陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句精讲精练

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句讲解与练习一、陈述句陈述句就是表达一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。

陈述句的分类陈述句可以分为肯定式和否认式两种。

1.肯定式第一种：主语+谓语+其他，如Lucy likes playing sports.I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week.She can ride the bike.第二种：主语+系动词+表语，如：This room is empty.We are good friends .2.否认式陈述句的否认式有以下三种：第一种就是Be动词加，后面not 构成否认句。

如：lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday.第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或助动时，要用"do/dose/did +not 构成否认。

如：Idon’t like music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit.第三种：谓语动词为"助动词、情态动词+实义动词〞时，要用"助动词/情态动词+not〞构成否认。

如：I am not going to play puter games.Harry must not go to school at night.We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。

1.一般疑问句通常以be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，答复时用Yes, No, 朗读时要用升调。

2.特殊疑问句是对句子*一局部的疑问句。

特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。

疑问词有who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。

四种句子练习：陈述句+疑问句+祈使句+感叹句（附超详细解析）一、单项选择1.I’ve never seen anyone run so fast—______David go.A.just watchB.just to watchC.just watchingD.just having watched2.—English has large vocabulary,hasn't it?—Yes,_________more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A.KnowB.KnowingC.To knowD.Known3.—Sorry,Joe,I didn’t mean to…—Don’t call me“Joe”.I’m Mr Parker to you,and you forget it!A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t4._____it with me and I'll see what I can do.A.When leftB.LeavingC.If you leaveD.Leave5.－Alice,you feed the bird today,______?－But I fed it yesterday.A.do youB.will youC.didn't youD.don't you6.She never tells a lie,_______?A.does sheB.doesn't sheC.does not sheD.isn't it7.She hardly ever speaks to you in English,_______?A.does sheB.doesn't sheC.can sheD.can't she8.It's a fine day. Let’s go fishing,________?A.won't weB.will weC.don't weD.shall we9.Don’t smoke in the meeting room,_________?A.do youB.will youC.can youD.could you10.Be sure to write to us,________?A.will youB.aren't youC.can youD.mustn't you11.—You haven’t been to Beijing,have you?—_____.How I wish to go there!A.Yes,I haveB.Yes,I haven’tC.No,I haveD.No,I haven’t12.Susan's found her pass,_______?A.isn't sheB.is sheC.hasn't sheD.was she13.I don't think you've heard of him before,_______?A.have youB.haven't youC.do ID.don't you14.He seldom has lunch at school,_______?A.hasn’t heB.has heC.doesn’t heD.does he15.He is expected to make a speech this afternoon,_______?A.is he notB.isn't heC.is not heD.isn't it16.His wife had the front door painted green yesterday,_______she？A.didB.hadC.didn'tD.hadn't17.I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,_______?A.do IB.don’t IC.will theyD.won’t they18.If I knew the answer,I wouldn't be working,________?A.didn't IB.did IC.would ID.wouldn't I19.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_______?A.did theyB.didn’t theyC.did itD.didn’t it20._______some of this juice—perhaps Gen’ll like it.A.TryingB.TryC.To tryD.Have tried21.______at the door before entering,please.A.KnockedB.To knockC.KnockingD.Knock22._______!There is a train coming.A.Look outB.Look aroundC.Look forwardD.Look at23.________we have today!A.A fine weatherB.What a fine weatherC.How a fine weatherD.What fine weather24.Oh,John._________you gave us!(1990)A.How a pleasant surpriseB.How pleasant surpriseC.What a pleasant surpriseD.What pleasant surprise25._________food you’ve cooked!A.How a niceB.What a niceC.How niceD.What nice26._______terrible weather we’ve been having these days!A.How aB.What aC.HowD.What27.________from Beijing to London!A.How long way it isB.What a long way is itC.How long way is itD.What a long way it is28.—Please don’t make a noise.—_________.A.I don’tB.I won’tC.No,I won’tD.Yes,I will29.He little realized that he made a big mistake,_________?A.didn't heB.hadn't heC.had heD.did he30.—Your father told me that he overslept this morning.—Oh, my father rarely used to oversleep,_________?A.wasn'tB.was heC.didn't heD.did he二、答案与解析1.【答案】A【句意】我从没看到有人跑这么快，看看大卫跑的。

