2015-2016年上海市川沙中学南校六下3月月考
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一、单选题1.下列单词中划线部分发音是_________look book zooA. 一种B. 两种C. 三种2.Joe问Alice:“明天天气怎样?”Alice告诉他:A. It's summer.B. It's a rainy day.3.Sarah a film magazine last Saturday.A. boughtB. buys4. Tom in a big house?A. Does…liveB. Does…livesC. Do…lives 5.Did you play football______?A. next MondayB. nowC. last week 6.— do you know that?—My father told me about that.A. WhoB. WhereC. How 7.There were no computers ________ Internet in my time.A. andB. butC. or 8.—Tell me about your old school, please.—A. The bank is on the first floor.B. There was no gym in my time.C. There was a new library in our city.9.I on the Internet.A. looked it upB. looked up itC. look up it 10.scientistA. 长江B. 科学家11.He's ________ excellent football player.A. aB. anC. the12.下列单词中划线部分发音是_________look book zooA. 一种B. 两种C. 三种二、选词填空13.选择正确的单词补全对话。
2015-2016学年上海市川沙中学南校九年级(下)月考数学试卷(3月份)一、选择题(每题4分,满分24分)1.(4分)下列各组数中,互为相反数的是()A.2与B.(﹣1)2与1C.﹣1与(﹣1)2D.2与|﹣2|2.(4分)的结果是()A.B.C.D.23.(4分)地球与月球的距离约为384000千米,这个数据可用科学记数法表示为()A.3.84×104千米B.3.84×105千米C.3.84×106千米D.38.4×104千米4.(4分)如图,反映的是某中学九(3)班学生外出方式(乘车、步行、骑车)的频数(人数)分布直方图(部分)和扇形分布图,那么下列说法正确的是()A.九(3)班外出的学生共有42人B.九(3)班外出步行的学生有8人C.在扇形图中,步行的学生人数所占的圆心角为82D.如果该校九年级外出的学生共有500人,那么估计全年级外出骑车的学生约有140人5.(4分)如图,等腰梯形ABCD中,AB∥DC,AD=BC=8,AB=10,CD=6,则梯形ABCD的面积是()A.B.C.D.6.(4分)把一张长方形的纸片按如图所示的方式折叠,EM、FM为折痕,折叠后的C点落在B′M或B′M的延长线上,那么∠EMF的度数是()A.85°B.90°C.95°D.100°二、填空题(每题4分,满分48分)7.(4分)函数的自变量x的取值范围是.8.(4分)计算﹣(﹣4)=.9.(4分)如果正多边形的中心角是36°,那么这个正多边形的边数是.10.(4分)二次函数y=3x2的图象向下平移3个单位,得到的新的图象的解析式是.11.(4分)在一个不不透明的口袋中装有5个白球,若干个黑球,它们除颜色外其他完全相同,经过多次实验发现摸到白球的频率稳定在0.2附近,则黑球大约有个.12.(4分)不等式3﹣2x>1的解集为.13.(4分)学校在周一举行升国旗仪式,一位同学站在离旗杆20米处(如图),随着国歌响起,五星红旗冉冉升起.当这位同学目视国旗的仰角为37°时(假设该同学的眼睛距离地面的高度为1.6米),国旗距地面约米(结果精确到0.1米).(下列数据供选用:sin37°≈,cos37°≈,tan37°≈,cot37°≈).14.(4分)若两个圆的圆心距为1.5,而两个圆的半径是方程4x2﹣20x+21=0的两个实数根,则这两个圆的位置关系是.15.(4分)在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,点G为重心,AB=12,那么CG=.16.(4分)某公园正在举行郁金香花展,现从红、黄两种郁金香中,各抽出6株,测得它们离地面的高度分别如下(单位cm):红:54、44、37、36、35、34;黄:48、35、38、36、43、40;已知它们的平均高度均是40cm,请判断哪种颜色的郁金香样本长得整齐?.(填“红”或“黄”)17.(4分)如图,⊙M与x轴相切于原点,平行于y轴的直线交⊙M于P、Q两点,P点在Q点的下方.若点P的坐标是(2,1),则圆心M的坐标是.18.(4分)在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AB=10,AC=8,点D是斜边AB的中点,△ABC 绕点C旋转,使得点B落在射线CD上,点A落在点A′,那么AA′的长是.三、解答题(本大题共7小题,78分)19.(10分)计算﹣(﹣2)0﹣|﹣|+2﹣1.20.(10分)解方程:.21.(10分)某住宅小区将现有一块三角形的绿化地改造为一块圆形的绿化地如图1.已知原来三角形绿化地中道路AB长为16米,在点B的拐弯处道路AB与BC所夹的∠B 为45°,在点C的拐弯处道路AC与BC所夹的∠C的正切值为2(即tan∠C=2),如图2.(1)求拐弯点B与C之间的距离;(2)在改造好的圆形(圆O)绿化地中,这个圆O过点A、C,并与原道路BC交于点D,如果点A是圆弧(优弧)道路DC的中点,求圆O的半径长.22.(10分)货车在公路A处加满油后,以每小时60千米的速度匀速行驶,前往与A处相距360千米的B处.下表记录的是货车一次加满油后油箱剩余油量y(升)与行驶时间x (时)之间的关系:(1)如果y关于x的函数是一次函数,求这个函数解析式(不要求写出自变量的取值范围)(2)在(1)的条件下,如果货车的行驶速度和每小时的耗油量都不变,货车行驶4小时后到达C处,C的前方12千米的D处有一加油站,那么在D处至少加多少升油,才能使货车到达B处卸货后能顺利返回会D处加油?(根据驾驶经验,为保险起见,油箱内剩余油量应随时不少于10升)23.(12分)已知:如图,在菱形ABCD中,点E在对角线AC上,点F在BC的延长线上,EF=EB,EF与CD相交于点G.(1)求证:EG•GF=CG•GD;(2)连接DF,如果EF⊥CD,那么∠FDC与∠ADC之间有怎样的数量关系?证明你所得到的结论.24.(12分)如图,在直角坐标平面内,直线y=﹣x+5与x轴和y轴分别交于A、B两点,二次函数y=x2+bx+c的图象经过点A、B,且顶点为C.(1)求这个二次函数的解析式;(2)求sin∠OCA的值;(3)若P是这个二次函数图象上位于x轴下方的一点,且△ABP的面积为10,求点P的坐标.25.(14分)在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,BC=10,tan∠ABC=,点O是AB边上动点,以O为圆心,OB为半径的⊙O与边BC的另一交点为D,过点D作AB的垂线,交⊙O于点E,联结BE、AE(1)当AE∥BC(如图(1))时,求⊙O的半径长;(2)设BO=x,AE=y,求y关于x的函数关系式,并写出定义域;(3)若以A为圆心的⊙A与⊙O有公共点D、E,当⊙A恰好也过点C时,求DE的长.2015-2016学年上海市川沙中学南校九年级(下)月考数学试卷(3月份)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(每题4分,满分24分)1.(4分)下列各组数中,互为相反数的是()A.2与B.(﹣1)2与1C.﹣1与(﹣1)2D.2与|﹣2|【解答】解:A、2+=;B、(﹣1)2+1=2;C、﹣1+(﹣1)2=0;D、2+|﹣2|=4.故选:C.2.(4分)的结果是()A.B.C.D.2【解答】解:原式=2=.故选C.3.(4分)地球与月球的距离约为384000千米,这个数据可用科学记数法表示为()A.3.84×104千米B.3.84×105千米C.3.84×106千米D.38.4×104千米【解答】解:将384000用科学记数法表示为:3.84×105.故选:B.4.(4分)如图,反映的是某中学九(3)班学生外出方式(乘车、步行、骑车)的频数(人数)分布直方图(部分)和扇形分布图,那么下列说法正确的是()A.九(3)班外出的学生共有42人B.九(3)班外出步行的学生有8人C.在扇形图中,步行的学生人数所占的圆心角为82D.如果该校九年级外出的学生共有500人,那么估计全年级外出骑车的学生约有140人【解答】解:A、由题意知乘车的人数是20人,占总人数的50%,所以九(3)班有20÷50%=40人,故此选项错误;B、步行人数为:40﹣12﹣20=8人,故此选项正确;C、步行学生所占的圆心角度数为×360°=72°,故此选项错误;D、如果该中学九年级外出的学生共有500人,那么估计全年级外出骑车的学生约为500×=150人,故此选项错误;故选:B.5.(4分)如图,等腰梯形ABCD中,AB∥DC,AD=BC=8,AB=10,CD=6,则梯形ABCD的面积是()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:过D,C分别作高DE,CF,垂足分别为E,F∵等腰梯形ABCD中,AB∥DC,AD=BC=8,AB=10,CD=6∴DC=EF=6,AE=BF=2∴DE=2∴梯形ABCD的面积=(6+10)×2÷2=16故选:A.6.(4分)把一张长方形的纸片按如图所示的方式折叠,EM、FM为折痕,折叠后的C点落在B′M或B′M的延长线上,那么∠EMF的度数是()A.85°B.90°C.95°D.100°【解答】解:根据图形,可得:∠EMB′=∠EMB,∠FMB′=∠FMC,∵∠FMC+∠FMB′+∠EMB′+∠BME=180°,∴2(∠EMB′+∠FMB′)=180°,∵∠EMB′+∠FMB′=∠FME,∴∠EMF=90°.故选:B.二、填空题(每题4分,满分48分)7.(4分)函数的自变量x的取值范围是x>2.【解答】解:根据题意得,x﹣2>0,解得x>2.故答案为:x>2.8.(4分)计算﹣(﹣4)=+2.【解答】解:﹣(﹣4)=﹣+2=+2.故答案为:+2.9.(4分)如果正多边形的中心角是36°,那么这个正多边形的边数是10.【解答】解:由题意可得:边数为360°÷36°=10,则它的边数是10.故答案为10.10.(4分)二次函数y=3x2的图象向下平移3个单位,得到的新的图象的解析式是y=3x2﹣3.【解答】解:∵原抛物线的顶点为(0,0),二次函数y=2x2的图象向下平移3个单位,∴新抛物线的解析式为(0,﹣3),∴二次函数y=3x2的图象向下平移3个单位后所得函数的解析式是y=3x2﹣3.故答案为:y=3x2﹣3.11.(4分)在一个不不透明的口袋中装有5个白球,若干个黑球,它们除颜色外其他完全相同,经过多次实验发现摸到白球的频率稳定在0.2附近,则黑球大约有20个.【解答】解:设黑球个数为:x个,∵摸到白色球的频率稳定在0.2左右,∴口袋中得到白色球的概率为0.2,∴,解得:x=20,故黑球的个数为20个.故答案为:20.12.(4分)不等式3﹣2x>1的解集为x<1.【解答】解:∵不等式3﹣2x>1,∴x<1.13.(4分)学校在周一举行升国旗仪式,一位同学站在离旗杆20米处(如图),随着国歌响起,五星红旗冉冉升起.当这位同学目视国旗的仰角为37°时(假设该同学的眼睛距离地面的高度为1.6米),国旗距地面约16.6米(结果精确到0.1米).(下列数据供选用:sin37°≈,cos37°≈,tan37°≈,cot37°≈).【解答】解:国旗距地面约为20×tan37°+1.6≈16.6(米).14.(4分)若两个圆的圆心距为1.5,而两个圆的半径是方程4x2﹣20x+21=0的两个实数根,则这两个圆的位置关系是内含.【解答】解:∵4x2﹣20x+21=0,∴(2x﹣3)(2x﹣7)=0,解得:x1=1.5,x2=3.5,∴两圆的半径分别是1.5,3.5,∵两圆的圆心距等于1.5,∴这两个圆的位置关系是:内含.故答案为内含.15.(4分)在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,点G为重心,AB=12,那么CG=4.【解答】解:在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,∵AB=12,∴AB边上的中线是6,∵点G为重心,∴CG=6×=4.故填空答案:4.16.(4分)某公园正在举行郁金香花展,现从红、黄两种郁金香中,各抽出6株,测得它们离地面的高度分别如下(单位cm):红:54、44、37、36、35、34;黄:48、35、38、36、43、40;已知它们的平均高度均是40cm,请判断哪种颜色的郁金香样本长得整齐?黄.(填“红”或“黄”)【解答】解:红颜色的郁金香的方差是:[(54﹣40)2+(44﹣40)2+(37﹣40)2+(36﹣40)2+(35﹣40)2+(34﹣40)2]≈49.67,黄颜色的郁金香的方差是:[(48﹣40)2+(35﹣40)2+(38﹣40)2+(36﹣40)2+(43﹣40)2+(40﹣40)2]≈29.67,∵S2红>S2黄,∴黄颜色的郁金香样本长得整齐;故答案为:黄.17.(4分)如图,⊙M与x轴相切于原点,平行于y轴的直线交⊙M于P、Q两点,P点在Q点的下方.若点P的坐标是(2,1),则圆心M的坐标是(0,2.5).【解答】解:连接MP,过P作P A⊥y轴于A,设M点的坐标是(0,b),且b>0,∵P A⊥y轴,∴∠P AM=90°,∴AP2+AM2=MP2,∴22+(b﹣1)2=b2,解得b=2.5,故答案是(0,2.5).18.(4分)在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AB=10,AC=8,点D是斜边AB的中点,△ABC绕点C旋转,使得点B落在射线CD上,点A落在点A′,那么AA′的长是.【解答】解:设AC与A′B′的交点为E,如图,∵∠C=90°,AB=10,AC=8,∴BC==6,∵点D是斜边AB的中点,∴DC=DB,∴∠DCB=∠B,∵△ABC绕点C旋转,使得点B落在射线CD上,点A落在点A′,∴∠B=∠B′,CA=CA′=8,AB=A′B′=10,∠ACB=∠A′CB′=90°,∴∠B′=∠DCB,∴A′B′∥BC,而∠ACB=90°,∴A′B′⊥AC,CE•A′B′=A′C•CB′,∴CE=,∴AE=AC﹣CE=8﹣=,在Rt△A′CE中,A′E==,在Rt△AA′E中,AA′===;故答案为:.三、解答题(本大题共7小题,78分)19.(10分)计算﹣(﹣2)0﹣|﹣|+2﹣1.【解答】解:原式=+1﹣1﹣2+=﹣.20.(10分)解方程:.【解答】解:,由②得,x﹣y=0,x﹣2y=0,把这两个方程与①组成方程组得,,,解得,.故方程组的解为:,.21.(10分)某住宅小区将现有一块三角形的绿化地改造为一块圆形的绿化地如图1.已知原来三角形绿化地中道路AB长为16米,在点B的拐弯处道路AB与BC所夹的∠B 为45°,在点C的拐弯处道路AC与BC所夹的∠C的正切值为2(即tan∠C=2),如图2.