time and it’s difficult，but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk，so it is worth the effort，” adds Kraemer，who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A&M，the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something that’s never been done，and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s research that is very much needed.”8. What is the aim of “Noah’s Ark” project？A. To save endangered animals from dying out.B. To collect DNA of endangered animals to study.C. To transfer the nuclear of one animal to another.D. To make efforts to clone the endangered pandas.9. Kraemer thinks the major problem of panda cloning would be lacking ___ .A. host animalsB. enough moneyC. qualified researchersD. available panda eggs10. What can we know about Dr Duane Kraemer？A. He thinks the research is needed badly.B. He tries to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit.C. He and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog.D. He will work with Chinese scientists in cloning research.11. What can be the best title for the text？A. China’s Success in Panda CloningB. The First Cloned Panda in the WorldC. Exploring the Possibility to Clone PandasD. China—the Native Place of Pandas ForeverThousands of tiny，bright-red crabs （螃蟹）almost covered the beaches of Southern California completely last week. They appeared on beaches in Newport Beach，Laguna Beach，Huntington Beach，and other seaside communities at low tide，surprising surfers and swimmers in the area. “I was so startled to see them，” Laguna Beach resident （居民）Lauren Cavalier told The Los Angeles Times. “I had no idea that this kind of thing happened.”These bright-red crabs from the ocean are also called tuna crabs. Each one is about 1 to 3 inches long. Although they look like tiny crawfish or lobsters，they aren’t good for eating since they don’t have a lot of meat. Also their meat is poisonous，causing those who eat the meat to become sick. So residents don’t catch them for meat. These crabs are active during the day but prefer to stay in the shade and can die in the heat of direct sunlight.Marine experts （海洋生物學家）say the crab population increase is likely a result of the El Nino weather pattern. This natural climate pattern occurs when the water in the Pacific Ocean near the equator gets hotter than usual. The warmer waters linked to El Nino pushed large quantities of the crabs up north from Mexico，the marine experts said.This isn’t the first time that El Nino has affected the location of creatures living in the Pacific Ocean. The black skimmer is a subtropical seabird that has been spotted off the coast of San Diego，much further north than it usually lives. Marin needlefish，sea hares，and Dana Point whales have also appeared in areas further north than their typical habitats.The red tuna crabs have been washed up along the coastline of Southern California for the past several years. Before that，they hadn’t been seen in the area for decades.12. What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？A. Worried.B. Thrilled.C. Shocked.D. Confused.13. What probably pushed the red crabs up north according to the marine experts？A. Warmer waters.B. Air pollution.C. Heavy Rains.D. Habitat loss.14. What do we know about the red crabs from the text？A. They live in the Pacific Ocean.B. They are fond of enjoying sunshine.C. They are delicious to eat.D. They are a kind of crawfish.15. What does the text mainly talk about？A. El Nino is changing the location of many creatures.B. Red crabs are suffering from extinction because of heat.C. Residents of Southern California are threatened by red crabs.D. Countless tuna crabs appeared on the beaches of Southern California.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练篇目文体类型话题A 应用文艺术节活动B 新闻报道工匠精神C 记叙文环境保护D 说明文Chat GPTAIn Singapore, it seems like art is at every turn. Look closely and you’ll discover masterpieces in front of an office building, a walkway, and even on a rooftop garden, where everyone can appreciate them up close. In order to further promote art, festivals are held throughout the year. Here are some of the biggest art draws to come.ARTWALKWhen: JanuaryAn annual public art festival, Artwalk takes place in the culturally rich neighborhoods of Little India and Katong-Joo Chiat. Visitors can learn about the food, stories and history of two of Singapore’s most distinct communities on guided walking tours. They can even experience art and culture up close with hands—on workshops with local artists, storytellers and cultural experts.ART SGWhen: MarchDuring the biggest art fair in Southeast Asia, more than 150 of the world’s best galleries will showcase their collection of more than 1,000 artists. The film section will feature panel discussions, experimental films, and new film—making practices. Some galleries will also present digital technology artworks like AR, VR, and NFTs.SINGAPORE BIENNALEWhen: JulyThe Singapore Biennale is a dynamic event that encourages folks to see art in a new light through interactive installations and exhibitions. The highlights include art tours, air performances, a film installation and various exhibitions.SINGAPORE NIGHTWhen: AugustDuring this party-like night festival, the Bras Basah-Bugis business street lights up for this multi-dimensional art festival with diverse light installations(装置). Building walls provide larger-than-life canvases(画布)for shows; underground tunnels are brilliant with lights. Art and creativity blossom through a passion for experiments.1．What can visitors do in ARTWALKA．Try out global cuisines. B．Join in interactive activities. C．Organize walking tours. D．Visit museums and galleries.2．What can we learn about ART SGA．It is the biggest Asian festival. B．It features air performances. C．It covers a variety of art forms. D．It showcases high technology. 3．When should visitors go to Singapore if they want to enjoy light shows A．In January. B．In March. C．In July. D．In August.BA 63-year-old Chinese carpenter’s tra ditional skills have become an unexpected Internet hit as he creates woodwork with a single piece of wood, without glue, screws or nails. Wang De wen, known as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, awell-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich carpentry(木工手艺) knowledge.Grandpa Amu’s most popular video, which shows him making a delicate wooden arch bridge, has gone viral on YouTube, gaining more than 40 million views. “If you do something, you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested doesn’t mean there’s only happiness and no pain.” Grandpa Amu shared when talking about his excellent carpentry skills.His most popular works include a folding stool, a model of the China pavilion from the 2010 Shanghai Expo, and an apple-shaped interlocking puzzle, known as a Lu Ban lock. