考研英语备战：经典长难句解析(3)

考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。

有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。

例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。

这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。

译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。

二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。

三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。

例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语，代表两层意思。

因此，按照分译法，打破原句的结构翻译成：他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。

四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难，需要用综合法。

即或按时间先后，或按逻辑先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆地进行综合处理。

例如：“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。

1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的）Intuitive 先天的和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。

主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than结构翻译为与其说，不如说。

微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。

译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。

2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现和找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。

考研英语长难句高频常考句型详解附译文【2015 年 Text4】1. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shieldthought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.译文：她认为，这种同样的道德目的缺失正在伤及诸如新闻国际这样的公司，使它更可能如同曾经的大规模非法电话窃听一样误入歧途。

2. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived.译文：其中揭露的惊人真相之一是丽贝卡•布鲁克斯对于其新闻编辑室中所发生的事情知晓的有多么少，她曾想到要设法过问的事情又有多么少，甚至于她从来都没有询问过这些新闻报道到底是怎么来的。

【2016 年 Text1】1. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.译文：它责令时尚业必须对其发送给女性，尤其是十几岁的少女的信号负责，这些信号是她们必须用来衡量自身个人价值的社会尺度。

考研英语长难句真题解析?考研英语长难句真题解析(1)(2015年真题SectionⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text3第1段第2句)The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.译文：此举效仿了多家其他杂志的做法;数据分析的基本错误正造成很多已发表的研究成果不可复制，此前人们普遍关注这个问题。

分析：本句的主干比较明显，即The policy follows similar efforts。

介词短语from other journals做状语。

介词短语after…findings做时间状语，其中还包含一个由that引导的同位，介词短语从句。

从句的主干为basic mistakes…are contributing to the irreproducibility…语in data analysis做basic mistakes的后置定语，介词短语of…findings做irreproducibility 的后置定语。

词汇指南mistake(n.)错误,过失(v.)误解,弄错(中考词汇)(mis-否定，take-拿、取→拿得不对、拿错了——即“误解,弄错”，引申为名词词义“错误,过失”。

)1个派生词：●unmistakable(adj.)明显的;错不了的(超纲词汇)(2005年-阅读4)(un-否定，mistake-错误，able-能够的→明显的;错不了的)?考研英语长难句真题解析(2)(2015年真题SectionⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text2第7段第3句)Orin Kerr,a law professor,compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the20th:The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personaldomain of the passenger car then;they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment appliesto digital information now.译文：法学教授奥林·克尔将21世纪数字信息爆炸和无障碍获取与20世纪汽车成为人们生活的日常所需进行对比：那时法官们不得不明确说明适用于轿车这个新型私人空间的新规定;他们现在必须解决《第四修正案》如何应用到数字信息上的问题。

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析前置引用That，of course，is too simple. The reason is that there are two possible relations between your mind and the book, not just one. These two relations are exemplified by two different experiences that you can have in reading your book.【翻译】那样想当然太简单了。

原因是在你的大脑和书之间有两种可能的关系，而不仅仅是一种关系。

这两种关系可以通过两种不同的经历来加以例证，这两种不同的经历是你在读书的时候体验到的。

【语法分析】第一句是一个简单句，主系表。

注意这里的主语that指的是上一段的最后一句话，也就是your success in reading it is determined by the extent to which you receive everything the writer intended to communicate.作者的意思是，如果你要那样想，那就太简单，太肤浅了，就想错了。

第二句是一个主从复合句，也是一个主系表结构。

但是它的表语是一个由that引导的表语从句。

表语从句是一个there be句型。

第三句也是一个主从复合句，被动语态。

介词短语by two different experiences是状语。

在experiences的后面还跟了一个定语从句that you can have in reading your book，修饰前面的experiences.(你在读书时可能会体验到的经历)。

You have a mind. Now let us suppose that you also have a book that you want to read. The book consists of language written by someone for the sake of communicating something to you. Your success in reading it is determined by the extent to which you receive everything the writer intended to communicate.【翻译】小标题: 阅读的目的: 为了获取信息而阅读，以及为了理解而阅读你有一个大脑。