句子的分类（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、①陈述句：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

Light travels faster than sound.（说明事实）The film is rather boring.（说明看法）②疑问句：提出问题。

有以下四种：a.一般疑问句：Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗？b.特殊疑问句：Where do you live?你住那儿？c.选择疑问句：Do you want tea or coffee?d.反意疑问句：He doesn't know her, does he?③祈使句：提出请求，建议或发出命令。

Sit down, please.请坐。

Don't be nervous!别紧张！④感叹句：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。

What good news it is!多好的消息啊！（二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：①简单句（）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。

五种基本句型：②并列句：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。

The food was good, but he had little appetite. (主)(谓) (主)(谓)食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。

③复合句：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导。

The film had begun when we got to the cinema.主句从句我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。

走进“宾语从句”什么是宾语？宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。

宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

①【定义】宾语从句：是主从复合句的一种。

主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。

主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。

[知识要点梳理]一、英语句子按用途可分为四类：1、陈述句：用来说明事实或说话人的看法，包括肯定句和否定句。

如：He is a doctor.I didn’t go to school yesterday.2、祈使句：用来表示请求、命令。

如：Be quiet！Don’t play with fire！3、问句：用来提出问题。

包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。

如：Do you like EnglishWhat time is itDoes he like playing football or playing basketballThey went out, didn’t they4、感叹句：用来表达强烈的感情。

如：What a fine day it is！How beautiful！二、用法讲析：1、陈述句：中考出题一般是将肯定句变为否定句。

几种常见形式：(1)含有谓语动词be，变否定时，be后加not即be not……I am a teacher → I am not a teacher.There are some books→There are not any books.(2)句子谓语动词是实义动词(如：work live)时，要用助动词do/does/did + not+ 动词原形。

如：They like swimming→They don’t like swimming.I came late → I didn’t come late(3) 句中含有all，both的句子，变完全否定时，要将all→none, both→neither,both…and…→ neither…nor…要注意谓语动词的变化。

如：All of us watched the TV → None of us watched the TV.Both of them are students.→Neither of them is a student.Both Tom and John have done the homework.→Neither Tom nor John has done the homework.(4)现在完成时、过去完成时态的句子变否定时变为have/has+not+done或had+not+done(5) had better do something变否定时为had better not do…如：You’d better have a rest → You’d better not have a rest.2、疑问句：（1）一般疑问句：一般指用Yes或No回答的疑问句。

