as2688澳大利亚标准

澳大利亚水龙头的WaterMark产品认证及WELS节水认证澳大利亚澳洲watermarkwels水龙头出口认证分类：澳洲认证水龙头产品的认证为WaterMark，对应节水认证WELSWaterMark是WELS的前提条件，是澳大利亚对于一切和水有关的产品的强制性认证。

水龙头的澳洲标准为：AS/NZS 3718水龙头产品的检测分为两部分，一部分在国内（机械类耐久性测试）一部分在澳洲（AS/NZS 4020 饮用安全方面）另外，对于水龙头的材料材质也有要求材料如果选用铜的，那么该铜需要满足AS 2345 （抗脱锌测试）材料如果选用塑料和橡胶的，需要满足AS 3558.5（抗紫外线测试）所以在认证之前，选材方面还是要留意的。

得到WaterMark证书之后，凭WaterMark及其测试报告，可以申请WELS。

水龙头的WELS分为以下几个星级（星级越高表示节水级别越高）AS/NZS 3718 Lv1在150kPa和350kPa的压力下0 星级：16升/分<平均流量，或没有通过性能要求测试1 星级：12升/分<平均流量<16升/分2 星级：9升/分<平均流量<12升/分3 星级：7.5升/分<平均流量<9升/分4 星级：6升/分<平均流量<7.5升/分5 星级：4.5升/分<平均流量<6升/分6 星级：平均流量< 4升/分宁波大生检测技术服务有限公司成立于2001年,是国内专业的洁具卫浴、水暖器材、电子电器行业检测机构。

可按欧洲、北美、澳洲、中国等多个标准对水龙头、花洒、软管等产品进行相关测试。

公司也专门做一些国外认证如：欧盟的CE认证法国的ACS认证英国的WRASR认证澳洲的Watermark(实验室SAI授权）美国的cUPC 德国的KTW,W270,DVGW,SKZ. 中东的验货等等。

一、认证介绍、证书范本。

WaterMark 是应用于给排水，管道系统的澳洲认证标志。

澳大利亚和新西兰家用电器法规标准体系中国是澳大利亚第一大贸易伙伴、出口市场和进口来源国,澳大利亚国内没有自己的家电制造企业,从大家电类的冰箱、洗衣机和空调等到小家电类的电水壶,吸尘器等产品都依赖进口。

澳大利亚标准与IEC标准的协调一致性。

澳大利亚的标准以“AS”开头,澳大利亚与新西兰的联合标准以“ AS/NZS”开头。

澳大利亚的标准与新西兰的标准基本与IC一致(目前澳大利亚的标准有333%完全与IEC标准一致),有些存在一些国家差异,例如:对于电源电压的要求是240V(单相)415V(三相)50Hz;由于所处的地理位置,某些产品的标准(如冰箱、空调)规定应按热带气候来考虑等。

澳大利亚和新西兰推行统一的标准和认证的相互认可,产品只要取得一个国家的认证后就可在另外一个国家销售。

澳大利亚认证主要包括电气安全、电磁兼容及能效标签三个方面产品电气安全认证澳大利亚没有统一的安全认证标志,各个州或地区都先后以立法的形式规定了对电器产品的管理方法,各个州或地区关于电气安全立法的内容基本一致电气产品分为强制申报产品和非强制申报产品。

电磁兼容性要求绝大部分电气电子产品都必须符合电磁兼容性EMC框架文件的要求,其目的是保护无线电通讯频段的资源,减少电器产品的辐射并确保电器产品的设计不会被电磁辐射所干扰。

其规定的实施制度有点类似于欧洲的EMC指令,即按照基于 CISPR文件的标准,通过测试或建立技术结构文件后,允许生产商进口商进行自我声明并在产品标示C-tick标记以表示符合性。

能耗标签改善器具和设备的能效是澳大利亚政府的努力目标,《国家温室大纲》中明确指出:通过扩展和提高现存的标贴和最小能源性能标准的有效性,来促进家用器具及商用和工业用设备的能效的改善。

