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⾼考英语复习知识点：数词、代词与连词 代词在近⼏年⾼考试题中的复现率为100%，每年⾄少测试⼀道题。
测试代词常⽤对话形式，构成特定语境，考查考⽣灵活运⽤代词的能⼒。
以下是店铺为⼤家编辑的英语学习⽅法⽂章，仅供考⽣参考，欢迎⼤家阅读! ⾼考英语复习知识点：代词 代词指代的范围、作主语时主谓⼀致的⽤法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是⾼考的必考点。
其中不定代词one，the one，ones与that，those，it的⽤法区别。
考点⼀? 考查one(s), that, those, it的⽤法 [考点解读] ● one泛指⼀个⼈或物?其复数形式为ones? one和the one作同位语时,如果与其同位的词语是特指,则⽤the one;如果是泛指,则⽤one,? ●that指代前⾯提到过的名词,常有后置定语? that的复数形式是those? that可指代单数可数名词(= the one), 也可指代不可数名词,或指代前⾯提到过的⼀件事? ●it可指代前⾯提到过的⼀个名词,如例7;指代⼀件事,如例8;指代不明性别的婴⼉或不明确的⼈,也可指代时间?天⽓?距离等0? ⼆? 考查all, both, either, neither, none, no one的⽤法 [考点解读] ●both表⽰两个⼈或物都,具有肯定含义; either表⽰两者中的任何⼀个,如例13; neither表⽰两者都不? ● all表⽰全部,指三者或三者以上的⼈或物,;all也可笼统地表⽰⼀切,所有, none表⽰三者或三者以上的⼈或物的全部否定,在与of连⽤或回答how many/much的提问时只能⽤none, no one表⽰没有⼀个⼈, 三? 考查another, the other, others, the others的⽤法 [考点解读] ● another泛指三个或三个以上的⼈或物中不确定的另⼀个,如例19? another还可以作形容词,表⽰另⼀个的 ● the other指已知的两个⼈或物中的另⼀个 ● others和other + 名词均泛指别的⼈或物 ● the others指⼀定范围内其余的⼈或物,如例23?如果被指代的名词是不可数名词,则⽤the rest替代, 四? 考查(a) little, (a) few, some, any的⽤法 [考点解读] ● few和little可⽤作代词和形容词? few和a few可以修饰或代替可数名词复数? few有否定含义, a few 有肯定含义, little和a little可以修饰或代替不可数名词? little有否定含义, a little含肯定含义? ●some和any表⽰⼀些,可⽤作代词和形容词? some⽤于肯定句,例31; any⽤于否定句?疑问句和条件句中, some也可⽤于疑问句,如例32和例33; any也可⽤于肯定陈述句中,表⽰任何⼀个。
英语实词和虚词的分类英语词汇根据其意义和作用可分为实词和虚词两大类，其中实词包括名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词等六类，虚词包括介词、连词、冠词、感叹词等四类。
一、实词.名词noun / n.：表示人或事物的名称，如boy, desk, tree等。
1.代词 pronoun / pron.：代替人或事物，如 I, you, he, they等。
2.数词numeral / num.：表示数量或顺序，如one, two, first 等。
3.形容词adjective / adj.：对人或事物的描述，如good, interesting 等。
4.副词adverb /ad.：表示动作或状态的特征，如very, carefully 等。
5.动词verb / v.：表示动作或状态，如see, walk, write等。
二、虚词6.连词conjunction / conj.：连接词、短语或句子，如and, but, or 等。
7.介词preposition/ prep.：表示词汇之间的关系，如in, on, at, for 等。
8.冠词 article / art.：限制名词,即 a (an), the。
9.感叹词interjection / int.：表示强烈的感情，如ah, oh, alas等。
英语里有不少词可以属于几个不同词类，如sleep既可属于动词，也可属于名词；early既可属于形容词，也可属于副词；after既可属于介词，也可属于连词；since则既可以是介词和连词，也可以是副词。
如：If you want to catch the early bus, you must get up early. 你若想赶上早班车，你就得早起。
（句中的第一个early为形容词，第二个early 为副词）。
一、数词讲解1、基数词。
表示数目的多少，如：one, two, three, one hundred, two thousand 等。
2、序数词。
表示顺序第几，其前面须加上定冠词the。
如：the twenty-first, the thirtieth等练习：写出下列数字的基数词和序数词的表示方法。
3、分数。
分数表达法：基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1时，分母要加“s”。
如：one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths4、年、月、时间表达法：年份用基数词，日期用序数词，时间用基数词，其顺序由小到大。
Eg: He was born on January 11th, 1886. He was born in January, 1990.5、Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加“s”,反之则须加“s”。
如：three hundred people, thousands of people。
(1) 200 个学生____________________________ (2) 成百上千的人__________________________(3) There are about two _______ students in their school.A. thousand ofB. thousands ofC. thousandD. thousands(4) _______ Iraqi people died in the Iraq War.A. Thousand ofB. Thousands ofC. ThousandD. Thousands(5) _______ students in our school went there this summer.A. Two hundredB. Two hundredsC. Two hundreds ofD. Two hundred of基础练习:(1）He lives on _______ floor. A. four B. fourth C. the four D. the fourth(2) Today she is very happy，because it is her ________ birthdayA. seventeenB. seventeenthC. the seventeenthD. the seventeen (3) This is a big class, and ________ of the students are girls.A. two thirdB. second threeC. two thirdsD. two three(4) -- What is one fourth and a half, do you know? -- Yes, it’s _______.A. two sixthsB. three fourthsC. one threeD. three sixths(5) I like this kind of pen, could you please give me _______ more.A. twoB. secondC. the twoD. the second(6) He has failed many times, but he wants to try _________ time.A. sixthB. a sixthC. the sixthD. six(7) In the final exam, he got _______ prize.A. thirdB. the thirdC. threeD. the three二、介词的用法(一) 介词的功能介词是一种虚词，不能单独使用。
语法系列复习专题三-----数词、连词数词一、数词的分类1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。
其形式如下：A．从1——10one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．B．从11——19eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．这里除eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C．从21——99整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-〞21 twenty-one76 seventy-sixD．百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred〞，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and．101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twentyE．千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，〞。