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique, which means no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.The master carpenter has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. His young grandson’s favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine. Attracting over 1.17 million fans on Y ouTube, Grandpa Amu’s videos so far have gained more than 200 million views.His wonderful woodworking skills, using the same mortise and tenon joints found in the Forbidden City, were developed from the age of thirteen as a way of supporting his family in East China’s Shandong Province. “The grandson is so happy, as there have been so many fine and unique toys made by grandpa from an early age,” commented one netizen; while another said “It’s amazing. I hope these traditional crafts can be passed on!”；4．Why is Grandpa Amu regarded as the modern day Lu BanA．For his simple words. B．For his popular videos.C．For his carpentry skills. D．For his excellent arch bridge.；5．What do Grandpa Amu’s remarks mean in Paragraph 2A．Theory is from pracitce. B．Success depends on love. C．Excellent skills lie in hard work. D．Happiness comes from interest.；6．What is the unique feature of Grandpa Amu’s craft worksA．No nails or glue. B．Delicate design.C．The apple shape. D．The wooden material.；7．What message does this text mainly conveyA．Being popular means more fans. B．Perfect skills earn more money. C．Supporting family needs more skills. D．Traditional crafts deserve passing on.CUntil 13, Parker Liautaud was an ordinary kid. That changed after he met polar explorer Robert Swan. They began an email correspondence which turned into a friendship that eventually saw the then 14-year-old invited to join a trip to the Antarctic. He said yes almost instantly. Friends and family, to whom he’d so far shown he had no particular inte rest in outdoor pursuits, particularly polar ones, were thrown into total confusion, to say the least. He ate lots of chicken, spent a long time in the gym, and proved them wrong.The following year, Liautaud cooked up a more ambitious plan: to become the youngest-ever person to go to the North Pole. He found a new partner, Doug Stoup, and through a mixture of charm and luck raised the roughly $150,000 needed for the record attempt. Then disaster struck. The early months of the year, when the two set out, were among the warmest on record. The North Pole, which is essentially a GPS location on a constantly-drifting collection of ice sheets, became virtually inaccessible, surrounded by pieces of uncovered ocean.A trip which had intended to raise awareness of melting ice caps had been delayed by melting Ice caps. " We would get up, battle throughthese difficult conditions for 150 hours, then wake up the next morning and find that we were further away from the Pole than we’d started the previous morning, he sai d. After 14 days’ trying, they admitted defeat. Liautaud came home and decided to try again the next spring. Conditions were cold but perfect, and he and Stoup reached the Pole in no time. While it might not have made him the youngest North-Poler, the success did give Liautaud a platform to continue advocacy against climate change, through his campaigning website. His view is that it's his generation that must push hardest for cuts in carbon emissions. He has already contributed to research projects carried out by the International Atomic Energy Agency and will soon set up two stations to record weather data.8．How did Liautaud's family react to his decision to go to the Antarctic A．They made fun of it.B．They turned a deaf ear to it .C．They were puzzled about it.D．They tried to talk him out of it.9．What prevented Liautaud and Stoup from reaching the North Pole A．The movement of the iceB．The lack of fundsC．The severe weatherD．The failure of the equipment10．Why was Liautaud determined to go to the North PoleA．To push his physical limitsB．To become the youngest North-PolerC．To finish a research project for his websiteD．To support environmental protection11．Which of the following words can best describe Liautaud as a young manA．Demanding B．Responsible C．Generous D．CooperativeDIf you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence(AI) tool, you may immediately get the responses, completely certain and often wrong. The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT cause much more tentative answers. But they are ones that managers ought to start asking. One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security. Worries are natural. An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing; an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another. Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance. So does creating a sense of agency: research conducted by MIT Sloan Management Review and the Boston Consulting Group found that an ability to override an AI makes employees more likely to use it.Arthur Jago of the University of Washington and Glenn Carroll of theStanford Graduate School of Business investigate how willing people are to give rather than earn credit—specifically for work that someone did not do on their own. They showed volunteers something attributed to a specific person — an artwork, say, or a business plan — and then revealed that it had been created either with the help of an algorithm or with the help of human assistants. Everyone gave less credit to producers when they were told they had been helped, but this effect was more pronounced for work that involved human assistants.The picture that emerges from such research is messy. It is also dynamic: just as technologies evolve, so will attitudes. But it is crystal-clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.；12．What should managers take into consideration when using technologies like ChatGPTA．Skills used for them. B．Issues caused by them.C．Accuracy ensured in them. D．Alternatives discovered for them.；13．What can we learn about employees’ attitude towards AI from Paragraph 2A．They find it can make their work more complicated.B．They think it is a threat for AI to replace them at work.C．They consider it’s normal for AI to finish all their work.D．They feel it’s vital for them to acknowledge its abilities.；14．What did the volunteers think of a task accomplished with AI algorithmA．They thought little of it. B．They were unaware of it.C．They spoke highly of it. D．They felt envious about it.；15．What does the passage mainly talk aboutA．The limitation of AI. B．The importance of Chat GPTC．The relationship between AI and humans. D．The practical application of Chat GPT.参考答案本文是一篇应用文。

