广西民族大学考研真题_民族学概论2017年

广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试(民族学概论)试题
试卷代号：A卷
科目代码：635
科目名称：民族学概论
考生须知 1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释（每小题5分，共4小题，共20分）
1.民族同化
2.民族调查“五同”
3.家庭
4.文化传播
二、简答题（每小题20分，共2小题，共40分）
1.简述当代的几种主要民族结构类型。

2.民间宗教有哪些表现形式？
三、论述题（每小题30分，共3小题，共90分）
1.开展田野调查应该使用哪些方法和技术？
2.中国历史上少数民族主要有哪些政治制度？
3.怎样理解斯大林的民族定义？。

广西民族大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试试题
（所有试题答案必须写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效）
学科专业：民族学研究方向：
考试科目：608 民族学概论试卷代号：A卷
一、名词解释（每题5分，共40分）
1．摩尔根
2、蒙古人种
3、民族
4、播化学派
5、马凌诺斯基
6、对偶婚
7、瑶老制
8、民族心理
二、简述题（每题10分，共50分）
1、简述原始宗教的共同特点。

2、根据婚俗的来源，婚俗还可以分为哪几种类型？
3、民族学最常用的调查方法有哪些？
4、西方民族学大体经历了哪三个发展阶段？
5、近期中国民族学的任务是什么？
三、论述题（每题30分，共60分）
1、试述民族学与现代化的关系
2、谈谈你为何要报考民族学专业？
第 1 页共 2 页。

广西民族大学2017年考研专业课初试真题
广西民族大学
2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题
试卷代号：A卷科目代码：629科目名称：东盟研究综合考试科目
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释（每小题12分，共3小题，共36分）
1.湄公河。

2.扶南王国。

3.ASEAN（东盟）。

二、简答题（每小题18分，共3小题，共54分）
1.《东南亚友好合作条约》的宗旨是什么？
2.请概述“东盟方式”的特点。

3.请简述“和平、自由、中立区”的构建过程。

三、论述题（每小题30分，共60分）
1.请阐述东南亚国家政治变革的表现。

2.请阐述东南亚的宗教文化。

第1页共1页
精都考研（）——全国100000考研学子的选择。

广西民族大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题
（所有试题答案必须写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效）
学科专业：民族学研究方向：
考试科目：民族学概论试卷代号：A卷
一、名词解释（每题3分，共30分）
1．布丰
2、“无语言的猿人”
3、“露西”
4、新心理学派
5、等级亲等制
6、文化相对论学派
7、“款”
8、“基本人格”
9、摩尔根
10、民族
二、简述题（每题10分，共70分）
1、简述语言与民族的关系。

2、简述“两种生产”理论的提出及内容。

3、简述社会形态研究的意义。

4、在涵化过程中，文化涵化过程可能会出现几种情况和结果？
5、反映直立人时期的标志是什么？
6、简述田野调查的基本方法。

7、请列出5位民族学（人类学）代表人物及其代表作（中外不限）。

三、论述题（共50分）
1、为什么说民族学是一门应用性很强的学科？举例论述。

（20分）
2、当前构建和谐社会应当处理好哪些问题？（30分）
第 1 页共 1 页。

2017年广西民族大学民族艺术通论考研真题A卷
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、简答题（每小题 15 分，共 3 小题，共 45 分）
1.左江花山岩画为什么能够入选《世界遗产名录》，成为世界文化遗产？
2.怎样理解民族艺术的社会传承与校园传承？
3.为什么说田野调查是民族艺术研究的主要方法？
二、辨析题（判断以下观点是否正确，简述判断的理由。

每小题 20 分，3 小题共 60 分）
1.民族艺术是静态的艺术。

2.民族艺术是与民间习俗密切相关的。

3.铜鼓艺术是多民族共有的民间艺术。

三、论述题题（45 分）
保护非物质文化遗产已经成为世界各国的共识。

请你从非物质文化遗产保护的角度谈谈应该怎样保护传承民族艺术。

广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：817科目名称：写作与翻译考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

I.Translate the following text into English（每小题20分，共2小题，共40分）（1）在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。

人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。

这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。

开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。

吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。

愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。

于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。

其中一个解释是因为开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。

（2）温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。

加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。

吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。

可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。

温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。

现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。

而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。

他们其中有一半是近5年才来温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人集居地。

II.Translate the following text into Chinese（每小题20分，共2小题，共40分）（1）Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death.In the young there is a justification for this feeling.Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best thingsthat life has to offer.But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows,and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do,the fear of death is somewhat pitiful and ignoble. The best way to overcome it—so at least it seems to me—is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal,until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede,and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life.An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first,narrowly contained within its banks,and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.Gradually the river grows wider,the banks recede,the waters flow more quietly,and in the end,without any visible break,they become merged in the sea,and painlessly lose their individual being.（2）I am lonely only when I am overtired,when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up.And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip,when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot,and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.第1页共2页。

