海外工程常用英语

工程管理常用英文词汇英语国别海外工程项目现场积累词汇，本人经历过中亚俄语国别项目，英语国别项目，手机下载百度翻译或者谷歌翻译，遇上需要表达的词汇就会去查，经过不断搜集，不断练习，发现其实，想说一口流利的俄语英语，其实用不了那么多词汇，常用的就那几百个，都是反复的用。

而且国外项目只要言能达意就善莫大焉，无需拐弯抹角，为难了自己老外也听不懂。

我们平时学的英语是哑巴英语，即使掌握几千词汇也很难脱口，但是，当你身处外语国别，身处语言环境，而且身边没有翻译，你需要给工人交代工艺，给工程师解释流程。

词汇就会记的非常快，基本用一两次就掌握了。

加上最先学会的肢体语言，基本学会个二三百词汇，你就能脱口而出，言能达意！在此贡献出自己日常积累的词汇，希望对你有用，少走弯路。

孤独的海外工程人，愿你砥砺前行，风雨共勉！1.检验报告Inspection report2.（项目）完工报告close-out report3. 报价；投标bid;quotation;proposal;tender;offer4.询价文件评审委员会inquiry review committee [IRC]5.报价策略会议bid strategy meeting6.报价经理proposal manager7. 报价书；标书；建议书proposal；quotation; bid; tender; offer8. 图细标书评审；报价评审bid evaluation9.标书评选表;报价评选表bid tabulation form;tabulation of bids10.谈判negotiation11. 厂商协调会议；协调会议vendor coordinationmeeting[ VCM];coordination meeting12. 订货合约；定约成交commitment13. 订货电传；订货通知（书）telex order；notification of commitment14.订单（即定单）采买订单;订货合同purchase order[PO]15. 签订合同；合同签约contract award16. 询价；招标Inquiry;invitation to bid17.资格预审pre-qualification18. 合格投标商表；合格供货商表qualified bidders list;qualified19. 询价书；招标文件Inquiry（package）;request for quotation （package）[RFQ]request for proposal [RFP]；invitation to bid[TB]20. 请购文件；请购单requisition（package）；requisition documents21. 采购规格书；采购说明书purchasing specification [PS]22. 投标者须知；报价须知Instructions to bidders[TB]23.变更change24. 用户变更；合同变更client change；contract change25.待定的用户变更pending client change26.认可的用户变更approved client change27. 用户变更（通知）单；合同变更（通知）单client change notice[CCN]；contract change order[CCO]28. 项目变更；内部变更project change；internal change29. 项目变更（通知）单；内部变更（通知）单project change notice[ PCN]；internal change order[ICO]30. 变更申请单；偏差通知单change request；deviation notice[DN]31.质量quality32.质量方针quality policy33.质量管理quality management34.质量策划quality planning35.质量控制quality control[QC]36.质量保证quality assurance[OA]37.质量体系quality system38.质量改进quality improvement39.质量手册quality manual40.质量计划quality plan41.图纸drawing42.工艺流程图process flow diagram[PFD]43.工艺控制图process control diagram[PCD]44.管道仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[PID]或[P&ID]45.装置布置图plot plan46.管道平面设计图piping planning（drawing)47.管道平面布置图piping layout drawing48.管段图;管道空视图isometric drawing[ISO]49.“批准用于详细工程设计（版）”图纸drawings issued" Approved for Design "[LAFD]50.“批准用于施工（版）”图纸drawings issued”Approved for Construction"[AFC]51.供货厂商先期确认图（纸）advanced certified finaldrawings[ACF];advanced certified vendors' drawings;preliminary vendor drawings [PD]52.供货厂商最终确认图（纸）certified final drawings[CF];certifiedvendor drawings[CD]53. 图表diagram;chart54.直方图histogram55.横道图bar chart;gantt chart56.进度趋势展示图schedule trend display chart57.费用趋势展示图cost trend display chart58. 项目；工程项目project59.项目实施project execution60.项目实施阶段project phase61. 项目初始阶段initial phase of project execution62.施工阶段construction phase63.开车阶段start-up phase64.项目建设周期project durations65.项目管理project management66.项目控制project control67.专责项目组task force68.项目经理project manager[PM]69.项目设计经理project engineering manager[PEMI70.项目采购经理project procurement manager [PPM]71. 项目施工经理project construction manager [PCM]72.项目工艺经理project process manager73. 项目控制经理project controls manager74.项目进度计划工程师project scheduling engineer;project scheduler75.项目估算师project estimator76.项目费用控制工程师project cost control engineer;project cost engineers77.项目材料控制工程师project material control engineer78.项目财务经理project financial manager79.项目质量经理project quality manager80.项目开车经理project start-up manager81.项目安全工程师project safety engineer82.项目秘书project secretary83.项目控制手段project controlling;tools for project control84. 控制基准执行效果测量基准；实物进度基准control baseline performance measurement baseline;progress base line85. 偏差；差异deviation;variance86. 执行效果；效绩；性能performance1．专利patents2．专利权patent right3．产权技术proprietary technology4．专利技术licensed technology5．专有技术技术诀窍know how6．许可证license7．专利商；许可方licensor8．受许可方；受让方licensee9．（技术）转让费；提成费royalty10．专有技术费know- how fee11．专业discipline12．工艺（专业）process design；process engineering 13．系统（专业）systems engineering14．设备（专业）equipment engineering15．布置（专业）plant，layout engineering16．管道设计（专业）piping design17．仪表（专业）Instruments engineering18．管道机械（专业）piping mechanical engineering 19．电气（专业）electrical engineering20．建筑（专业）architectural engineering21．土建（专业）civil engineering22．试车commIssioning23．开车start-up24．料试车start-up;test run;initial operations formance guarantee test s25．性能考核；生产考核test run26．用户验收；装置验收client acceptance；plant acceptance27．支付条件；付款条件terms of payment；conditions of payment ；terms and conditionsof payment29．预付款advance payment；down payment30．按实物进度付款progress payment31．按日程进度付款schedule payment32．保留金retention money33．最终付款final payment34．代码；编码code；number35．组码group code36．标准分类记帐码；记帐码standard classification of account numbers[SCAN]；account codes;code of accounts37．可变码variable code optional variable code38．通用型活动码generic activity type（numbers）[GAT]39．未可预见费contingency40．发表issue；release41．汇票bill of exchange；draft42．议付汇票bill of negotiation43．业主owner44．用户；客户client45．设计：工程设计design，engineering46．设计阶段engineering phase47．工艺设计阶段process design phase48．基础工程设计阶段basic engineering phase49．分析设计阶段analytical engineering phase50．平面设计阶段planning engineering phase51．详细工程设计阶段detailed engineering phase;final design phase;production engineering phase53．会议meeting54．开工会议kick-off meeting55．报价开工会议proposal kick-off meeting56．用户开工会议client kick-off meeting57．项目开工会议project kick-off meeting58．设计开工会议engineering kick-off meeting59．施工动员会议construction mobilization meeting60．审核会review meeting61．合同承包contract62．合同生效日期effective date of the contract63．合同终止termination of contract64．合同失效frustration of contract65．总价合同lump-sum contract[LS]66．（固定）单价合同（fixed）unit price contract67．偿付合同；成本加酬金合同（cost））reimbursible contract; cost-plus （fee）contract[CP]68．成本加固定酬金合同cost plus fixed feecontract[ CPFF]69．偿付合同；成本加酬金合同（cost）reimbursible contract;cost-plus （fee）contract[ CP]70．成本加固定酬金合同cost plus fixed fee contract[CPFF]71．成本加浮动酬金合同cost plus fluctuating fee contract;cost plus sliding scale fee contract（target）cost plus fee contract,with the bonus or penalty72．目标成本加奖罚合同；限定最高价偿付合同；限定最高成本加酬金合同reimbursible guaranteed maximum price contract[RGMP];guarante e maximum cost plus fee contract73．承包商contractor74．分包商subcontractor75．合营企业joint venture[JV]76．运输traffic；transport77．报关单bill of entry78．报告report79．（项目）进展月报（job）monthly progress report80．费用和进展月报monthly cost& progress report81．设计进展月报engineering monthly progress report82．项目费用汇总报告project cost summary report83．项目实施费用状态报告project operation cost status report。