除安全要求和EMC要求外,许多电器产品均需要具备能耗标贴方可在澳洲市场出售,例如:冰箱和冷柜、干衣机、空调、洗碗机、洗衣机等等。

申请人必须向监控机构提交申请表并附上完整正确的测试报告及能耗标签的样本。

AS/NZS 2208:1996Australian/New Zealand Standard ®Safety glazing materials in buildingss e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:1996This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee BD/7,Glazing and Fixing of Glass.It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 4October 1996and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 4October 1996.It was published on 5December 1996.The following interests are represented on Committee BD/7:Architectural Aluminium Association of New ZealandArchitectural Aluminium Fabricators Association,Australia Australian Association of Certification Bodies Australian Building Codes BoardAustralian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Chamber of Manufactures Australian Shopfitters AssociationBuilding Research Association of New Zealand Flat Glass Council of AustraliaHousing Industry Association,Australia Master Builders AustraliaNew Zealand Plastics Glazing Materials Suppliers New Zealand Safety Glass AssociationPlastics and Chemicals Industry Association Property Council of Australia Residential Window AssociationUniversity of New South Wales,Australia University of Sydney,AustraliaReview of Standards.To keep abreast of progress in industry,Joint Australian/New Zealand Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary.It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition,and any amendments thereto.Full details of all Joint Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand Catalogue of Publications;this information is supplemented each month by the magazines ‘The Australian Standard’and ‘Standards New Zealand’,which subscribing members receive,and which give details of new publications,new editions and amendments,and of withdrawn Standards.Suggestions for improvements to Joint Standards,addressed to the head office of either Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand,are welcomed.Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:1996Australian/New Zealand Standard ®Safety glazing materials in buildingsPUBLISHED JOINTLY BY:STANDARDS AUSTRALIA 1The Crescent,Homebush NSW 2140Australia STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Level 10,Standards House,155The Terrace,s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:19962PREFACEThis Joint Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee BD/7on Glazing and Fixing of Glass to supersede AS 2208—1978,Safety glazing materials for use in buildings (human impact considerations).This Standard covers tests to be carried out for the different types of safety glazing material such as laminated,toughened,heat strengthened,toughened laminated,liquid laminated,safety wired,organic-coated,plastic and organic-backed safety mirrors.This edition incorporates the following major changes from the previous edition:(a)The methods of test that were in Appendices B to H have been replaced by Appendices C to I.(b)Sampling and acceptance procedures that were in Appendices J and K and compliance verification given in Appendix P have been deleted and replaced by Appendix A.(c)Additional impact levels have been added to the impact test.The terms ‘normative’and ‘informative’have been used in this Standard to define the application of the Appendix to which they apply.A ‘normative’Appendix is an integral part of a Standard,whereas an ‘informative’Appendix is only for information and guidance.Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be requirements of this Standard.©Copyright STANDARDS AUSTRALIA /STANDARDS NEW ZEALANDUsers of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand publications and software.Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand.Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment.Australian requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia.New Zealand requests should be directed to Standards New Zealand.Up to 10percent of the technical content pages of a Standard may be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand.Inclusion of copyright material in computer software programs is also permitted without royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised.The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified.The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially,with or without payment,or in commercial s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 20093AS/NZS 2208:1996CONTENTSPageFOREWORD (4)SECTION 1SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPE ..................................................51.2APPLICATION ............................................51.3REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................51.4DEFINITIONS .............................................61.5TESTING ................................................71.6CLASSIFICATION ..........................................71.7MARKING ...............................................71.8VENTS ................. (8)SECTION 2DIMENSIONAL SPECIFICATIONS2.1GENERAL ...............................................92.2THICKNESS REQUIREMENTS ................................92.3SIZE TOLERANCE REQUIREMENTS ...........................112.4SQUARENESS OF RECTANGULAR PANELS —REQUIREMENTS .......112.5FLATNESS REQUIREMENTS .................................122.6EDGEWORK . (12)SECTION 3TEST REQUIREMENTS 3.1GENERAL ...............................................133.2IMPACT TEST ............................................133.3FRAGMENTATION TEST ....................................143.4BOIL TEST ...............................................143.5WEATHERING TEST .......................................153.6AGEING TEST ........... (15)APPENDICES A MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD 16B NOTES ON SAFE PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND HUMANDYNAMICS DATA (18)C DETERMINATION OF THICKNESS .............................20D IMPACT TEST ............................................21E FRAGMENTATION TEST ....................................28F BOIL TEST ...............................................30G WEATHERING TEST .......................................31H AGEING TEST ............................................33I UNIFORMITY/SURFACE COMPRESSION ........................34Originated as AS 2208—1978.Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 2208:1996.Incorporating:s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:19964FOREWORDWhere glazing material is so situated that accidental breakage is reasonably foreseeable,the glazing materials and thicknesses required for wind loading may not be adequate.While the accident rate through breakage of glazing material glazed at low level is significant among most age groups,it is particularly high in the age groups up to 19years.Research in the United Kingdom,New Zealand and Australia has shown that a high proportion of all reported accidents with glazing material involve glazed doors and side panels in all types of buildings.In certain specialized rooms,such as gymnasiums,breakage of glazing material located at high level is also a potential danger.In these and other similar danger areas,safety glazing materials meeting the requirements of this specification will reduce the risk of injury.Although these safety glazing materials will break under sufficient impact their fracture characteristics are such that if broken the likelihood of cutting and piercing injuries will be minimized.The aim of the impact test is to assess the fracture characteristics of a safety glazing material which has been broken at some predetermined minimum impact energy level dependent upon the intended application of the material.If the safety glazing material does not fracture at this minimum energy level,it must again be tested at higher energy levels until it is fractured,in order that the fracture characteristics can be assessed.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 20095AS/NZS 2208:1996STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALANDAustralian/New Zealand Standard Safety glazing materials in buildingsS E C T I O N 1S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L1.1SCOPE This Standard sets out test requirements for classification of safety glazing materials for use in buildings.The test requirements for the different glazing materials are designed to promote safety and to reduce or minimize the likelihood of cutting and piercing injuries from human impact.NOTES:1Alternative methods for determining compliance with this Standard are given in Appendix A.2This Standard is not intended to restrict the use of materials or methods of test not specified herein where such materials or methods of test can be demonstrated to be the equal of,or superior to,those specified.3Notes on safe performance criteria and human dynamics data are given in Appendix B.4This Standard identifies safety glazing marking requirements.1.2APPLICATION This Standard applies to all safety glazing materials for use asrequired by AS 1288.1.3REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in thisStandard:AS 1199Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes*1288Glass in buildings—Selection and installation1399Guide to AS 1199—Sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes*1599Pressure sensitive adhesive packaging tapes2193Methods for calibrating and grading of force-measuring systems of testing machinesAS/NZS ISO 9000Quality management and quality assurance standards ISO 9000.1Part 1:Guidelines for selection and useISO 9004Quality management and quality system elements ISO 9004.1Part 1:GuidelinesSAA/SANZ HB18Guidelines for third-party certification and accreditation HB18.28Guide 28—General rules for a model third-party certification scheme forproductss e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:19966ANSI Z97.1Glazing materials used in buildings—Safety performance specification and methods of testASTM C1279Test method for non-destructive photoelastic measurement of edge and surface stresses in annealed,heat-strengthened,and fully tempered flat glass D756Practice for determination of weight and shape changes of plastics under accelerated service conditionsD1499Recommended practice for operating light-and water-exposure apparatus (carbon-arc type)for exposure of plasticsG26Practice for operating light-exposure apparatus (Xenon-arc type)with and without water for exposure of nonmetallic materials DIN 50017Condensation water test atmospheresNZS 6507Materials testing machines and force verification equipment1.4DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions given below apply.1.4.1Drop height —the vertical distance from the horizontal centre-line of the maximum diameter of the impacting object when it is released relative to the horizontal centre-line of the impacting object when it is at rest (see Figure D1).1.4.2Heat-strengthened glass —Glass which has been subjected to a special heat treatment,so that the residual surface compression stresses lies between 24MPa and 45MPa.1.4.3Heat-strengthened laminated safety glass —laminated safety glass utilizing two or more panels of heat-strengthened glass in the make-up.1.4.4Laminated safety glass —a glass consisting of two or more sheets of glass permanently bonded together by one or more sheets of plastic interlayer.1.4.5Liquid-laminated safety glass —a glass consisting of two or more sheets of glass permanently bonded together by liquid chemicals that cure to form a plastic-type interlayer.1.4.6Safety double (or multiple)glazing unit —a double (or multiple)glazing unit in which all panels are of safety glazing material and are separated by airspaces.1.4.7Safety glazing materials —materials constructed,treated or permanently combined with other materials as to reduce the likelihood of cutting and piercing injuries resulting from human impact with them.All safety glazing materials are classified as either Grade A or Grade B according to the performance requirements in Section 3.1.4.8Safety organic-backed mirror —a glazing material consisting of a piece of mirror with a sheet of organic material permanently bonded to one side.1.4.9Safety organic-coated glass —a glazing material consisting of a piece of glass coated and permanently bonded on one or both sides with a continuous polymeric coating,sheet or film.1.4.10Safety plastic glazing material —a glazing material which contains as an essential ingredient an organic substance of large molecular mass,is solid in its finished state and at some stage in its manufacture or processing into finished articles can be shaped by flow.Plastic may consist of a single sheet of plastic material,a combination of two or more such sheets laminated together,or a combination of plastic material and reinforcement material in the form of fibres or flakes.