(1)求拐弯点B与C之间的距离;(2)在改造好的圆形(圆O)绿化地中,这个圆O过点A、C,并与原道路BC交于点D,如果点A是圆弧(优弧)道路DC的中点,求圆O的半径长.【解答】解:(1)作AE⊥BC于E,∵∠B=45°,∴AE=AB•sin45°=16×=16,∴BE=AE=16,∵tan∠C=2,∴=2,∴EC==8,∴BC=BE+EC=16+8=24;(2)连接AD,∵点A是圆弧(优弧)道路DC的中点,∴∠ADC=∠C,∴AD=AC,∴AE垂直平分DC,∴AE经过圆心,设圆O的半径为r,∴OE=16﹣r,在RT△OEC中,OE2+EC2=OC2,即(16﹣r)2+82=r2,解得r=10,∴圆O的半径为10.22.(10分)货车在公路A处加满油后,以每小时60千米的速度匀速行驶,前往与A处相距360千米的B处.下表记录的是货车一次加满油后油箱剩余油量y(升)与行驶时间x (时)之间的关系:(1)如果y关于x的函数是一次函数,求这个函数解析式(不要求写出自变量的取值范围)(2)在(1)的条件下,如果货车的行驶速度和每小时的耗油量都不变,货车行驶4小时后到达C处,C的前方12千米的D处有一加油站,那么在D处至少加多少升油,才能使货车到达B处卸货后能顺利返回会D处加油?(根据驾驶经验,为保险起见,油箱内剩余油量应随时不少于10升)【解答】解:(1)把5组数据在直角坐标系中描出来,这5个点在一条直线上,所以y与x 满足一次函数关系,设y=kx+b,(k≠0)则,解得:,∴y=﹣30x+150.(2)设在D处至少加W升油,根据题意得:150﹣4×30﹣×30+W≥×30×2+10 (3分)即:150﹣120﹣6+W≥118解得W≥94,答:D处至少加94升油,才能使货车到达灾区B地卸物后能顺利返回D处加油.23.(12分)已知:如图,在菱形ABCD中,点E在对角线AC上,点F在BC的延长线上,EF=EB,EF与CD相交于点G.(1)求证:EG•GF=CG•GD;(2)连接DF,如果EF⊥CD,那么∠FDC与∠ADC之间有怎样的数量关系?证明你所得到的结论.【解答】(1)证明:连接ED,(1分)∵点E在菱形ABCD的对角线AC上,∴∠ECB=∠ECD,(2分)∵BC=CD,CE=CE,∴△BCE≌△DCE;(3分)∴∠EDC=∠EBC,(4分)∵EB=EF,∴∠EBC=∠EFC;(5分)∴∠EDC=∠EFC;(6分)∵∠DGE=∠FGC,∴△DGE∽△FGC;(7分)∴=,∴EG•GF=CG•GD;(8分)(2)解:∠ADC=2∠FDC.(9分)证明如下:∵=,∠DGF=∠EGC,∴△CGE∽△FGD;(10分)∵EF⊥CD,DA=DC,∴∠DAC=∠DCA=∠DFG=90°﹣∠FDC,(11分)∴∠ADC=180°﹣2∠DAC=180°﹣2(90°﹣∠FDC)=2∠FDC.(12分)24.(12分)如图,在直角坐标平面内,直线y=﹣x+5与x轴和y轴分别交于A、B两点,二次函数y=x2+bx+c的图象经过点A、B,且顶点为C.(1)求这个二次函数的解析式;(2)求sin∠OCA的值;(3)若P是这个二次函数图象上位于x轴下方的一点,且△ABP的面积为10,求点P的坐标.【解答】解:(1)由直线y=﹣x+5得点B(0,5),A(5,0),将A、B两点的坐标代入y=x2+bx+c,得,解得,∴抛物线的解析式为y=x2﹣6x+5;(2)如图,过点C作CH⊥x轴交x轴于点H.由(1)知,抛物线的解析式为:y=x2﹣6x+5,则配方得y=(x﹣3)2﹣4,∴点C(3,﹣4),∴CH=4,AH=2,AC=,∴OC=5.∵OA=5,∴∠OAC=∠OCA,∴sin∠OCA=;(3)如图,过P点作PQ⊥x轴并延长交直线y=﹣x+5于Q.设点P(m,m2﹣6m+5),Q(m,﹣m+5),则PQ=﹣m+5﹣(m2﹣6m+5)=﹣m2+5m.∵S△ABP=S△PQB+S△PQA=PQ•OA,∴,∴m1=1,m2=4,∴P(1,0)(舍去),P(4,﹣3).25.(14分)在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,BC=10,tan∠ABC=,点O是AB边上动点,以O为圆心,OB为半径的⊙O与边BC的另一交点为D,过点D作AB的垂线,交⊙O于点E,联结BE、AE(1)当AE∥BC(如图(1))时,求⊙O的半径长;(2)设BO=x,AE=y,求y关于x的函数关系式,并写出定义域;(3)若以A为圆心的⊙A与⊙O有公共点D、E,当⊙A恰好也过点C时,求DE的长.【解答】解:(1)过点O作OG⊥BD于G,设AB与DE的交点为F,如图(1),∵OG⊥BD于G,∵DE⊥AB,∴EF=DF,∵AE∥BC,∴∠AEF=∠BDF.在△AEF和△BDF中,,∴△AEF≌△BDF,∴AE=BD.∵∠BFD=∠BAC=90°,∴DE∥AC.∵AE∥BC,∴四边形AEDC是平行四边形,∴AE=DC,∴BD=DC=BC=5,∴BG=DG=BD=.在Rt△BGO中,tan∠OBG==,∴OG=BG=×=,∴OB===,∴⊙O的半径长为;(2)过点A作AH⊥BC于H,如图(2),在Rt△BAC中,tan∠ABC==,设AC=3k,则AB=4k,∴BC=5k=10,∴k=2,∴AC=6,AB=8,∴AH===,∴BH===,∴HC=BC﹣BH=10﹣=.∵AB⊥DE,∴根据垂径定理可得DF=EF,∴AB垂直平分DE,∴AE=AD.在Rt△BGO中,tan∠OBG==,∴OG=BG,∴OB===BG=x,∴BG=x,∴BD=2BG=,∴DH=BH﹣BD=﹣x,∴y=AE=AD====(0<x≤);(3)①若点D在H的左边,如图(2),∵AD=AC,AH⊥DC,∴DH=CH=,∴BD=BH﹣DH=﹣=.在Rt△BFD中,tan∠FBD==,∴BF=DF,∴BD===DF=,∴DF=,∴DE=2DF=;②若点D在H的右边,则点D与点C重合,∴BD=BC=10,∴DF=10,∴DF=6,∴DE=2DF=12.综上所述:当⊙A恰好也过点C时,DE的长为或12.。
2015-2016学年上海市浦东新区川沙中学高一(上)期中数学试卷一、填空题(共12小题).1.设全集U={x|﹣2<x<4},集合A={x|﹣1<x<4},则∁U A=.2.命题“如果x∈A或x∈B,那么x∈(A∪B)”的逆否命题是.3.不等式的解集为.4.满足{0,1}⊆P⊆{0,1,2,3,4,5}的集合P的个数是.5.若集合A={x|(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0}有且仅有两个子集,则实数k的值是.6.已知偶函数f(x)在[0,+∞)单调递减,f(2)=0,若f(x﹣1)>0,则x的取值范围是.7.若关于x的不等式|ax+2|<6的解集为(﹣1,2),则实数a的值等于.8.若关于x的不等式mx2+6mx+m+8≤0的解集为空集,则实数m的取值范围是.9.已知集合A={x|<1},集合B={x|mx﹣1>0},若A∪B=A,则实数m的取值范围是.10.已知函数f(x)=是R上的减函数,则a的取值范围是.11.已知a,b均为正数,且a2+b2=1,则a的最大值为.12.若关于x的不等式(2x﹣1)2<ax2的解集中整数解恰有3个,则实数a的取值范围是.二、选择题(3×4=12)13.“x+1>0”是“x>0”成立的()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件 D.既非充分又非必要条件14.下面四组函数中f(x)与g(x)表示同一函数的是()A.f(x)=1,g(x)=x0B.f(x)=x,g(x)=C.f(x)=x,g(x)=()2D.f(x)=|x|,g(t)=15.已知a、b∈R,且ab≠0,则下列结论恒成立的是()A.a+b≥2B. +≥2 C.|+|≥2 D.a2+b2>2ab16.在整数集Z中,被5所除得余数为k的所有整数组成一个“类”,记为[k],即[k]={5n+k|n ∈Z},k=0,1,2,3,4;给出四个结论:(1)2015∈[0];(2)﹣3∈[3];(3)Z=[0]∪[1]∪[2]∪[3]∪[4];(4)“整数a,b 属于同一“类”的充要条件是“a﹣b∈[0]”.其中正确结论的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个三、解答题(8+8+10+12+14=52)17.设A={﹣4,2a﹣1,a2},B={9,a﹣5,1﹣a},若A∩B={9},求实数a的值.18.设函数y=的定义域为集合A,集合B={x||x﹣3|<a,x∈R},其中a∈R.(1)若a=4,求B∩∁U A;(2)若A∩B=B,求实数a的取值范围.19.先阅读下列不等式的证法,再解决后面的问题:已知a1,a2∈R,a1+a2=1,求证a12+a22,证明:构造函数f(x)=(x﹣a1)2+(x﹣a2)2=2x2﹣2x+a12+a22因为对一切x∈R,恒有f(x)≥0,所以△=4﹣8(a12+a22)≤0,从而得a12+a22,(1)若a1,a2,…,a n∈R,a1+a2+…+a n=1,请写出上述结论的推广式;(2)参考上述解法,对你推广的结论加以证明.20.市场上有一种新型的强力洗衣液,特点是去污速度快.已知每投放a(1≤a≤4,且a ∈R)个单位的洗衣液在一定量水的洗衣机中,它在水中释放的浓度y(克/升)随着时间x(分钟)变化的函数关系式近似为y=a•f(x),其中f(x)=.若多次投放,则某一时刻水中的洗衣液浓度为每次投放的洗衣液在相应时刻所释放的浓度之和.根据经验,当水中洗衣液的浓度不低于4(克/升)时,它才能起到有效去污的作用.(1)当一次投放a=4个单位的洗衣液时,求在2分钟时,洗衣液在水中释放的浓度.(2)在(1)的情况下,即一次投放4个单位的洗衣液,则有效去污时间可达几分钟?(3)若第一次投放2个单位的洗衣液,6分钟后再投放2个单位的洗衣液,请你写出第二次投放之后洗衣液在水中释放的浓度y(克/升)与时间x(分钟)的函数关系式,求出最低浓度,并判断接下来的四分钟是否能够持续有效去污.21.已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+1和函数g(x)=,(1)若f(x)为偶函数,试判断g(x)的奇偶性;(2)若方程g(x)=x有两个不等的实根x1,x2(x2<x2),则①试判断函数f(x)在区间(﹣1,1)上是否具有单调性,并说明理由;②若方程f(x)=0的两实根为x3,x4(x3<x4)求使x1<x2<x3<x4成立的a的取值范围.2015-2016学年上海市浦东新区川沙中学高一(上)期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题(共12小题,每小题3分,满分36分)1.设全集U={x|﹣2<x<4},集合A={x|﹣1<x<4},则∁U A={x|﹣2<x≤﹣1} .【考点】补集及其运算.【分析】由全集U,以及A,求出A的补集即可.解:全集U={x|﹣2<x<4},集合A={x|﹣1<x<4},则∁U A={x|﹣2<x≤﹣1},故答案为:{x|﹣2<x≤﹣1}.2.命题“如果x∈A或x∈B,那么x∈(A∪B)”的逆否命题是“如果x∉(A∪B),那么x∉A且x∉B”.【考点】四种命题.【分析】由原命题和逆否命题的关系可得.解:∵原命题为“如果x∈A或x∈B,那么x∈(A∪B)”,∴其逆否命题为“如果x∉(A∪B),那么x∉A且x∉B”.故答案为:“如果x∉(A∪B),那么x∉A且x∉B”3.不等式的解集为(﹣∞,0)∪[1,+∞).【考点】其他不等式的解法.【分析】化简不等式为分式不等式,然后转化为二次不等式解答即可.解:不等式,可化为,即:x(1﹣x)≤0且x≠0解得x<0或x≥1故答案为:(﹣∞,0)∪[1,+∞)4.满足{0,1}⊆P⊆{0,1,2,3,4,5}的集合P的个数是16.【考点】集合的包含关系判断及应用.【分析】易知0,1∈P,2,3,4,5可在或不在集合P中,从而求P的个数.解:∵{0,1}⊆P⊆{0,1,2,3,4,5},∴0,1∈P,2,3,4,5可在或不在集合P中,∴集合P的个数是24=16,故答案为:16.5.若集合A={x|(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0}有且仅有两个子集,则实数k的值是﹣1或﹣.【考点】子集与真子集.【分析】只要集合A只含有一个元素,即(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0只有一个根或两个重根即可.需要分类讨论:①当k+1=0时,原方程化为一次方程.②当k+1≠0时,原方程是一元二次方程.解:∵A={x|(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0}有且仅有两个子集,∴集合A中只有一个元素①当k+1=0时,k=﹣1,∴方程(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0化为x+1=0,∴x=﹣1,∴A={﹣1}满足题意②当k+1≠0时,对于方程(k+1)x2+x﹣k=0有两个相同的根,∴△=1﹣4(k+1)(﹣k)=0∴k=﹣,故k=﹣1或﹣6.已知偶函数f(x)在[0,+∞)单调递减,f(2)=0,若f(x﹣1)>0,则x的取值范围是(﹣1,3).【考点】函数奇偶性的性质;函数单调性的性质.【分析】根据函数奇偶性和单调性之间的关系将不等式等价转化为f(|x﹣1|)>f(2),即可得到结论.解:∵偶函数f(x)在[0,+∞)单调递减,f(2)=0,∴不等式f(x﹣1)>0等价为f(x﹣1)>f(2),即f(|x﹣1|)>f(2),∴|x﹣1|<2,解得﹣1<x<3,故答案为:(﹣1,3)7.若关于x的不等式|ax+2|<6的解集为(﹣1,2),则实数a的值等于﹣4.【考点】绝对值不等式.【分析】关于x的不等式|ax+2|<6的解集根据公式应该是﹣6<ax+2<6;再对a进行讨论,a=0时,显然不合题意;a>0时,<x<即满足=2且=﹣1,显然矛盾;当a<0时,解为,从而易得a=﹣4.解:关于x的不等式|ax+2|<6的解集根据公式应该是﹣6<ax+2<6;这时,当a=0时,显然不合题意;当a>0时,<x<,根据不等式|ax+2|<6的解集为(﹣1,2),即满足=2且=﹣1,显然矛盾;当a<0时,解为,根据不等式|ax+2|<6的解集为(﹣1,2),即满足=﹣1且=2,解得a=﹣4综上所述,答案为:a=﹣4.8.若关于x的不等式mx2+6mx+m+8≤0的解集为空集,则实数m的取值范围是[0,1).【考点】一元二次不等式的解法.【分析】mx2+6mx+m+8≤≤0的解集为空集⇔mx2+6mx+m+8>0恒成立,对m分类讨论即可.解:∵关于x的不等式mx2+6mx+m+8≤0的解集为空集,∴mx2+6mx+m+8>0恒成立,当m=0时,有8>0,恒成立;当m≠0时,有,解得0<m<1,综上所述,实数k的取值范围是0≤m<1.故答案为:[0,1).9.已知集合A={x|<1},集合B={x|mx﹣1>0},若A∪B=A,则实数m的取值范围是m≤.【考点】集合的包含关系判断及应用.【分析】由<1,化为:>0,即(x﹣1)(x﹣3)>0,可得:集合A={x|x<1或x>3},对于集合B={x|mx﹣1>0},对m分类讨论,利用A∪B=A即可得出.解:由<1,化为:>0,即(x﹣1)(x﹣3)>0,解得x>3,或x<1.∴集合A={x|x<1或x>3},对于集合B={x|mx﹣1>0},当m=0时,B=∅,满足A∪B=A.当m>0时,解得x,∵A∪B=A,∴≥3,解得0<m≤;当m<0时,解得x,∵A∪B=A,∴≤1,解得m<0.综上可得:m≤.故答案为:m≤.10.已知函数f(x)=是R上的减函数,则a的取值范围是0<a<2.