广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：622科目名称：基础英语考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、Grammar,Vocabulary and General KnowledgeDirections:Find the ONE choice that best completes the sentence.（每小题1分，共40小题，共40分）1.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.They have enough time to finish the paper.B.Dad says the meat is not enough cooked.C.You are not old enough to buy alcohol.D.She plays well enough for a beginner.2.In“She felt sick from tiredness”,the italicized word is used to indicateparison.B.purpose.C.cause.D.direction.3.Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A.I will buy you a present.B.Mom gave me a necklace.C.I’m going to paint it pink.D.Tom is teaching children Japanese.4.Smoking is so harmful to health that it kills____each year than automobile accidents.A.more seven times peopleB.seven times more peopleC.more people seven timesD.people seven times more5.Sorry I’m late.I____have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.mightB.shouldC.mustn’tD.couldn’t6.Mr.White,together with all his colleagues,____for Europe this morning.A.are leavingB.leaveC.is leavingD.are to leave7.The new designed bedroom seems to be a great deal larger than____.A.it is necessaryB.being necessaryC.to be necessaryD.is necessary8.He was determined to sail around the world____his illness and old age.A.givenB.althoughC.despiteD.in spite9.Mr.White has become bad-tempered since he indulges in Gambling.He is no longer the man____used to be.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that10.You____call your father’s name directly.It’s impolite in China.A.oughtn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t11.It is not____much his appearance I like as his personality.A.asB.veryC.soD.that12.There is much chance____Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if13.They did the experiment____their chemistry teacher had instructed.A.asB.thoughC.untilD.when14.He was listening attentively in class,his eyes____on the blackboard.A.fixingB.fixedC.are fixingD.are fixed15.I don’t think____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thatB.thisC.youD.it16.Mary was____to tears by their criticism.A.sunkB.reducedC.forcedD.declined17.The police fortunately gained the key clew according to the foot mark in the____of theroad.A.clayB.dirtC.mudD.soil18.These magnificent____buildings demonstrate the great intelligence of the laboringpeople.A.antiqueB.ancientC.primitiveD.remote19.I don’t remember meeting him,but the name John Smith rings a bell.The underlined partmeans____.A.is omittedB.is warnedC.is appearingD.is familiar20.These goods are____for export,though a few of them may be sold on the homemarket.A.essentiallypletelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably21.Food will____if the temperature in your freezer rises above8℃.A.decayB.rotC.spoilD.corrupt22.The small company isn’t____of handling an order that large.A.ableB.capablepetentD.qualified23.Sometimes it’s good to stop for a while to think about the past and____the future.A.contaminateB.contemplateC.consolidateD.contradict24.School fees,illness,house repairs and other____have reduced his bank balance to almostnothing.A.paymentB.amountC.figuresD.expenses25.Many people,including college students of all ages,spend little time in____of physicalfitness.A.searchB.viewC.lightD.pursuit26.There’s no denying that as we age____,our body ages right along with us.A.chronologicallyB.significantlyC.deceptivelyD.deliberately27.We made an effort not to leave my friend out in the cold when we were planning thebirthday party.The underlined part means____.A.embarrassB.humiliateC.ignoreD.exhaust28.The company has to make its accounts and operations as____as possible.A.distinctB.evidentC.explicitD.transparent29.His ability to absorb information was astonishing,but his concentration____was short.A.gapB.intervalC.spanD.distance30.She is generally____as one of the best modern poets.A.classedB.gradedC.rankedD.rated31.____is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A.The Glorious RevolutionB.The English ReformationC.The RenaissanceD.The English Civil War32.In the US,the largest city along the Pacific Coast is____A.San FranciscoB.Los Angeles.C.Seattle.D.Chicago.33.In Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury,he used the technique of____,in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of a character.A.imagismB.stream of consciousnessC.naturalismD.symbolism34.Percy Bysshe Shelley did not write____A.Song of Myself.B.Prometheus Unbound.C.Ode to the West Wind.D.Queen Mab.35.____is not a modernist novelist of Britain.A.James JoyceB.Virginia WoolfC.wrence D.Henry James36.____is the manifestation of grammatical relationships through the addition of affixes,such as number,person,finiteness,aspect and case,which don’t change the grammatical class of the stems to which they are attached.A.Word formationB.InflectionpoundD.Derivation37.One way to analyze lexical meaning isA.predication analysis.B.stylistic analysis.ponential analysis.D.proposition analysis.38.____is NOT the characteristic of conversational implicature.A.CalculabilityB.CancellabilityC.DetachabilityD.Non-conventionality39.A sound pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating is said to be____sound.A.voicelessB.voicedC.consonantD.resonant40.Which function is the major role of language?rmative.B.Interpersonal.C.Performative.D.Emotive.