浙江省2018届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解提升练八 词义猜测题 含答案

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Week 8TuesdayTask 1:阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（2015·江苏，D)Freedom and ResponsibilityFreedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic。

We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.Some 2，500 years ago Greece discovered freedom。

Before that there was no freedom.There were great civilizations，splendid empires，but no freedom anywhere。

Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies，one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses。

In Greece，in Athens (雅典）,a little city in a little country，there were no helpless masses.And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed，and the unwritten，which must be obeyed if free men live together。

They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted。

2018年高考英语真题试卷（浙江卷）一、听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.（2018•浙江）What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2.（2018•浙江）What can we say about the woman?A. She's generous.B. She's curious.C. She's helpful.3.（2018•浙江）When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4.（2018•浙江）How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5.（2018•浙江）What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.二、听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

6.（2018•浙江）听第6段材料，回答两小题。

（1）What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.（2）What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.7.（2018•浙江）听第7段材料，回答两小题。

阅读理解突破之词义猜测题距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

高考命题取向正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。

但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同语境会有所不同。

能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

在高考阅读理解中，词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况：推测划线单词或短语的含义；推测划线代词指代含义；推测划线句子的含义。

对于推测划线单词或短语的含义，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题；对于推测代词含义，可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义，并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句，弄清逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）来解题；关于推测划线句含义，采用三步法—一定位，返回原文，定位划线句子，理清句子结构；二分析，分析划线句子前后语境，根据关键信息和逻辑关系（因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等）合理推断句意；三比较，比较选项，找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。

新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。

词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。

考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。

在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions” in the la st paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

2０18届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题专练（四)文章来源或读者对象类编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（２018届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题专练（四）文章来源或读者对象类)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为20１8届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解推理判断题专练(四)文章来源或读者对象类的全部内容。

阅读理解推理判断题专练（四）文章来源或读者对象类A(2017·辽宁省部分重点高中第三次联考）Thｏｓｅ wｈo clａiｍ bａnanas ａrｅｆatteｎiｎｇaｒguｅ thａｔｂａnａn ａｓ cause the bｏｄy ｔｏｍake lotｓ of insuｌin （胰岛素), ａｎd insulin ｃauseｓｆat gｒｏwth。

How much ｉnsulin ｗe proｄuce is related tｏｈoｗfast fooｄ becｏmes suga ｒ iｎ ouｒｂｌooｄstream. Ｈow caｎ yoｕｋnoｗｉf food mａkes ａ lot ｏｆ sug ａｒquickly？ The glycemic ｉndex (血糖指数)， or ＧI ｒatiｎg teｌlｓuｓ。

Foｏds wｉｔh GI scｏrｅｓ aｂovｅ 75 aｒe consiｄerｅd hiｇh。

GI fooｄｓ, leadiｎg tｏｆａsteｒsugａr development. Baｎａnａs ｈave ａＧI ｏf ６2, ｗhｉcｈis considｅrｅd ｌｏw.Weight loss can be ａstruggｌe for aｎyoｎe，but it is especiallｙ hard for diabetｉcｓ(糖尿病患者）. A stuｄy ｌookｅｄａt hｏw ｔhｅ staｒch fｒｏｍ uｎｒipe baｎａnas afｆeｃteｄ the weｉght oｆ a group of oｂese ｄｉａｂｅｔics． Afｔeｒ fouｒ weeｋs of ａ dｉet hｉgh in bａｎaｎａs, diaｂetics loｓt ｓignifiｃantly ｍoｒe weighｔthａn ｏn a controｌ dieｔ. Ｔhey alsｏ saw improve ｍents in iｎsｕlin senｓｉｔiviｔy frｏm thｅ banaｎa ｄiet．Ｗhａt’s more， bａnanas hａve been shown to cuｔ riｓks oｆ sｔroｋeｓ, diabetes and caｎｃeｒs (Bananas arｅ thｅｍosｔpoｗerfｕl fruit foｒ lｏｗｅrｉｎg th ｅ rｉsｋ oｆ kｉdney cancer。

根据上下文推断单词的含义——单词词义猜测题一、单词词义猜测题常见的设问方式1. What does the underlined word “...” in the ... paragraph mean / refer to?2. What does the word “...” in Paragraph ... refer to?3. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph ... is closest in meaning to _____.4. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph ... means / can be replaced by _____.5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “...” in Paragraph ...?6. Which of the following best explains “...” underlined in Paragraph ...?二、单词词义猜测题解题技巧单词词义猜测题要求考生理解文章中单词的含义，故正确理解上下文是解题的关键。