【考点】函数单调性的性质.【分析】要满足题意,两段都要减,且当x=1时的值,第一段要不小于第二段,解不等式可得.解:由题意可得,解得0<a<2故答案为:0<a<211.已知a,b均为正数,且a2+b2=1,则a的最大值为.【考点】基本不等式.【分析】得到4a2+b2=4,根据不等式的性质通过放大不等式求出最大值即可.解:∵a,b均为正数,且a2+b2=1,∴4a2+b2=4,∴a=•2a•≤•=,当且仅当4a2=b2+1即a=,b=时“=”成立,故答案为:.12.若关于x的不等式(2x﹣1)2<ax2的解集中整数解恰有3个,则实数a的取值范围是(,] .【考点】一元二次不等式的解法.【分析】由题意,原不等式转化为[(+2)x﹣1][(﹣2)x+1]>0,得到a的解集,由解集中的整数恰有3个,且为1,2,3,得到a的不等式,解不等式可得a的范围.解:由题知,a>0 则(2x﹣1)2<ax2即为ax2﹣(2x﹣1)2>0.即(x+2x﹣1)(x﹣2x+1)>0,即[(+2)x﹣1][(﹣2)x+1]>0,由于+2>0,而不等式的解答中恰有3个整数解,故必有﹣2<0,即必有a<4,所以不等式可变为[(+2)x﹣1][(2﹣)x﹣1]<0,解得<x<,又0<<1,结合解集中恰有两个整数,即为1,2,3可得3<≤4,解得<a≤.所以a的取值范围为(,].故答案为:(,].二、选择题(3×4=12)13.“x+1>0”是“x>0”成立的()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件 D.既非充分又非必要条件【考点】必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断.【分析】由x+1>0,解得x>﹣1,即可判断出结论.解:由x+1>0,解得x>﹣1,∴“x+1>0”是“x>0”成立必要不充分条件.故选:B.14.下面四组函数中f(x)与g(x)表示同一函数的是()A.f(x)=1,g(x)=x0B.f(x)=x,g(x)=C.f(x)=x,g(x)=()2D.f(x)=|x|,g(t)=【考点】判断两个函数是否为同一函数.【分析】可通过求f(x),g(x)的定义域,以及比较f(x),g(x)的对应法则,从而可判断f(x),g(x)是否为同一函数,从而找出正确选项.解:A.f(x)的定义域为R,g(x)的定义域为{x|x≠0},∴f(x),g(x)不是同一函数;B.f(x)=x,,对应法则不同不是同一函数;C.,对应法则不同,不是同一函数;D.,定义域和对应法则都相同,是同一函数.故选D.15.已知a、b∈R,且ab≠0,则下列结论恒成立的是()A.a+b≥2B. +≥2 C.|+|≥2 D.a2+b2>2ab【考点】基本不等式.【分析】利用基本不等式的性质即可得出.解:对于A,B,没有给出a、b∈R+,因此不一定成立,故不正确;C.若,则.∴=2,当且仅当a=b时取等号;同理时也成立.因此正确.D.∵a2+b2≥2ab,∴a2+b2>2ab不一定成立.综上可知:只有C正确.故选:C.16.在整数集Z中,被5所除得余数为k的所有整数组成一个“类”,记为[k],即[k]={5n+k|n ∈Z},k=0,1,2,3,4;给出四个结论:(1)2015∈[0];(2)﹣3∈[3];(3)Z=[0]∪[1]∪[2]∪[3]∪[4];(4)“整数a,b属于同一“类”的充要条件是“a﹣b∈[0]”.其中正确结论的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个【考点】元素与集合关系的判断.【分析】根据新定义,对每一项进行判断即可.解:∵2015÷5=403…0,∴2015∈[0],故(1)正确;∵﹣3=5×(﹣1)+2,∴﹣3∉[3],故(2)错误;∵整数集中的数被5除的数可以且只可以分成五类,故Z=[0]∪[1]∪[2]∪[3]∪[4],故(3)正确;∵整数a,b属于同一“类”,∴整数a,b被5除的余数相同,从而a﹣b被5除的余数为0,反之也成立,故“整数a,b属于同一“类”的充要条件是“a﹣b∈[0]”.故(4)正确.故选C.三、解答题(8+8+10+12+14=52)17.设A={﹣4,2a﹣1,a2},B={9,a﹣5,1﹣a},若A∩B={9},求实数a的值.【考点】交集及其运算.【分析】由题意A∩B={9},确定A中a的值,然后验证集合B即可.解:由题意可知,2a﹣1=9或a2=9;所以a=5或±3并且a﹣5≠﹣4,1﹣a≠﹣4(要是等于的话,A交B就不仅是{9}了)a≠5,1由集合的定义可知2a﹣1≠﹣4,a﹣5≠9,1﹣a≠9,a﹣5≠1﹣a,2a﹣1≠a2故a≠﹣1.5,14,﹣8,3,1所以a=﹣318.设函数y=的定义域为集合A,集合B={x||x﹣3|<a,x∈R},其中a∈R.(1)若a=4,求B∩∁U A;(2)若A∩B=B,求实数a的取值范围.【考点】交、并、补集的混合运算.【分析】(1)分别求出求出集合A、B,根据交集和补集的即可求出答案.(2)由A∩B=B,得到B⊆A,分a≤0时,B=∅,满足B⊆A,a>0,两种情况讨论,分别由子集的关系列出不等式求出a的范围.解:(1)y=的定义域为集合A,∴﹣1>0,解得﹣4<x<5,∴A=(﹣4,5),∴∁U A=(﹣∞,﹣4]∪[5,+∞),当a=4时,|x﹣3|<4,解得﹣1<x<7,∴B=(﹣1,7),∴B∩∁U A=[5,7);(2)∵A∩B=B,∴B⊆A,当a≤0时,B=∅,满足B⊆A,当a>0,|x﹣3|<a,解得﹣a+3<x<a+3,∴B=(﹣a+3,a+3),∴,解得0<a≤2,综上所述a的取值范围为(﹣∞,2].19.先阅读下列不等式的证法,再解决后面的问题:已知a1,a2∈R,a1+a2=1,求证a12+a22,证明:构造函数f(x)=(x﹣a1)2+(x﹣a2)2=2x2﹣2x+a12+a22因为对一切x∈R,恒有f(x)≥0,所以△=4﹣8(a12+a22)≤0,从而得a12+a22,(1)若a1,a2,…,a n∈R,a1+a2+…+a n=1,请写出上述结论的推广式;(2)参考上述解法,对你推广的结论加以证明.【考点】归纳推理;不等式的证明.【分析】(1)由已知中已知a1,a2∈R,a1+a2=1,求证a12+a22,及整个式子的证明过程,我们根据归纳推理可以得到一个一般性的公式,若a1,a2,…,a n∈R,a1+a2+…+a n=1,则a12+a22+…+a n2≥.(2)但此公式是由归纳推理得到的,其正确性还没有得到验证,观察已知中的证明过程,我们可以类比对此公式进行证明.解:(1)若a1,a2,…,a n∈R,a1+a2+…+a n=1,求证:a12+a22+…+a n2≥(2)证明:构造函数f(x)=(x﹣a1)2+(x﹣a2)2+…+(x﹣a n)2x+a12+a22+…+a n2=nx2﹣2(a1+a2+…+a n)=nx2﹣2x+a12+a22+…+a n2因为对一切x∈R,都有f(x)≥0,所以△=4﹣4n(a12+a22+…+a n2)≤0从而证得:a12+a22+…+a n2≥20.市场上有一种新型的强力洗衣液,特点是去污速度快.已知每投放a(1≤a≤4,且a ∈R)个单位的洗衣液在一定量水的洗衣机中,它在水中释放的浓度y(克/升)随着时间x (分钟)变化的函数关系式近似为y=a•f(x),其中f(x)=.若多次投放,则某一时刻水中的洗衣液浓度为每次投放的洗衣液在相应时刻所释放的浓度之和.根据经验,当水中洗衣液的浓度不低于4(克/升)时,它才能起到有效去污的作用.(1)当一次投放a=4个单位的洗衣液时,求在2分钟时,洗衣液在水中释放的浓度.(2)在(1)的情况下,即一次投放4个单位的洗衣液,则有效去污时间可达几分钟?(3)若第一次投放2个单位的洗衣液,6分钟后再投放2个单位的洗衣液,请你写出第二次投放之后洗衣液在水中释放的浓度y(克/升)与时间x(分钟)的函数关系式,求出最低浓度,并判断接下来的四分钟是否能够持续有效去污.【考点】分段函数的应用.【分析】(1)根据条件建立函数关系即可得到结论.(2)根据(1)的表达式,解不等式即可.(3)根据条件建立第二次投放之后洗衣液在水中释放的浓度y(克/升)与时间x(分钟)的函数关系式,结合基本不等式的应用进行求解即可.解:(1)∵a=4,∴y=4•f(x)=.当x=2时,y=﹣4=﹣4=(2)则由(1)知,当0≤x≤4时,由,解得x≥0,所以此时0≤x≤4.当4<x≤10时,由20﹣2x≥4,解得x≤8,所以此时4<x≤8.综上,得0≤x≤8,若一次投放4个单位的洗衣液,则有效去污时间可达8分钟.(3)当6≤x≤10时,y=2×(5﹣)+2[]=(14﹣x)+﹣6,∵14﹣x∈[4,8],∴y=(14﹣x)+﹣6≥2﹣6=8﹣6,当且仅当14﹣x=,即x=14﹣4时取等号,∴y有最小值8﹣6≈5.2>4,∴接下来的四分钟能够持续有效去污.令8﹣a﹣4≥4,解得24﹣16≤a≤4.21.已知二次函数f(x)=ax2+bx+1和函数g(x)=,(1)若f(x)为偶函数,试判断g(x)的奇偶性;(2)若方程g(x)=x有两个不等的实根x1,x2(x2<x2),则①试判断函数f(x)在区间(﹣1,1)上是否具有单调性,并说明理由;②若方程f(x)=0的两实根为x3,x4(x3<x4)求使x1<x2<x3<x4成立的a的取值范围.【考点】二次函数的性质.【分析】(1)若f(x)为偶函数,则b=0此时g(x)=满足g(﹣x)=﹣g(x)为奇函数;(2)①由g(x)=x得有不等实根,整理后得一二次方程,故可得△>0,其为一关于a,b的关系式,从中整理得出对称轴的范围,知其不在区间(﹣1,1)上,故可证得函数在区间(﹣1,1)上具有单调性.②方程f(x)=0为一二次函数其两实根为x3,x4(x3<x4),若x3<x1<x2<x4成立,即x1,x2在两根之间,可由根的分布的相关知识将这一关系转化为不等式,解出a的范围解:(1)若f(x)为偶函数,则f(﹣x)=f(x),即ax2﹣bx+1=ax2+bx+1,解得:b=0,此时g(x)=满足g(﹣x)=﹣g(x),即g(x)为奇函数;(2)①由g(x)=x得方程a2x2+bx+1=0(*)有不等实根∴△=b2﹣4a2>0及a≠0得|﹣|>1即﹣<﹣1或﹣>1又f(x)的对称轴x=﹣∉(﹣1,1)故f(x)在(﹣1,1)上是单调函数②x1,x2是方程(*)的根,∴a2x12+bx1+1=0∴bx1=﹣a2x12﹣1,同理bx2=﹣a2x22﹣1∴f(x1)=ax12+bx1+1=ax12﹣a2x12=(a﹣a2)x12同理f(x2)=(a﹣a2)x22要使x3<x1<x2<x4,只需,即,∴a>1 或,即,解集为φ故a的取值范围a>1。
2016上海市市辖区浦东新区上海市川沙中学南校预初月测试题一、英译单词((共5分,每小题1分))1.(1分)The teacher drew a map of ____ /'eɪʒə/ on the blackboard.2.(1分)I had lived two doors away from this supermarket for ____ /'sevrəl/ years.3.(1分)We also call the Spring ____ /'festɪvl/ Chinese New Year.4.(1分)He is ____ /'feɪməs/ for his paintings.5.(1分)There are many ____ /ˈtrɒliz/ at the entrance of the supermarket.二、单项选择((共15分,每小题1分))6.(1分)There'll be ____ exhibition about education in the USA in ____ capital of Singapore.A. a, aB. an, theC. a, theD. an,/7.(1分)____ are we going to travel to Beijing, by plane or by train?A. WhatB. WhereC. HowD. Which8.(1分)Animals usually can't live ____ water.A. withB. withoutC. forD. of9.(1分)My aunt left ____ Australia to have a trip last Sunday.A. inB. forC. toD. at10.(1分)Many boys enjoy ____ computer games.A. playingB. playC. playedD. to play11.(1分)Jack, where did you ____ your umbrella yesterday? I can't find it now.A. leftB. forgotC. leaveD. forget12.(1分)____ useful advice my teacher gave me!A. HowB. What aC. What anD. What13.(1分)Beijing is ____ Shanghai.A. in the north-west ofB. north-west ofC. to north-west ofD. west-north of14.(1分)He'd rather ____ this coming Friday.A. comeB. to comeC. comingD. will come15.(1分)My father's job is ____ our city a safe place. He is a policeman.A. to makeB. makesC. is makingD. made16.(1分)There are about eight ____ people in the city.A. millionB. millionsC. million ofD. millions of17.(1分)— Wow! It took me about ____ to get here.— Yes, the traffic is usually awful at this time of the day.A. one hour and a half hourB. one hour and halfC. one and half hourD. one and a half hours18.(1分)She was ill, ____, she still went to work.A. butB. howeverC. andD. or19.(1分)Susan and her parents ____ at home now.A. are bothB. both areC. are allD. all are20.(1分)— Would you like some noodles?— ____.A. Thank you very muchB. Yes, I'd like toC. Yes, I like it very muchD. No, thanks. I'm full already三、选词填空((共6分,每小题1分))21.My name is Rich. I 1 in a middle school in Shanghai. My classroom is nice and clean. There are 30 students in my class. It's Saturday today. My classmates and I are 2a good time on City Beach. It's a nice place. The water is blue and clear, and many birds are flying over the sea. Some people are swimming. Some are playing football. And some are sleeping on the beach. How 3 City Beach is!