工程建设现场英语五百句目录1、问候和介绍（36句）GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS2、交谈语言（24句）TALKING ABOUT LANGUAGES3、日期和时间（20句）DATES AND TIMES4、天气和环境（20句）WEATHER AND ENVIRONMENT5、在会议上（34句）AT THE MEETING6、工程项目（20句）ENGINEERING PROJECT7、计划与进度（20句）PLANNING AND SCHEDULING8、技术资料与图纸（34句）TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS AND DRAWINGS9、公用工程（20句）UTILITY10、施工现场（44句）AT THE JOB SITE11、设备检验（30句）INSPECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT12、土建工程（18句）CIVIL ENGINEERING13、施工机械（18句）CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY14、常用工具（22句）COMMON TOOLSENGINEERING MATERIALS16、设备安装（24句）ERECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT17、工艺管道（22句）PROCESS PIPING18、质量管理（20句）QUALITY CONTROL19、试车和开工（30句）TEST RUN AND START-UP20、在宴会上（26句）AT THE BANQUET附录一、基数和序数、分数、倍数、百分数附录二、常见各国标准代号附录三、常见外国学会和协会机构附录四、度量衡表一、问候和介绍（36句）GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS1 How do you do?你好吗？（初次见面）2 How are you?你好吗？（日常见面）3 Fine,thanks.很好，谢谢。

4 I am very well, Thank you.我很好，谢谢你。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixtu re 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单上面已看！construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentationand Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩。

土木工程常用英语术语第一节普通术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures3. 房屋建造工程building engineering5. 马路工程highway engineering6. 铁路工程railway engineering10. 建造物（构筑物）construction works11. 结构structure12. 基础foundation13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground14. 木结构timber structure15. 砌体结构masonry structure16. 钢结构steel structure17.混凝土（砼）结构concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构。

它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等。

18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure20.工业建造industrial building21. 民用建造civil building; civil architecture22. 马路highway24. 高速马路freeway32. 铁路车站railway station33. 港口port; harbour39. 水库reservoir40. 水工建造物hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction50. 安全设施safety device第二节房屋建造结构术语第 1 页/共23 页1. 混合结构mixed structure2. 板柱结构slab-colume system3. 框架结构frame structure6. 壳体结构shell structure8. 悬索结构cable-suspended structure21.9. 充气结构pneumatic structure10. 剪力墙（结构墙）结构shear wall structure在高层和多层建造中，竖向和水平作用均由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土墙体承受的结构。