考研英语长难句分析详解及阅读解析，必考点[名师版]Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty.1. 本句话的谓语动词为can hinder，主语从前往后找为transient investors，宾语a firm’s efforts；2. 主谓之间出现了一个who引导的从句，为定语从句，用来修饰主语，理解时需要前置；3. 宾语后有to do不定式的并列作定语用来修饰前面的名词efforts，理解时可以前置4. 要求公司获得高季度利润的临时投资者可能会阻碍公司投资长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力。

Grade inflation—the gradual increase in average GPAs (grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased.1. 本句主干的谓语动词为is，主语Grade inflation，主谓之间有破折号引出的内容为同位语，对主语进行解释说明；2. 主句部分出现了多个短语做修饰，宾语后of a consumer era为介词短语作定语修饰product，in higher education 为介词短语也是用来稀释前门面的product；3. 同位语部分，有in的介词短语，以及over引导的介词短语，分别为修饰语，理解时需要前置4. 后半句有一个in which引导的定语从句，通过语义可判断用来修饰consumer era，从句最后面to be pleased为to do不定式用来修饰customers；5. 成绩通胀，即：过去几十年中平均GPA（平均绩点）的逐渐增加，通常被认为是高等教育消费时代的产物，在这种时代，学生被视为需要被取悦的客户。

考研英语典型长难句及解析之三1. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。

that引导宾语从句。

此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中，除主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…，又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句，修饰…but became considerable。

considerable译为“相当大（或多的）”。

译文：我们曾经假定，分子之间存在着引力，这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化，因而，在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的，但是分子靠得很近时，这种引力会变得相当大。

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语But the packaging is often done so effectively that the viewer, listener, or reader does not make up his own mind at all. Instead, he inserts a packaged opinion into his mind , somewhat like inserting a cassette into a cassette player. He then pushes a button and "plays back" the opinion whenever it seems appropriate to do so. He has performed acceptably without having had to think.【翻译】但是打包的工作通常做得实在是太有效了，以至于观众、听众和读者压根就不做决定了。

相反，他把打包好的观点插入自己的大脑，有点像把磁带插入播放机里。

然后每当看起来适合播放的时候，他就摁一下按钮，“回放”一下那个观点。

他不需要非得思考，就已经能做到可接受的程度了。

【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。

这个句子是由so... that... 连接起来的。

so所在的句子是主句，从that 开始是从句，that 引导的结果状语从句。

not... at all表示否定，而且，在not后面加上at all 之后，是对否定语气的强化，翻译成“压根不，一点也不......”第二句是一个简单句。

这一句用的句型是insert... into...把......插入......。

packaged是个过去分词，作定语，修饰opinion“被打了包的观点”，不是零散的好几个观点。

后面是like引导的介词短语，作状语。

考研英语长难句重点难点解析含译文翻译But meals were nicer; and as for sweets, I won't tell you how cheap and good they were, because it would only make your mouth water in vain.不过，膳食要好一些；至于糖果嘛，我不想告诉你那有多便宜、多好吃，因为那只能使你白白地流口水。

--《纳尼亚传奇》"流口水"-- make your mouth water, "白白地流口水"-- make your mouth water in vain.我们来用这两个短语仿写几个句子：The smell of the cooked fish made my mouth water.做好的鱼那味道把我馋得直流口水。

Does it make your mouth water?馋得口水都留出来了吧？再来学习vain这个单词，它有"徒劳的，自负的，虚荣的"意思：I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.我认为他浅薄虚荣，不可信任。

Police searched in vain for the missing gunman.警方搜寻失踪的持枪歹徒，但毫无结果。

She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears.她紧紧地闭上眼睛，想忍住眼泪，但眼泪还是禁不住往下流。

All our efforts were in vain.我们所有的努力都白费了。

Have you been taking my name in vain again?你又在滥用我的名义吧？Are you going to take the name of the Lord in vain when you do?你这么做，打算让他们骂你吗?"Adventure is out there!" Muntz exclaimed into the camera. He lowered his goggles over his eyes and gave a thumbs-up."探险就要开始了！"蒙兹对着镜头欢呼道。