(1)(1分)____(2)(1分)____(3)(1分)____22.A few days before 1 Day, the teacher wanted to know how his students were going to express their 2 to their mothers. "What are you going to do on the coming holiday?" The teacher asked one of them. The student answered, "I'm afraid I'll have no time to go home because I'm going to 3 for the test.""Then which do you think is more important, your mother or your test?""Of course the test is more important," answered the student at once. "My mother is always saying so."(1)(1分)____(2)(1分)____(3)(1分)____四、用单词的正确形式填空((共6分,每小题1分))23.(1分)It is ____ (danger) to play with fire.24.(1分)The old woman has been ____ (die) for about three years.25.(1分)Excuse me, would you please tell me the latest ____ (fly) number?26.(1分)What do ____ (tour) like doing in Bangkok?27.(1分)We will go to ____ this weekend. (Thai)28.(1分)Please tell me the ____ time and arrival time of this flight. (depart)五、句型转换((共5分,每小题1分))29.(1分)He has already had lunch. (否定句)He ____ had lunch ____.30.(1分)They plan to stay in New York for several weeks. (划线提问)____ ____ do they plan to stay in New York?31.(1分)They usually spend two hours finishing their homework every day. (保持句义)It usually ____ them two hours ____ finish their homework every day.32.(1分)It is 1,400 kilometres from Shanghai to Beijing. (划线提问)____ ____ is it from Shanghai to Beijing?33.(1分)There are, temples and beaches, many, Bangkok, in, (.)________________六、阅读理解((共12分,每小题2分))34. The small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. But do you know what to say to start a small talk with foreign people?In Britain, the best topic is the weather. Because British weather changes quite often. It's a safe topic. So you can start a small talk simply by saying, "It's a lovely day today, isn't it?" Besides the weather, it's good to talk about gardens. For example, you could say, "Those roses look really beautiful, don't they?" In addition (此外), British people love their pets very much. So it's also nice to start with "What a lovely dog! What is his name?"In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football. They also talk about clothes by saying "It's a nice shirt! Where did you get it?" And the weather is a safe topic there, too.Of course, there are also a lot of topics to avoid (避免) during small talks in western countries. For example, don't ask people "How old are you?", especially (特别) women. Andnever ask "How much money do you make?" It makes people unhappy and it's also impolite.(1)(2分)____ is a safe small talk topic for both Americans and the British.A. AgeB. WeatherC. Money(2)(2分)What do the words "small talk" mean in Chinese?A. 公开宣布B. 随意聊天C. 大声朗读(3)(2分)People like to talk about ____ in America.A. moneyB. sportsC. timeD. seasons(4)(2分)Which of the following is NOT a good topic for a small talk?A. How old are you?B. Lovely weather, isn't it?C. Where did you get that nice shirt?D. You look so pretty in red.(5)(2分)How many safe topics does the passage mention?A. 5.B. 4.C. 3.D. 2.(6)(2分)What's the main idea of this passage?A. Why do we start a small talk?B. Good and bad topics for small talks.C. How to kill time and make friends.D. How to make friends with Americans and the British.七、完形填空((共6分,每小题1分))35. The Earth is our home and we must take good care of it. That is to say, we must 1 the land, air and water clean. But man has produced a lot of pollution on earth since he first made a fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw waste or rubbish on the ground. Many years ago, pollution was not so serious 2 there were not so many people.In the past, there was enough 3 air, land and water. When the land or the river dirty in one place, man moved to 4 place. And the more people there are in one place 5 environment they maybe have. Perhaps you are afraid it is endless for people produce pollution. 6, we are glad to tell you that people have come to know the danger of pollution and more and more people are working hard to protect our earth.(1)(1分)____A. haveB. takeC. watchD. keep(2)(1分)____A. soB. andC. becauseD. but(3)(1分)____A. cleanB. clearC. dirtyD. cool(4)(1分)____A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. others(5)(1分)____A. the worstB. the worseC. the bestD. the better(6)(1分)____A. QuicklyB. EspeciallyC. LuckilyD. Angrily八、首字母填空((共5分,每小题1分))36. Never try to work w1 you are hungry. If you decide to do your homework after school, you should get something to eat before getting to work.Always do your homework before you get too tired. Don't w2 until very late in the evening, or your work will seem much harder than it really is.If you have more than an hour's work, g3 yourself a break after an hour and don't break so long that you can't get anything done. You should be able to work at least an hour at a time without s4.Do your homework at the s5 time every evening. This will help you make it a habit. It will make it easier to do, and it will make your free time more enjoyable as well.(1)(1分)____(2)(1分)____(3)(1分)____(4)(1分)____(5)(1分)____九、阅读与表达((共10分,每小题2分))37. There are about 250 different kinds of sharks in the world, but less than 30 kinds of them are dangerous to human. Some sharks are very aggressive (好斗的). The great white shark is the most dangerous. Then there is also the tiger shark, which other sharks are afraid of, and the blue shark. Both of them are very fast and dangerous.The whale shark is the biggest shark in the world. It can grow up to 15 metres in length and weighs as much as six large cars. The smallest shark, which is found near Japan, could fit into the palm (手掌) of your hand because it is only 15-20 centimetres long.Most sharks have hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of sharp teeth. These teeth are arranged (样列) in rows. A shark usually gets a new set of teeth every two weeks.Most sharks live on small fish, and they keep the oceans healthy by eating sick fish. However, hungry sharks eat everything. Once inside a tiger shark there was a metal can, a bicycle tyre, a leather wallet and an alarm clock!The shark's sense of smell is very good. They can follow the smell of blood across thousands of metres of the oceans. They can also see well, and they have good hearing. Theycan feel movement in water very easily, too. And it is possible for them to feel a fish moving as far as 30 metres away.(1)(2分)Which shark is the most dangerous?________________(2)(2分)How much does the biggest shark weigh?________________(3)(2分)How often does a shark get a new set of teeth?________________(4)(2分)What do most sharks live on?________________(5)(2分)Do you like sharks? Why?________________十、书面表达((共20分,每小题20分))38.(20分)Write at least 50 words on the topic "My Favourite ____".(以“我最喜爱的……”为题,写一篇至少50个单词的短文,要求内容连贯,语句通顺,标点符号不占格。