从右开始，第一个“，〞前的数字后添加thousand，第二个“，〞前面的数字后添加million，第三个“，〞前的数字后添加billion。
然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-fourF．基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词如此以复数形式出现。
高考英语介词、代词、连词和冠词汇总————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：高考英语介词、代词、连词和冠词总结一．概念及分类：1.介词：1).时间：in;at;on;by;during;after;before;about;between;over...I swim once a week during winter.I got home at about 9 p.m..2）。
地点：On/to/behind/across/alongHe saw a picture on the wall.Are you going to the post office?3).表其他意思的介词：by/with/due toI usually go to school by bike.I can’t read the book without glasses.2.连词1）。
并列连词：and/both...and/not only...but alsoYou are handsome and strong.She is not only kind but beautiful.2)转折连词：but/however/yet/whileShe is good at swiming while her brother is good at skating. 3)选择连词：or/either...or/otherwiseDo you speak Chinese or English?4)因果连词：because/as/for/since/so/thereforeYou’d better put on your coat for it is rather cold outside.2.从属连词具体知识详见状语从句3.冠词1）定冠词the(这个、那个）表特指看见here /overthere/color 要加定冠词The boy in red is my brother Jay Chow.The girl over there is my girlfriend.我不敢说最高级和序数词前面一定加定冠词。
语法系列复习专题三-----数词、连词数词一、数词的分类1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。
其形式如下：A．从1——10one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．B．从11——19eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen．这里除eleven，twelve，thirteen，fifteen，eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C．从21——99整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD．百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and．101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twentyE．千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。
从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加thousand，第二个“，”前面的数字后添加million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加billion。
然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-fourF．基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。
英语的虚词与实词虚词<介词、代词、连词、冠词、数词>虚词没有实在意义,不能独立承担句子成分,包括冠词、介词、连词和感叹词:而且还有一个重要的特点,那就是,虚词没有词形的变化：一、冠词art..：用在名词前,帮助说明名词;如：a,an,the.1.不定冠词:a,an2.定冠词：the二、介词prep.：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系;如in,on,from,above,behind, across, against, along, around, among, before, below, beneath, besides, beyond, despite, during, except, front, including, inside, like, into, next, near, of, onto, out, out of, outside, over, owning to, per, regarding, since, through, till, towards, under, unlike, until, up, upon, via, while, with, within, without…1.简单介词：是由一个单词构成的介词;可分为三类：①普通介词:如at,by,for,from,in,of,on,to,with等②合成介词:如onto,into,within等③分词介词：如including等2.二重介词：是由两个简单介词连用而构成的介词; 如：from behind,since before,until after等3.短语介词：是由两个或两个以上的词所组成的短语构成的介词;如：in front of,becauseof,instead of等三、连词conj.：用来连接词、短语或句子;按在句子中的作用可分为并列连词和从属连词：After, although, also, and, anywhere, as, as long as, as soon as, because, before, both…and…but, considering, either…or…even if, even so, even though,, everywhere, for, hence, however, if, in case, in order that, instead of, likewise, never, nevertheless, not only…but also, now that, once, or, otherwise, regardless, since, so, so that, such that, thus, till, until, unless, when, whenever, wherever, whether, where, while…1.并列连词①表示平行或对等关系的并列连词：and,both…and,as well as,not only…but also,neither…nor等②表示转折关系的并列连词:but,yet,while等③表示选择关系的并列连词：or,either…or等④表示因果关系的并列连词：for,so等2.从属连词：是引导从句的连词①引导名词性从句的连词：that,whether,if②引导副词性从句的连词：when,while,as,since,before, after,once,as soonas,until,till,because,now that,although,though,even if,even though,no matter how,no matter what,whatever,however,whether…or,if,unless,so long as,as long as,in order that,sothat,so…that,as if,as though,than,where,wherever等四、代词pron.：主要用来代替名词;如：all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, every, everybody, everything, he, her, himself, themselves, itself, I, it, me, mine, yours, neither, nobody, none, nothing, other, others, so, some, something, someone, that, these, they, this, th ose, us, what, whatever, when, whenever, who, whoever, whose, …五、感叹词interj..表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情;如：oh,well,hi,hello1.名词前面一般用冠词,代词或介词等;①. A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ________ water was sweet.②. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ________ pleasant experience.③. The young man went home ________ a happy heart.④. Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for ________ great works.