专题一阅读理解[全国卷3年考情分析]题型与题量卷别细微环节理解题推理推断题主旨大意题词义揣测题考情分析从统计表可以看出，高考英语阅读理解的题型设置以细微环节理解题和推理推断题为主，兼顾主旨大意题和词义揣测题。

细微环节理解题相对简洁，而其他三种题型相对较难。

在近两年的考查趋向上，细微环节理解题的答案更加隐藏，叙述含蓄，干脆信息题会越来越少，取而代之的将是事实细微环节题加入很多推理、推断、归纳等元素；推理推断题的难度会适当加大。

本专题将对这四种题型进行递进式的指导。

2024 卷Ⅰ7 5 2 1 卷Ⅱ9 3 2 1 卷Ⅲ9 3 2 12024 卷Ⅰ7 6 1 1 卷Ⅱ 5 6 2 2 卷Ⅲ 6 6 2 12024 卷Ⅰ10 3 1 1卷Ⅱ7 5 1 2卷Ⅲ8 4 1 2第一讲细微环节理解题——定位信息巧比对细微环节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简洁，只须要依据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。

因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。

但有些细微环节理解题由于命题人有意设置障碍，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有时又有转折、否定等，因此有些题目须要细致地思索、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。

尽管细微环节理解题相对简洁，但不行掉以轻心。

细微环节理解题常见的考查题型有：干脆信息题、间接信息题、概括细微环节理解题和正误推断题。

一、题型特点要知晓(一)细微环节理解题常见设问方式1．特别疑问句形式。

以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。

2．推断是非形式。

含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题。

此时要留意题干中是否含有否定词，如not, never等。

3．以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。

专题8 事实细节题【考情分析】事实细节题是高考英语阅读理解中分布密度最大的一种题型，它考查的对象通常是一个句子或几个句子，要求考生对相关句子进行准确的识别和理解。

这类题目难度较低，但数量众多，所以做好事实细节题是阅读理解拿高分的关键。

【考点梳理】解题策略1. 直接信息题这类题目的答案可以从原文的某一句话中直接获取，正确选项大多含有相关句子的单词，只是比原句更加简短紧凑。

【典题链接】(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ阅读B)By day, Robert Titterman is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”24．What should Titterman be able to do to be a page turner?A．Read music.B．Play the piano.C．Sing songs.D．Fix the instruments.【分析】第一步找关键词：Titterton be able to do to be a page turner第二步定位到原文：根据题干中的关键词可以定位到第一段。

信息句“I’ve learnt to read music so I can hep Maria in her performance.”第三步比对选项：由此可知，提特顿是钢琴家玛丽亚的乐谱翻页者，他学会识谱是为了可以在玛丽亚的表演中帮助她。

故选A。

（2020·全国甲卷阅读D篇）Libraries，in their own way，help fight book piracy（盗版行为）and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.34. What does the author call on other writers to do？A. Sponsor book fairs.B. Write for social media.C. Support libraries.D. Purchase her novels.【点石成金】C 根据I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can可知，作者认为所有作家应当支持图书馆（后面则是就如何支持提出一些建议），C项直接由这个句子简化而来，符合题意。

专题强化练(一) 细微环节理解题——干脆信息类A(2024·深圳市高三第一次调研考试)King's Volunteering of King's College London is looking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering.The Board plays an important role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service.Its aim is to find volunteering opportunities for students，teachers and other staff at school.Volunteering，which has the potential to create positive social impact，is a key priority for King's.The Board will ensure that students' needs are at the core of the service so that all King's students can make a difference.This year，the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co­create the agenda，and potential topics include：•Volunteering opportunities for the disabled.•Promotion of t he Board's service.•How to recognize and reward volunteers.•Evaluation of the Board's work.This is a unique and exciting opportunity open to all studying at King's，regardless of how much or how little you have volunteered.The Board will be run both online and in person，and board members will be paid the London Living Wage(￡11.95 per hour)via King's Talent Bank.The application deadline is 23：59 on Friday，31st March 2024.Apply via the form below，using your King's email address.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。