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 20097AS/NZS 2208:19961.4.11Safety wired glass —a single sheet of glass with wire completely embedded in the glass.1.4.12Toughened laminated safety glass —laminated safety glass utilizing two panels of toughened safety glass in the make-up.1.4.13Toughened safety glass —a glass which has been converted to a safety glass by subjection to a process of prestressing so that,if fractured,the entire piece disintegrates into small,relatively harmless particles.The residual surface compression is a minimum of 69MPa.1.5TESTING Testing shall be carried out to ensure compliance of safety glazing materials with this Standard.Separate testing shall be carried out for different glazing materials,or for differences within a type of glazing material that could noticeably affect performance in the impact,fragmentation or environmental durability tests.Such differences may include,but are not limited to,nominal thickness or thicknesses,method of manufacture,types and amounts of additives and composition of base materials and adhesives.1.6CLASSIFICATION All safety glazing materials shall be classified as either Grade A or Grade B according to the performance requirements in Section 3.1.7MARKING Glazing material complying with this Standard shall be legibly marked with the following:(a)The name or registered trademark of the manufacturer or supplier.(b)The number of this Australian/New Zealand Standard,i.e.AS/NZS 2208.(c)A letter or other code to indicate plant of manufacture or supply.(d)Grade A or Grade B to indicate the grade of the material.(e)A number to indicate the nominal thickness for standard glazing material (see Table 2.1)in millimetres,or a number to indicate the minimum thickness for non-standard glazing material to the nearest tenth of a millimetre.(f)A letter or word or combinations thereof to indicate type of glazing material used in the product,as follows:(i)The letter ‘T’or word ‘toughened’,indicating a toughened safety glass.(ii)The letter ‘L’or the word ‘laminated’indicating a laminated safety glass.(iii)The letters ‘TL’indicating that the material is toughened laminated safety glass.(iv)The letters ‘HSL’indicating that the material is heat-strengthened laminated safety glass.(v)The letters ‘LL’indicating that the material is liquid-laminated safety glass.(vi)The letter ‘W’or the word ‘wired’indicating safety wired glass.(vii)The letter ‘F’or the word ‘float’indicating that the component or components are float glass.(viii)The letter ‘P’or the word ‘patterned’indicating that the component orcomponents are patterned glass.(ix)The letter ‘S’or the word ‘sheet’indicating that the component or components are made from sheet glass.(x)The letters ‘SP’indicating that the material is safety plastics for external and internal applications.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009AS/NZS 2208:19968(xi)The letters ‘SPI’indicating that the material is safety plastics for internal applications only.(xii)The letters ‘OC IN’indicating organic-coated glass.The marking shall be on the organic coating,the letters ‘IN’indicating the side of the material which is not to be exposed to the elements.(xiii)Any combinations of the above letters, e.g.‘LWF’indicating laminatedwired float.Where non-permanent marking is used it shall be of a type that remains legible until examined by the appropriate authorities,that can be removed and that will self-destruct when removed.NOTES:1An example of a trademark for a 6mm thick laminated float glass,Grade A safety glazing material by ABC company is as follows:LFABC Co.To AS/NZS 2208—GRADE A —62Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian/New Zealand Standard on a product,or on packaging or promotional material related to that product,are advised to ensure that such compliance is capable of being verified.1.8VENTS Toughened safety glass shall be free from vents exceeding 2mm in length and any cracks or vents extending from tong marks towards the interior of the glass.NOTES:1A vent is a minute crack which may be induced during the toughening process.2The production of small indentations (tong marks)close to the edge of sheets of toughened safety glass is a feature inherent in some manufacturing processes and the presence of such marks is permissible except as given above.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009S E C T I O N2D I ME N S I O N A LS P E C I F I C A T I O N S2.1GENERAL This Section sets out the required thickness,size tolerance,squareness of rectangular panels and flatness of panels for safety glass in order to comply with this Standard.NOTES:1For safety material other than safety glass (i.e.plastic),the manufacturer’s recommendation should be followed.2Prior to furnacing,toughened safety glass should be finished to a minimum standard whereby all edges are arrised.Arrised edges are formed by grinding a chamfer or bevel approximately 1mm wide on all sharp edges and corners.2.2THICKNESS REQUIREMENTS2.2.1General The thickness obtained shall be within the limits provided in Table 2.1,measured in accordance with Appendix C.2.2.2Standard nominal thickness of safety glass Safety glass,as specified in this Standard,refers to safety glass having a standard nominal thickness.Limits on the standard nominal thickness of various types of glass are given in Table 2.1.2.2.3Non-standard thickness of glazing material Thicknesses of safety glass other than those specified in Table 2.1may be utilized and shall not be a cause for rejection provided that the product meets all other appropriate test requirements of this Standard.NOTE:The use of non-standard thickness will require interpolation to satisfy the requirements of AS 1288.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009TABLE 2.1THICKNESS LIMITS FOR STANDARD NOMINAL THICKNESS OF GLASSmillimetresType of glassStandard nominalthicknessGlass thickness limits Minimum MaximumToughened glass,and heat-strengthened glass345 2.83.84.8 3.24.25.26810 5.87.79.7 6.28.310.312151911.714.518.012.315.520.02523.526.5Laminated glass5.386.388.38 4.65.67.6 5.46.48.410.3812.3816.389.611.615.410.412.416.6Toughened laminated glass,and heat-strengthened laminated glass6.388.38 5.67.6 6.48.410.3812.389.611.610.412.4Patterned glass,toughened patterned glass,and heat-strengthened patterned glass345 2.53.54.5 3.94.55.5610125.59.011.07.010.813.5Wired glass 65.06.8NOTES:1For glass that does not satisfy the thickness tolerances for the standard nominal thickness specified above,the minimum glass thickness shall be marked.2Linear interpolation as defined in AS 1288shall apply for non-standard thickness.3Glass thickness limits specified for laminated glass exclude interlayer thickness.