2019学年第二学期期未学业检测六年级英语学科(满分100分, 时间75分钟)考生注意∶本卷有8大题, 共85小题。
试题均采用连续编号, 所有答案务必写在答题纸上, 写在试卷上不得分。
Part 1 Listening(第一部分听力共25分)I. Listen and chose the right picture. (根据你所听到的内容, 选出相应的图片)(6分)A B CD E F1. _________2. __________3. ___________ 4 _________ 5. ________II. Listen to the dialogue and chose the right answer. (根据你所听到的对话和问题, 选出最恰当的答案)(8分)7. A. A glass of water. B. A cup of teaC. A bottle of orange juice.D. A glass of milk.8. A. Thailand. B. China. C. America. D. England.9. A. Four. B. Five. C. Three. D. Two.10. A. A doctor. B. An engineer. C. A reporter. D. A teacher11. A. A red one in Middle Size. B. A black one in large Size.C. A red one in Large Size.D. A black one in Middle Size.12. A. Cold. B. Tired. C. Thirsty. D. Hungry.13. A. Because he met a traffic jam. B. Because he got up late.C. Because his watch didn't work.D. Because he met a friend.14. A. One night. B. Three days. C. Two weeks. D. One weekIII. Listen to the passage and say whether the following sentences are true(T)or false(F)(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容。
上海市川沙中学南校2016届九年级下学期调研化学试卷一、选择题1.属于物质化学性质的是()A.氢氧化钠易潮解B.碳酸易分解C.金属具有延展性D.浓盐酸易挥发2.下列物质中属于纯净物的是()A.加碘食盐 B.盐酸 C.大理石D.胆矾3.硫元素的化合价为+4的物质是()A.H2S B.S C.SO2D.SO34.化学用语表达正确的是()A.五个氢原子:H5B.三个水分子:3H2OC.钙元素:2Ca D.四个铵根:4NH35.人们能够闻到花香的原因是()A.分子在不断地运动B.分子间存在间隙C.分子的质量都大于原子的质量D.分子是由原子构成的6.生活中的下列物质,属于溶液的是()A.果酱 B.矿泉水C.牛奶 D.蒸馏水7.灼烧氯化钠时火焰的颜色呈()A.蓝色 B.黄色 C.绿色 D.紫色8.下列金属的活动性最弱的是()A.银B.铜C.铝D.钠9.能用作氮肥的是()A.KCl B.Na2SO4C.Ca2(PO4)2D.NH4NO310.属于同素异形体的一组物质是()A.氧气和液氧B.一氧化碳和二氧化碳C.水和过氧化氢 D.金刚石和石墨11.物质的名称、俗名、化学式一致的是()A.二氧化碳冰 CO2B.氢氧化钙熟石灰 Ca(OH)2C.碳酸钠烧碱 Na2CO3D.硫酸铜胆矾 CuSO412.有关实验现象的描述正确的是()A.镁带在空气中燃烧发出耀眼白光,生成氧化镁B.双氧水中加入二氧化锰,产生大量气泡和白烟C.硫粉在空气中燃烧,观察到明亮的蓝紫色火焰D.红磷在空气中燃烧,产生大量的白烟13.下列化学实验操作中正确的是()A.过滤B.蒸发C.滴加液体D.取用固体药品14.工业上制取粗硅的化学反应是SiO2+2C Si+2CO↑,发生还原反应的物质是()A.CO B.C C.SiO2D.Si15.有关物质的用途错误的是()A.改良酸性土壤常使用氢氧化钙B.工业上利用氢气还原性冶炼钨、钼等金属C.农业上常用食盐配制波尔多液D.农业上常用草木灰(主要含碳酸钾)作钾肥16.化学概念在逻辑上存在如图所示关系,对下列概念间的关系说法正确的是()A.纯净物与混合物属于包含关系B.化合物与氧化物属于包含关系C.单质与化合物属于交叉关系D.中和反应与复分解反应属于并列关系17.常温下,有反应:M+N→盐+水,其中M、N的类别不可能是()A.酸、碱B.单质、氧化物 C.氧化物、酸D.氧化物、碱18.为了证明长期暴露在空气中的氢氧化钠浓溶液已变质,某同学分别取2mL试样于试管中,而后进行如下实验,其中不能达到实验目的是()A.通适量CO2气体,观察现象B.加入澄清石灰水,观察现象C.加入氯化钡溶液,观察现象 D.加入足量盐酸,观察现象19.除去物质中的少量杂质,操作方法正确的是()选项物质杂质操作方法A CuO C 在氧气流中灼烧B KCl MnO2加水溶解、过滤、洗涤、干燥C FeCl3溶液CuCl2加过量铁粉,过滤D CO2CO 点燃A.A B.B C.C D.D20.图象分别与选项中的操作相对应,合理的是()A.向一定质量的MnO2固体中加入一定量的过氧化氢溶液B.向一定量的HCl与Na2SO4混合溶液中不断加入Ba(OH)2溶液C.室温下,向一定质量的饱和石灰水中加入一定量的氧化钙D.向两份完成相同的稀硫酸中,不断加入铁和锌二、填空题21.请根据我们学过的化学知识填空.①人们常说:“高原缺氧”.这里的氧是指(填化学式);②发酵粉中的小苏打是NaHCO3,它由种元素组成,1.5mol NaHCO3中含有g 碳元素.③Fe2O3是铁锈的主要成分,可以用稀盐酸除铁锈的化学方程式是.④医用0.9%的生理盐水中的溶质是(填化学式).⑤将CO2通入紫色石蕊试液中,溶液呈色,升高温度,CO2气体在水中的溶解度(填“增大”或“减小”).22.如图(1)为甲、乙(均不含结晶水)两种固体物质的溶解度曲线.①t1℃时,甲的溶解度(填“大于”“小于”或“等于”)乙的溶解度;若要从甲的饱和溶液中得到固体甲,则采用方法.②某同学在t1℃时开始进行如图(2)实验,在烧杯A、B、C中能得到饱和溶液的是(填编号),溶质质量分数最大的是(填编号);③烧杯C中再加入15g甲后,充分搅拌,恢复到t2℃时,所得溶液的质量是g.23.某小组在探究铁、铜、镁、银的金属活动性顺序时,做了如图1所示的三个实验(所用金属的形状与大小和稀盐酸的用量均相同):①通过实验Ⅰ和Ⅱ可比较出镁和铁的金属活动性强弱.你认为他们依据的实验现象是.写出实验Ⅰ中反应的化学方程式:.②通过观察到实验Ⅲ的现象可得出的结论是.③上述三个实验不能够得出四种金属的活动性顺序.探究小组在上述实验的基础上,补充了一个实验(如图2所示),实现了探究目的.他们的实验:金属X、Y溶液分别是.24.为测定某生理盐水的溶质质量分数,现象生理盐水样品与足量的硝酸银溶液混合,相关实验数据如表所示(不计损耗):反应前反应后实验数据生理盐水样品的质量加入硝酸银溶液的质量过滤后剩余溶液的质量130g 40g 167.13g①反应后生产氯化银固体的质量为g.②请计算该生理盐水中含氯化钠的物质的量(根据化学方程式列式计算).三、简答题25.如图是实验室常用的气体制备、收集的多种功能装置.①若实验室用A装置加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合物制取氧气,其化学方程式为.②B装置中X装置的名称为;若B装置X中盛放稀盐酸、Y中盛放石灰石,B与C组成发生、收集CO2气体的系列装置,检验CO2收满的方法是.检验制得气体是否为二氧化碳的化学方程式为.③若实验室用锌粒和稀硫酸制取氢气,可选择的发生装置为,发生的化学方程式为.若用排水法收集并测定氢气的体积,氢气从E装置导管口(填“g”或“h”)进.选用仪器F测量排出水的体积,仪器F的名称是.④对锌与稀硫酸反应快慢的影响因素进行探究.反应过程中,利用前10min内收集的氢气体积比较反应的快慢,控制其他条件相同,进行如图四组实验,获得数据如表:实验编号试剂前10min内产生的氢气不同纯度的锌不同体积/(mL)体积和溶质质量分数的稀硫酸a 纯锌30mL30% 564.3b 含杂质的锌30mL30% 634.7c 纯锌30mL20% 449.3d 纯锌40mL30% 602.8 要比较不同溶质质量分数的硫酸对反应快慢的影响,应选择的实验编号是;可以得出的结论是:.26.现有一包白色粉末,可能由NaCl、Na2SO4、Na2CO3、CuSO4中的一种或几种组成.现做如下实验:①取少量粉末,加水溶解得无色溶液;②另取少量粉末,滴加稀盐酸,无明显现象.请回答:(1)由实验①可确定原粉末中一定没有;由实验②可确定原粉末中一定没有.(2)为进一步确定原粉末的组成,另取少量粉末按下图所示进行实验:[在AgNO3、Ba(NO3)2、BaCl2溶液中选择两种作为A、B试剂,且A、B的阳离子不同]原粉末的成分是;无色溶液和试剂A反应的反应的化学方程式为.27.某化学兴趣小组的同学学习了“灭火器原理”后,设计了如图1所示实验,并对反应后瓶中残留废液进行探究.【提出问题】废液中所含溶质是什么?【猜想与假设】猜想1:废液中的溶质可能是NaCl、Na2CO3和HCl猜想2:废液中的溶质只有NaCl猜想3:废液中的溶质是NaCl和HCl猜想4:废液中的溶质是.【讨论与交流】小明认为猜想1无需验证就知道是错误的,他的理由是.【实验与结论】①为验证猜想3成立,根据盐酸性质,小王选择如图2五种不同类别物质,其中X可以是(填一种具体物质名称或化学式).小勇取少量于试管,滴加AgNO3溶液,产生白色沉淀,再加稀硝酸沉淀不溶解,于是小勇认为猜想3正确,你认为小勇的结论:(填“正确”或“不正确”).②小丽为验证猜想4成立,可选择的试剂是.③处理废液,回收利用,欲从猜想4的废液中得到纯净NaCl晶体,小芳设计了如下方案:在废液中加入适量Ca(NO3)2溶液,过滤,对滤液蒸发结晶,请评价该方案是否可行?理由.上海市川沙中学南校2016届九年级下学期调研化学试卷(五四学制)(3月份)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题1.属于物质化学性质的是()A.氢氧化钠易潮解B.碳酸易分解C.金属具有延展性D.浓盐酸易挥发【考点】化学性质与物理性质的差别及应用.【专题】物质的变化与性质.【分析】物质的化学性质是指在化学变化中表现出来的性质,物质的物理性质是指不需要通过化学变化表现出来的性质.【解答】解:A、氢氧化钠易潮解不需要通过化学变化就能表现出来,属于物质的物理性质;B、碳酸易分解需要通过化学变化才能表现出来,属于物质的化学性质;C、金属具有延展性不需要通过化学变化就能表现出来,属于物质的物理性质;D、浓盐酸易挥发不需要通过化学变化就能表现出来,属于物质的物理性质;故选:B.【点评】解答本题要分析物质的性质是否需要通过化学变化表现出来,如果需要通过化学变化表现出来就属于物质的化学性质.2.下列物质中属于纯净物的是()A.加碘食盐 B.盐酸 C.大理石D.胆矾【考点】纯净物和混合物的判别.【专题】物质的分类.【分析】纯净物由一种物质组成,混合物由两种或两种以上的物质组成.【解答】解:A、加碘食盐中含有氯化钠、含有碘元素的化合物等物质,属于混合物;B、盐酸中含有水和氯化氢,属于混合物;C、大理石的主要成分是碳酸钙,还含有一些其它物质,属于混合物;D、胆矾是五水合硫酸铜的俗称,由一种物质组成,属于纯净物.故选:D.【点评】混合物中至少含有两种物质,根据组成物质的种类就可以判断该物质属于混合物,还是属于纯净物.3.硫元素的化合价为+4的物质是()A.H2S B.S C.SO2D.SO3【考点】有关元素化合价的计算.【专题】化学式的计算.【分析】根据单质中元素的化合价为0、在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,结合各选项中的化学式进行解答本题.【解答】解:A、氢元素显+1价,设H2S中硫元素的化合价是x,根据在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,可得:x+(﹣2)=0,则x=﹣2价.B、根据单质中元素的化合价为0,S属于单质,故硫元素的化合价为0.C、氧元素显﹣2价,设SO2中硫元素的化合价是y,根据在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,可得:y+(﹣2)×2=0,则y=+4价.D、氧元素显﹣2价,设SO3中硫元素的化合价是z,根据在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零,可得:z+(﹣2)×3=0,则z=+6价.硫元素的化合价为+4的物质是SO2.故选:C.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握利用化合价的原则(单质中元素的化合价为0、在化合物中正负化合价代数和为零)计算指定元素的化合价的方法即可正确解答本题.4.化学用语表达正确的是()A.五个氢原子:H5B.三个水分子:3H2OC.钙元素:2Ca D.四个铵根:4NH3【考点】化学符号及其周围数字的意义.【专题】化学用语和质量守恒定律.【分析】本题考查化学用语的意义及书写,解题关键是分清化学用语所表达的对象是分子、原子、离子才能在化学符号前或其它位置加上适当的计量数来完整地表达其意义,并能根据物质化学式的书写规则正确书写物质的化学式,才能熟练准确的解答此类题目.【解答】解:A、原子的表示方法就是用元素符号来表示一个原子,表示多个该原子,就在其元素符号前加上相应的数字.所以5个氢原子,就可表示为5H,故A错误.B、分子的表示方法:正确书写物质的化学式,水分子是多原子分子,可表示为:H2O,表示多个该分子,就在其化学式前加上相应的数字,所以3个水分子可表示为3H2O,故B正确;C、据元素符号的意义,钙元素可用Ca表示,2Ca只表示2个钙原子,故C错误;D、离子的表示方法:在表示该离子的元素符号右上角,标出该离子所带的正负电荷数,数字在前,正负符号在后,带1个电荷时,1要省略.但铵根离子是由多个原子组成的离子,整体带1个单元位的正电荷,表示为NH3+,若表示4该离子,就在其前面加4,表示为4NH3+,故D错误.故选B.【点评】本题主要考查学生对化学用语的书写和理解能力,题目设计既包含对化学符号意义的了解,又考查了学生对化学符号的书写,考查全面,注重基础,题目难度较易.5.人们能够闻到花香的原因是()A.分子在不断地运动B.分子间存在间隙C.分子的质量都大于原子的质量D.分子是由原子构成的【考点】利用分子与原子的性质分析和解决问题.【专题】物质的微观构成与物质的宏观组成.【分析】根据分子的基本特征:分子质量和体积都很小;分子之间有间隔;分子是在不断运动的;同种物质的分子性质相同,不同物质的分子性质不同,进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:A、分子在不断运动,花香的分子通过不断的运动,向四周扩散,使人们闻到花的香味.