⑤._______ time going by, the boy has grown into a strong man.⑥.The girl danced ______ the music of Paul Mallrat’s band.2. 缺主语或宾语,一般填代词;①. Here are two bags. The blue ________ is mine.②. Suddenly the wall moved——________ was made of trees.③. New technologies have made _________ possible to turn out new products faster.④._________ is important for our students to exercise one hour every day.3.并列的两个或多个单词,短语,或句子之间设空,一般填入并列连词and, but, or等;①. Each winner receives a gold medal, a diploma ________ a sum of money.②. He was very tired from doing this for a whole day, ________ he felt very happy.③. Which do you prefer, folk music ________ pop music4.两句之间,如果不是并列句,则很可能是主从句,因此需要填入从属连词what, which, who, how, when等;比如宾语从句,定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词;这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构,分析到底是什么从句,从而选择合适的从属连词;①. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.②. ________hard your try, it is difficult to lose weight.③. If you happen to get l ost in the wild, you’d better stay ________ you are.④. ________we have enough evidence, we cannot win the case.⑤. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from______ their parents speak at home.⑥.At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students ________came back to China after study.⑦.My face turned red on hearing ________ my mother said.⑧._______ she couldn’t understand was _______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.⑨.It was the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.⑩.No sooner had she gone out___________ a student came to visit her.实词是指有实在意义,能独立承担句子成分的词,包括名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词和数词;而且还有一个重要的特点,那就是,实词有词形的变化,尤其是动词,可谓变化多端：1、名词n.：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称;如：boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange.2、形容词adj..：表示人或事物的性质或特征;如：good,right,white,orange .3、数词num.：表示数目或事物的顺序;如：one,two,three,first,second,third,fourth.4、动词v.：表示动作或状态;如：am,is,are,have,see .5、副词adv.：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等;如：well,very,here,often,quietly,slowly.构词法 Word Formation在英语中词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生;一、合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词;方式：1. 直接写在一起; 2. 用连字符-连接; 3. 由两个分开的词构成;1 合成形容词2合成动词3合成名词4合成副词however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever5合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything,二、派生 Derivation注意： -ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词,又可以构成形容词;三、转化 Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形,而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类;1. 名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝——饮料, record录音——记录, name, date, hand, study,2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的——使完善3.名词转化为形容词副词 front前面——前面的4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领-alarrive —n. __________ chemistry —adj. __________ memory—n. __________—v. __________ music—adj. __________—n. __________ survive—n. __________—n. __________ try—n. __________-ance / -enceabsent —n. __________ allow—n. __________appear—n. __________—反义n. __________ assist—n. __________—n.__________consequence—n. __________ convenient —n. __________—反n.__________different —n. __________ evident —n. __________exist —n. __________ guide —n. __________ important —n. __________depend —adj. __________ —n. __________ —反n. __________insure —n. __________ intelligent —n. __________ patient —n. __________ significant —n. __________ silent —n. __________ violent —n. __________-ary / -erybrave—n. __________ discover—n. __________ rob—n. __________ scene—n. __________ slave—n. __________-ableadmire —adj. __________ change —adj. __________ comfort —adj.__________enjoy —adj. __________ reason —adj. __________ rely —adj.__________suit —adj. __________ value —adj. __________-mentAchieve —n. __________ adjust —n. __________ advertise —n. __________ agree —n. __________ —反n. __________amuse —n. __________ appoint —n. __________argue —n. __________ arrange —n. __________courage —v. __________ —n. __________entertain —adj. __________ —adj. __________ —n. __________equip —n. __________ judge —n. __________employ —n. __________ —反n. __________-nessdark —n. __________ happy —n. __________ill —n. __________ kind —n. __________sad —n. __________ weak —n. __________1、有提示词这类题首先需要我们根据上下文,分析句子成分,确定空格所需要的词性,再根据前后文确定词形;1如果要填入动词,我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词;如果缺谓语动词,就要考虑到时态和语态的变化;若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,那么我们应该填入非谓语动词,这时我们需要确定到底是to do, doing还是done的形式;①. For example, I ________ order a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50.