步步高人教新课标高二英语必修 5 Unit 3 Life in the future导学案
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高中英语 必修
5 Unit 3 Life in the future
编稿老师
关志国 一校 杨雪 二校 黄楠 审核 李文英
重点单词
1. 学习单词，注意重点单词的用法并灵活运用这些单词。
2. 牢记核心单词的介词搭配及其重要用法。
重点：lack, tolerate, instant, switch, require
难点：lack作名词与动词的用法以及require后跟虚拟语气的用法。
【单词学习】
1. lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西
lack＋n.缺乏，缺少
lack for＋n. (多用于否定句中)（不）乏，（不）缺少
for/through lack of ＋n. 因缺乏„„
a lack of ＋n. 缺乏„„
no lack of 不缺乏，不缺少
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
尽管缺钱,他的父母设法送他上大学。
The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dressed.
虽然父母亲衣着朴素,但孩子们什么都不缺。
Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, of which the lack of water/lacking water is the
worst.
居住在沙漠里牵涉很多问题,其中缺水是最严重的问题。
lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in… 缺少
She felt nervous, increasingly lacking in confidence about herself.
她感到紧张，对自己越来越没有信心。
She’s not usually lacking in confidence.
她平时并不缺乏自信心。
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ________ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack
C. need D. demand
答案：B
思路分析：句意：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。a lack of缺乏。
2. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
tolerate sb./ sth.容忍某人、某事
tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候,新的环境让我难以忍受。
Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.
那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。
I can’t tolerate (you) speaking to your mother in such a rude manner.
我不容许你用这种无礼的方式跟你母亲说话。
I can’t tolerate being laughing at in front of so many people.
我无法忍受当着这么多人的面被嘲笑。
常见的表示“容忍，忍受”的其他结构：
stand (sb.) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事
bear sb. doing / to do sth. 忍受/容忍某人做某事
put up with sb. / sth. 忍受；容忍
I can’t stand people interrupting me all the time.
我不能容忍老有人打岔。
I couldn’t bear not seeing him again.
我不能忍受再也见不到他。
He can’t bear people smoking while he is eating.
他受不了有人在他吃东西的时候吸烟。
She always puts up with his violent temper.
她总是忍受着他暴躁的脾气。
Some old people don’t like pop music because they can’t ________ so much noise.
A. concern B. tolerate
C. undertake D. ignore
答案：B
思路分析：考查动词辨析。句意:有些老人不喜欢流行音乐,因为他们难以忍受流行音乐的噪音。用tolerate表示“忍受”。concern“关注，关心，担忧”；undertake“承担，从事，保证，答应”；ignore“忽视，不理睬”。
3. instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的
for an instant 一瞬间
in an instant＝immediately立刻
at that instant 在那一瞬间
in instant need of help 急需援助
instant food 方便食品，即时食品
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
He will come back in an instant.
他很快就回来。
He couldn’t answer the question for an instant.
他一时答不上来。
In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
他马上脱掉衣服跳进了水里。
We can’t promise instant solutions, but we can promise to listen.
我们不能保证立刻给予解决,但保证能认真听取意见。
the instant 相当于as soon as，可以用来引导时间状语从句，表示“一„„就„„”。
常用于表示“一„„就„„”的结构：
as soon as…一„„就„„
on / upon＋n. / doing一„„就„„
the instant / the moment/ the second名词用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一„„就„„”
immediately / directly / instantly副词用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一„„就„„”
She let out a cry as soon as she saw the snake.
她一见到蛇，就发出叫喊声。
On his graduation, he began to work for a big firm in New York.
他一毕业就开始在纽约的一家大公司上班了。
On seeing the snake, she let out a cry.
一见到蛇，她就发出了叫喊声。
I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.
我一眼就认出她了。
Instantly / The instant (that) / Immediately / The moment I saw him I knew he was the man
the police were looking for.
我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。
—Did you recognize your former classmate whom you hadn’t seen for many years at the
party yesterday?
—Yes, I recognized him ________ I saw him.
A. frequently
B. constantly
C. quickly
D. instantly
答案：D
思路分析：frequently频繁地;constantly不断地;quickly很快地;instantly立即,马上。A、B、C选项均为副词。而D选项除了有副词词性外,还有连词词性,可引导句子,意为“一„„就„„”,根据句意可知应选D。
4. switch vt.转换 n. 开关；转换
switch off 切断;关掉
switch on 接上;打开
switch(over) to... 变换到„„
switch from...to...由„„转变为„„
The moment he got home, he switched on the TV to watch the football match.
一回到家,他就打开电视看足球赛。
I was so careless that I forgot to switch off the computer when leaving the office.
我太马虎了,以至于离开办公室时竟然忘了关电脑。
According to the airline rules, we suggest you (should)switch off your mobile phone before
boarding.
根据航空规则,我们建议你登机前关掉手机。
We’d take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the train, then maybe a taxi.
我们会坐火车去市中心,然后转乘公交,换乘缆车,接着可能会坐出租车。
Hearing footsteps outside the door, she __________ her talk to another topic.
A. switched B. exchanged
C. asked D. stopped
答案：A
思路分析：本题考查动词词义辨析，switch...to... “把„„转换成„„”。句意为“一听到门外的脚步声，她立刻把谈话转向了另外一个话题”。exchange “交换”，不合题意。
5. require vt.需要；要求；命令；想要；务必
require sth. of sb. 要求某人的某物
require sb. to do sth.要求/命令某人做某事