航海及海运专业英语词汇(U) U 形壳板U 形物U 形卸扣U-bend tube U形管U-bend tubeU 形管U-bend U形弯头U-bent tube U形管U-bolt U形螺栓U-clamp U形夹U-clevis U形夹U-clip U形夹U-gauge U形压力表U-iron 槽铁U-lag U形槽U-link U形联结环U形插塞U-link U形连接环U形插塞U-magnet U形磁铁U-nut U形螺母U-packing ring U形垫密圈U-pipe U形管U-shaped core U形剖面U-shaped coreU 形剖面U-shaped section U形剖面U-shaped sectionU 形剖面U-shaped shackle U形卸扣U-shaped shackleU 形卸扣U-shaped tank stabilizer U型减摇水舱U-shaped U形的U-sheet U形板U-steel 槽钢U-tube draft gauge U形管风压表U-tube draft gaugeU 形管风压表U-tube heat exchanger U形管热交换器U-tube heat exchangerU 形管热交换器U-tube heater U形管加热器U-tube heaterU 形管加热器U-tube manometer U形管压力表U-tube manometerU 形管压力表U-tube U形管U-type internal combustion engine U形表U-type internal combustion engineU 形表U-type U型U-weld U形焊接U.K.P ＆I club 联合王国保赔协会U.S. gallon 美制加仑U.S. Gulf coast 美湾海岸U.S. Information Agency 美国新闻局U.S. Navy Observatory 美国海军天文台U.S.A. Atlantic ports south of Norfolk Va. 美国大西洋岸诺福克以南口岸U.S.A. Dollar 美元U.S.A. Salvage Association 美国海上救助协会U.S.A.Oil Pollution Act of 1990 美国年油污法U.S.dollars 美元U.S.Oil Pollution Act 美国油污染法U.S.Standard Atmosphere 美国标准大气压U.S.Weather Bureau 美国气象局U.S.West Coast 美国西海岸uala 通海小河ubac 山阴uberrimae fidei 最诚实ucon oil 合成润滑油udershield 下部保 物udjung 海岬岬udometer 雨量计UF foamed plastics 脲醛泡沫塑料ugly 险恶ugly and threatening weather 险恶天气ugly sky 阴沉天空ugly sky 阴沉天气ugly weather 恶劣天气ugly weather 阴沉天气ugly 丑陋的ugly 险恶的ugly 阴沉UHF Doppler system 特高频多普勒系统UIC Mark 国际铁路联盟标记ujung 岬UK barrel 英制石油产品量桶UK gallon 英制加仑ullage board 空档测尺ullage board 膨胀余位测板ullage board 缺量测尺ullage board 液舱液面标尺ullage foot 膨胀余位测尺ullage foot 缺量尺ullage gauge 膨胀余位测尺ullage hole 膨胀余位测孔ullage hole 缺量测孔ullage indicator 缺量指示器ullage indicator 液舱膨胀余位测定器ullage opening 液位视测孔ullage plate 膨胀余位测孔盖板ullage plate 缺量测孔盖板ullage plug 膨胀余位测孔栓塞ullage plug 缺量测孔塞ullage plug 液面测量孔塞ullage port 膨胀余位测孔ullage port 缺量测孔ullage port 液面测量孔ullage report 空距报告ullage report 空距表ullage scale 膨胀余位测尺ullage scale 缺量测尺ullage scale 液舱容量标尺ullage space 缺量空间ullage stick 膨胀余位测板ullage stick 缺量尺ullage table 膨胀余位表ullage table 缺量表ullage table 液舱膨胀余位表ullage (舱ullage 空部容积ullage 膨胀余位ullage 损耗膨胀余位ulloa's ring 雾虹ulterior chartered freight 以后的租船运费ultimate aim 最终目标ultimate analysis 元素分析ultimate capacity 极限容量ultimate capacity 极限容量极限功率ultimate cost 最高费用ultimate damping 极限阻尼ultimate design 最后设计ultimate destination 最终到达ultimate elongation 极限伸长ultimate factor of safety 极限安全系数ultimate life 极限使用寿命ultimate limit state 极限状态ultimate load 极限载荷ultimate long stroke engine 超长行程发动机ultimate net loss 最终纯损ultimate net loss 最终净损失ultimate net retention 最终实际自留ultimate operational capability 最大运转能力ultimate output 极限输出ultimate output 极限输出功率ultimate position 终了位置ultimate pressure 极限压力ultimate sensibility 极限灵敏度ultimate shearing strength 极限抗剪强度ultimate shearing strenngth 极限抗剪强度ultimate strain 极限应变ultimate strength method 极限强度法ultimate strength 极限强度ultimate stress 极限应力ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile stress 极限抗拉应力ultimate 极限的ultimate 最后的ultimately controlled variable 最终被控变量ultimately 极限地Ultimatum 最后通牒ultimo 前月的ultra accelerator 超促进剂ultra audible sound 超声ultra audible 超越可听的ultra audio wave 超声波ultra audion 超三极管ultra barmonics 超主频谐波ultra harmonics 超高频谐波ultra high frequency 超高频ultra high frequency 超高频特高频特高频ultra high frequency 特高频ultra large crude carrier 超大型油轮ultra large crude carrier anchorage 超大型油船锚地ultra large crude carrier 超大型油船ultra large crude carrier 超大型油船(30万ultra large crude carrier 超大型油轮ultra large crude carrier 超大型原油轮ultra large crude oil carrier 超大型油船ultra large crudecarrier 超大型油船ultra large product carrier 超大型成品油轮ultra large reefer carrier 超大型冷藏船ultra linear voltage-to-frequency converter 超线性电压-频率变换器ultra long stroke crosshead diesel engine 超长行程十字头式柴油机ultra long wave 超长波ultra low frequency 超低频ultra marine blue 群青色ultra marine 海外的;绀青ultra marine 海外的绀青ultra microscope 超显微镜ultra microscope=ultramicroscope 超显微镜ultra microwaves 超微波ultra modern ship 最新式的船ultra oscilloscope 超短波示波器ultra porcelain 超高频瓷料ultra portable 超便携式ultra red bulb 红外线灯泡ultra red ray 红外线ultra red 红外线的ultra shallow draft vessel 超浅吃水船ultra shallow draft vessel 超浅吃水船超浅水船ultra shallow draft vessel 超浅水船ultra short base line 超短基线系统ultra short wave 超短波ultra short wave 超短波超短波ultra short 极短的超短波的ultra shortwave 超短波ultra sonic cleaing 超声波清洗ultra sonic depth finder 超声波测深仪ultra sonic machinery 超声波机械ultra sonic 超声波a.超声的超声速的ultra stability 超高稳性ultra thermometer 超高温温度计ultra violet bulb 紫外线灯泡ultra violet n. 紫外线辐射a.紫外线的ultra violet ray 紫外线ultra violet rays 紫外线ultra violet 紫外线辐射紫外线的ultra voilet 紫外线ultra 表示超过之意过度的ultra 超ultra 超过度的极端的ultra 过度的极端的ultra- 超;过ultra- 超过ultra-high frequency generator 特高频发生器ultra-high frequency 超高频ultra-high frequency 超高频超高频ultra-high frequency 特高频ultra-high frequencydirection finding 特高频测向ultra-high resistance 超高电阻ultra-high speed 超高速ultra-high voltage 超高压ultra-high-frequency direction finder 特高频测向仪ultra-high-frequency filter 特高频滤波器ultra-high-frequency oscillator 特高频振荡器ultra-high-frequency receiver 特高频接收机ultra-low frequency oscillator 特低频振荡器ultra-low frequency receiver 特低频接收机ultra-low frequency 特低频ultra-portable 超便携式ultra-short wave 超短波ultra-sonic oscillation 超声波振荡ultra-sonic 超声超声波ultra-violet 紫外线ultrafax 电视传真电报ultramarine 在海外的深蓝色的ultramicroscope 超显微镜ultramodern 超现代化的ultramodern 超现代化的最新的ultrared ray 红外线ultrared 红外线的ultrared 红外线的@a.