回火马氏体复型像
19
非晶粒子的形貌像
a) TEM and SAED images of the amorphous MnOx–C nanoparticles; b) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping image of distribution of elemental carbon and Mn in the amorphous MnOx–C nanoparticles.
C N0 (
02
A2
2t 2
01
A1
1t1 )
For most replica specimens (or amorphous material), they have the same 0, , A. Thus 0 0 C N0 (t 2 t1 ) N 0 t A A i.e., contrast is mainly dependent on the thickness difference t. The greater the t, the higher the contrast.
Assume incident beam with intensity I0 passes though zone 1 of the specimen with thickness t1 and total scattering cross section Q1. When the beam go out of zone 1, its intensity is I1. While the beam intensity is I2 when it goes out of zone 2 of the specimen with thickness t2 and total scattering cross section Q2. The contrast is