二、ClozeDirections:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked[A]，[B]，[C]and[D].You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.（每小题1分，共20小题，共20分）According to BT's futurologist,Ian Pearson,these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of1,000years),when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.Pearson has__1__together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a__2__millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key__3__and discoveries to take place.Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine,including an__4__life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs__5__into use between now and2040.Pearson also__6__a breakthrough in computer human links.“By linking__7__to our nervous system,computers could pick up__8__we feel and,hopefully,simulate__9__too so that we can start to__10__full sensory environments,rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,”he says.But that,Pearson points__11__,is only the start of man-machine__12__:“It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will__13__lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.”__14__his research,Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted.However,there are still no__15__for when faster-than-light travel will be__16__,or when human cloning will be perfected,or when time travel will be possible.But he does__17__social problems as a result of technological advances.A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will,for example,__18__problems in2010,while the arrival of synthetic__19__robots will mean people may not be able to__20__between their human friends and the droids.And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.1.[A]taken[B]pieced[C]kept[D]made2.[A]complicated[B]delicate[C]subtle[D]unique3.[A]breakthroughs[B]findings[C]events[D]incidents4.[A]expanded[B]extended[C]enlarged[D]enriched5.[A]being[B]becoming[C]carrying[D]coming6.[A]schedules[B]plans[C]predicts[D]designs7.[A]directly[B]instantly[C]precisely[D]automatically8.[A]that[B]how[C]what[D]all9.[A]thinking[B]hearing[C]sight[D]feeling10.[A]form[B]develop[C]find[D]undertake11.[A]out[B]at[C]to[D]toward12.[A]program[B]production[C]experiment[D]integration13.[A]finally[B]ultimately[C]utterly[D]absolutely14.[A]Through[B]Though[C]During[D]By15.[A]forecasts[B]articles[C]stories[D]meetings16.[A]advisable[B]affordable[C]available[D]valuable17.[A]solve[B]arose[C]exercise[D]expect18.[A]confront[B]cause[C]witness[D]collect19.[A]lovely[B]likely[C]lifelike[D]lively20.[A]distinguish[B]differ[C]diagnose[D]deviate三、Reading Comprehension（选择题每小题1分，共10小题；填空题每小题1分，共8小题；简答题每小题2分，共11小题；共40分）PASSAGE ONEThe Work-Life BalanceThis month the TUC is campaigning against,what it calls,Britain's"long hours culture". But do the British actually work too long?And if we do,is it doing us,or society at large,anyharm?Over the past150years working hours across the developed world have been falling.In the mid-nineteenth century men in Britain,in paid employment,worked for at least55hours per week.Hours worked then began a steady drop--the rise of trade unionism is one explanation,but then,after the First World War they plateaued.From1951onwards they dropped again but this fall was brought to a sudden halt in1981with the onset of the deregulatory economic policies of the Thatcher years.Working hours reached a high in1997 when the UK average number of hours worked hit45.8per week,falling to44.3hours per week in2004.The main reason for this recent decline has been the impact of EU's Working Time Directive which stipulated that no one could work more than48hours in a week,unless special exemption had been jointly applied for by both employers and employees. Nonetheless,in European terms,we are still doing badly in terms of hours worked--British workers are at the top,or bottom,of the hours charts,depending on your point of view.In 2004British workers put in almost two and a half hours more per week than the average European worker--although that was an improvement on2001when the gap was three and a quarter hours.In terms of actual hours worked,for those fortunate enough to be living and working in the Netherlands the average was just38.8hours a week,whilst for those unfortunate enough to be working in Britain,the average was43.5hours.Workers in our closest European competitors,France and Germany,worked38.9hours and39.6hours per week respectively. And yet,according to research both French and German workers are around20%more productive than their British counterparts.And we do equally badly when it comes to holidays. The European average for annual paid leave is26.5days per year--again the UK is near the bottom of the league with an average of24.5days of annual leave.However,these raw figures don't tell the whole story.During the1980s and1990s it was fashionable to predict that the"revolution in work"had begun.Business gurus were forecasting that the then current work norm,in which the majority of the workforce were in full-time employment at places of work away from home would give way to the majority having portfolios of part-time,temporary jobs,with many working either from home or from mobile office environments.This would result in a blurring between work and home,leisure, and employment--thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest.This