红外线的ultrashort wave 超短波ultrashort 极短的a.极短的超短波的ultrashort 极短的超短波的ultrasonic alarm system 超声波警报系统ultrasonic beacon 超声速信标ultrasonic bonding machine 超声波焊接机ultrasonic burner 超声波燃烧室ultrasonic cardiogram 超声波心电图ultrasonic cleaning 超声波清洗ultrasonic crack detection 超声波探伤ultrasonic defectoscopy 超声波探伤法ultrasonic depth finder 超声波测深仪ultrasonic detector 超声波探伤器ultrasonic detector 超声波探伤仪ultrasonic engineering 超声工程ultrasonic examination 超声波检查ultrasonic examination 超声波检验ultrasonic fault detection 超声波探测ultrasonic flaw detection 超声波探伤ultrasonic flaw detector 超声波探伤器ultrasonic flaw detector 超声波探伤仪ultrasonic flowmeter 超声波流量表ultrasonic frequency 超声频ultrasonic frequency 超音频ultrasonic frequency 超音频超声频ultrasonic generator 超声波发生器ultrasonic inspection 超声波检查ultrasonic listening 超声波噪声测向ultrasonic locator 超声波定位器ultrasonic machining 超声波加工ultrasonic n. 超声波a.超声的ultrasonic n. 超声波a.超声的超声速的ultrasonic non-desructive testing 超声波非损试验ultrasonic reflectoscope 超声波探伤仪ultrasonic remote control 超声波遥控ultrasonic technology 超声波工艺学ultrasonic test unit 超声波试验装置ultrasonic tester 超声波检验器ultrasonic testing 超频探伤ultrasonic testing 超声波检查ultrasonic testing 超声波检验ultrasonic thickness gauge 超声波测厚仪ultrasonic thickness indicator 超声波测厚仪ultrasonic thickness measurement 超声波测厚ultrasonic thickness measuremnt 超声波测厚ultrasonic water gauge 超声波水位计ultrasonic wave meter 超声波测波仪ultrasonic wave 超声波ultrasonic welding 超声波焊接ultrasonic welding 超声波熔接ultrasonic 超声波a.超声的ultrasonic 超声波超声的ultrasonic 超声波的ultrasonic-attenuation 超声波衰减ultrasonics 超声波学ultrasonics 超声学ultraviolet lamp 紫外线灯ultraviolet light 紫外线ultraviolet radiation 紫外射线ultraviolet ray 紫外线ultraviolet 紫外线的ultraviolet 紫外线辐射ultraviolet 紫外线辐射a.紫外线的ultraviolet 紫外线辐射a.紫外线的@n.紫外线辐射ultrawhite synchronizing signal 超白同步信号ultrawhite 超白的ultriusque juris doctor 法学博士umber 赫色的umbilical 脐带umbra 阴影umbra 影区umbrella antenna 伞状天线umbrella antenna 伞形天线umbrella antenna 伞状天线umbrella hood 伞形罩umbrella vent 伞形通风筒umbrella 伞烟囱顶罩通风罩a.伞的umbrella 伞烟卤顶罩通风罩umbrella 烟囱顶罩;伞umbrella 烟卤顶罩通风帽umformer 变换器umformer 变流机umformer 换流机umpirage 裁决umpirage 裁决权umpire analysis 仲裁分析umpire 公断人umpire 仲裁长Umpire 仲裁公断人umpire 仲裁人umpires'boat 检查员船UN number 联合国编号un- 无Una Norna Espanola 西班牙国家标准unable to establish the type of message from the following header 无法在以下标题下建立所定电文unable to process the address information in the following message 对发送的以下电文无法处理unable 不能的unable-to-give way light 不能让路信号灯unabridged 未删节的unacceptable damage 不可接受的损害unacceptable 不能接受的unaccountable 无法解释的unaffected 未受影响的unalloyed 纯粹的unalterable 不变的unaltered 不变的unaltered 未改变的unambiguous evidence 确凿证据unambiguous 不含糊的unanimity 一致unanimous consent 一致同意unanimous 一致的unanswered 未答复的unapplied expenses 待摊费用unapplied 待摊的unapproachable 难以达到的unapproved 未经承认的unapproved 未经同意的unarguable 无可争辩的unarmored cable 非铠装电缆unarmored 非铠配的unarmored 非铠装的unassembled 未装配的unassignable 不可转让的unassured 未得保证的unattended 无人看守的unattended beacon 自动信标unattended boiler 无人值班锅炉unattended engineroom 无人操纵机舱unattended equipment 独立工作的设备unattended equipmet 独立工作的设备unattended light 无人看守的灯塔unattended light 无人看守的灯塔(海图标号unattended machinery space 无人机舱unattended machinery space 无人机舱符号unattended machinery spaces 无人机舱代号unattended machinery spaces 英国劳埃德船级社无人操纵机舱规范unattended machinery spaces 英国劳埃德船级社无人操纵机舱规范无人机舱代号unattended operation 全自动操作unattended operation 无人值班运行unattended period 无人值班期间unattended 不用照顾的unattended 不用照顾的独立工作的无人管理的unattended 无人看守的Unauthorized Agency 无权代理Unauthorized Broadcasting 未经许可的广播unauthorized 未被授权的unavailable energy 无用能unavailable 无法利用的无效的unavoidable cause 不可避免的原因unavoidable delay 不可避免的延误unavoidable 不可避免的unbalance load protection 不均衡负载保 装置unbalance load 不平衡负载unbalance protection 不均衡保unbalance rudder 不平衡舵unbalance 不均衡unbalance 不均衡使失去平衡unbalance 不平衡unbalanced current 不平衡电流unbalanced feeder line 不平衡馈电线unbalanced force 不平衡力unbalanced load 不平衡负载unbalanced moment 不平衡力矩unbalanced rudder 不平衡舵unbalanced system 不平衡系统unbalanced three-phase load 不平衡三相负载unbalanced three-phase voltage 不平衡三相电压unbalanced 不平均的unbalanced 失去平衡的unbalanceload 不平衡载荷unballast 卸除压载;无压载unballast 卸压载unbend 弄直unbend 卸除放直unbent 不弯的unberth passenger 统舱旅客unberthed passenger 没有铺位旅客unberthed passenger 统舱旅客unberthed passenger 统舱旅客无铺位旅客unberthed 未停泊的unberthed 未停泊的;无铺位的unberthed 无铺位的没停泊泊位的unbiased 不偏的unbiased 不偏的未加偏压的unbitt 解缆unbitt 解缆索unblanking circuit 增辉电路unblanking 开启unblanking 增辉开启unblended oil 非混合油unblocking 解锁接通unbounded 无边的unbroken bulkhead 未穿洞舱壁unbroken bulkhead 未穿孔舱壁unbroken bulkhead 无开口舱壁unbroken light 不间断的灯光unbroken light 不间断灯光unbroken light 不间断光unbroken 没有破坏的unbroken 未破损的unbroken 未受破坏的unbuilding 破坏消磁unbuilding 消磁;破坏unbuilding 消磁破坏unburden 卸货unburden 卸去负担unbypassed cathode resistor 未加旁路的阴极电阻unbypassed 无旁路的uncage 释放uncaging 释放uncapsizable 不可倾覆的uncapsizing 不倾复的uncapsizing 未倾覆的uncased 没加外壳的uncased 未罩外壳的unceasing 不停的uncertain winds 变向风uncertain 不定的Uncertainty Phrase 不明阶段uncertainty 不确定度uncertainty 不确定性unchamfered joint 无坡口接头unchamfered 未斜切的unchanged 未变化的uncharged state 