除了通过语境进行推断以外，我们还可以采用以下方法：1. 通过定义或解释猜测词义。

用于下定义或解释的单词或短语有or, mean, in other words, be defined as, be described as, be seen as, refer to, that is, that is to say 等。

有些定义或解释是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语从句来表示的。

2. 通过所举例子猜测词义。

用于举例的单词或短语有 like, including, such as, for example, for instance 等。

3. 通过对比关系猜测词义。

“阅读理解＋阅读七选五”提速练(一)(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·浙江温州联考)She'd been a stray (走失的) cat in the warehouse where I worked and was different from other cats we owned. Minx was happy as long as we were around — she would even go sailing with us. If she accidentally scratched us when playing, she would lick (舔) us as if to apologize.There was an old stray cat in our neighborhood and Minx always left some of her dinner for him. Her best friend was a cocker spaniel, and she would wait for the dog each day outside our front gate. When the owner walked the dog, he would wait while they rolled around, played a bit and cleaned each other. At night, she was always happy to wait for her dinner as long as we gave her a touch and a hug.As Minx's delivery due date drew closer she began looking for places to give birth.I cleaned out the bottom of my cupboard, put some rags down and showed her the little bed for her. After a short inspection, Minx purred, rubbed my leg and continued on her way. I thought there would be little chance of its being suitable but I always left the door slightly open like in case.One night soon afterwards, my husband and I had been out late and were chatting in the kitchen when she came in, meowed and ran out again. We thought it strange, but kept talking. Once more she came in, meowed and left. After a third time, we realized she wanted us to follow her. She led us to my cupboard where, with a lot of loud purring, she presented two tiny new kittens. She brought the pair out of the wardrobe and placed them at our feet. She was a very good mother.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35 分）第一节（共10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分25 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century —most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy （识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady. ”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as itsfirst professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters —from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim —were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens ’greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon （名人堂）of English literature would make about as much s ense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.Howdid Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the testof time is extremely difficult to pass. Some60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today acasual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It ’s partly true that Dickens ’style of writing attracted audiencesfrom all walks of life. It ’s partly that his writings rode awave of social, political and scientific progress. But it ’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know w hat mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck madeDickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible —and important for our own culture —to understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature23. What is the author ’s purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strangehabit makessense when y ou consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including thingsthat fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bagsevery year. So many end up in tree branches or along highwaysthat a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts( 收银台) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 citiesin California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to makethe case that their products are not as bad for the planet asmost people assume.Amongthe bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent asmall percentage of all garbage on the ground today.z.x.xk The industry has also taken aim at the product that hasappeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the moreplastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One studyfound that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to bebetter for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists don't dispute （质疑）these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word “headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.26. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more energy.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCAs cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan acentury ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line （装配线）on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were producedthe next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteenmillion of them.Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture:the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car representedwhat it meant to be American —going forward at high speed tofind new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheapcars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage. ”Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.zxx.kThe cars that drove the American Dreamhave helped to createa global ecological disaster. In America the demandfor oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive （过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in abook by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears theworst, but hopes for the best.Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build andexport green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency ofpower in the new century. ”28. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?A. To explain Americans ’love for travelling by car.B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D. To praise the effectiveness of America ’s road system.29. What has the use of cars in America led to?A. Decline of economy.B. Environmental problems.C. A shortage of oil supply.D. A farm-based society.30. What is Friedman ’s attitude towards America ’s future?A. Ambiguous.B. Doubtful.C. Hopeful.D. Tolerant.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

阅读理解专项打破III词义猜测【命题特点】考察依据上下文推想生词和短语实力,突出考察对语境分析和把握实力。

【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…〞probably means____.2. The word “…〞used in paragraph “…〞refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…〞in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…〞5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…〞6. By saying “…〞, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…〞stands for8. The meaning of word “…〞in the passage is related to_____.一．通过定义或说明推想语义有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。

这些修饰成分可以扶植我们推断诞生词语义〔1〕定义句谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define〔下定义〕, represent, signify〔表示，说明〕, constitute〔指。

〕等。

〔2〕说明那么常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is〔to say〕, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面信息加以重复或说明。