考研英语必考长难句详解含译文1. At the end of the day, there’s probably little reasonto pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,”Cartwright says.at the end of the day：pay attention to：panic：2. Those suffering from persistent nightmare s should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings.suffer from：persistent：nightmare：work through：往下翻，对对答案~~~1. At the end of the day, there’s probably little reasonto pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,”Cartwright says.at the end of the day：说到底，不管怎么说pay attention to：关注panic：n. 恐慌译文：总的来说，我们几乎没有理由在意所做的梦，除非它们使我们无法安睡或“从惊恐中醒来”，卡特赖特认为。

2. Those suffering from persistent nightmare s should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings.suffer from：遭受persistent：adj. 持续的nightmare：n. 噩梦work through：克服译文：那些长期遭受噩梦折磨的人应该寻求治疗专家帮助。

考研英语长难句精析第一部分长难句基本句型近几年，考研英语出现了很多难句。

并且这些难句主要是长难句。

长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。

这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。

虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。

下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。

一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。

复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。

本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。

这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

（一）简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。

套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。

这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时，“这（些/个）”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。

阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。

一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。

也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。

其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。

这种句子很简单。

翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。

如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。

另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。

考生要切忌拘于词性。

并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。

一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。

事实上，现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语，都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。

并列从句修饰宾语。

宾语有两种，一种是单纯宾语，另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。

考研英语长难句全解析-名师版He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.”（出自2008年英一翻译文章）句子主干：He(主语) +was willing to assert (谓语) +sth（宾语为that引导的宾语从句）从句：1.I have a fair share of invention, and （a fair share 省略）of common sense or（a fair share of省略) judgment 为that引导的宾语从句2.as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have 为as引导限制性定语从句，as在从句中作宾语@as引导的非限制性定语从句，As在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语As引导的限制性定语从句，一般先行词前有such,the same修饰（such +名词+as从句;the same +名词+as从句）我们可以发现这句话中such后面并没有出现名词，所以明显是省略了，省略了前面提到的invention和 common sense or judgment。

3.but not, I believe, in any higher degree.为宾语从句后面的并列转折句I believe为插入语；原句为my fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment is not in any higher degree. 【参考译文】他欣然承认说，“我具备每个非常的律师和医生所须具有的创造力、常识和判断力，但是，我认为，我的这些能力水平并不比他们高。

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文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作总结、策划书、条据书信、主持稿、合同协议、规章制度、职业规划、心得体会、教学资料、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work summaries, planning books, policy letters, hosting drafts, contract agreements, rules and regulations, career plans, insights, teaching materials, other sample essays, and more. If you would like to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!考研英语长难句考研英语长难句【通用】考研英语长难句11、If it did， it would open up its diversity program， now focused narrowly on race and gender， and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook， values， education， and class.[译文]如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。

2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3) 考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由出国留学网小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(3) “There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption. 在这三句话之中，第一句其实并不难，就是一个“插入语+倒装”的结构。

含义也比较清楚——一位曾经获得诺贝尔奖的经济学家密尔顿·弗里德曼曾经写道：“企业有且只有一个社会责任，那就是利用它的资源从事旨在增加企业利润的活动”。

第二句前面是“even if”引导的条件状语从句，后面是主句，主句部分结构是“主系表”。

第二句的含义是：但即使你接受弗里德曼的观点，并且把企业社会责任看作是浪费股东的钱，但事情可能不是非常清楚的。

考研英语长难句重点难点解析含译文翻译1.（用于否定句中）一个人也（没有）I've never harmed a soul in my life.我这一生从未伤害过任何人。

There was not a soul there.那里一个人也没有。

I promise I won't tell a soul.我保证不告诉任何人。

2.（对艺术，音乐，文学等的）审美能力He thinks that anyone who doesn't like poetry has no soul.他认为，不喜欢诗歌的人都缺乏审美能力。