②. When I die, I ________ give everything to you.③. On their return, the father asked his son ________explain what he had learnt.④. They are animals ________ live in the sea.⑤. He likes reading books ________ write by Lu Xun.⑥. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______ take.⑦. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself______ hear⑧. _________play computer games is what boys like best.⑨. It is high time you ______ work hard at English.⑩. If you __________ come yesterday, you would have met Andy Liu.2如果需要填入名词,我们则需要判断是否有单复数和所有格的变化;①. My first ________ impress of him is that he was a kind and thoughtful man.②. These people have made great ________ contribute to China with their work.③.You’ll want to know your body language is saying and how to interpret other _______people. 3如果需要填入形容词、副词;首先,我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词;形容词一般用来修饰名词,代词,或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子;其次,我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级;①. Before the trip I thought we were rich, but today I learnt who is ________ true rich.②. He must be ________ mental disabled.③. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ________ warm, and thanked his student very much for the sweet.④. ________ Fortune, nobody was injured and no buildings were destroyed.⑤. Some people say that the oldest child, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely to be ________ succeed⑥. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour——much ________ fast than any of its rivals对手.三、语篇练习一Most students do an IQ test early in their school career. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is ____1____ determines how well they are goingto do in life. When they see other students doing ___2____ good than them, they usually believe that those students have ____3____ higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change the fact. However, new research ____4____ EQ suggests that success is not ____5____ simple the result of a high IQ.While your IQ tells you how____6____ intelligence you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovery, ____7____ invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that ____8____ get you promoted. Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovery suggests that when_____9_____ predict someone’s future success, their character, as ____10____measure by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.二Paula interviewed two ____1______ teenage, Emily and Jerry, for a program ___2___ family life. There are three people in Emily's family and five in Jerry's family, so Jerry sometimes feels _____3_____ crowd in their little flat. Emily has a lot of possessions, but Jerry doesn't have many. Emily is not___4_____ expect to do housework, but Jerry is. They both like to do things with their family. But Emily's parentsare____5_____ business, so they usually do their own____6____ person things. Jerry and his family do things together. His family always comes to school events. Emily's parents don't usually set rules for her ___7___ Jerry's parents set some rules for him. Emily likes her new flat, but she ___8___ feel lonely when her parents are away ___9___home. Jerry loves his family very much. They have a close ___10___ relation and always support each other.三Good afternoon, parents and teachers. Thank you for___1_____attend this meeting. Last weekend, one of____2__ we students went to hospital. The student played computer games on the Internet all day Saturday without stopping___3____ eat, drink or sleep. Finally, he became very ill. Some students play computer games for too long. This is__4___ serious problem. In the past, students used ____5____ play outside more often, ___6___ now they spend more time___7__play computer games. This is bad for their health. Tomorrow we will have some experts here to talk to the students___8___ the bad effects of playing computer games. They will also give some advice on how___9____ use computers for studying. I hope we can all work together to stop students from spending too___10___ many time playing computer games.