2018届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练12套含答案目录一细节理解题二细节理解题三推理判断题四推理判断题五主旨大意题六主旨大意题七词义猜测题八词义猜测题阅读理解综合练(九---十二)阅读理解提升练(一) 细节理解题A(2017·11浙江)There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials,sometimes huge savings.Recycling plastics and aluminum,for instance,uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting(提炼)aluminum.Long before most of us even noticed what we now call “the environment,” Buckminster Fuller said,“Pollution is nothing but the resources(资源)we are not harvesting.We allow them to be left around because we’ve been ignorant of their value.” To take one example,let’s compare the throwaway economy(经济)with a recycling economy as we feed a cat for life.Say your cat weighs 5kg and eats one can of food each day.Each empty can of its food weighs 40g.In a throwaway economy,you would throw away 5,475 cans over the cat’s 15-year lifetime.That’s 219kg of steel—more than a fifth of a ton and more than 40 times the cat’s weight.In a recycling economy,we would make one set of 100 cans to start with,then replace them over and over again with recycled cans.Since almost 3% of the metal is lost during reprocessing,we’d have to make an extra 10 cans each year.But in all,only 150 cans will be used up over the cat’s lifetime—and we’ll still have 100 left over for the next cat.Instead of using up 219kg of steel,we’ve used only 6kg.And becau se the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel,we’ve also achieved the following significant savings:in energy use—47% to 74%;in air pollution—85%;in water pollution—35%;in water use—40%.1.What does Buckminster Fuller say about pollution?A.It is becoming more serious.B.It destroys the environment.C.It benefits the economy.D.It is t he resources yet to be used.2.How many cans will be used up in a cat’s 15-year lifetime in a recycling economy?A.50.B.100.C.150.D.250.3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To promote the idea of recycling.B.To introduce an environmentalist.C.To discuss the causes of pollution.D.To defend the throwaway economy.〚导学号44994000〛B(2017·浙江温州九校高三期末)As Charlotte arrived at the big living room,her mother Sarah and her new stepfather(继父)Robert Graham turned from the window and faced her.We shall never have Mom to ourselves again,Charlotte thought.If only she were just a kid,and could cry wildly in anger on the floor!Instead,she forced a smile.She rushed forward and threw her arms round Sarah and kissed her wildly,knocking her hat crooked(歪的)and making her cry out.“Darling!You’ll knock me down!”“You look great,mom!”Charlotte cried and knew she was shouting.She was hot again,red and untidy and looking like the last kind of girl any man would want to have as a stepdaughter.Her brother Nicholas,however,went to the other extreme.He was so calm that he was positively rude,and Charlotte knew before he started it that he was going to act like a bad schoolboy.“Oh Nicholas,do behave!” Sarah cried.“Robert,they’re showing off!”Although she was laughing,they both heard the little ring of disappointment in her voice,and both knew that they were letting her down.They had surely never had such a difficult moment.It was Robert Graham who saved the situation.He came forward holding out both hands.“I am deeply grateful to you two young peop le.You’ve had Sarah to yourselves for a long time.Thank you for agreeing to share her with me.I know it can’t be easy.”And although this was just the sort of words they would call dull,the sincerity(真诚)gave it a guarantee.They knew he meant what he said.He was indeed thanking them.And by doing so he pulled them back to reality and made them themselves again.4.Upon entering the living room,Charlotte experienced .A.a sudden sense of lossB.a curiosity to see her stepfatherC.an urge to be more polite than NicholasD.a feeling of anger directed at her stepfather5.Sarah found the moment difficult because she was .A.deeply moved by Charlotte’s greetingB.embarrassed