故A正确;B、人们能够闻到花香,与分子间有间隔无关.故B错误;C、人们能够闻到花香,与分子、原子的质量的大小无关.故C错误;D、人们能够闻到花香,与分子由原子构成无关.故D错误.故选A.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握利用分子的基本性质分析和解决问题的方法是解答此类题的关键.6.生活中的下列物质,属于溶液的是()A.果酱 B.矿泉水C.牛奶 D.蒸馏水【考点】溶液的概念、组成及其特点.【专题】溶液、浊液与溶解度.【分析】本题考查溶液的概念,在一定条件下溶质分散到溶剂中形成的是均一稳定的混合物.【解答】A、果酱中含有悬浮的固体物质,属于悬浊液,不属于溶液,故A错;B、矿泉水是一种均一、稳定的混合物,属于溶液,故B正确;C、牛奶是不均一、不稳定的,属于乳浊液,不属于溶液,故C错;D、蒸馏水是由一种物质组成,属于纯净物,溶液必须是混合物,故D错.故选B.【点评】应熟悉溶液是一种均一稳定的混合物,在不改变条件时,溶液的组成和浓度都不会发生变化,要与悬浊液和乳浊液区分.7.灼烧氯化钠时火焰的颜色呈()A.蓝色 B.黄色 C.绿色 D.紫色【考点】盐的化学性质.【专题】常见的盐化学肥料.【分析】多种金属或它们的化合物在灼烧时,会使火焰呈现特殊的颜色,化学上叫焰色反应;下表为部分金属元素的焰色:金属元素钾钠钙钡铜焰色紫色黄色砖红色黄绿色绿色据此进行分析判断.【解答】解:多种金属或它们的化合物在灼烧时,会使火焰呈现特殊的颜色,化学上叫焰色反应;氯化钠中含有钠元素,属于钠盐,灼烧氯化钠时火焰的颜色呈黄色.故选:B.【点评】本题难度不大,考查了焰色反应的应用,熟知金属与金属化合物的焰色反应的现象及其应用是正确解答本题的关键.8.下列金属的活动性最弱的是()A.银B.铜C.铝D.钠【考点】金属活动性顺序及其应用.【专题】金属与金属材料.【分析】根据金属活动性顺序:K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Pb、(H)、Cu、Hg、Ag、Pt、Au,则可知答案.【解答】解:根据金属活动性顺序:K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Pb、(H)、Cu、Hg、Ag、Pt、Au,则可知金属活动性大小为:Na>Al>Cu>Ag.故选A.【点评】熟记金属活动性顺序:K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Pb、(H)、Cu、Hg、Ag、Pt、Au,并且要学会应用.9.能用作氮肥的是()A.KCl B.Na2SO4C.Ca2(PO4)2D.NH4NO3【考点】常见化肥的种类和作用.【专题】常见的盐化学肥料.【分析】含有氮元素的肥料称为氮肥.含有磷元素的肥料称为磷肥.含有钾元素的肥料称为钾肥.同时含有氮、磷、钾三种元素中的两种或两种以上的肥料称为复合肥.A、KCl中含有钾元素;B、Na2SO4中不含氮磷钾中的任何元素;C、Ca(PO4)2中含有磷元素;D、NH4NO3中含有氮元素;【解答】解:A、KCl中只含有钾元素,故错误;B、Na2SO4中不含氮磷钾中的任何元素,故错误;C、Ca(PO4)2中只含有磷元素,故错误;D、NH4NO3中含有氮元素,故正确.故选D.【点评】解答本题要充分理解化肥的分类方法方面的知识,只有这样才能对化肥进行正确的分类.10.属于同素异形体的一组物质是()A.氧气和液氧B.一氧化碳和二氧化碳C.水和过氧化氢 D.金刚石和石墨【考点】同素异形体和同素异形现象.【专题】物质的分类.【分析】由同种元素形成的不同种单质互为同素异形体,互为同素异形体的物质要符合以下两个条件:同种元素形成,不同单质;据此进行分析判断.【解答】解:判断同素异形体的关键把握两点:①同种元素形成,②不同单质.A、液氧是液态的氧气,与氧气属于是同一种物质,不是同素异形体,故选项错误.B、一氧化碳和二氧化碳均是化合物,不是单质,故选项错误.C、水和过氧化氢均是化合物,不是单质,故选项错误.D、金刚石、石墨都是由碳元素形成的不同物质,都是单质,互为同素异形体,故选项正确.故选:D.【点评】本题难度不大,判断是否互为同素异形体的关键要把握两点:①同种元素形成,②不同单质,这是解决此类题的关键之所在.11.物质的名称、俗名、化学式一致的是()A.二氧化碳冰 CO2B.氢氧化钙熟石灰 Ca(OH)2C.碳酸钠烧碱 Na2CO3D.硫酸铜胆矾 CuSO4【考点】化学式的书写及意义.【专题】化学用语和质量守恒定律.【分析】根据常见化学物质的名称、俗称、化学式进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:A、干冰是固态的二氧化碳,其化学式为:CO2,冰是固态的水,其俗称与化学式对应错误.B、熟石灰是氢氧化钙的俗称,其化学式为:Ca(OH)2,其俗称与化学式对应正确.C、烧碱是氢氧化钠的俗称,其化学式为:NaOH,其俗称与化学式对应错误.D、胆矾是无水硫酸铜的俗称,其化学式为:CuSO4•5H2O,其俗称与化学式对应错误.故选B【点评】本题难度不大,熟练掌握常见化学物质的名称、俗称、化学式是正确解答此类题的关键.12.有关实验现象的描述正确的是()A.镁带在空气中燃烧发出耀眼白光,生成氧化镁B.双氧水中加入二氧化锰,产生大量气泡和白烟C.硫粉在空气中燃烧,观察到明亮的蓝紫色火焰D.红磷在空气中燃烧,产生大量的白烟【考点】氧气与碳、磷、硫、铁等物质的反应现象;实验室制取氧气的反应原理.【专题】实验现象的观察和记录.【分析】A、根据镁带在空气中燃烧进行分析判断.B、根据双氧水中加入二氧化锰的现象进行分析判断.C、根据硫粉在空气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断.D、根据红磷在空气中燃烧的现象进行分析判断.【解答】解:A、镁带在空气中燃烧,生成氧化镁是结论不是现象,故选项说法错误.B、双氧水中加入二氧化锰,产生大量气泡,但没有白烟,故选项说法错误.C、硫粉在空气中燃烧,观察到淡蓝色火焰,故选项说法错误.D、红磷在空气中燃烧,产生大量的白烟,放出热量,故选项说法正确.故选:D.【点评】本题难度不大,掌握常见物质燃烧的现象即可正确解答;但在描述物质燃烧的现象时,需要注意光和火焰、烟和雾、现象和结论的区别.13.下列化学实验操作中正确的是()A.过滤B.蒸发C.滴加液体D.取用固体药品【考点】过滤的原理、方法及其应用;固体药品的取用;液体药品的取用;蒸发与蒸馏操作.【专题】常见仪器及化学实验基本操作.【分析】A、根据过滤实验的正确操作分析;B、根据蒸发实验的正确操作分析;C、根据滴管滴加液体的正确方法分析;D、根据取用固体药品的正确方法分析.【解答】解:A、过滤实验要用玻璃棒引流,漏斗的下端紧靠烧杯的内壁,故错误;B、蒸发实验用酒精灯加热,同时用玻璃棒不断搅拌滤液,使液体均匀受热,防止局部过热,造成液滴飞溅,故正确;C、胶头滴管伸入试管内或接触试管,会造成药品的污染,故错误;D、取用药品时,试剂瓶的瓶盖应倒放桌面上,防止污染瓶盖,图中操作错误.故选B.【点评】在基本实验操作中,熟练掌握基本操作是做好化学实验的基础,所以应加强基本实验操作的学习.14.工业上制取粗硅的化学反应是SiO2+2C Si+2CO↑,发生还原反应的物质是()A.CO B.C C.SiO2D.Si【考点】还原反应.【专题】化学反应的基本类型和能量变化.【分析】在氧化还原反应中,氧化剂失去了氧被还原,发生了还原反应;还原剂得氧被氧化,发生了氧化反应;据此进行分析判断即可.【解答】解:根据反应SiO2+2C Si+2CO↑,可知:在此反应中碳得氧发生了氧化反应,是还原剂;SiO2失氧发生了还原反应,是氧化剂.故选:C.【点评】在化学反应中氧化剂与还原剂往往同时存在,初中阶段一般利用得氧失氧的方法判断,得氧的是还原剂,失氧的是氧化剂.15.有关物质的用途错误的是()A.改良酸性土壤常使用氢氧化钙B.工业上利用氢气还原性冶炼钨、钼等金属C.农业上常用食盐配制波尔多液D.农业上常用草木灰(主要含碳酸钾)作钾肥【考点】常见碱的特性和用途;常用盐的用途;常见化肥的种类和作用;氢气的用途和氢能的优缺点.【专题】物质的性质与用途.【分析】A、根据酸碱中和的知识进行解答即可;B、根据氢气的还原性考虑;C、根据波尔多液的配制分析;D、含有氮元素的肥料称为氮肥,含有磷元素的肥料称为磷肥,含有钾元素的肥料称为钾肥,同时含有氮、磷、钾三种元素中的两种或两种以上的肥料称为复合肥进行分析.【解答】解:A、氢氧化钙具有碱性,且价格低廉,能与土壤中的酸性物质反应,常用于改良酸性土壤,正确;B、在冶金工业上,氢气可用来冶炼重要金属,这是利用氢气性质中的还原性,正确;C、波尔多液是硫酸铜和熟石灰混合后而产生的能够杀菌消毒的物质,错误;D、碳酸钾只含有氮、磷、钾三种元素中的钾元素,故属于钾肥,正确;故选:C【点评】熟练掌握常见的物质的性质;能够根据物质的性质来解决生活中常见的问题,是我们化学学科的魅力所在.16.化学概念在逻辑上存在如图所示关系,对下列概念间的关系说法正确的是()A.纯净物与混合物属于包含关系B.化合物与氧化物属于包含关系C.单质与化合物属于交叉关系D.中和反应与复分解反应属于并列关系【考点】物质的简单分类;中和反应及其应用;复分解反应及其应用.【专题】阅读理解类简答题;结合课本知识的信息.【分析】应用各知识点的概念,理解概念间相关的关系,结合图示所提供的关系意义,分析相关的选项从而判断正确与否,从物质分类的知识可知物质可分为纯净物与混合物,纯净物又可分为化合物与单质,化合物中又可分为酸碱盐及氧化物等.【解答】解:A、物质按含有物质种类的多少可分为纯净物与混合物,是并列关系,故此选项错误.B、化合物有多种元素组成,其中氧化物是含有氧元素和另外一种元素的化合物,是包含关系,故此选项正确.C、纯净物按元素的含有情况可分为化合物与单质,故是并列关系,故此选项错误.D、中和反应是复分解反应中的酸与碱生成盐和水的反应,是包含关系,故此选项错误.故选B【点评】此题是对概念间关系的考查,把握个概念间的关系是解题的关键所在,此题应属基础知识考查题.17.常温下,有反应:M+N→盐+水,其中M、N的类别不可能是()A.酸、碱B.单质、氧化物 C.氧化物、酸D.氧化物、碱【考点】酸的化学性质;碱的化学性质.【专题】常见的酸酸的通性;常见的碱碱的通性.【分析】本题考查酸常见的性质,利用反应M+N→盐+水,可能是金属氧化物与酸或碱与酸或非金属氧化物与碱.【解答】解:A、根据反应M+N→盐+水,酸碱中和反应生成盐和水,M与N可能是碱和酸,故对;B、根据反应M+N→盐+水,单质与氧化物反应不能生成盐和水,故错;C、根据反应M+N→盐+水,金属氧化物与酸反应时生成盐和水,故对;D、根据反应M+N→盐+水,某些非金属氧化物与碱反应时生成盐和水,故对.答案:B.【点评】通过本题可以看出要学会从已知M+酸→N+盐,能举出常见的化学反应来认识反应类型,要及时归纳物质的性质及反应的类型.。
2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区川中南校六年级(下)月考英语试卷(3月份)一、语音,词汇和语法。
1.语音,词汇和语法。
Are /ŋsevrŋl/students playing basketball in the playground?2.语音,词汇和语法。
You can take the /ŋeskŋleŋtŋ(r)/ to the top floor and you'll see the bookstore there.3.语音,词汇和语法。
The English teacher wrote a /'tŋek,lŋst/ to all the students4.语音,词汇和语法。
In Shanghai,a taxi / 'pæsmndŋŋ(r)/must wear a safety belt at the back.5.语音,词汇和语法。
There are many tall /ŋbŋldŋŋz/ in shanghai.6.语音,词汇和语法。
Have you /pæekt/ your suitcase?二、Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(16分)7.(3分)There will be exhibition about education in the USA next Saturday.( )A.an B.a C.the8.(3分)Most of us enjoy swimming in the sea at the beaches early July to late August.( )A.in B.on C.from D.at9.(3分)Tokyo is a big city and there are about 14 people in it.( )A.millions B.millions ofC.million of D.million10.(3分)Don't worry.There is still time left.( )A.a few B.a little C.few D.little11.(3分)I'm afraid you eat sweets,so you have toothache.( )A.too much B.too fewC.too little D.too many12.(3分)There an International Food Festival in our school next week.( )A.will be B.isC.is going to have D.will have13.(3分)It took me to make the model plane yesterday evening.( )A.two and a half hourB.two hour and a halfC.two and a half hoursD.two ana half hours14.(3分)I don't like this scarf.Please show me .( )A.other B.anotherC.the other D.the others15.(3分)The funny teacher let us a lot in class.( )A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughed D.laughing 16.(3分)Many young people enjoy pop music nowadays.( )A.listen B.to listenC.listening D.listening to17.(3分)Lucy is planning her cousins to Beijing for fun.( )A.invite B.to invite C.inviting D.invited 18.(3分)My family Guangzhou for two months.( )A.has been B.has gone toC.has been to D.has been in19.(3分)In the past,people to other places by train or ship.( )A.travel B.travelledC.will travel D.have travelled20.(3分)Don't forget to turn off the lights you leave the classroom.( )A.before B.after C.so D.because 21.(3分)—is it from our school to Yu Garden?—About half an hour's bus ride.( )A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How22.(3分)—I'll drive you to the cinema.—___( )A.You're welcome.B.Never mind.C.Here you are.D.Thank you.三、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.23.(8分)将下列单词或词组填入空格,每空格限填一次。