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 20092.3SIZE TOLERANCE REQUIREMENTS Tolerance on sizes for all safety glassshall be as specified in Table 2.2.TABLE 2.2SIZE TOLERANCE FOR GLASS OF STANDARD NOMINAL THICKNESSmillimetresStandard nominalthicknessTolerance limitsNon-patterned Patterned<1200≥1200<1200≥12003±2±2±3±44±2±2±3±45±2±2±3±46±2±2±3±48±2±2±4±510±2±3±4±512±2±3±4±515±2±3——19±2±3——25±2±3——NOTE:For non-standard glass thicknesses,interpolation will be required.2.4SQUARENESS OF RECTANGULAR PANELS —REQUIREMENTS The squareness of rectangular panels shall be such that the difference between the two diagonals does not exceed 5mm for panels where the largest dimension is less than 1200mm and 10mm for all other panels.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 20092.5FLATNESS REQUIREMENTS The flatness of panels shall be within thefollowing limits:(a)Localized warp 1.0mm over any 200mm span.(b)Overall bow and warpage as given in Table 2.3.TABLE 2.3FLATNESS LIMITS FOR GLASS OF STANDARD NOMINAL THICKNESSmillimetresStandard nominalthicknessBow0to 15001501to 30003001to 50003451in 2001in 2001in 3001in 1501in 1501in 200——1in 20068101in 3501in 4001in 4001in 2501in 3001in 3001in 2001in 2501in 2501215191in 4001in 4001in 4001in 3001in 3001in 3001in 2501in 2501in 250251in 4001in 3001in 250NOTES:1Flatness measurements shall be checked against a straightedge with the panel standing within 5°of vertical and measurement taken horizontally.2For non-standard glass thicknesses,interpolation will be required.2.6EDGEWORK Prior to heat treatment,glass shall be arrised on all edges.NOTES:1Arrised edges are formed by grinding a chamfer or bevel of approximately 1mm wide on all sharp edges and corners.2Care should be exercized when handling glass to prevent edge damage and subsequent fracture.Particular care is required when handling toughened safety glass as damaged edges may result in spontaneous glass fracture.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009S E C T I O N 3T E S T R E Q U I R E M E N T S3.1GENERAL Glazing materials shall be classified as Grade A or Grade B safety glazing materials if it is shown that they satisfy the relevant impact (or fragmentation test for toughened glass)test performance requirements in addition to all other appropriate tests to be carried out as listed in Table 3.1.TABLE3.1TESTING FOR SAFETY GLAZING MATERIALSTestGlazing typeLaminated safety glassToughened safety glass*Heat-strengthenedand toughened laminated safety glassLiquid-laminated safety glassSafety wired glassOrganic-coated safety glassSafety plasticsOrganic-backed safety mirrorImpact(see Clause 3.2)X X X X X X X X Fragmentation (see Clause 3.3)—X ——————Boil(see Clause 3.4)X —X X ————Weathering(see Clause 3.5)—————X X —Ageing(see Clause 3.6)——————XXX indicates test to be conducted.*For toughened safety glass an impact or fragmentation test shall be carried out.NOTE:Boil test for heat-strengthened and toughened laminated glass can use laminates from ordinary annealed glass manufactured simultaneously.3.2IMPACT TEST3.2.1Test specimens Test specimens shall be prepared in a manner representative of normal installation practice.For example,if a safety organic-coated glass is used,the coating shall be applied to the test specimen in a manner that is representative of normal application (normally confined within the visible sight lines only).3.2.2Orientation of test specimens For a symmetric material (any material symmetric about the geometric centre plane through its thickness,including toughened glass and some laminated glass)the impact test shall be carried out by impacting on either face.For an asymmetric material (any material not symmetric about the geometric centre plane through its thickness,including patterned wired glass and laminated glass with mixed glass types or thicknesses)the classification shall be based on impact test results for impact on the face that is shown to give the worst performance.3.2.3Testing and classification Grade A glazing material tested in accordance with Appendix D (see also Table 3.2),at a drop height of 300mm,shall not break or shall comply with the requirements for breakage given in Appendix D.If breakage does not occur at 300mm then the drop height is progressively increased to 450mm,600mm,750mm,900mm,1200mm and 1500mm until breakage occurs.When breakage occurs it shall comply with the requirements for breakage as given in Appendix D.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009Grade B glazing material,when tested in accordance with Appendix D (see also Table 3.2),at a drop height of 200mm,shall not break or shall comply with the requirements for breakage given in Appendix D.If breakage does not occur at 200mm,then the drop height is progressively increased to 300mm,450mm,600mm,750mm,900mm,1200mm and 1500mm until breakage occurs.When breakage occurs it shall comply with the requirements for breakage given in Appendix D.TABLE3.2CLASSIFICATION OF GLAZING MATERIAL ACCORDING TO BEHAVIOUR WHEN SUBJECTED TO THE IMPACT TESTClass Drop height 200mmnominal Drop height 300mm to 1500mm nominal Drop height greater than 1500mm or by a centre punch A No requirement No breakage,or breaks safely Breaks safely ordeforms BNo breakage,or breakssafelyNo breakage,or breaks safelyNo requirement3.3FRAGMENTATION TEST When samples of safety glazing material are tested in accordance with Appendix E,a sample which complies with the minimum particle count specified in Table 3.3shall be deemed to comply with the requirements for Grade A safety glazing materials specified in Clause 3.2.TABLE3.3FRAGMENTATION TEST —MINIMUM PARTICLE COUNTNominal glazing material thicknessmmMinimum number of particles per square of 50mm side33043054064084010401240NOTE:There is no reference to particle count for 15mm,19mm and 25mm due to the lack of scientific data.3.4BOIL TEST When tested in accordance with Appendix F the glazing material itself might crack,but no bubbles or other defects shall develop more than 12mm from the edge of the test specimen or from any cracks that have developed.Any test specimen which cracks to an extent that the results are confused shall be discarded without prejudice and another specimen shall be tested in its stead.s e d b y C A N B E R R A I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O G Y o n 06 M a r 2009。