未充电状态uncharged 未充电的uncharted area 海图上未标明区域uncharted obstruction 未标明的障碍物uncharted rock 未标明的暗礁uncharted 海图上没有的uncharted 海图上未标明的unchecked 未检查的unchecked 未经检查的unchock 除去堵塞unchockable anchor 不会卡住的锚unchocked 未楔紧的UNCITRAL Model Law 联合国示范法unclaimed cargo 无人领取的货物unclaimed cargo 无人认领货物unclaimed package 无人认领包裹unclaimed package 无人认领的包裹unclaimed 没人来取的unclaimed 无人认领的unclasp 解扣unclassed ship 不入级船unclassed ship 不入级的船unclassed 未归类的不入级的unclassified miscellaneous vessel 不入级杂用船unclassified 非密级的unclassified 未分类的unclassified 未分类的未入级的unclassified 未入级的不保密的unclassified 未入级的不保密的未分类的unclassified 未入级的未分类的解密了的unclean bill of lading 不清洁提单unclean 不洁的uncleaned bill of lading 不清洁提货单unclog 除去堵塞unclog 清除堵塞物unclosed lifeboat 开敞式救生艇unclosed 未闭合的未完的uncloudedness 无云天空uncoated electrode 裸焊条uncoated 裸露的uncoil 打开uncoil 解开uncoil 展开uncoiling rope 白棕绳卷抽头法uncoiling wire or synthetic fiber rope 钢丝或合成纤维绳解开法uncoilingrope 白棕绳卷抽头法uncollected premium 未收保险费uncollected vouchers 未收凭证uncolored 未染色的uncombined 无联系的未化合的未耦合的uncompensated amplifier 无补偿放大器uncompensated compass 非补偿罗经unconditional branch 无条件转移unconditional jump 无条件转移unconditional transfer instruction 无条件转移指令unconditional transfer 无条件转移unconditional 无条件的unconditioned 无条件的unconfirmed credit 未确认的信用证unconfirmed 未确认的unconfirmed 未最后认可的unconformity iceberg 分层冰山unconnected 不联结的unconnected 不连接的uncontainerable cargo 不可装入集装箱的货物uncontainerisable cargo 不可装入集装箱的货物uncontaminated 没有污染的uncontinuous change 间断变化有级变速uncontinuous 不连续的uncontrollable 不可控制的uncontrollably adrift 失控漂流uncontrolled combustion 非受控燃烧uncontrolled rectifier 非稳压整流器uncontrolled superheat boiler 不可调式过热蒸汽锅炉uncontrolled underwater body damage 未控制的水下船体损伤uncontrolled 不受控制的unconventional 非常规的unconvertible 不能变换的不能兑换的uncooled 未冷凝的uncooled 未冷却的uncorrected universal time 没有改正的世界时uncorrected 未校正的uncorrecting 航向倒算uncouple 解开uncouple 解开分离去耦合uncoupler lever 起钩杆uncover 打开盖子;使露出;揭露uncover 揭开…的盖子uncover 揭开…盖子uncovered manila 裸露的棕绳uncovered wire 裸线uncovered 未遮蔽的uncovered 无包装的uncovering 未覆盖的uncovers 明礁uncovers 明礁不淹末uncracked 未破裂的unctuosity 油性uncurrent 不通用的uncustomed 未报关的uncustomed 油性undamage 完整无损undamage 完整无损完整无损undamaged ship 未受损船undamaged side 未破损一侧undamaged tank 无损舱undamaged 未受损害的undamped frequency 无阻尼频率undamped navigation mode 无阻尼导航状态undamped oscillation 等幅振荡undamped oscillation 无衰减振荡undamped oscillation 无阻尼振荡undamped period 无阻尼周期undamped wave 无阻尼波undamped 无阻尼undamped 无阻尼的undamped 无阻尼的无衰减的未受潮的等幅的undated letter 无日期的信undated 未注明日期的不限定日期的波状的undecane 十一烷undecided 未决的undecked beam 舱梁undecked boat 敞舱舢板undecked boat 无甲板船undecked boat 无甲板的船undecked ship 无甲板船undecked vessel 无甲板船undecked 无甲板的undecked 无遮盖的undeclared cargo 未向海关或有关单位申报的货物Undeclared or Wrongfully Declared Cargo 未经申报或谎报的货物Undeclared War 不宣而战undeclared 未经宣布的Undeliverable Cargo 无法交付的货物Undeliverable Luggage and Parcels 无法交付的行李包裹undelivered addressee unknown 不能投送此报undelivered cargo list 催提进口货清单undelivered 无法递送的under agent 代理人的助手under arm 武装的under authorities 经有关当局许可under authority 经有关当局许可under average 受损under bare poles 在没有张帆的情况下under beam girder 梁下纵桁under beam tonnage 梁下吨位Under below! 下面当心!under body 船体水下部分under body=underbody 船体水下部分under bond 保税under bond 保税;保税仓库中的under canvas 张帆航行中under canvassed 帆张开太小under charge 制冷剂不足充电不足vt.未给…装足制冷剂少充电于under charge=undercharge n. 制冷剂不足充电不足未给…装足制冷剂少充电于under compound 欠复励under construction 在建造中under construction 正在施工under convoy 被护航中under convoy 在护航下under cooled steam 过饱和蒸汽under cooled 过冷的under deck cargo 甲板下货物under deck clause 舱内条款under deck girder 甲板桁材under deck tonnage 舱内吨位under deck tonnage 甲板下吨位under deck 甲板下under deck 甲板下的under easy steam 缓速航行under expansion 不充足膨胀under false colours 悬挂它国国旗under feed stoker 火下加煤机under full steam 全速航行under half steam 半速航行under hung rudder 铲型舵under insurance 不足保险under insurance 不足额保险under keel clearance 富裕水深龙骨下富裕水深under load 欠载under load 欠载under logging 计程仪航程偏小under manning 未配足船员under oars 用桨划行under pilot's direction 在引航员指挥下under pilot's order 在引航员指挥下under piston charged engine 活塞下扫气空间增压式发动机under power 用发动机under power 用发动机航行under power 用机器动力under proof 在检验中under proof 在试验中under provisions of 依据……条款under repair 在修理中under repair 正在修理under sail and steam 机帆并用under sail 驶帆航行under sail 张帆航行中under saturated exciter 不饱和励磁机under sea 在海中under seal 密封under seal 密封under shore 在用支柱撑着的情况下under steam 用蒸汽机航行under the control of 在…控制下under the counter 船尾突出部分下面under the lee of land 在陆地的下风under the lee windunder the lee 在下风under the wind 在下风under the control of在…控制下under tow of 被……拖带着under tow of 被…拖带着under upper deck capacity 上甲板下容积under upper deck tonnage 上甲板下的吨位under valuation 低估价值under variable loads 在各种负载情况下under voltage circuit breeaker 低电压断路器under voltage protection 低电压保under voltage relay 低电压继电器under voltage release 低电压释放under voltage test 欠压试验under voltage trip 低电压自动跳闸under voltage trip 欠压;跳闸under voltage tripping relay 低电压脱扣继电器under voltage 低压的under water body 水下部分under water operation 水下作业under water rock 暗礁under water 水下的under water 水下的水线以下的under way 在航under way 在航;航行中under weigh 在航under weigh 在航;航行中under weight 重量不足under 表示在…下under 在……下面;低于under 在…下under-age vessel 未超龄的船under-buoy hose string 水下软管线under-insurance 不足额保险under-voltage relay 低压继电器under-voltage tripping relay 低电压跳闸继电器under-water body 水下船体underbalance 平衡不足underbead crack 焊道底裂纹underbead cracking 焊道层底纹裂underbead 焊道底underbeam girder 梁下纵桁underbeam girder 梁下桁underbed 底座underbody 船体水下部分underbright 水平线附近云隙中射出的日辉undercapacity 非饱和容量undercarrier 没完成运额的承运人undercharge n. 