by the children’s behaviorC.afraid Nicholas would leave herD.having doubts about remarrying6.The text suggests that Sarah and Robert .A.made the situation difficult on purposeB.found the children’s responses amusingC.cared about the feelings of the childrenD.felt upset about the children’s attitude〚导学号44994001〛C(2016·10月浙江)Suddenly another thought went through Kate’s mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped,that long train,full of passengers,would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master,” Kate thought.But who was to go?She would have to go herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult w ay.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River,a bridge also built of wood,just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away,but there was no footpath across it.She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木) to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing,sometimes on her hands and knees,hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.If she should slip,she would fall between the sleepers,into the rapidly flowing stream.At last—she never knew how long it had taken her—she felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had onlya few minutes left.Unless she reached the station before the express did,many,many lives would be lost.She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.Fortunately thestation-master was standing outside.“The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh,please stop it!” Kate shouted breathlessly.The station-master went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train came into the station.It was not a second too early.7.What did Kate decide to do?A.Stop the express train.B.Check the signal light.C.Meet the passengers.D.Visit the station-master.8.Which of the following words best descri bes Kate’s journey?A.Fruitless.B.Boring.C.Well-planned.D.Risky.9.Why did the station-master turn pale?A.He suddenly fell ill.B.He realized the danger.C.He discovered his mistake.D.He became over-excited.〚导学号44994002〛D(原创)It began to rain yesterday morning and it still hasn’t stopped.Rain suggests gentle.It has not been gentle.The rain barrel,waiting to be attached to the downspout,was knocked over,not to mention a few chairs in the air.The university choir was to be transported to our venue(演出地点)by 4:45 p.m.They would be missing dinner at their dormitory,so one of our choir members prepared both a vegetarian meal as well as a non-vegetarian meal for the 25 singers.Others of us prepared side-dishes.Their bus never arrived for them.In the pouring rain,they had to take the taxi from Hyde Park to a stop near our concert site.Several of our members,dressed in concert dress,drove to the station making several trips to pick up the student singers,and not all of them arrived on the same train.It was amazing to see a numb er of volunteers,dripping wet themselves volunteering again to drive the students back to the university.The beauty of this was seeing everyone giving of themselves.Not only that,but offering to drive the students the distance back to the university,which was not a short commute(通勤).After many phone calls,still not quite certain what happened to arrival bus,but there was a bus waiting to take them back.Hopefully,everything will be in order today.10.What damaged the author’s pl an?A.The heavy rain.B.The heavy snow.C.The strong wind.D.The university choir.11.What did one of the choir members prepare for dinner for the 25 singers?A.Drink and fruit.B.Some snacks.C.Some side-dishes.D.A vegetarian meal and a non-vegetarian meal.12.What’s the most moving in the passage?A.Everything in order.B.The delicious dinner.C.Volunteers’ unselfish help.D.Several trips to the station.13.The underlined phrase “giving of” means in the last paragraph.A.releasingB.dedicatingC.losingD.helping参考答案阅读理解提升练(一) 细节理解题A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