第20讲句子的种类（陈述和疑问、祈使和感叹、倒装和强调）（模拟精练+真题演练）一、单项选择1．（2023·福建南平·统考二模）Students and teachers ________ wear masks at school now.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t2．（2023·四川凉山·统考模拟预测）People sure change. For example, I ________ eat vegetable salad, but now I start to try some.A．am used to B．didn’t use to C．used to3．（2022·黑龙江鸡西·校考模拟预测）—Would you please say your QQ number again? I ________ catch it.—53295568.A．don’t B．won’t C．didn’t4．（2022·河北保定·统考一模）Ten months __________ a long time, but it’s enough for us to build the bridge.A．is B．isn’t C．are D．aren’t5．（2022·江苏南通·统考模拟预测）—Susan, why are you in the classroom? All your classmates are on the bus.—I’m sorry, but I ________what time to get on the bus.A．am not tell B．didn’t tell C．haven’t told D．wasn’t told6．（2022·吉林长春·统考一模）—Jenny, I can’t find my glasses ________. Did you see it?—Sorry, I didn’t.A．everywhere B．anywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere7．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—________ will your mom come back?—In two weeks.A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How much8．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics is coming. Can you tell me ________ it is held?—Every four years.A．how long B．how often C．how soon9．（2023·吉林长春·统考模拟预测）—________ is it from your home to Xihu Park?— It’s about 2 kilometers.A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon10．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—How long can I keep the books?—_______A．Three years old.B．Three times.C．Three days.D．Very often.11．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测）—________ are you going to the airport?—By bus.A．What B．How C．When D．Why12．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）Take action now, ________ you can’t achieve your goal.A．but B．so C．and D．or13．（2023·吉林·模拟预测）—Mary, ________ worry about what to wear today. Your smile goes with any clothes.—Thank you, Mom.A．not B．don’t C．doesn’t14．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）Tony, ________ to the front door to see who is knocking.A．go B．goes C．to go15．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）Work hard, ________ you’ll find a way out.A．so B．or C．and16．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）Please ________ back to your seat, Yu Jun. You did a good job.A．go B．to go C．going D．gone17．（2023·江西九江·统考二模）Hurry up, ________ we will miss the last subway.A．but B．and C．or D．so18．（2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模）Please ________ make any noise in the library. It will disturb others.A．don’t B．not to C．not D．won’t19．（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）________ terrible weather it is! It is said that it will get sunny later.A．What B．How C．What a20．（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）John! You’ve passed the exam. ________ pleasant surprise you gave us!A．How B．What a C．What21．（2023·海南·校联考二模）—Our school won the soccer game this afternoon!—________ exciting news it is! We are all happy about it.A．What B．What an C．How22．（2023·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）______ wonderful time they were having in the town at this time yesterday afternoon!A．What a B．What C．How a D．How23．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）— Look! All the trees are green now.— ________ fresh spring morning it is!A．How B．What C．What a D．What an24．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）Look at the little cat over there! ________ lovely it is!A．What a B．What C．How a D．How25．（2023·江苏宿迁·校联考三模）________ information we can get from the Internet! Thanks to the excellent website.A．What useful B．What a useful C．How useful D．How useless26．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模）________ delicious and cheap Zibo food is! You’d better have a try.A．How B．How a C．What D．What a27．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考二模）—_______ exciting time we had during the Water Festival!—Yeah! I hope we can come back next year.A．What B．How C．What an D．How an28．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）________ hard Tim was working on his homework! He even didn’t notice his mom enter the room.A．How B．How a C．What D．What a29．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）— I didn’t go to Tom’s birthday party yesterday. What about you?—________, because I was preparing for the exam all the time.A．Nor do I B．Neither did I C．Neither am I D．Nor was I30．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）—I will not give up my dreams though there are many difficulties.—________.A．So will I B．Neither will IC．Neither won’t I D．So won’t I31．（2023·甘肃天水·天水市逸夫实验中学校考模拟预测）—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework ________.—If you don’t go, ________.A．doing；so do I B．to do；neither will IC．to doing；so will I D．to do；neither do I32．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）—Will you go to the Max City tomorrow?—If you don’t go, ________.A．so do I B．so will I C．neither do I D．neither will I33．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考三模）—Would you like to go camping with us this Sunday?—If Jim goes, ________.A．so do I B．so will I C．so I will34．（2023·安徽合肥·校考一模）—Oh, dear. You have stepped on my foot.—Oh, ________. I’m terribly sorry.A．so have I B．so did I C．so I have D．so I do35．（2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测）—It’s such a wonderful experience!—________ I hope I can come to do it next time!A．So it is.B．So is it.C．So does it.36．（2020·安徽合肥·合肥市第四十二中学校考一模）—Wang Hong speaks English very well.—_______. She can talk with Americans freely.A．So she does B．So does she C．Neither she does D．Neither does she 37．（2020·湖南长沙·长沙麓山国际实验学校校考三模）— Father, you promised!—Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.A．so I was B．so I did C．so have I38．（2021·云南曲靖·统考一模）—Mr. Li is a great teacher. He gave really clear instructions during his class. —________. I admire him so much.A．So he did B．So did he C．So it was D．So was it39．（2023·吉林四平·校联考三模）—The young man seldom did the housework after he bought the robot,________?—No. He could relax and have time to practise “Shuttlecock Exercise” (毽子操).A．did he B．didn’t he C．was he40．（2023·山东菏泽·统考三模）—________ you ever ________ The Great Wall of China?—No, I haven’t. I hope I can go there next year.A．Did; go to B．Have; been to C．Have; gone to二、语法选择（2023·广东广州·统考二模）There was a king who loved art. One day an artist came and hoped to paint a picture on 41 wall. The king happened to have a big new hall built 42 he allowed the artist to work on one of the walls.At the same time, 43 artist came and asked to work on the opposite wall. He promised to make the same picture as the first artist’s without 44 at it. He asked to have a thick cloth 45 can be put up between the two walls so that neither of them could see each other.The following day they started 46 . The first artist 47 paint, oil, water and so on. The second one came with a towel and a bucket.A month later, the first artist’s work 48 , and the second artist said, “My wall 49 ready, too!”The king went to see the first artist’s wall. He was very 50 with it and gave the artist a lot of money. He then opened the cloth.Amazing! Each line was exactly the same as that on the opposite wall. The king was quite satisfied with the second artist and gave 51 double money. However, he wondered 52 he had made it. “I just wipe the wall with the towel,” the man said 53 . The wall was made 54 white marble (大理石). He made it shine like a mirror. The reflection (倒影) of the first painting showed up on it!The world is also a reflection of you. 55 you are sad, the world will be sad. You are happy and the world will be happy, too.41．