制冷剂不足充电不足vt.未给…装足制冷剂少充电于undercharge 充电不足undercharge 制冷剂不足充电不足undercharge 制冷剂不足充电不足少算运费undercharge 制冷剂不足充电不足少算运费未给…装足制冷剂少充电于undercharge 制冷剂不足充电不足未给…装足制冷剂不充电于underclearance parameter 富裕水深参数undercliff 副崖undercoat 底涂层加敷底涂层undercoating 底漆undercommutation 整流不足undercompensation 补偿不足undercompound excitation 欠复激的undercompound generator 欠复励发电机undercompound 欠复励的undercool 使过冷undercooled steam 过冷蒸汽undercooled 过冷的undercooling 过度冷却undercooling 过冷undercoupling 耦合不足undercover berth 室内船台undercover slipway 室内船台underct 根切咬边underct 咬边undercurrent circuit breaker 低电流断路器undercurrent protection 低电流保 undercurrent relay 低电流继电器undercurrent release 低电流释放undercurrent 电流不足undercurrent 潜流undercut 根切undercut 根切咬边undercut 咬边下陷undercutting cold front 下切冷锋underdamp 不完全衰减underdamping 弱阻尼underdeck accommodation 甲板下住舱underdeck capacity 甲板下载货容积underdeck cargo 舱内货underdeck cargo 甲板下货物underdeck girder 甲板纵桁underdeck tank 甲板下液柜underdeck tanks 舱内液体柜underdeck tonnage section 甲板下吨位剖面underdeck tonnage section 甲板下容积丈量剖面underdeck tonnage 甲板下吨位underdeck void geometry 甲板下空档几何图形underdeck 甲板下underdeck 甲板下的underdeck 甲板下甲板下的underdeck 下甲板underdesign 欠安全设计underdrain 暗沟underexcitation 励磁不足underfed 流量不足underfoot 脚下underfoot 脚下首锚underframe 底架underfrequency protection 欠频保 underfrequency 降低了的频率最低的频率underground 地下的underground 地下的;地下underground 地下铁道a.地下的underground 地下铁道地下的underguard 下部保 物underhand weld 平焊焊缝underhand 手不过肩的underhaul 偏泊underhaul 由于次表层流影响而使锚泊中船和正常船首指向偏一角度underheating 加热不足underhung portion 悬吊部分underhung rudder 铲型舵underhung rudder 吊舵underhung rudder 吊舵铲型舵underhung 下颌突出的underice navigation 冰下导航Underinsurance 不足额保险underkeel clearance 龙骨下水深underkeel 龙骨下的underkell clearance 富裕水深underlap 提前underlap 提前时期underlet 转租underload circuit breaker 轻负载断路器underload relay 轻负载继电器underload starter 具有轻负载开关的电动机起动器underload switch 轻负载开关underload 欠载underloaded 欠载的underloaded 装载不足的underloading 欠载underlying 垫面基础的underlying 基础的底层的underlying 下垫面underman 使人员配备不足undermanned 人员不足的undermentioned 下述的undermodulate 调制不足undermodulated 调制不足的undermodulation 调制不足undermodulation 调制不足的underpaid 少付的underpan 底盘underpiston scavenge space 活塞下的扫气空间underpiston supercharge 活塞下的增压underpiston 活塞下的underpower protection 低功率保underpower relay 低功率继电器underpower 功率不足的underpowered 由功率不足的发动机驱动的underpressure 稀薄underpressure 稀薄抽空直空真空度减压负压underproof 不合格的underproof 功率不足underproof 在试验中低于标准underreaching protection 继电器失灵保 underrun a hose 挤乾水龙管残水underrun a tackle 把绞辘辘绳理好underrun 在……下通过underrun 装载不足undersea boat 潜水艇undersea cable 海底电缆Undersea Medical Society 水下医学学会undersea rescue vehicle 潜水营救艇undersea technology 水下工艺学undersea telephone system 水下电话系统undersea 海下的underset 下层逆流undershield 下部保 物undershoot 负脉冲信号undershoot 下冲undershoot 下冲;负脉冲underside groove 封底焊坡口underside 下侧undersigned 签名人undersigned 在下面签名的undersirable risk 不受欢迎的保险业务undersize 尺寸过小undersized section 尺寸过小截面undersized 尺寸过小的underslung crankshaft 悬挂式曲轴underslung 悬挂的underslung 悬挂式的underspeed 速度不足understand 了解understeer 操纵失灵undersynchronous braking 低于同步制动undersynchronous 低于同步的undertake 着手;承担undertake 着手承担undertaking 事业undertaking 事业企业undertow 回头浪undertow 退浪;下层逆流undertow 下层逆流undervoltage relay 欠压继电器undervoltage under body 船体水下部分undervoltage 低压的underwater acoustic communication set 水声通讯设备underwater acoustic measurement 水声测量underwater acoustic receiving system 水下声波接收系统underwater acoustic resistance 水下声阻抗underwater acoustics 水声学underwater adhesive 水下胶粘剂underwater adhesive 水下粘合剂underwater appendage 水下附体underwater appendages 水下附件underwater appendages 水下附体Underwater Association 水下技术协会underwater bank 暗滩underwater battery 水下电池underwater blasting 水下爆破underwater body 船体水下部分underwater body 水下部分船体underwater breathing apparatus 水下呼吸装置underwater burying machine 水下埋管机underwater cable 水下电缆underwater camera 水下摄影机underwater corrosion protection 水下防蚀underwater craft 潜艇underwater craft 潜艇潜水艇underwater cutting process 水下切割法underwater cutting wheel 水下切割轮underwater cutting 水下切割underwater damage assessment television system 水下损坏估计电视系统underwater damage 船体水下部分损伤underwater damage 水下部分损伤underwater defense 水下防护underwater detection and classification system 水下探测与分类系统underwater Doppler navigation 水下多普勒导航underwater electrode 水下焊条underwater engineering 水下工程underwater exploration 水下探测underwater explosion shock test 水下爆炸冲击试验underwater fittings 船体水线下装置underwater fittings 水下部分附件underwater fittings 水下附件underwater garbage ejector 水下脏物排出器underwater gravimeter 水下重力仪underwater handling system 水下装卸系统underwater hull 水下部分船体underwater hull 水下船体underwater hydraulic drive unnit 水下液压传动装置underwater hydraulic power pack 水下液力动力装置underwater ice 水下冰underwater illumination 水下照明underwater insppection and maintenance 水下检测与维修underwater jet 水下喷流underwater laser surveying system 水下激光测量系统underwater launching way 水中下水滑道underwater