8.英语中倍数的表达方法及译法
- 格式:ppt
- 大小:40.50 KB
- 文档页数:17
英语倍数句型及翻译英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样,其中有一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧等,见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于:英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。
现将常用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下:倍数增加(一) A is n times as great(long,much,…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer,more,…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length,amount,…)of B.(③)以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度,数量,……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长,多,……)n-1倍].e.g. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than/three times the length of) that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。
注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than(as,of)B常被省去。
(二)increase to n times(④)increase n times/n-fold(⑤)increase by n times(⑥)(⑦)increase by a factor of n(⑦)以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。
e.g. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year..集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。
.e.g. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。
e.g. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。
1. 在表示两倍时,我们常用twice或double。
例如:This year we have produced twice as much corn as we did last year. 我们今年生产的玉米是去年的两倍。
She is double my age. 她的年龄是我的两倍。
2. 在表示三倍或三倍以上的倍数时,我们常用times表示,能够译为"是......的几倍";"比......大/高/长......几倍"等等。
①用"主语+谓语+...times + the size(或amount, length...)+ of +被比较的内容"表示。
例如:The size of your room is five times the size of mine. 你房间的面积是我房间面积的五倍。
②用"主语+谓语+...times + 形容词(副词)的比较级 + than +被比较的内容"表示。
例如:Your bag is twice bigger than mine. 你的包比我的大两倍。
③用"主语+谓语+...times + 形容词+ (n.) + as + 被比较的内容"表示。
例如:Your book is three times as thick as mine. 你的书比我的书厚三倍。
④用"主语+谓语+...times + what引导的从句"表示。
例如:Cotton output is now ten times what it was ten years ago. 当前棉花的产量是十年前的十倍。
⑤用"主语+谓语+...times + upon(或over)..."表示。
例如:The size of the sun is a million times over that of the earth. 太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。
英文倍数表达法用英语表达A 是 B 的几倍长(宽,高,大,重等),A 比 B 长(宽,高,大,等)几倍或A 的长度(宽度,高度,大小,重量等)是 B 的 N几倍,可用下列几种句型。
1.A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B.This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
His father is twice as old as him. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。
2.A + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + BThe Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。
The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。
3.A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + BThe newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
4.The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + BThe size of the newly broadened square is four times that ofthe previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
5.其它I'm twice/ double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。
I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。
“倍数”用法集萃英语中"倍数"的表示法常见的有以下几种:1. 在表示两倍时,我们常用twice或double。
1、倍数+比较级...(1) 倍数as...as (意思是“A是B的几倍”。
)I am twice as old as he. 我的年纪是他的两倍。
He earns twice as much as he used to. 他比往常多赚二倍的钱。
(2) 倍数+比较级(意思是:A是B的几倍)Line A is four times the length of line B. 线条A 是线条B 的四倍长。
I have five times the number of Tom’s books. 我有五倍于汤姆的书。
(3) 使用more...than 比较级的例句:He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago. 他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多5 倍。
There are twice more students in our class than in theirs. 我们班的学生人数比他们班多两倍。
(4) 比较级也可使用分数、小数等数字。
The box is one-third bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。
Last year the output value of industry was 59 percent higher than that of 1976. 去年工业产值比1976 年增长了59 %。
(5) 在比较级前,还可以用over,more thant 等表示“比……倍还要多”。
It was over twice the distance of the earth from the sun. 那是地球到太阳的距离的两倍多。
He has more than three times my money. 他的钱是我的三倍还不止。
2、倍数+the 度量词of...The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的体积是月球的49 倍。
英语中如何表达倍数1. 倍数+ as + 形容词或副词的原级+ as + 其他。
这种结构又常演变成下列两类:①倍数+ as + many + 可数名词复数+ as;②倍数+ as +much + 不可数名词+ as。
如:There are seven times as many people as I expected.是我预料的人数的七倍。
There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。
2. 倍数+ 形容词(或副词)的比较级+ than + 其他。
如:The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。
3. 倍数+ the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他。
如:的六倍长。
4. 计量名词+ of + 名词+ be +倍数+ that + of + 其他。
如:The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
5. 倍数+what从句。
如:The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。
6. 倍数+ more + 名词+ than +其他。
如:There are nine times more books in his bag than in yours.他书包里的书比你书包里的书多九倍。
7. 其他表达。
如:She’s twice/ double my age. 她的年龄是我的两倍。
The average income of the staff has been increased by 50与去年相比,该单位职工的收入已增加了50%。
倍数增加的表示法及译法一、表示法:汉语表示“增加了几倍”时,英语的倍数表示倍数需减一,译成“增加了n-1倍”以表示净增加数。
如果译成“增加到n倍”或“为原来的n倍”,则照译不误。
1.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+n times“表示成倍地增长,译成”增加到N倍“或”增加n-1倍。
注:1倍 once; 2倍twice(或double);3倍thrice(或three times)2.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by+ n times,该句式与上述相同。
3.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+to+ n times表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了n-1倍。
4.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by a factor of + n times5.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+比较级+by a factor of + n times表示增加以后达到的倍数,译成”比。
大(长、宽。
)N-1倍。
6.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times+比较级+than......7.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times +adj./adv. +as....8.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+a + n times(或n-fold) +increase.......表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了N-1倍。
9.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。
大(长、宽。
倍)例子: Line A is as long again as line B. A线比B 线长1倍。
This machine turns half as fast again as that one.这台机器转动比那台机器快半倍。
10.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+half as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。
大(长、宽。
半倍)。
11. 句式特点:用double表示倍数,译成”等于.....的2倍“或”增加了1倍。
英语表示倍数的几种方式用英语表示倍数的五种方法如果要用英语表示A是B的多少倍,可以考虑用以下方法:方法一:数字 + times + as + 原级 + as +比较对象It cost three times as much as I had expected. 它花的钱比我预期的多两倍。
Cats sleep twice as much as people. 猫睡觉的时间比人长一倍。
Unemployment among blacks was twice as high as that for white. 黑人的失业人数是白人的两倍。
New drivers have twice as many accidents as experienced drivers. 新驾驶人所出的事故是老驾驶人的两倍。
There is an entrance hall of perfect proportions, twice as long as it is wide. 有一处比例堪称完美的门廊,长是宽的两倍。
方法二:数字 + times + the size / length / depth / height / width / quantity / amount / etc+ of +比较对象Their house is twice the size of ours. 他们的房子是我们的两倍大。
The queen bee is twice the length of a worker bee. 蜂王的体长为工蜂的两倍。
Many are holding out for ten times the price. 许多人坚持索要10倍于该价格的价钱。
This room is twice the length of the other, but much narrower. 这个房间的长度是那个房间的两倍,但窄得多。
Concorde crosses the Atlantic at twice the speed of sound. 协和飞机以两倍于声速的速度飞越大西洋。