澳大利亚昆士兰州电子电器产品认证解析的研究报告澳大利亚昆士兰州一直以其高水平的电子电器产品认证标准而备受瞩目。

本文旨在探讨昆士兰州电子电器产品认证体系，包括其标准、流程、情况和未来发展趋势。

一、标准昆士兰电子电器产品认证标准严格，覆盖面广泛。

主要标准包括：1. ASNZS 4417:2012：该标准规定了电气和电子产品的基本要求，包括电磁兼容性、电气安全、机械安全和环境安全等方面。

2. CISPR 22、EN 55022、AS/NZS CISPR 22：这些标准是对电子设备进行电磁兼容性测试的国际标准。

这些标准适用于全球出口市场，因此不仅适用于昆士兰州的产品。

3. AS/NZS 60950.1:2003：该标准规定了信息技术设备的安全基本要求，包括电击保护、机械保护、带电部分防护等方面。

二、流程昆士兰电子电器产品认证过程复杂，需要完善和迅速的流程。

1. 委派认证计划：生产厂家将产品委托认证方进行认证。

厂家提交指定的样品和必需的文件，认证周期取决于测试结果和文件质量。

2. 样品测试：认证方将样品进行多项测试，例如耐压、匝间绝缘、影响电波等测试，以确认其符合要求。

测试所需时间因产品差异而异。

3. 认证证明：当认证完成后，认证机构会发放一份认证证明，以确认样品符合标准要求。

证明有效期最多为五年。

三、情况昆士兰电子电器产品认证工作发展迅速，日渐紧张。

因此，许多企业将此服务扩展到海外，并根据当地市场和法规的不同开展业务。

目前，昆士兰州电子电器产品认证的收费相对较高。

企业需要支付一定的费用来获取认证标准限制。

此外，市场认证数量也在持续增长，需求量日益增加。

四、未来发展昆士兰州电子电器产品认证在未来可能面临诸多挑战。

其中主要挑战之一是如何迎合市场需要并遵循本地和全球标准之间的平衡。

此外，数字技术和物联网技术的不断发展也可能影响昆士兰电子电器产品的认证。

综上可知，昆士兰电子电器产品认证标准严格、流程繁琐，但企业已逐渐适应该认证标准。

澳大利亚纺织品服装技术法规（2013年3月更新）
（本内容仅供参考，具体内容以最新颁布的法律法规为准，本文不承担任何法律责任。

）
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Trading Act 1987)
公平贸易（产品信息标准）条例2005（Fair Trading (Product
Information Standard)
Regulations 2005） 纺织品加工成的产品。

AS/NZS 2622规定了标示纺织产品纤维成分标签的两种方法，还规定了检验方法和允许的误差。

标准规定，只有用100%单一纤维制成的纺织产
品，也可以标识“纯（pure ）”、“全（all ）”或类似的术语。

混合纤维制成的纺织产品，可通过以下两种方法来标识： 方法A ：应按照各个纤维质量高低对各种纤维名称和含量进行说明，如图1所示。

对于一种或多种纤维含量小于5%的纺织产品，可用这样来标识：
只列出含量大于5%的纤维，如图2所示；
含量小于5%的一种或多种纤维统一用“其他纤维”来标识，如图3所示；
如果含量较小的纤维总含量小于5%，那么可以不标识。