view is backed up by Michael Moynagh in Working in the Twenty-First Century. After examining trends in working time over the past twenty years,and casting their findings forward,they conclude:"On balance it is likely that contracted working time will continue to drop,if slowly and intermittently".According to the research project"The Future of Work"led by Professor Peter Nolan of Leeds University,the notion that the nature of work is changing radically is systematically demolished.Based on a nationwide survey of employees Professor Nolan reports that the project found that,contrary to this conventional wisdom,the"end of work"scenario had not come to pass. In fact the1990s had seen a growth,not a contraction,in the proportion of employees in full-time permanent jobs.In2000,92%of workers were in permanent work compared with88%eight years earlier.And in2000only5.5%said they were working on a temporary contract,compared with7.2%in1992."Such startling figures do not suggest Britain is rapidly developing a more flexible labour market when measured by the extent of employment stability.Indeed,the permanent job remains very much the overwhelming norm and this is true across every occupational category."Nor was the notion of"going to work"in decline.The researchers found that most people still leave their homes for paid employment,only3%of employees said they worked partly at home and a further1.1%said they worked solely or mainly at home.Thus,arguments about working time are still very central to debates about the nature of the work experience.The Future of Work survey found that dissatisfaction with the hours that people were having to work had increased dramatically.In199235%of men were satisfied with their hours,by2000this had fallen to20%;the decline among women employees was even sharper,down from51%in1992to29%in2000.And this decline was,in terms of social class,across the board.Professor Jonathan Gershuny is an expert on the work-life balance.He paid particular attention,not just to paid work but to two related issues--women's unpaid work and leisure time.Gershuny notes how leisure time itself has become increasingly congested as people have less and less time to"consume"more and more leisure.He quotes from American sociologist Steffan Linder,who noted that as part and parcel of their"success"the harried executive might buy themselves a yacht;and yet the time they make available to enjoy their leisure activities diminishes the more successful they become.Gershuny paints a picture of the harried executive having to plan their leisure time almost as rigorously as they plan their working day.He also casts his eye over the unpaid work that is mainly done by women in the home.He notes how,despite the spread of"labour-saving"devices,the time women spend on domestic chores had not reduced,if anything it had gone up.This is because,as domestic work has become easier so"standards"have risen--rooms that were swept once a week are now swept once a day and meals that were cooked simply to be nourishing now had to be"interesting"as well.Gershuny reports that women on average spend45-hours a week on unpaid domestic work;but where they had a full-time job this time went down to22hours a week.For men, his research showed that irrespective of whether or not they were in full-time work they spent an underwhelming30minutes a day on domestic chores.No doubt many of those same men would privately applaud the sentiments expressed in a Japanese research report that concluded: "Housewives by nature enjoy doing housework.For housewives,it is difficult to distinguish between housework and leisure."Then again,perhaps not,as times have moved on somewhat.Questions1-4Choose the best answer.1.Which statement best describes the change of British working hours?A.Over the past150years,British working hours fluctuated by as long as10hours.B.British workers worked3hours longer every week than their European counterparts in2001.C.British workers worked longer than French and German workers with higherproductivity.D.British workers have the least annual paid leave.2.What does the sentence"thus concerns about hours worked would become little more than of historical interest"imply?A.Since there is no wild change in British working hours,the forecasting of work norm lostmeaning.B.There is no point in concerning about working hours since it is hard to separateemployment and leisure.C.The notion that the nature of work has changed is not right.D.The end of work scenario makes research impossible.3.What can we see from the research findings of Michael Moynagh and Peter Nolan?A.They agreed that in the future,contracted working time will decrease.B.They agreed that more British would like to work from mobile office environments.C.They have different conclusions and forecasts about British working time.D.Both are against conventional wisdom that the end of work has come.4.Professor Jonathan Gershuny notes that______.A.men take over most housework when women are in full-time workB.people work harder in free time to consume what they produce in work timeC.if you are top managers,you have more leisure time availableD.women spend less time on domestic chores latelyQuestions5-9Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.5.What is the result of working from home or mobile office environments?6.What are the percentages of people