上海高考 语法分类定语从句 含语法新题型(教师版)

考点06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.I live next door to a couple whos e children often make a lot of noise.China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.➢考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?➢考点三：非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。

这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。

e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。

）2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。

知识点一（现在分词）【知识梳理】一、现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。

1、现在分词的形式：1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。

例如：They went to the park, singing and talking.Having done his homework, he played basket-ball.2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。

The problem being discussed is very important.Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.2、现在分词的句法功能：1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前，如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。

In the following years he worked even harder.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed,the man speaking 可改为the man who is speaking.2）作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。

be + doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。

学习目标掌握定语从句的观点和运用课前一测：( ) 1. He didn ’ t tell me the place _______ he was born.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where( ) 2. This is the most beautiful city ______I ’ ve ever visited.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where( ) 3. Do you still remember the chicken farm ____we visited three months ago?A. where B when C that D what( ) 4. Look out! Don’ t get too close to thehouse ______roof is under repair.A whoseB whichC of whichD that( ) 5. The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. which we stayed Key: DACAA知识精讲：知识点一【知识梳理】知识点 1：定语从句的定义在句中作定语的句子，它修饰一个名词或代词，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。

这个被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词。

定语从句往常出此刻先行词以后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

知识点二【知识梳理】知识点 2：定语从句的构造1）被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，指引定语从句的关系词相关系代词或关系副词。

限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不行切割的联系2）关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充任一个成分。

高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型 语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤： 一、浏览全文 把握语篇 浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。

在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。

这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。

二、边读边填 先易后难 在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。

填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。

遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。

三、验证复查 清除难点 有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。

复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。

另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。

Part-1 Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A) There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me. I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look) around, I was determined to win. While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track. I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I I was was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I I heard heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face. “Well done!” said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner ’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life. (B) One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?” It It is is is human human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why Why”” by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment. 34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying 35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?” Then you ’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not. This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth 38 keep away insects.” Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are  (39)Part-2kept 25others, 26answer 27 ,only 28arrived 29“31 ’323435nothing I 37characterizations I 38busy 40Part-3(A)ThePart-4David. He kept 25 refuses to talk to others, 26 answer 27 , , and the answer He sat there, only 28 Usually, he arrived 29 needs someone someone 30 31 32 33 Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 34 35 When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 36 37 the dull characterizations I 38 objects 39 of objects 40 40.preservingPart-5s visits 25  visits 26 “27 We know that good sleep is very 28 29 gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity. Gift givers can choose from then 30 and then 31 charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she early 1980s, 32 visits 33 area. 34 Mountain area. 35 school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the 36 classroom, I 37 a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with 38 39 is a a 40 Part-6kids in a rowboat 25 beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella 26 27 water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for I was trying 28 minutes 29 boat. He took over rowing, 30 Christian and Jack 31 32 road toward goals. I like this image. But it was quite by accident For years we made the long drive 33 fast, 34 But then Banner, our lamb was born. He was rejected by his mama days before our 35 is 36 That is breathless and 37 window, at baby pigs following their mother, or fish 38 39 road, everyone started quarreling. I stopped the car, ordered all kids out 40 available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour Part-725 My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I 26 at the computer, and typed 27 28 Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile I 29 30 sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I much I didn‟t know about 31 . 32 We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out The library is divided into different 33 . The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone 34 are situated in the area 35 If you want to discuss freely 36 floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and 37 There are 40 group-study rooms that 38 for students students 39 a lecture and 40 Part-825 26 love and popularity. I 27 In adulthood the things that bring deep joy. The 28 and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, 29 Psychologists tell us 30 31 , with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into 32 33 development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed 34 35 smoking 36 cigarette smoking substances in 37 ) that 38 39 other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While ) tobacco 40 Part-9The trouble with you is 25 dentist came back from holiday, 26 If you come by right now,the 27 28 dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? 29 30 31  Although this might be excellent advice in matters 32 A loan is a sum of money borrowed for a 33 34 or from an institution such as a bank and is generally granted at a specific rate of interest. Interest is the fee 35 generally requires the borrower to register something 36 that a lender 37 38 There are two major sorts of loans: consumer loans and commercial loans. A consumer loan is 39 factory. The business of making loans also contributes to a healthy economy In a 40 Part-10Behavior 25 Social Behavior 26 The possible reason 27 28 of self” is much more likely to lead to depression romance too early. During growing up, 29 Parents 30 31 seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, 32 As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society failure to exercise. The line of thought 33 34 nights but does not drive while drunk, 35 36 someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body‟s special needs.37 38 ) may be “well,” in this new sense,39 40 perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, 37. BothPart-11Many children first learn the value of money 25 children learn from experience at an age 26 27 case, parents should make clear 28 , if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money. object is is 29 30 Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they future. 31 Do you know how 32 neurons 33 34 35 Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which researchers discovered 36 37 38 people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 39 40 relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else 13 。