2019 学年度第二学期3月教学质量自主调研六年级英语Part I Pronunciation, Vocabulary and Grammar 42%第二部分语音,词汇和语法I. ook at the phonetic symbol and fill in the blanks.(看音标写单词)5%23.T he teacher drew a map of [ˈeɪʃə] on the blackboard.24.I had lived two doors away from this supermarket for [ˈsevrəl] years.25.We also call the Spring [ˈfestɪvl] Chinese New Year.26.H e is [ˈfeɪməs] for his paintings.27.T here are many [ˈtrɑl I z] at the entrance of the supermarket.I.Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案)15%( )28.There’ll be _ exhibition about education in the USA in _ capital of Singapore.A.a,aB. an, theC. a, theD.an,/( )29._ are we going to travel to Beijing by plane or by train?A. WhatB. WhereC. HowD.Which( )30.Animals usually can’t live water.A. withB. withoutC. for D.of( )31.My aunt l eft Australia to have a trip lastSunday.A.inB. forC.toD.at( )32.Many boys enjoys computer games.A. playingB. playC. playsD.to play( )33.Jack, where did you your umbrella yesterday? I can’t find it now.A. leftB. forgotC. leaveD.forget( )34. useful advice my teacher gave me!A. HowB. What aC. What anD.What( )35.Beijing is Shanghai.A.in the north-west ofB. north-westof C.to north-west of D. west-north of( )36.He’d rather this coming Friday.A. comeB.to comeC. comingD.will come( )37.My father’s job is our city a safe place. He is a policeman.A.to makeB. makesC.is makingD.made( )38.There are about eight _ people in the city.A. millionB. millions C .million of lions of( )39.---Wow! It took me about to get here.---Yes, the traffic is usually awful at this time of the day.A.one hour and a half hourB.one hour and halfC.one and half hourD.one and a half hours( )40.She was ill, _, she still went to work.A.butB.howeverC.andD.or( )41.Susan and her parents at home now.A.are bothB.both areC.are allD.all are( )42.---Would you like some noodles? --- .A. Thank you very muchB. Yes, I’d like toC. Yes, I like it very much.D. No, thanks. I’m full already.Ill. Choose the right word or expression and fill in the blanks.(选择适当的词或词组填入所缺的空格中,用A,B,C,D 表示)6%A. beautifulB. studyC. havingD. anotherMy name is Rich. I 43 in a middle school in Shanghai. My classroom is nice and clean. There are 30 students in my class. It’s Saturday today. My classroom and I are 44 a good time on City Beach. It’s a nice place. The water is blue and clear, and many birds are flying over the sea. Some people are swimming. Some are playing football. And someA few days before 46 Day, the teacher wanted to know how his students were going to express their 47to their mothers. “What are you going to do on the coming holiday?” The teacher asked one of them. The student answered,“I’m afraid I’ll have no time to go home because I’m going to 48 for the test.”“Then which do you think is more important, your mother or the test?”“Of course the test is more important,” answered the student at once. “My mother is always saying so.”V. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)6%49.I t is (danger) to play with fire.50.T he old woman has been (die) for about three years.51.Excuse me, would you please tell me the latest (fly) number?52.What do (tour) like doing in Bangkok?53.W e will go to (Thai) this weekend.54.P lease tell me the (depart) time and arrival time of this flight.V. Rewrite the sentences according to the instructions in the brackets.(根据要求,改写句子)10%55.H e has already had lunch.(否定句) He had lunch .56.They plan to stay in New York for several weeks.(划线提问)do they plan to stay in New York?57.T hey usually spend two hours finishing their homework every day.(保持原意)It usually them two hours finish their homework every day.58.I t is 1,400 kilometres from Shanghai to Beijing.(划线提问)is it from Shanghai to Beijing?59.there are, temples and beaches, many, Bangkok, inPart Ill Reading and Writing(23%)第三部分阅读与写话V. Reading comprehension(阅读理解):A.Choose the best answer.(根据文章内容,选择最恰当的答案)6%The small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. But do you know what to say to start a small talk with foreign people?In Britain, the best topic is the weather. Because British weather changes quite often. It's a safe topic. So you can start a small talk simply by saying “It's a lovely day today, isn't it?” Besides the weather, it's good to talk about gardens. For example, youcould say, “Those roses look really beautiful, don't they?” In addition(此外),British people love their pets very much. So it's also nice to start with “What a lovely dog! What is his name?”In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football. They also talk about clothes by saying “It's a nice shirt! Where did you get it?” And the weather is a safe topic there, too.Of course, there are also a lot of topics to avoid(避免) during small talks in Western countries. For example, don't ask people “How old are you?”, especially(特别) women. And never ask “How much money do you make?” It makes people unhappy and it’s also impolite.( )60._ is a safe small talk topic for both Americans and British.A. AgeB. WeatherC. MoneyD.Time( )61.What do the words “small talk” mean in Chinese?A.公开宣布B.小声交谈C.随意聊天D.大声朗读( )62.People like to talk about in America.A. moneyB. sportsC. timeD.seasons( )63.Which of the following is NOT a good topic for a small talk?A. How old are you?B.Lovely weather, isn’t it?C. Where did you get that nice shirt?D.You look so pretty in red.( )64.How many safe topics does the passage mention?A.5B.4C.3D.2( )65.What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Why do we start a small talk?B.Good and bad topics for small talks.C.How do kill time and make friends.D How to make friends with Americans and the British.B. Cloze test.(根据文章内容,选择最恰当的答案)6%The Earth is our home and we must take good care of it. That is to say, we must 66 the land, air and water clean. But man has produced a lot of pollution on the Earth since he first made a fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw waste or rubbish on the ground. Many years ago, pollution was not so serious 67 there were not so many people.In the past, there were enough 68 air, land and water. When the land or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to 69 place. And the more people there are in one place, 70 environment they maybe have. Perhaps you are afraid it is endless for people to produce pollution. 71 , we are glad to tell you that people have come to know the danger of pollution and more and more people are working hard to protect our Earth.C.Fill in the blanks according to the given letters.