working partly at home and solely at home respectively?7.What is the dominant working norm?8.Which phrase expresses the meaning that both managers and manual workers complain about the long hours culture?9.What is one of the two issues that Professor Jonathan Gershuny paid special attention to.Questions10-12Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE words.10.According to the Future of Work survey,women are______________________dissatisfied with their working hours.11.The more successful people are,the_____________________time they have to enjoythemselves.12.The appearance of_____________________actually increased time of doing domesticchores.PASSAGE TWOAlready penitent for his angry action,but too stubborn to make amends,Mason toiled on at the head of the cavalcade,little dreaming that danger hovered in the air.The timber clustered thick in the sheltered bottom,and through this they threaded their way.Fifty feet or more from the trail towered a lofty pine.For generations it had stood there,and for generations destiny had had this one end in view--perhaps the same had been decreed ofMason.He stooped to fasten the loosened thong of his moccasin.The sleds came to a halt,and the dogs lay down in the snow without a whimper.The stillness was weird;not a breath rustled the frost-encrusted forest;the cold and silence of outer space had chilled the heart and smote the trembling lips of nature.A sigh pulsed through the air--they did not seem to actually hear it,but rather felt it,like the premonition of movement in a motionless void.Then the great tree,burdened with its weight of years and snow,played its last part in the tragedy of life.He heard the warning crash and attempted to spring up but,almost erect,caught the blow squarely on the shoulder.The sudden danger,the quick death--how often had Malemute Kid faced it!The pine needles were still quivering as he gave his commands and sprang into action.Nor did the Indian girl faint or raise her voice in idle wailing,as might many of her white sisters.At his order,she threw her weight on the end of a quickly extemporized handspike,easing the pressure and listening to her husband's groans,while Malemute Kid attacked the tree with his ax.The steel rang merrily as it bit into the frozen trunk,each stroke being accompanied by a forced,audible respiration,the'Huh!''Huh!'of the woodsman.At last the Kid laid the pitiable thing that was once a man in the snow.But worse than his comrade's pain was the dumb anguish in the woman's face，the blended look of hopeful，hopeless query.Little was said；those of the Northland are early taught the futility of words and the inestimable value of deeds. With the temperature at sixty-five below zero，a man cannot lie many minutes in the snow and live.So the sled lashings were cut，and the sufferer，rolled in furs，laid on a couch of boughs. Before him roared a fire，built of the very wood which wrought the mishap.Behind and partially over him was stretched the primitive fly--a piece of canvas，which caught the radiating heat and threw it back and down upon him--a trick which men may know who study physics at the fount.And men who have shared their bed with death know when the call is sounded.Mason was terribly crushed.The most cursory examination revealed it.His right arm，leg，and back were broken；his limbs were paralyzed from the hips；and the likelihood of internal injuries was large.An occasional moan was his only sign of life.No hope；nothing to be done.The pitiless night crept slowly by--Ruth's portion，the despairing stoicism of her race，and Malemute Kid adding new lines to his face of bronze.In fact，Mason suffered least of all，for he spent his time in eastern Tennessee，in the Great Smoky Mountains，living over the scenes of his childhood.And most pathetic was the melody of his long-forgotten Southern vernacular，as he raved of swimming holes and coon-hunts and watermelon raids.It was as Greek to Ruth，but the Kid understood and felt--felt as only one can feel who has been shut out for years from all that civilization means.Morning brought consciousness to the stricken man，and Malemute Kid bent closer to catch his whispers.“You remember when we foregathered on the Tanana，four years come next ice run?I didn't care so much for her then.It was more like she was pretty，and there was a smack of excitement about it，I think.But d'ye know，I've come to think a heap of her.She's been a good wife to me，always at my shoulder in the pinch.And when it comes to trading，you know there isn't her equal.D'ye recollect the time she shot the Moosehorn Rapids to pull you and me off that rock，the bullets whipping the water like hailstones--and the time of the famine atNuklukyeto--or when she raced the ice-run to bring the news？Yes，she's been a good wife to me，better'n that other one.Didn't know I'd been there？Never told you，eh?Well，I tried it once，down in the States.That's why I'm here.Been raised together，too.I came away to give her a chance for divorce.She got it.”“But that's got nothing to do with Ruth.I had thought of cleaning up and pulling for the Outside next year--her and I--but it's too late.Don't send her back to her people，Kid.It's beastly hard for a woman to go back.Think of it!