阅读理解提升练(八) 词义猜测题A(2017·山东淄博高二模拟)Botswana is situated in Southern Africa.There are many top-quality places to enjoy your African trip.The Okavango DeltaThe Okavango Delt a (三角洲)is the world’s largest inland delta and is a top spot to visit during your Botswana trip.The whole delta covers an area of 15,000 km2.The Okavango River ends in this area flooding the whole region.Besides the regular flooding,rainfall can drastically increase the size of this water body,up to 22,000 km2.The delta also contains the Moremi Game Reserve (禁猎区) and it is one of the best places to see wildlife.Animals such ashippopotamuses,crocodiles,buffalo,rhinoceroses,elephants and antelopes can be very easily found in the region.There are over 500 species of birds in this area.The Chobe National ParkThe Chobe National Park is situated in Northwest Botswana.It is the third largest park in Bostwana and is famous for its large wildlife population.The Chobe National Park has different animal habitats and it is wonderful to watch these beautiful animals right in front of you.The park is also very famous for its elephants and is considered to be the largest area for elephants in Africa.Apart from the huge elephant population,other wild animals such as lions,leopards,wild dogs,antelopes,hippopotamuses,buffalo and crocodiles can also be seen.The Kalahari Game ReserveThe Central Kalahari Game Reserve is situated in the Kalahari Desert,covering an area of 52,800 k m2.It is the second largest game reserve in the rge areas of trees,bushes and grass are widely spread in this reserve,thus adding to the beauty of the place.The reserve contains a huge concentration of wildlife.Many wild animals including giraffes can be spotted easily there.1.This passage is mainly about .A.the writer’s traveling experience in BotswanaB.some places of top quality to enjoy in BotswanaC.beautiful countries to visit in Southern AfricaD.activities people can do in Southern Africa2.What does the underlined word “drastically” in Paragr aph 2 mean?A.Necessarily.B.Gradually.C.Greatly.D.Hopefully.3.If you want to visit the largest are a for elephants,you should go to .A.the Okavango DeltaB.the Chobe National ParkC.the Moremi Game ReserveD.the Central Kalahari Game Reserve〚导学号44994020〛B(2017·安徽省“皖南八校”二联)An early morning winter storm had brought several inches of snow to my small town in the mountains.Schools were canceled,roads were dangerous and all I wanted to do was to stay in bed.Still,I knew I had to get the day started so I put on warm clothes and walked outside.The snow got all over my shoes.The cold wind dried my lips an d my eyes.My 47-year-old back ached in anticipation (预想) of the shoveling(铲雪) I would have to do if the snow didn’t stop soon.Yet,when I looked out on the white blanket that covered the ground,I couldn’t help but smile a bit.It was so beautiful.It softened the bare trees and hid the dead grass.In the distance I could hear the sound of the snowplow (雪犁) on the road,the barking of a happy dog and the laughter of children playing outside,enjoying their way off from school.The sweet music of that laughter brought back a hundred memories of winters past.I remembered catching snowflakes (雪花) on my tongue,building snowmen,making snow angles,running down hills and always losing snowball fights with first my brothers and then my own children.Standing there in that warm coat of memories made the wind a little less cold and my back a little less sore (疼痛的).I turned up my head,stuck out my tongue and for the first time in years caught a snowflake on it.It tasted so fresh and clean.It tasted like youth,like joy and like love.May you always feel young in spirit,no matter how old or achy your body maybe.May you always delight in the simple joys of life.May you always share your happiness with the hearts of children.And may you always give your love,yourlight,your laughter and your warmth to others even on the coldest days.4.What was the author’s first reaction when he knew it snowed heavily?A.He was upset.B.He was happy.C.He was thankful.D.He was moved.5.What does the author mainly want to tell us with this article?A.Appreciate every snowstorm you spend with your family.B.Snow brings both fun and trouble.C.Memories can change our opinion.D.We should stay young at heart.6.From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1,we can know that “”.A.my back ached because of the cold weatherB.I didn’t want to start my day on such a snowy dayC.my back would ache upon thinking of cleaning up the snowD.the snow didn’t stop and I felt too cold〚导学号44994021〛C(2017·安徽省马鞍山二中、安师大附中高三阶段性测试)Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful,there is a natural desire of us to capture (捕捉) and preserve it—which means,in this day and age,that we are likely to reach for our phones to take a picture.Though this would seem to be an ideal solution,there are two big problems associated with taking pictures.Firstly,we are likely to be so busy taking pictures that we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest encourage us to take a photograph in the first place.And secondly,because we feel the pictures are safely stored on our phones,we never get around to looking at them,so sure are we thatwe’ll get around to them one day.The first person to notice the problems was an English art critic (评论家),John Ruskin.He was a keen traveller who realized that most tourists make a poor job of noticing or remembering the beautiful things they see.He argued that humans have a natural tendency to respond to beauty and desire to have it,but there are better and worse expressions of this desire.At worst,we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs.But,in Ruskin’s eyes,there’s just one thing we should do—attempting to draw the interesting things we see,regardless of whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.Ruskin said,“Drawing can teach us to see,to notice properly rather than gaze absent-mindedly.In the process of recreating with our own hand what lies before our eyes,we naturally move from a position of observing beauty in a loose way to one where we acquire a deep understanding of its parts.”Ruskin deplored the blindness and hurry of modern tourists,especially those who prided themselves on travelling around the whole Europe in a week by train,“No changing of places at a hundred miles an hour will make us stronger,happier,or wiser.There was always more in the world than men could see,if they ever walkedslowly;they will see it no better for going fast.The really precious things are thoughts and sights,not pace.”7.According to Paragraph 2,when taking pictures,people tend to.A.forget to appreciate something attractive on the spotB.find it hard to learn skills of taking good picturesC.find a good way to keep things in their mindsD.have a chance to meet the challenge of new technology8.According to Ruskin,what should travellers do to best express their appreciation and desire for something beautiful?A.To speak it out openly.B.To photograph it instantly.C.To purchase it directl y.D.To paint it immediately.9.From the fourth paragraph,we can infer that Ruskin encourages us to be.A.considerate and determinedB.active and adventurousC.creative and thoughtfulD.sensitive and ambitious10.The underlined word “deplored” in the last paragraph is cl osest in meaning to “”.A.appreciatedB.criticizedC.favouredD.ignored〚导学号44994022〛参考答案阅读理解提升练(八) 词义猜测题A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