A．a B．an C．the D．I42．A．or B．so C．but D．because43．A．other B．others C．the others D．another44．A．look B．looks C．looking D．looked一、单项选择1．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）—Luosang, ________—I went there by plane.A．why did you go to Lhasa?B．when did you go to Lhasa?C．how did you go to Lhasa?D．who did you go to Lhasa with?2．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）—You look so young. Are you a student?—________. I’m a student from China.A．Yes, I do B．Yes, I am C．No, I don’t D．No, I won’t 3．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）—________ does the museum open at weekends?—At 9:00 am.A．How B．Where C．Why D．When4．（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel?—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.A．how far B．how long C．how soon D．how much5．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）— ________ have you been a member of the football team?—For two years.A．How much B．How often C．How many D．How long6．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）— Which season do you like better in Changchun, winter or autumn?— _______. I like playing with snow.A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Winter D．Autumn7．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—You haven’t visited the Palace Museum, have you?—________ How I wish to visit it some day!A．No, I haven’t.B．Yes, I haven’t.C．Yes, I have.8．（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）—Will she come back soon?—Yes, ________.A．she is B．she will C．she does9．（2022·四川·统考中考真题）—________ is it from your home to school, Peter?—Only ten minutes’ walk.A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon 10．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）— ________ do you visit your grandparents, Simon?— Twice a month.A．How often B．How soon C．How long D．How much11．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it? —Perhaps it’s Mary’s.A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why12．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Jean knew nothing about the news until her aunt told her, ________________?A．didn’t; she B．did; she C．didn’t; Jean13．（2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Mum, let’s order some food online for dinner, ________?—Good idea. I’d like some beef dumplings.A．will you B．won’t you C．shall we14．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）— Do you like travelling by train or by plane?— ________. Because I love to see farms and animals along the way.A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．By train D．By plane15．（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）—Dad, shall we go to the library by bike or by car?—________. There is no parking lot there.A．Yes, we will B．No, we won’t C．By car D．By bike16．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy.A．and B．or C．but D．for17．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Don’t ________ any noise when you are in the library.A．makes B．make C．making D．made18．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Don’t throw rubbish everywhere, ________ our environment will get worse.A．but B．so C．and D．or19．（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）Don’t run in the hallways, ________ you might get hurt.A．and B．but C．so D．or20．（2022·四川广元·统考中考真题）— ______ silent, please! You are in the library.—I’m sorry, madam.A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Kept21．（2022·四川遂宁·统考中考真题）—Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous.—Sorry, Ms. Black.A．do B．don’t C．not D．doesn’t22．（2023·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）—The pen can translate what you write down into English.—________ interesting invention!A．What B．What an C．How D．What a23．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—Have you heard that Mr. Zhang saved his neighbor from a big fire last night?—Yes. ________ brave the young man is!A．What a B．How C．What D．How a24．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）________ good book you offered us! It really helps us a lot.A．How B．How a C．What D．What a25．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）_______ exciting singing contest they had yesterday!A．What B．How C．What an D．How an26．（2022·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）—China launched（发射）the manned spacecraft Shenzhou-14 successfully on June 5, 2022.—________ exciting news! We are proud of it.A．What B．What an C．How D．How an27．（2022·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）Bing Dwen Dwen is one of the 2022 Winter Olympic mascots(吉祥物). ________ lovely it is!A．What a B．How C．What an D．What28．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）—She’s never read the book Journey to the West. How about you?— ________ .A．So am I B．Neither have I C．So have I D．Neither do I29．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）— Li Ping, I didn’t go summer camping last year.— _________.A．So did I B．Neither did I C．Neither I did D．So I did30．（2020·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）—Tom is always ready to help others.—________. He often helps me with my English.A．So he is B．So he does C．So is he D．So does he二、语法选择What do you think of your parents? I am always very pleased 31 them. 32 I have grown up,I act like a small child sometimes. This feeling lets me 33 free and relaxed. In my opinion, things seem34 in the world of adults’ than those of children’s.One day, I went to buy some Christmas cards for my friends. After I went in, the shop-keeper showed me 35 I could choose the cards. I met a young mother and her baby there.There 36 a lot of toys on the shelf. It was 37 high that the little girl was not able to pick up a toy. The young mother tried 38 by the shelf closely, but it was still too difficult for the little girl. Then the young mother stopped. She picked up a toy for her child and made her 39 .The big smile 40 was on the face of the little girl made me think of my childhood. When I was a small child, my parents came along whenever I needed them. Almost every problem 41 for me. I almost got lost in that happy memory. Suddenly, the young mother’s words brought me back to 42 .“Dear, one day, when you become 43 adult, I hope you can manage your own life, ” she said to the little girl.The words woke 44 up. I was no longer a small child. I should learn to be independent and faceproblems 45 by myself. And my parents would certainly be proud of me. 31．A．at B．with C．for D．to 32．A．Whether B．If C．Although D．When 33．A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 34．A．much difficult B．more difficult C．most difficult D．the most difficult 35．A．when B．what C．who D．where 36．A．are B．were C．is D．was 37．A．so B．too C．very D．such 38．A．pass B．passed C．passes D．to pass 39．A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happiest 40．A．what B．who C．why D．which 41．A．was solving B．were solving C．was solved D．were solved 42．A．reality B．real C．really D．realize 43．A．a B．an C．the D．/44．A．I B．my C．mine D．me 45．A．brave B．braver C．bravely D．bravery。