--nearly four years on our bacon and beans and flour and dried fruit，and then to go back to her fish and caribou.It's not good for her to have tried our ways，to come to know they're better'n her people's，and then return to them. Take care of her，Kid--why don't you--but no，you always fought shy of them--and you never told me why you came to this country.Be kind to her，and send her back to the States as soon as you can.But fix it so she can come back--liable to get homesick，you know.”“And the youngster--it's drawn us closer，Kid.I only hope it is a boy.Think of it--flesh of my flesh，Kid.He mustn't stop in this country.And if it's a girl，why，she can't.Sell my furs；they'll fetch at least five thousand，and I've got as much more with the company.And handle my interests with yours.I think that bench claim will show up.See that he gets a good schooling；and Kid，above all，don't let him come back.This country was not made for white men.”“I'm a gone man，Kid.Three or four sleeps at the best.You've got to go on.You must go on!Remember，it's my wife，it's my boy--O God!I hope it's a boy!You can't stay by me--and I charge you，a dying man，to pull on.”Questions13-15Choose the best answer.13.What is NOT true about Mason’s accident?A.He was struck by an old pine on the shoulder and crushed.B.It was possible his organs had been injured in addition to broken bones.C.He suffered a great deal as he lay waiting for death.D.He was laid on some branches by a great fire in an attempt to recover.14.What do we know about Mason’s wife according to the text?A.She is white like him.B.She is not Mason’s only spouse in life.C.She has been to his hometown.D.She understands Greek.15.What is implied about the character’s lives from the passage?A.Sleds were the main method of transportation.B.The major source of income was fur trading.C.They had to be calm and resourceful in the wild.D.The far north is not suitable for white people.Questions16-17Answer the following questions briefly by using NO MORE THAN TEN words.16.Why does Mason think Ruth is a good wife?17.What was“fly”in paragraph3used for?PASSAGE THREENature versus cultureTo what extent have indigenous peoples suffered at the hands of conservation?When US primatologist Dian Fossey arrived in Rwanda to study the mountain gorillas of the Parcs des Volcans in September1967,her immediate concern was that their habitat was being eroded by human activity.As the government and wildlife authorities were turning a blind eye,she took the law into her own hands and organised patrols to drive out those she considered to be intruders in the park.Many of those targeted were local farmers who were grazing cattle and growing crops, collecting water,wood and bamboo or hunting small mammals.But the Virunga Mountains were also home to the Batwa,pygmy hunter-gatherers who,for thousands of years,had lived on their forested slopes.Fossey took an instant dislike to the Batwa and adopted-vigilante tactics to ensure they stayed away from"her"gorillas.While Fossey's actions represented a huge inconvenience for the Bahutu and Batutsi farmers,for the Batwa they proved devastating.The forest was integral to their lifestyle:it provided them with food and medicine and was the centre of their cultural activities.Without it,they became destitute.They had neither the skills nor the resources to become farmers and were given no compensation or alternative.Considered second-class citizens--unclean, stupid,untrustworthy--by their neighbours,they were forced to live in hovels on the fringes of villages,scratching around in wasteland to eke out a living.By the early1990s,begging was the main source of income for70per cent of Rwandan Batwa.The experience of the Batwa is one shared by millions of indigenous peoples around the world who have suffered at the hands of conservation."Historically the impact of protected areas has been very negative because the rights of the local communities of indigenous peoples haven't been taken into account,"says Marcus Colchester,director of the Forest Peoples'Programme,a UK organisation that promotes the interests of indigenous peoples around the world."The establishment of parks and reserves has often required their forced removal and placed severe limits on their rights of access and use of natural resources.Hence, there has been a lot of conflict,impoverishment,suffering and cultural loss."The traditional fence-and-guards approach to conservation grew out of the US national parks movement of the late19th century,which began preserving areas of'natural'wilderness for recreational purposes.Ecologists subsequently decided that nature should be preserved in a pristine form,uncontaminated by human activity.Over the past40years,conservation of biodiversity has become an increasingly high-profile topic and there has been a corresponding rise in the number of protected areas. According to the World Conservation Union(IUCN)there were just over1,000in1962; today there are more than102,000,covering a terrestrial area of17.1million square kilometres,11.5per cent of the world's land.To date,there hasn't been any conclusive research into the extent to which establishing these areas affects indigenous peoples.But most protected areas were inhabited at one time. In2000,WWF estimated that86per cent of South America's national parks were inhabited by people,most of them indigenous,and90per cent of protected areas in the Americas as a whole hosted indigenous peoples.However,it isn't just the indigenous peoples who have lost out to the traditional model of。