... My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring，and later.
Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it.
Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had
【答题微点】 构词法能够不借助阅读上下文便能够大体猜出词义，然后再结合语 境猜测，这样事半功倍，而且具有双重保险，大大提高了解题效率和 正确率。所以我们主张：可以利用构词法的，一定先利用构词法，再 结合语境解题。
4上下文语境助力词义猜测 【经典感悟】
[典例4] [2023·全国甲卷阅读B]Terri Bolton is a__dab__hand when it
comes to DIY (doityourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing
together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do
herself. 24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in Paragraph 1? A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous
crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made

专题15 阅读理解：词意猜测题备考高考英语二轮复习名校最新模拟试题词义猜测（共20小题）1. (云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3?A. NaturallyB. ArtificiallyC. BiologicallyD. Industrially【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。

由第三段“Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles. (虽然香草香精可以在天然香子兰豆提取物中找到，但也可以使用来自汽油的化学物质synthetically香草香精。

易错点16 阅读理解词义猜测题目录01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

易错陷阱1：词义/词组指代易混易错点。

【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足，根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。

平时应当大量积累单词，同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。

易错陷阱2：代词指代猜测易混易错点。

【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。

有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远，应当对前面提到的内容进行总结，认真查找，才能得出代词所指代的事。

易错陷阱3：句意猜测易混易错点。

【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子，充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。

同时分析理解画线句前后的语境，合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。

切不可因为句中出现熟词，而脱离语境，望文生义。

【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题）She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit.What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?A．A basic part.B．A detailed map.C．A building material.D．A major obstacle.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。

答案 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一个保护野生动物的志愿者组织工作,这份工作既有 艰辛痛苦也有拯救生命带来的幸福。请看作者是怎么救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的吧! 1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain”可知,拯救 野生动物的工作有时令人心碎,因为动物不一定能活下来,也就是说可能会徒劳无功,由此可知 答案为A项。 2.C 事实细节题。根据第二段中的 “She had found a young owl on the ground.”和第三段中 的“I examined the chick and it seemed fine.”可知,作者接到一个居住在Muttontown的妇女的电 话,于是赶过来看看这只雏鸟的情况,由此可知答案为C项。 3.A 事实细节题。根据第四段中的描述可知作者给这只雏鸟制作了一个安全舒适的新巢,把 它放进去后,很快它就安静了下来。由此可知答案为A项。 4.B 推理判断题。由最后一段的描述可知,作者回到家,焦急地等待结果,结果是雏鸟的父母被 雏鸟发出的声音吸引了过来,并开始照料它了。它存活下来了。结合第一段中的when it works, it is simply beautiful可知答案为B项。 重点词汇 heartbreaking adj.令人心碎的 survival n.存活,生存 construct vt.建造;构筑 calm down 平静下来 respond toss is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high
school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the

Week 8WednesdayTask 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

(2014·浙江，B)Here is some must－know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.In BrazilBrazilians are warm and friendly.They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder.People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses.Schedules tend to be flexible，with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned.But to be safe，be on time.Meals can stretch for hours—there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon.Brazilians are social，preferring face－to－face communication over emails or phone calls.In SingaporeSingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small，polite bow.Business cards should be offered and received with two hands.Arriving l ate i s c onsidered d isrespectful.So b e o n t ime.Efficiency(效率) i s t hegoal，so m eetings a nd d ealings o ften a re f ast－paced.Singaporeans a re d irect i n t heir discussions，even when the subject is about money.Rank is important and authority is respected.This determines how people interact in meetings.For example，people avoid disagreeing outright with someone of a higher rank.In the United Arab EmiratesIn the UAE，status is important，so the most senior or oldest should be greetedfirst w ith t heir t itles.The h andshake s eems t o b e l onger t han e lsewhere.So d o n ot p ullaway from the handshake.Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress.Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees.People do not avoid entertaining in their homes，but they also hold business meals at restaurants.Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided.When meetings are one－to－one，if your host offers you coffee，you should refuse.It m ight s eem o dd，but i t i s a c ultural t radition.Coffee s hould o nly b e a cceptedif it is already set out or presented.In SwitzerlandThe Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name.They also are respectful of private lives.You should be careful not to ask about personaltopics.Punctuality (守时) is vital，something that comes from a deep respect forothers’time.Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe.They alsohave clear structure in their companies.Higher－ups make the final decisions，evenif others might disagree.Neat，clean dress is expected.The Swiss follow formal table manners.They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off thetable.It is polite to finish the food on your plate.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。