英语陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句及练习一、陈述句1、概述用来叙述一个事实或观点的句子叫陈述句(declarative sentence)。

陈述句有肯定和否定两种形式，一般用降调，句末用句号。

They lead an active life which keeps up their normal body temperature, even in very cold winter weather.他们生活很活跃，即使在严寒的冬天也能保持正常的体温。

If you do have difficulties, it is better to try again another day.如果你的确有困难，最好改天再试一试。

This is a most troublesome case. 这是一个非常麻烦的案子。

2、语序陈述句的语序一般是“主语+谓语部分”，或“主语+系动词+表语”。

Plants grow well all the year round.一年四季植物生长良好。

His strong will doubled their efforts. 他的坚强意志使得他们加倍努力。

They read their own poems to each other.他们互相朗诵自己的诗歌。

I felt the floor move. 我感到地板在移动。

Radioactive matter is dangerous to work with.从事放射性物质工作是危险的。

That sounds a great idea! 听起来这是一个极好的主意！Her whole body went cold. 她全身发冷。

3、否定结构（1）用not和助动词或情态动词否定not一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。

The villagers didn't allow them to do this. 村民们没有允许他们这样做。

If they cannot do this, they have not really learned the spirit of the foreign language and cannot use it freely. 如果做不到这一点，他们就没有真正掌握外语的本质，也就不能运用自如。

►第20讲句子的种类（陈述和疑问、祈使和感叹、倒装和强调）（讲义）【复习目标】1.掌握陈述句和各类疑问句的构成和基本用法2.掌握感叹句中what和how引导词的选择3.掌握祈使句的用法4.掌握倒装句的构成和用法5.弄清强调句型【考情分析】【网络构建】考向一 陈述句和各类疑问句的构成和基本用法一、陈述句陈述句主要分为肯定句和否定句。

陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的句子，陈述句分为肯定句和否定句，备战2024年中考时要牢记陈述句的肯定形式及否定形式等用法。

疑问句可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句四大类。

中考英语试题一般考查这些疑问句的结构及其回答。

感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what 或how 引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。

感叹句是历年中考常考的题型，通常以单项选择的形式呈现。

对祈使句、倒装句和强调句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现，侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。

