2022年人教版高二英语必修五Unit 3 Life in the futureGrammar 学案
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年级：高二
Learning
contents Period three
Grammar :
Past participles used as the predicate 教师个案
学生笔记
Learning
aims Grasp the usages of the grammar
Learning
important
points
The usages of the grammar
Learning
difficult
points
The usages of the grammar
Learning
methods Summarizing and practicing
[来源: ZXXK]
[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
Learning
procedure
Step one: Revision
过去分词： 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当_______,______, ___________,_______等成分。
Step two: Explanation
过去分词做状语的用法：
过去分词作状语修饰谓语动词，可以表示
Learning
procedure
_____、____、____、_____、________或________等，在意义上相当于状语从句。
1.过去分词作时间状语
Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake
has a delicate 〔精美的〕 shape.
When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh
snowflake〔雪花〕 has a delicate shape.
注意：可在过去分词前加上连词when, while,
until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。
2. 表示原因
表示原因，相当于由as, since, 或because 引导的原因状语从句.
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.
As they were exhausted, the children fell…[来源: ]
3. 表示条件
表示条件,相当于if, unless引导的条件状语
从句.
Heated, water changes into steam.
=If it is heated, water changes into steam.
4.表示让步
表示让步，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句.
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
=Though he was laughed at by many people,
he continued his study.
5. 表示方式或伴随
过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换.
The old man entered the meeting room,
supported by a young fellow.
=The old man entered the meeting room and
was supported by a young fellow.
6. 过去分词作状语需要注意的几个问题
过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致.
当被问到为什么迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。
Asked why she was late, her face went red. ×
Asked why she was late, she went red in the
face. √
过去分词的独立主格结构
另外, 分词作状语时, 如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或
with复合结构来替代。
The signal given, the bus started.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
〔the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。〕
3.某些分词的固定结构不考虑与主语的一致关系
有些分词已成为固定结构，在词性上已转化为介词，使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑他们与主语之间的关系。
常见的有以下几种：
judging by/from…
根据……判断；由……断定
provided/providing (that)…
假设，倘假设……；在……条件下；除非
given… 倘假设……；假定…
4.“连词＋过去分词〞作状语
过去分词有时可以与连词构成“连词＋过去分词〞结构作状语。实际上就是状语从句的省略现象。
这些连词有：when, once, if, unless, though, as
if, although, even if, even though, than, as
等。
5.过去分词作状语时不表被动或完成意义的情况
有些过去分词已形容词化，来源于系表结构，作状语时已看不出被动或完成意义。如:
(be) lost in 沉湎于 (be) seated 坐 (be) born 出身于(be) dressed in 穿着
(be) interested in 感兴趣
(be) tired of 厌烦
(be) worried about 担忧
6. 过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作状语，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开；有时插在句子中间。
1. Seen from the hill , the city looks
magnificent.
从山上看，这座城市非常壮观。
2.They came in, followed by their wives and
children.
他们进来了，夫人和孩子们紧随其后。
3.Tom, horrified at what he had done, could
say nothing.
汤姆由于对他做的事感到恐惧，一时说不出话来。
7. 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别 :
1〕现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成主动关系。
Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a
wonderful view of our city. 2〕过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作与句子主语之间构成被动关系。
Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks
more beautiful.
3)不定式作状语，一般表示目的。
To get a wonderful view of our city, we
climbed to the top of the tower.
Step Three:
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相匹配。
impress; pour; speak
. Once ______, a word becomes a promise.
. Once ______, water cannot be taken back
again.
. __________ by the beautiful scenery, I
forgot to go back home in time.
A.覆水难收 B.流连忘返
C.一言既出, 驷马难追
2. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. ____ (use) in this way, the word shouldn’t
be taken as a verb. [来源: ]
2. _______ (arm) with special guns, knives
and brushes, two space walking astronauts
practiced fixing the spacecraft. 3. Though _______ (catch) in a traffic jam, we
managed to arrive at the airport.
4. Susan is not easy to get along with. But
once _____ (gain), her friendship will last
forever.
Step five：Summary
Step six : Rethink and ask questions
[来源:学+科+网]
Step seven: Homework