(根据首字母填空,每空格限填一词)5%Never try to work w _72_ you are hungry. If you decide to do your homework right after school, you should get something to eat before getting to work.Always do your homework before you get too tired. Don't w 73until very late in the evening, or your work will seem much harder than it really is.If you have more than an hour's work, g 74 yourself a break after an hour. But don’t break so long that you can’t get anything done. You should be able to work at least half an hour at a time without s__75 .Do your homework at the s _76 time every evening. This will help you make it a habit. It will make it easier to do, and it will make your free time more enjoyable as well.72.w73.w74.g75.s76.sD. Answer the following questions.(根据短文内容,回答问题)6%There are about 250 different kinds of sharks in the world, but less than 30 kinds of them are dangerous tohumans.Some sharks are very aggressive (好斗的). The Great White shark is the most dangerous. Then there is also the Tiger shark,which other sharks are afraid of, and the Blue shark. Both of them are very fast and dangerous.The Whale shark is the biggest shark in the world. It can grow up to 15 metres in length and weigh as much as six large cars. The smallest shark, which is found near Japan, could fit into the palm(手掌) of your hand because it is only 15-20centimetres long.Most sharks have hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of sharp teeth. These teeth are arranged(排列) in rows. A Shark usually gets a new set of teeth every two weeks.Most sharks live on small fish, and they keep the oceans healthy by eating sick fish. However, hungry sharks eat anything. Once inside a Tiger shark there was a metal can, a bicycle tyre , a leather wallet and an alarm clock!The shark's sense of smell is very good. They can follow the smell of blood across thousands of metres of the oceans.They can also see well, and they have good hearing. They can feel movement in water very easily too. And it is possible for them to feel a fish moving as far as 30 metres away.77.W hich shark is the most dangerous?78.H ow much does the biggest shark weigh?79.H ow often does a shark get a new set of teeth?80.W hat do most sharks live on?81.D o you like sharks? Why?I. Writing(写作)10%82.W rite at least 50 words on the topic “My favourite ”(以“我最喜爱的……(城市/节日等等)”为题,写一篇至少50个单词的短文,要求内容连贯,语句通顺,标点符号不占格。
新疆塔城地区川沙中学南校2019-2020学年六年级下学期数学3月月考试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单项选择题(共12分) (共6题;共12分)1. (2分) (2019七上·昭通期末) 下列式子中是一元一次方程的是()A . +5B . 2 -3=1C . 2+6=10D . + =82. (2分)已知3是关于x的方程5x﹣a=3的解,则a的值是()A . ﹣14B . 12C . 14D . ﹣133. (2分)已知:a=-2+(-10),b=-2-(-10),c=-2×(- ),下列判断正确的是()A . a>b>cB . b>c>aC . c>b>aD . a>c>b4. (2分)北京故宫的占地面积达到720 000平方米,这个数据用科学记数法表示为()A . 平方米B . 平方米C . 平方米D . 平方米5. (2分)下列运算正确的是()A . 2a3•a4=2a7B . a3+a4=a7C . (2a4)3=8a7D . a3÷a4=a6. (2分)如图,数轴上点A、B分别对应实数a、b,则下列结论正确的是()A . a>bB . |a|>|b|C . a+b>0D . ﹣a>b二、填空题(共36分) (共12题;共36分)7. (3分)(2016·湘西) 2的相反数是________.8. (3分)把下列各数分别填在相应的横线上:1,-0.20,, 325,-789,0,-23.13,0.618,-2014,π,0.1010010001….正数有:________ ;分数有:________ ;负数有:________ ;正整数有:________ ;非正数有:________ ;负整数有:________ ;非负数有:________;负分数有:________ ;非负整数有:________ .9. (3分)画出数轴,并在数轴上表示下列各数,并比较它们的大小.3,︱-1.5︱, 0,-4比较大小:________ <________ <________ <________10. (3分) (2018七上·合浦期中) 气象观测统计资料表明,在一般情况下,高度每上升1km,气温下降约6℃.已知甲地现在地面气温为2℃,则甲地上空9km处的气温大约是________11. (3分) (2019七上·台安月考) 比较大小 ________ (填“>” “<” “=”)12. (3分)平方是25的数是________13. (3分)梅岭中学数学课外小组利用数轴为学校门口的一条马路设计植树方案如下:第k棵树种植在点xk处,其中x1=1,当k≥2时,xk=xk﹣1+T()﹣T(),T(a)表示非负实数a的整数部分,例如T(2.6)=2,T(0.2)=0.按此方案,第2016棵树种植点x2016为________.14. (3分)某市高新技术产业产值突破110亿元,数据“110亿”用科学记数法可表示为________.15. (3分)已知x=2是关于x的方程a(x+1)=a+x的解,则a的值是________16. (3分) (2019七上·海安期末) 如图,阶梯图每个台阶上都标着一个数,从下到上的第1个至第4个台阶上依次标着﹣3,﹣2,8,5,任意相邻四个台阶上数的和都相等,则第6个台阶上数y的值为________.17. (3分) (2017七上·江门月考) 规定一种新的运算“*”:对于任意有理数x,y满足x*y=x-y+xy.例如,3*2=3-2+3×2=7,则2*1=________.18. (3分)(﹣2)+4+(﹣6)+8+…+(﹣98)+100=________三、解答题(共52分) (共8题;共48分)19. (6分) (2017七上·龙湖期末) 计算:(﹣2)3×4﹣(﹣5)÷ .20. (6分) (2019七上·昌平期中) 计算题:(1)﹣7+4(2)(﹣2)×5(3)(﹣﹣ + )÷(4).21. (6分)(2015八上·广州开学考) 分析计算,灵活计算(1)(2)÷ - x(3) 16x( - - )22. (6分)(2011·连云港) 2×(﹣5)+23﹣3÷ .23. (6分)计算:27÷(-3)2-(-)×(-8)24. (2分)为进一步建设秀美、宜居的生态型环境,某村欲购买甲、乙、丙三种树美化村庄.已知甲、乙、丙三种树每棵的价格之比为2∶2∶3,甲种树每棵200元.现计划用210 000元资金,购买这三种树共1 000棵.(1)求乙、丙两种树每棵各多少元?(2)若购买甲种树的棵数是乙种树的2倍,且恰好用完计划资金,求这三种树各能购买多少棵?(3)若又增加了10 120元的购树款,在购买总棵数不变的前提下,求丙种树最多可以购买多少棵?25. (8分) (2019八下·师宗月考) 如图,字母b的取值如图所示,化简|b-2|+ .26. (8.0分)数学家发明了一个魔术盒,当任意有理数数对(a,b)进入其中时,会得到一个新的有理数:a2+b+1.例如:把(3,-2)放入其中,就会得到32+(-2)+1=8.现将有理数数对(-2,3)放入其中,得到有理数m,再将有理数数对(m,1)放入其中后,得到的有理数是多少?参考答案一、单项选择题(共12分) (共6题;共12分)1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-1、6-1、二、填空题(共36分) (共12题;共36分)7-1、8-1、9-1、10-1、11-1、12-1、13-1、14-1、15-1、16-1、17-1、18-1、三、解答题(共52分) (共8题;共48分)19-1、20-1、20-2、20-3、20-4、21-1、21-2、21-3、22-1、23-1、24-1、25-1、26-1、。
2015学年度第二学期3月教学质量自主调研
六年级数学
一、选择题
1. 4-的绝对值是()
A. 14
B. 14-
C. 4
D. 4-
2. 下列等式成立的是()
A. 112222⎛⎫
+-= ⎪⎝⎭ B. 1(1)2---=
C. 1212⎛⎫-⨯-
=- ⎪⎝⎭ D. 23132⎛⎫÷-=- ⎪⎝⎭ 3. 计算42-的结果是()
A. 8-
B. 8
C. 16-
D. 16 4. 用科学记数法表示1340000为1.3410n ⨯,其中n 为()
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7 5.
2x =-是下列哪个方程的解() A. 324x += B. 3(1)30x +-= C. 12x = D. 5103
x +-= 6. 设a 为最小的正整数,b 是最大的负整数,c 是绝对值最小的数,d 是倒数等于自身的有理数,则a b c d -+-的值为()
A. 1
B. 3
C. 1或3
D. 2或-1
二、填空题
7. 如果把向东走20米记作+20米,那么向西走50米记作_______________. 8. 213
-的相反数是_______________. 9. 比较大小:23-________9--(填“>”、“<”或“=”符号).
10. 数轴上离开原点2.9个单位长度的点表示的数是___________.
11. 计算:1124⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭
_______________. 12. 计算:32100205⎛⎫⨯-= ⎪⎝⎭
_______________. 13. 计算:3313(1)--⨯-=_______________.
14. 据有关资料显示,长江三峡工程电站的总装机容量是18200000千瓦,请你用科学记数法表示电站的总装机容量,应记为____________千瓦
15. 若420x y ++-=,则xy =_______________.
16. 如果方程32mx x +=+的解是1x =,那么m 的值是_______________.
17. 12345620132014-+-+-+-L 的值是_______________.
18. 规定运算*,1*2(1)3a b a b ⎛⎫=+⨯- ⎪⎝⎭,那么
1*(17)2-=_______________.
三、简答题
19. 计算:2357(13)(27)-+---+
20. 计算:713(18)39610⎛⎫⎛⎫-⨯-÷- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭
21. 计算:71115224 2.5182182⎛⎫⨯--⨯+ ⎪⎝⎭ 22. 计算:23413(3)24274⎛⎫-⨯-+-÷+ ⎪⎝⎭
23. 在数轴上标出下列各数所对应的点,再用“<”把他们连接起来
(1)324
;(2) 2.5-;(3)3的相反数;(4)绝对值等于1的数
四、解答题
24. 某城市六年级学生的平均身高为155cm .下表是某学校一个六年级小组的同学的身高与平均身高的比较情况.(高于平均身高用正数表示,低于平均身高用负数表示)
25. 已知a 、b 互为相反数,c 、d 互为倒数,x 的绝对值等于2. 试求:220162016()()()x a b cd x a b cd -+++++-的值
26. 已知有理数a 、b 、c 在数轴上的位置如图
化简:11a b b a c c +-+----
27. 观察下列算式并完成填空:
211=
21342+==
213593++==
2135716(
)+++== 按上述规律填空:
(1)213579()++++=
(2)21352011()++++=L
(3)2135(21)(
)n +++++=L (n 为正整数)
参考答案
一、选择题
1. C
2. D
3. C
4. C
5. D
6. C 二、填空题
7. -50米 8. 213 9. = 10. 2.9± 11. 34- 12. -25 13. 2
14. 71.8210⨯ 15. -8
16. 0 17. -1007
18. -51 三、简答题
19. 20 20. 10
3
21. -15
22. 4 23. 3
3 2.51124
-<-<-<< 四、解答题
24. 低,1厘米
25. 3或7
26. 0
27. 4; 5; 1006;1n +。