图1 图2 图3
方法B ：应按照各个纤维质量高低对各种纤维名称进行说明，如图4所示。

对于一种或多种纤维含量小于5%的纺织产品，可用这样来标识：
对于含量小于5%的纤维用“小于5%”来说明，如图5所示；
用“其他纤维”来标识，如图6所示；
如果含量较小的纤维总含量小于5%，那么可以不标识，如图7所示。

图4 图5 图6 图7
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AS/NZS 2208:1996澳大利亚、新西兰标准建筑用安全玻璃材料Standards AustraliaStandards Australia是一所成立于1922年的独立的非营利机构。

它是澳大利亚的最高标准机构。

其宗旨是将个人与团体引向一个共同的目标——为提高生活质量和工业效率而将澳大利亚标准确立为产业与服务的国家标准。

Standards New Zealand新西兰的国家标准机构始建于1932年。

新西兰标准理事会是负责产品标准的权威机构。

该标准理事会于1988年根据标准法案建立Standards New Zealand.Australian/New Zealand Standards根据Standards Australia与Standards New Zealand之间的合作合约，工业、政府、消费者和其它部门的专家成立委员会筹备起草Australian/New Zealand Standards。

其公布的标准要求均经过各界代表的一致同意，并考虑了其它意见。

它反映了科学与工业的最新经验成果。

Australian/New Zealand Standards在公布后因科技的发展不断被审核与修改。

国际合作Standards New Zealand和Standards Australia都在努力使他们的观点被世界接受并从国际标准中吸收最新成果。

其职责关键在于帮助地方工业在国际市场上竞争。

两家机构都是国际标准组织（ISO）和国际电子技术委员会(IEC)的成员。

会员与信息Standards Australia和Standards New Zealand的成员可获得一系列的服务，包括：国际与地方标准发展的最新信息，优先获得最新的出版物和信用透支。

Standards Australia在悉尼和墨尔本的信息中心，Standards New Zealand在威灵顿的总部同时也提供澳大利亚、新西兰以及海外可适用的标准信息。

澳大利亚和新西兰的产品认证简介澳大利亚的标准机构为Standards Australia International Limited,其前身是1992年成立的.Australian Commonwealth Engineering Standards Association,1929年改为Standards Associationof Australian.把澳大利亚认证称为SAA认证应根据“SAA制定的标准来认证”的简称，但作为标准制定机构，SAA从没有颁发过产品认证证书。

SAA于1988年又改名为Standards Australia，1999年由协会改为有限公司，称为Standards Australia International Limited。

SAA是一个独立的公司，与政府没有直接的关系，尽管联邦政府和州政府是它其中的成员。

然而，由于在任何一个国家的技术基础设施中的重要性意味着同政府的密切合作和是非常必要的。

为了确保这点，自1988年开始，SAA和联邦政府之间有一个理解备忘录承认SAA是澳大利亚的非政府标准机构的最高组织。

在备忘录中指出，标准的制定要与WTO 的要求一致，为此,有协议指出当合适的国际标准已存在时，就不用制定新的澳大利亚标准。

澳大利亚的标准以’AS’开头，澳大利亚与新西兰的联合标准为AS/NZS’标准。

澳大利亚的标准与新西兰的标准基本与IEC一致（目前澳大利亚的标准有%完全与国家标准一致），存在一些国家差异，如由于所处的地理位置，某些产品的标准（如风扇）规定必须按热带气候来考虑。

澳大利亚和新西兰推行标准的统一和认证的相互认可，产品只要取得一个国家的认证后就可在另外一个国家销售。

一、认证/监督机构：澳大利亚是联邦国家，电器安全及能耗要求的认证、控制和管理工作由各个州或地区的监控部门（Regulatory Authority）按照本州/地区的认证程序进行，各州及地区的相关部门清单请见表1。

AS568美国O型圈标准widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.The sizes in the standard are de?ned by maximum andminimum ID and CS dimensions (although most listings, including this one, show this as a midpoint and a ±tolerance). Each ID and CS combination is identi?ed by a three-digit “dash number” as shown below.AS568 Part Numbers:A S568-214C D486 SAE StandardDash SizeCleaning and Packaging Designator (see table below)Compound Number (see table)Cleaning and Packaging Designators:C D First letter indicates cleaningC=Clean in cleanroom with IPA + HeptaneW=Clean in cleanroom with HCL + DIW and IPA + Heptane N=No special cleaning neededSecond letter indicates packagingD=Double bag, inner bag to be cleanroom qualityS=Single bag in blue Simrit bagB=Bulk packaging per special customer instructions*Except for -001, -002 and -003 sizeswidespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 isthe most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.widespread than just the aerospace industry. SAE AS568 is the most commonly used standard in the US for aerospace, automotive and general industrial applications.w w w.s i m r i t.c o m 1-866-2S I M R I T Simrit –EuropeFreudenberg Simrit KGD-69465 Weinheim, GermanySimrit –Americas47690 East Anchor Court Plymouth, M I 48170。