3.一个人的内在性格，包含他真实的思想感情The eyes are the windows to the soul.眼睛是心灵的窗户。

Music that soothes your soul.抚慰灵魂的音乐。

4.精神、道德的艺术品质In my view, fine art feeds the mind and soul.我认为，美术滋养人的思想和灵魂。

5.完美的品质He is the very soul of discretion.他是个极能保守秘密的人。

与soul有关的短语：good for the soul:Walking is good for the soul.'散步对人有好处。

heart and soulThey threw themselves heart and soul into the project. 他们全身心地投入到这项工程中。

keep body and soul togetherThey barely have enough money to keep body and soul together.他们的钱勉强能维持生活。

1. 到处，四处He wandered around the streets, looking in shop windows.他在街上闲逛，看看商店橱窗。

2020考研英语：典型长难句解析(三)考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由我为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：典型长难句解析(三)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：典型长难句解析(三)21. Interface with the Business Development Support Group to assist in developing strategic communication plans for new business development， working with government relations and protocol specialist in supporting visits from various external stakeholders.与业务开发支持部门协调，协助制定交际策略方案，开发新业务帮助协调与政府的关系，同礼仪一道负责接待与公司有密切关系的外来造访者。

22. External communications experience in a media，corporate or agency setting， knowledge of media and communications vehicles and the fundamental principles of journalism and public relations， successful project management experience， with excellent communication and interpersonal skills.有在媒体机构、公司或代理机构负责对外交际工作的经验，熟悉各种媒体和交际手段，熟知新闻和公共关系方面的基本原理，具有项目管理的成功经验，具有优良的交际和人际关系处理技能。

23. In many states this year， budget requests by state universities have had to be scaled back or frozen， while tuition， the share of the cost borne by the students themselves， has gone up&mdashin some cases faster than the rate of inflation.今年，在许多州，州立大学的预算不得不减少或冻结，而学费&mdash&mdash学生所承担的费用&mdash&mdash却上升了，在某些情况下上升得比通货膨胀率还要快。

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析强调句型Both are active, though the activities are different. If anything is passive, it is the ball. It is the inert thing that is put in motion or stopped, whereas the players are active, moving to pitch, hit or catch.【翻译】双方都是主动的，尽管活动不同。

如果有什么东西是被动的，那个东西就是棒球。

恰好是那个没有自主行动能力的球，被迫动了起来或者被停止。

而打棒球的人则是主动的，他跑动着去投球，击球或接球。

【语法分析】第一句虽然很短，但它是一个主从复合句。

though引导的是一个让步状语从句。

在英语里，状语从句的位置比较灵活，可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句的后面。

但是放在主句前面或者后面，强调的重点却是不一样的。

如果放在后面，强调的是主句。

放在前面，强调的是状语从句。

就像这句话，强调的是接球手和击球手都是主动的both are active这一共同点。

第二句也是一个主从复合句。

If引导的是一个条件状语从句，逗号后面是主句。

It指的是前面的anything.大家注意，这一句的条件状语从句就放在了主句的前面，强调了主句，与第一句里的both are active相对立。

第三句是一个并列句。

用whereas这个并列连词把两个分句连接起来。

whereas的意思相当于but，只是它的转折语气没有but那么强烈。

先看第一个分句。

这是一个强调句型，it is... that...It is后面跟的是被强调的成分，that后面跟的是其他成分。

强调句型是作者想强调句子中的某一个成分时，所使用的一种特殊句型。

打乱了句子的正常顺序，把被强调的成分先提出来，放在it is后面，其他成分的顺序则保持不变。

考研英语典型长难句及解析考研英语典型长难句及解析之一1. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep (2), electricity is working for us (1), driving our refrigerators, heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned (3).电仍在为我们工作。

即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作。

即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作——开动电冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室内空调机继续运转。

2. But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life" (1), the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials (2).可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”。

可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”, 也就是说, 经过若干年后, 这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。

If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment (2), they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it (1).他们就不会感到如此伤心, 所以也就不会因对此有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面去。