launching way 下水滑道的水下部分underwater launching 水下发射underwater light 水下光源underwater lighting 水下照明underwater log 水下计程仪underwater manifold center 水下歧管中心underwater manipulator 水下机械手welding manipulator 焊件支架underwater monitoring system 水下监测系统underwater navigation 水下航行underwater navigational beacon 水下导航信标underwater object locating 水下物体寻觅定位underwater object locator 水下目标定位器underwater object locator 水下目标定位仪underwater obstruction 水下障碍underwater operation light 水下作业灯underwater operation 水下作业underwater paint 防水漆underwater painting 水下部分涂漆underwater penetration 入水深度underwater photography 水下摄影underwater plasmacutting 水下等离子电弧切割underwater portion 水下部分underwater portion 水下部份underwater power pack 水下动力装置underwater power packs 水下动力机组underwater profile 水下部分侧视图underwater propulsion unit 水下推进装置underwater protection 水下防护underwater protective coating 水下防护涂层underwater repair 水下修理underwater research vehicle 水下考察船厂underwater robot 水下机器人underwater robot 水下拟人机underwater security advance warning 水下安全预警系统underwater ship 潜水船underwater signal 水下信号underwater sonic gear 水下水声装置underwater sound apparatus 水声仪underwater sound communication 水声通信underwater sound laboratory 水声实验室underwater sound laboratory 水声实验室水声研究会Underwater Sound Laboratory 水声研究会underwater sound 水声设备underwater spectrophotometer 水下分光光度计underwater survey 水下测量underwater synchronization 水中同步underwater tanker 潜水油船underwater task light 水下underwater task light 水下作业灯underwater telephone 水下电话underwater television 水下电视underwater torch 水下焊炬underwater towing gears 水下拖曳装置underwater TV equipment 水下电视设备underwater units 水下装置underwater volume 水下部分容积underwater weld 水下焊缝underwater weldability 水下可焊性underwater welding equipment 水下焊接设备underwater welding habitat 水下焊接工作室underwater welding 水下焊underwater welding 水下焊接underwater 水下underwater 水下的underwater 水下的水线以下的underwater 水下的水线以下的水下在水中的underwater 在水中的;水线下的underwater-curing adhesive 水下固化胶粘剂underwatertelephone 水下电话underway lamp 航行灯underway radiated noise 航行辐射噪声underway replenishment capability 航行补给能力underway replenishment ship 航行补给船underway replenishment ship 航行中补给船underway replenishment 航行补给underway transfer rigging 海上补给传送索具underway transfer 航行途中传送underway trial 航行试验underway 航行中的underway 在航underway 在航的underway 在航在航的underweight 不合标准的重量重量不足的underwirter's guarantee 保险人保证书underwriter surveyor 保险验船师underwriter 保险人underwriter 保险商underwriter 承保人underwriter 水上保险商Underwriter's Claims Office 劳氏保险索赔办公室underwriter's guarantee 承保人保证书Underwriters Laboratory Mark 保险人试验标志underwriters pay claims 承保人支付索赔underwriters pay fee 承保人支付费用underwriters pay stamp duty 保险商支付印花税underwriters pay tax 承保人支付税金underwriters 承保人underwriting account 保险帐目underwriting limit 承保限额underwriting office 海上保险办公室underwriting officer 海上保险官员underwriting year 保险业务年度underwriting 保险业海上保险业undetectable 不易被发现的未暴露的undevelopable 不能展开的undisclosed principal 不出面的委托人undissolved 不溶解的undistorted signal 不失真信号undistorted 无畸变的undisturbed stream 未扰动流undisturbed 静止的undisturbed 未扰动的undivided profit 未分配的利润undock 出坞undock 使出坞undock 使出坞驶离码头undocking 出坞undocking 离码头undog 松开undress lumber 非修齐的木材undue delay 不应有的延迟undue 过度的不适当的非法的未到期的undulate 波动undulated clouds 波状云undulating coast 起伏海岸undulating hydrofoil 弹性鳍板undulating light 脉动光undulating motion 波状运动undulating surface 波动面undulatingmotion 波状运动undulation of the geoid 大地水准面的起伏undulation 波动undulation 起伏undulation 起浪undulation 水面波动undulatus 波状云unearned premium 尚未获得的保险费unearned premium 尚未获得的保险费未到期保险费unearned premium 未到期保险费uneasy 不安的不舒服的汹涌的unelastic 非弹性的unemployed shipping 无营运业务的unemployed time 停歇时间unenforceable contract 不可施行的契约unengaged space 空舱位unengaged 有空的unequal angle steel 不等角钢unequal angle 不等角unequal 不等的unequal-angle bar 不等边角钢unequipped 未装备的unerected 未安装的unersigned 签名人在下面签名的UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国科教文组织uneven distribution 不均匀分布uneven keel 首尾吃水不等uneven temperature distribution 不均匀的温度分布uneven wear 单边磨损uneven 凹凸不平的uneven 不平坦的uneven 参差不齐的unexamined 未核实unexamined 未经检查的unexcited 未激励的unexhausted 未用尽的未排过气的unexpected happenings 意外事件unexpected 意外的unexpired term 有效期未满unexpired 未到期的unfair stress 过度应力unfair 不正常的unfairness 不平整unfasten 放松unfasten 解开unfasten 解开;放松unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差;入超unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差入超unfavorable current 逆流unfavorable wind 逆风unfavorable 不利的unfinished voyage 未完航次unfinished 未完工的未精加工的unforeseen circumstances 意外情况unforeseen event 料不到的事unforward 不能发出unfreeze 解冻unfreezing port 不冻港unfreezing 不冻结的unfurl 开unfused root 未熔透焊根unfused toot 未熔透焊根unfused 未熔化的unfused 未溶化的ungated 闭塞的ungeared engine 无减速齿轮的发动机ungeared engine 无减速器发动机ungeared 无齿轮啮合的ungovernable 不可调节的ungraded 不合格的unground 未研磨过的ungrounded 未接地的unguent 油膏润滑油unhandy ship 难操纵船unhandy 不灵巧的unhandy 操作不便的。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixtu re 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixtu re 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单上面已看！construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentationand Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material) age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩。