考向一：陈述句的肯定句式主要有五种基本句型：1. 主语+ 谓语（不及物动词）The rain stopped. 雨停了2. 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语Children are playing basketball. 孩子们在打篮球。

3. 主语+ 连系动词+ 表语Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄。

4. 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语My father bought me a computer. 我爸爸给我买了台电脑。

5. 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语He made his sister cried just now. 他刚刚把他妹妹弄哭了。

考向二：陈述句的否定句式1. 若句中有连系动词be、情态动词或助动词，则分别在它们的后面加上not。

His mother has already called the police for help. 他的母亲已经报警求助了。

简单句、并列句、复合句【知识点睛】 一、句子分类____________(____________________________)____________________________________________(_____________________)⎧⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩⎨⎪⎧⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩⎩ 、、、　按分 句子按分 、、　二、陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句 陈述句：用于说明事实或说话人的看法 疑问句：用于提问祈使句：用于表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等 感叹句：用于表达强烈的感情（一）陈述句有肯定和否定两种形式，多以句号结尾，读降调。

陈述句的否定式：1. be 的否定式（be 作系动词和助动词）2. 助动词、情态动词的否定式3. 除not 外，其他否定词也可以构成否定句1) 用no 表示，no = not any/a2) never 从不，决不，永不 seldom 很少 hardly 几乎不 3) little, few 几乎没有 4) no one/nobody 没有人5)nothing什么也没有6)neither of…没有什么(两者都不)；none of…没有任何，什么都没有(三者或三者以上都不)7)too…to…太……以至于不能……（二）疑问句1. 一般疑问句（1）用什么词提问，用什么词回答。

—Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗？—Yes, I am. 是的，我是。

/—No, I’m not. 不，我不是。

（2）否定的一般疑问句往往表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气。

（注意yes/no的翻译）—Don’t you watch TV at night? 你晚上不看电视吗？—Yes, I do. 不，我看电视。

/—No, I don’t. 是的，我不看电视。

（3）用其他词语代替yes/no，使语气更客气、委婉。

—Can you go to the movies with me? 你能和我一起去看电影吗？—I’m afraid not. I have much homework to do. 恐怕不行，我有很多作业要做。

初中英语知识点汇总：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句句子的类型（一）教学重点句子的类型：陈述句陈述句（包括肯定的或否定的）用来叙述一项事实。

陈述句的结构分为肯定结构和否定结构两种。

1、陈述句的肯定结构（1）主语与谓语的一致，句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上必须一致。

如：I was having dinner when he came in.He is now working at a bank.①谓语只跟主语的中心词保持一致，修饰词不影响主语的数：The quality of this kind of bike is poor.There be结构和其他倒装句中，谓语通常放在主语的前面，这时谓语是单数还是复数，要依后面的主语而定，如：There is no milk in the bottle.There are no students iin the classroom.②“one of ……”结构作主语，谓语应该用单数。

如：One of the students is absent.Making things is a good activity.What hurt her most is his words.③由and连接两个或两个以上的名词，由“both…and…”连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词通常用复数形式，如：Susan and Sally like pop music.The worker and the peasant are going to give us a talk.④单数名词后面有下面词语修饰时，主语不受这些词或词组的影响with…. like…as well as…together with…He, as well as his classmates, likes popular songs.Mr Li, together with his wife and two songs, is on holiday these days.⑤由连词“either…or…”,“neither…nor…”,“not only…but also…”,also, nor, or连接两个名词或代词，谓语动词的形式应与最近的主语保持一致Neither I nor my brother is good at maths.Either you or I’m wrong.注意：表示数量、时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