澳洲认证测试所澳洲认证测试所(TCA)是全澳最大的电力供应公司，澳洲能源全资拥有的一系列测试实验室。

位于雪梨，车士活的澳洲认证测试所是国际认可的品质管理系统和区域性的首要的实验室。

电器产品合格性服务澳洲认证测试所的车士活实验室被认可为测试有一系列的国际和澳洲标准规格，其中包括下列各标准：AS 3100 家庭电器产品测试AS 3250 影音电器测试AS 3260 资讯科技器材测试AS 3350 家庭电器产品测试我们有全国最先进的电器安全的测试设备。

我们的服务是最快和有效的。

我们的装备可以测试所有的电器用具包括医疗电器用具和资讯科技器材。

我们可以帮助你们将各种家庭电器、电照明灯具、通讯器具、医疗和实验室电器用具以至电器装置的配件更快投放市场。

我们提供一系列的服务包括：澳洲和国际标准的安全测试和电磁波兼容性(EMC)测试技术结构档案审核---澳洲的胜任人士和欧洲的低压和电磁波兼容性(EMC)指定澳洲各不同管制机关的批准证书和适合证书能耗标标签和测试能计测试和NSC认证IECEE CB国际证书计划现场测试和检视顾问服务人士亚洲语言服务澳洲认证测试所的服务除签发证书外还提供整套的测试和认证服务，我们有超过五十年的产品检测经验，保证能为澳洲和海外的产品制造商或分销商提供最好的意见和服务。

顾问服务产品开发至投入市场，会涉及多个不同的步骤。

很多在测试和认证期间出现的问题，都应在开发设计早期避免的。

利用TCA的顾问服务使你的产品在开发早期能得到详尽的认证知识指引，免去很多生产商常遇到的因产品不及格而延误推销产品的问题而引至巨大的损失。

TCA的顾问服务组具备下列的丰富知识和经验，为客人提供以下的测试服务：标准测试认证量度电磁波兼容性(EMC)从概念设计开始到最后测试和本土或国际认证批准阶段，我们的顾问服务组都可以商讨各项不同的问题，便能节省金钱。

电器产品认证：标准、各国性批准、国际证书、设计辅导、CE市场/欧洲指示、电器量度，品质系统和调校系统、电磁波兼容性(EMC)[澳洲的胜任人士/技术档案]能耗标标签除安全认证要求外，以下电器产品均需有准确的能耗标标签方可在澳洲市场出售：电冰箱和冷藏柜、洗碗碟机、干衣机、洗衣机、空调机澳洲认证测试所是被委任电器产品的能耗和效率。

澳大利亚标准AS 2832.1全面解读澳大利亚标准AS 2832.1是澳大利亚国家标准化协会（Standards Australia）发布的一项重要标准，是指导产品设计和制造的关键文件。

它涵盖了广泛的领域，包括建筑材料、消防安全、环境保护等，对于确保产品质量和安全性起着重要作用。

在本文中，我们将对澳大利亚标准AS 2832.1进行全面解读，深入探讨其内容、意义和应用范围，帮助您更好地了解和应用该标准。

1. AS 2832.1的概述AS 2832.1是澳大利亚标准AS 2832系列的一部分，主要涉及建筑材料的规范和标准。

它旨在规范和统一建筑材料的设计、生产和使用，确保其符合澳大利亚国家标准和相关法规要求，以保障建筑结构和使用者的安全。

2. AS 2832.1的内容AS 2832.1包括了一系列对建筑材料性能和质量的要求，涉及材料的力学性能、耐火性能、耐热性能等多个方面。

它还规定了测试方法和评定标准，以确保建筑材料的性能符合标准。

该标准还对建筑材料的贮存、运输和施工等环节提出了要求，以保证建筑材料在整个生命周期中的质量稳定和安全可靠。

3. AS 2832.1的意义AS 2832.1的发布对澳大利亚的建筑行业具有重要意义。

它不仅为建筑材料的设计和生产提供了明确的指导和标准，还为建筑工程的质量和安全保障提供了有力支持。

符合AS 2832.1的建筑材料能够有效降低建筑结构的风险，提高建筑的抗灾能力，保障使用者的人身安全，对于建筑行业的发展和社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。

4. AS 2832.1的应用范围AS 2832.1适用于各类建筑材料的设计、生产和使用，包括但不限于钢材、混凝土、塑料、玻璃等。

对于建筑行业的从业者来说，熟悉和遵守AS 2832.1的要求是保障工程质量和安全的重要保障。

作为消费者，了解建筑材料是否符合AS 2832.1的要求也是保障自身利益的重要途径。

5. 个人观点和理解作为文章写手，我深知建筑材料对建筑质量和安全的重要性。