外企常用英语在外企工作，你应该掌握的英语词汇如果你应聘到了一个有外资背景的公司或者这个公司的很多人都有海外或外资工作背景时，你就一定需要用到一些日常工作交流时候的词汇。

比如我们看一下某主管开会时的发言:小王，请你尽快“Push”一下这件事，按照前期咱们定下来的“Plan”来“follow”这个“case”，每一个“Milestone”都要“Share”出来，你负责的这块工作要充分的“Open”,明天最好和客户做一个“Conference”能够“Face to face”的交流一下。

小李，你的那个“Project”最近有些“Delay”了，这么多“Resource”都分配给你了，还分配给你了那么多“Part time”,作为一个“PM”你应该知道目前这个“Cost”恐怕“Cover”不住这个项目了，你要尽快完成。

最近“Marketing”那边对我们“Team”的要求比较紧，“Sales”他们的业绩也上来了，咱们作为技术部门要坚决做好“Product”的后盾。

请注意，这并不是一个笑话，而是在某些公司每天都在发生的一个最最普通的一个部门会议。

如果你对这些词汇不明白，恐怕这个会议开下来都不知道领导说的是什么。

翻译一下:小王，请你尽快“推动”一下这件事，按照前期咱们定下来的“计划”来“跟踪”这个“事情”，每一个“里程碑”都要“共享”出来，你负责的这块工作要充分的“开放给大家”,明天最好和客户做一个“讨论会”能够“面对面”的交流一下。

小李，你的那个“项目”最近有些“延迟了”了，这么多“资源”都分配给你了，还分配给你了那么多“临时员工”,作为一个“项目经理”你应该知道目前这个“成本”恐怕“包”不住这个项目了，你要尽快完成。

最近“市场部门”那边对我们“团队”的要求比较紧，“销售人员”他们的业绩也上来了，咱们作为技术部门要坚决做好“产品开发”的后盾。

很有意思吧，经常能在公司中看到喜欢中英文混说的领导。

要么本身这个企业就是外企，要么这个领导曾经在外企工作，或者本身就觉得这样说话很酷，但不管是因为什么原因令其进行中英文混说，我们应该尽可能熟悉这些英语词汇，以备不时之需。