小学语文必会基础知识--句子
1、陈述句：用于告诉别人一件事或一个道理，表示陈述语气的句子，一般语调平和，句尾一般用句号。

例：（1）小明的好朋友是学生。

（2）明天我们去秋游。

（3）夜空中满是闪闪的星星。

2、疑问句：用于提出问题的句子，句尾语调上升，常有疑问词“呢、吗、呀、么”等等句尾用问号。

例：（1）这本书是你的吗？（2）你吃过午饭了吗？（3）他在做什么呢？
3、祈使句：表示命令、请求、希望或者劝阻的句子，根据语句语调可以用叹号、也可用句号。

例：（1）不许随便乱走！（2）请把那本书给我。

4、感叹句：用于抒发感情、表示感叹的句子，句尾用叹号。

例：（1）春天的景色真美呀！（2）种子的力量竟然有这么大！。

考点一陈述句之肯定句变否定句陈述句是用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等的句子。

包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

通常肯定句变否定句的方法是：1. 若句中有连系动词be、情态动词或助动词，则分别在它们的后面加上not。

如：His mother has already called the police for help.→His mother hasn’t called the police for help yet.例Sometimes you’re supposed to come early. (变为否定句)Sometimes you supposed to come early.解析：因为句中有连系动词are，所以在变否定句时，应在are后加not。

答案：are not2. 原句中没有连系动词be、助动词或情态动词时，要在行为动词前加助动词(do，does，did)与否定副词not。

并注意这时的行为动词要用原形。

另外，还需要将原句中的some改为any，too改为either，already改为yet。

如：The old man hurt his leg last Wednesday. →The old man didn’t hurt his leg last Wednesday.例He did some work this morning. (变为否定句) He do work this morning.解析：句子的谓语动词为did，变否定句时加助动词did 与not，注意这时的行为动词要用原形，句中的some变为any。

答案：didn’t，any3. 英语中有些肯定句与not连用只表示部分否定，所以在变为否定句时，只需将其中的某一(些)词语变为否定词即可。

常见的这类词有both→neither，all→none，both... and... →neither... nor... ，everyone/each→no one/nobody，each/either→neither，a few→few，a little →little。

栏目索引专题十三　简单句(陈述句、感叹句、疑问句、祈使句)总纲目录栏目索引栏目索引考点突破考点一　陈述句及疑问句考点突破陈述句陈述句用来陈述一件事或表达一种看法,有肯定和否定两种形式,句末通常用句号,读降调。

一、陈述句的肯定式结构:主语+谓语+其他。

如:That boy often helps others.那个男孩经常帮助别人。

考点突破栏目索引I went to the cinema yesterday.昨天我去看电影了。

二、陈述句的否定式1.be的否定式(1)be用作系动词时,陈述句结构为:主语+be+not+表语+其他。

如:She is not a teacher.她不是一个老师。

(2)be用作助动词,用于be doing/be going to do/be done等时态或被动语态中,陈述句结构为:主语+be+not+动词的现在分词或过去分词+其他。

如:Jim isn't playing football.吉姆没在踢足球。

The sweater isn't made of wool.这件毛衣不是羊毛做的。

栏目索引考点突破2.助动词、情态动词的否定式Man can't live without water.没有水人类不能生存。

3.除not外,其他否定词也可以构成否定句(1)用no表示,no=not any/a(n)。

如:He has no sisters.=He doesn't have any sisters.他没有姐妹。

(2)never绝不,从来不。

如:I have never seen such a man.我从没见过这样的人。

栏目索引考点突破(3)little,few几乎没有。

如:There are few students in the classroom.教室里几乎没有学生。

(4)no one/nobody 没有人。

如:No one/Nobody is interested in the book.没有人对这本书感兴趣。

专题12 四大句型（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句）(一) 陈述句一、陈述句的概念陈述是用于陈述事实和观点的句子，句末用句号如：He gets up at seven. 他七点钟起床。

(陈述事实)I don't think so. 我不这么认为。

(陈述观点)二、陈述句的分类1. 陈述句的肯定式①主语+系动词+表语如：This is my brother. 这是我哥哥。

Li Ming and Li Hua are good friends. 李明和李华是好朋友。

②主语+谓语+其他成分如：I read books on Sundays. 我在星期天读书。

He plays football every day. 他每天都踢足球。

2. 陈述句的否定式① be动词的否定式：在be动词后面直接加not如：I am a student. → I am not a student.He is reading. → He isn't reading.They are working. → They are not(aren't) working.②情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加not如：He can dance. → He can not (can't) dance.You should go to bed early. → You should not (shouldn't) go to bed early.③实义动词的否定式：在实义动词前加don't、doesn't或者didn't如：I like pop music. →I do not (don't) like pop music.He likes running. →He does not (doesn't) like running.He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn't) go to the zoo yesterday.基础闯关(限时10分钟满分10分)一、按要求写句子。