广西民族大学2017 年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A 卷科目代码：808科目名称：文学理论考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释：（每小题 5 分，共 4 小题，共 20分）1.文学批评2.游戏说3.文学消费4.审美意识形态二、问答题：（每小题15分，共2小题，共30分）1.举例说明小说的基本特征。

2.为什么说文学话语具有蕴藉属性？三、论述题：（每小题25分，共2小题，共50分）1.作者和读者是文学活动中最显眼的两个因素，而且两者的关系也是很具话题性，请根据下面材料的启示，阐述你对作者和读者之间关系的看法：材料一：网络作家的写作，是在与读者的互动中完成的，一部网络小说在连载过程中会有大量铁杆粉丝日夜追随，他们的指手画脚时时考验着作家的智力和定力。

作品要适应大众读者的口味，作者要投多数读者的所好，“读者是上帝”是网络文学写作与阅读所通行的基本规则。

我觉得网络写作的出现造福了大批爱写作的人，如果是传统写作最多 6 年我就放弃了，因为太寂寞，网络写作则时刻有大批人在关注，哪怕是批评，网络作家都会觉得是激励。

材料二：网络文学从商业角度来说，是以读者为中心。

但一个网络作家从众多人中脱颖而出，一定有自己独特的东西，不以读者的意志为转移。

而且读者是分为各种品位、各种趣味的，如若以满足最大众为旨归，可能会不断走向低俗。

甚至越低俗，越情色，越可能受欢迎，越流行。

材料三：我认为作者与读者之间存在着一种无字的契约关系。

在这份契约上，清楚地写着：我作为听者，会给你以充分而足够的信任；而你作为讲者，要给我愉悦与解惑。

所有伟大的作家与作品，成败都几乎取决于作家向读者所承诺的故事的契约兑现。

随之而来的读者为作家无私所献出的掌声和荣誉，也与这个兑现成正比。

2017年广西民族大学语文教学论考研真题A卷一、解释和翻译（30分，每题15分）1.《学记》云：君子如欲化民成俗，其必由学乎？玉不琢，不成器；人不学，不知道。

是故王者建国君民，教学为先。

2.《学记》云：虽有嘉肴，弗食，不知其旨也；虽有至道，弗学，不知其善也。

是故学然后知不足，教然后知困。

知不足，然后能自反也；知困，然后能自强也。

故曰，教学相长也。

二、论述题（50分，每题25分）1.听课是一种对课堂进行仔细观察，为评课作好充分准备的专业教研活动。

听评课也是训练师范生教学技能的重要方式。

请从听课、评课的基本要求和主要内容方面谈谈如何开展听评课。

2.某初中一年级开展制作手抄报活动，作为班主任和语文教师，你要求学生自己组合以小组为单位开展活动。

可是有一个男同学因为语文成绩差、写字不好等等原因没有人愿意和他一组。

面对这种情况你如何做到尊重每一个孩子，引导每一个孩子在活动中受益？三、案例分析（30分）评析两位师范毕业生在应聘现场（3个小时）的教学设计。

案例一：《背影》教学设计教学目的：1.了解本文的父子之间的感情。

2.学习本文的语言。

教学方法：讲读法教学过程：一、导入新课，引出课题今天我们学习《背影》。

二、研读课文，划分段落第一段，回家奔丧。

第二段，南京谋生。

第三段，车站送别。

三、讨论几个问题：1.祖母去世后，我们家境如何？2.父亲去南京干什么？3.父亲为什么要送我去火车站？四、总结中心思想，写作特点。

案例二：《背影》教学设计学习目标：1.领悟作者蕴含在字里行间的父子亲情。

2.品味作者优美的语言。

学习方法：运用自主、合作、探究的学习方法。

学习时间：一课时学习过程：一、导入新课同学们，今天学习朱自清先生的一篇经典文章《背影》。

哪位同学能够介绍一下作者的情况。

（同学说完，老师补充。

朱自清：学者、文学家）二、检查预习课前大家都预习了课文，下面我们检查预习。

请同学们快速浏览课文，将不熟悉的字词划出来。

二人配合完成三项任务：1.一人提，一人默写；2.提问的同学给生字注音；3.共同解释字词。

2017年广西民族大学壮学与瑶学考研真题A卷
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释（每小题 6 分，共 5 小题，共 30 分）
1．灵渠
2.骆越
3.白裤瑶
4.古壮字
5.盘王节
二、简答题（每小题 20 分，共 3 小题，共 60 分）
1.简述左江流域岩画的基本情况以及“广西左江花山岩画文化景观”项目成功入选《世界遗产名录》的意义。

2.简单介绍和分析瑶族千家峒传说。

3.简述改土归流的必要性及其意义。

三、论述题（每小题 30 分，共 2 小题，共 60 分）
1.阐述《花蓝瑶社会组织》一书的成书过程及主要内容。

2.谈谈你对报考专业的认识及学术规划。

广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：805科目名称：社会学人类学研究方法考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释（每小题4分，共7小题，共28分）1.社会研究2.区群谬误3.解释性报告4.研究问题的明确化5.表面效度6.结构观察7.内容分析二、简答题（每小题7分，共6小题，共42分）1.理论对研究的主要作用体现在哪些方面？2.简述操作化在社会研究中的地位和作用3.抽样的一般程序包括哪几个步骤？4.简述自填问卷法的优缺点。

5.进行无结构访谈应注意哪些方面？6.定量研究报告有比较固定的格式，在结构上它通常由哪几个部分构成？三、计算题（第小题18分，第2小题12分，共2小题，共30分）1.山区农户的收入来源主要包括“农业”、“林业”和“务工”收入等3部分。

表1报告了200户山区农户家庭的“农业收入百分比”、“林业收入百分比”、“务工收入百分比”和“家庭年收入”之间的相关关系。

根据表1回答下列问题：（1）描述“农业收入百分比”、“林业收入百分比”、“务工收入百分比”之间的关系；（2）描述“农业收入百分比”、“林业收入百分比”、“务工收入百分比”与“家庭年收入”之间的关系；（3）根据上述描述，谈谈你对山区农户家庭收入来源与家庭收入之间关系的看法。