四Some people have a very poor sense of _____1_____ direct. Unluckily, I am one of them.I _____2_____ visit a place many times but I may still get lost there the next time.____3______I was a little girl, I never dared to ask strangers the way. And so I used to walk round in circles and hope that by chance I would get to the place I was going to.Now, I am no longer too shy _____4_____ ask people for directions, but I often receive helpless or even wrong information. So I try to avoid _____5_____ give people wrong directions.If anyone ever asks me the way somewhere, I would say,” Sorry, I am _____6_____stranger h ere.”Once on my way ______7____work I was stopped by a man. He asked me if I could tell him the way to the Friendship Building. I gave him my usual reply. But just as I walked on only a few steps, I realized____8______ he had asked the way to my office building. However, I had no time to return back and look for him. I was rushing to meet with someone at my office and I didn't want to keep him waiting. When I just got to my office, the secretary showed in the man _____9_____ had asked me for directions. Imagine how embarrassed I was and how _____10_____ surprise he was when we saw each other at the first sight五I am now a good student in my class．___1 ___ you don’t know that whenI started to learn senior English in the beginning,I found it difficult and quite different from ___2_____ we had learned in junior school．Now I still remember a teacher who taught me at that time. ___3__ teacher is a good teacher because she always tries her best to be the one whose classes are more active and lively with some stories and ___4___ example._____5_____the help of my teacher, I realized the ____6_______important of English,so I was ___7____determine to learn English well. My teacher suggested that we ___8_____ read more if we want to improve our English, so every day I would do some English reading. She also told us lessons___9 learn in classes could help us deal with exams, but even more valuable were the lessons learned in extra-curricular activities in school. I like my English teacher very much．Now I have made 10___great progress in my English study that I am more interested in learning it than before．。
（一）1.名词名词(Nouns）是词性的一种, 也是实词的一种, 是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
名词可以独立成句。
在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
2.代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词, 按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为: 人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
3、动词, 就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。
基本上每个完整的子句都有一个动词, 要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。
根据其在句中的功能, 动词可分为四类。
4.形容词形容词【adjective】很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征5.冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前, 对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。
冠词可以说是名词的一种标志, 它不能离开名词而独立存在。
冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a, an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种6、数词表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。
其用法相当于名词或者形容词。
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词, 数词分为基数词和序数词。
7、副词(Adverb)副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
8、介词的定义和特征介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。
在句中不能单独作句字成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类, 短语或从句作它的宾语。
（二）1.名词, 人或事物的名称3.代词, 代替名词或者数词（比如some就是代替数目）3.动词, 动作或状态4.数词, 表示数目或顺序（比如序数词, 5th就是表示顺序）5.形容词, 人或事物的性质或状态（因为形容词一般修饰名词）6.副词, 动作的特征或性状特征（因为副词一般修饰动词或形容词）7、冠词, 表示名词的泛指或特指8、介词, 表示名词或代词与其他词的关系（因为介词后面一半紧跟名词, 代词或其他名词性结构）9、连词, 连接词与词, 短语与短语, 句子与句子10、感叹词, 表示说话时的感情或语气（三）1.adj./ a.形容词用来描述一类物质的性质,状态,外貌,或人的性格特点,性质,品格如:big,happy2.adv./ ad.副词用来修饰动作或形容词,一般在句子中做状语用表示动作的进行怎样,或表示程度,特点,如:clearly,happily3.prep.介词连接地点,时间的一类词语,可以表示方位,时间.跟一些表示时间,地点的词连用表示介词词组如:in,to,on,under4.conj.连词用来连接时间,地点,原因,结果的一类词语如:when,beacuse,so5.num.数词表示数字的词,既可以是基数词,也可以是序数词如:one,two,first6.int.感叹词表示感叹的一类词,一般不加一解释,只代表感叹如:what,how,haurray7、vt.及物动词（后面要加宾语）行为动作的词如:do,finish,play8、vi.不及物动词（后面不加宾语）表示行为动作的词如:appear9、n.名词表示物体,物质的词如:pig,cow,man10、pron.代词代指一类人,事或物的词如:he,she,hers,his,things11.art = 冠词, article的缩写（四）在英语语法中主要把词分为8大类:1. 名词: 表示人、物或地方等, 如: John, teacher；table, pen；London；beauty.2. 代词: 用来代替名词, 以避免重复某个名词, 如: I, you, it, that, those, them.3．形容词：用来修饰或限制某个（些）名词, 如：good（man）, white （paper）, every（book）, much（water）, （John is）hon－est, （He seems）lazy．被修饰或限制的名词, 叫做主体词（head-word）。