表1家庭年人均收入与收入来源间的关系表收入来源农业%林业%务工%家庭人均收入农业%相关系数10.045-0.505**-0.131显著性程度——0.5710.0000.099林业%相关系数0.0451-0.663**-0.003显著性程度0.571——0.0000.968务工%相关系数-0.505**-0.663**10.197*显著性程度0.0000.000——0.012家庭年收入相关系数-0.131-0.0030.197*1显著性程度0.0990.9680.012——2.以下是对1152名新生代少数民族农民工的性别、年龄与工友交往意愿之间关系的调查结果。

2018年广西民族大学民族学通论考研真题A卷
考生须知
1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、名词解释（每小题10分，共4小题，共40分）
种族主义
“万物有灵论”
马凌诺斯基
进化论学派
二、简述题（每小题20分，共2小题，共40分）
1.简述民族学调查者素质的培养
2.简述产生文化涵化的前提条件
三、论述题（每小题35分，共2小题，共70分）
1.谈谈你读《民族学通论》的感想
2.你认为，在中国西部大开发中应该如何协调各民族之间的关系，如何处理好西部发展与保护少数民族文化的问题。

广西民族大学2008年硕士研究生入学考试试题（所有试题答案必须写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效）学科专业：语言学及应用语言学研究方向： 01——04方向汉语言文字学所有方向中国少数民族语言文学 01——03方向考试科目：817 语言学概论试卷代号：A卷一、解释下列术语（每小题4分，共5小题，共20分）1．格2．调位3．屈折语4．意音文字5．语言融合二、分析题（每小题10分，共2小题，共20分）1．下列语言现象，哪些属于“构词”，哪些属于“构形”？汉语：性急烟头木头星星看看英语：blackboard teacher longer works desks2．请分析下列汉语、英语的音变现象，指出类型，并说明原因。

（1）“bills”、“legs”中的“s”都发成[z]。

（2）“天边”的“天”，“难免”的“难”的韵尾都发成[m]。

（3）“勤恳”的“勤”，“辛苦”的“辛”的韵尾都发成[ŋ]。

三、问答题（每小题20分，共3小题，共60分）1．语言分化的结果有哪些？2．词义引申的主要方式是什么？请举例说明。

3．在辅音音位的区别特征上，汉语普通话与英语各有什么显著的特征？四、论述题（每小题25分，共2小题，共50分）1．试以词为例，说明语言符号在组合时的特点。

2．以汉语和英语为例，说明语法的发展有哪些主要表现。

2009年硕士研究生入学考试初试广西民族大学自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码： 817科目名称：语言学概论适用学科专业：语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学 中国少数民族语言文学 研究方向：命题教师签名：考生须知1　答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。

2　答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。

3　交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、解释下列术语（每小题5分，共6小题，共30分）1. 人称2. 表意字3. 递归性4. 任意性5. 历史比较法6. 词义的概括性二、按照普通话的读音，给下列词注上国际音标（每个词2分，共10个词，共20分）历史区域社会治安知识英雄绿化唐朝机器人民三、分析题（共30分）（一）分析下列音变现象，指出其类型，并说明原因（每小题5分，共2小题，共10分）1. 拉丁语中的marmor（大理石），到了英语里变成了marble。

广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号：A卷科目代码：621科目名称：东南亚文化考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题、草稿纸上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、简答题（共2小题，每题30分，共60分）1．东盟国家共有五种政治体制，分别是什么？东盟十国分别属于哪种政治体制？（中文答题）2．东盟一共有十个成员国，分别是什么？哪些是半岛国家？哪些是海岛国家？（中文答题）二、概括题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简要概括东南亚的几种主要文化类型。

（中文答题，字数不限）三、分析题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简要分析古代印度的宗教、文化对东南亚产生的影响。

（中文答题，字数不限）四、论述题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简要论述东南亚文化的特点。

（中文答题，字数不限）广西民族大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A）科目代码：621科目名称：东南亚文化适用学科专业：亚非语言文学研究方向：本学科各方向命题教师签名：考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。

否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一、简述题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简述你熟悉的东南亚某个国家古代文化发展情况。

（中文答题，字数不限）。

二、简论题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简论东南亚某个国家语言的发展情况。

（中文答题，字数不限）。

三、梳理题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简要梳理古代东南亚某个国家与中国的文化关系。

（中文答题，字数不限）。

四、分析题（共1小题，共30分）1．请简要分析东南亚某个国家本土文化的特点（中文答题，字数不限）。