(完整版)2018高考英语阅读理解A篇全汇总word版,推荐文档

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅰ卷)英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11."We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. "The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transform s the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning.D. She has had a light budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjiguin Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？plex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment— and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语Ⅲ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分30 分）AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardenVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester-- l hour 30minutesBy rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening timesSunday-Friday（closed on Saturday） 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00Gropes: ￡9.00Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A. 20 minutes.B. 25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens?A. ￡12.00.B. 9￡.00.C. ￡8.00D. ￡5.5023. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers Market.B. Holker Garden FestivalC. National Garden Day.D. Winter MarketBCities, usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmappedwilderness（荒野）. But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains are sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche（雪崩） once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first20000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in setting down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and g01o sea where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City-its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settles New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.CWhile famous foreign, architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize -which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture- -on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Department at the China Academy of Art（CAA）. His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.Wang' s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “ That is only evidence that once existed, “ he said.“ Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from thepast. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “ Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are," said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined, with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.28. Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects areA. following the latest world trendB. getting international recognitionC. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A. Its hilly environment.B. Its large sizeC. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functions.30. What made Wang's architectural design a successA. The mixture of different shapes.B. The balance of East and WestC. The use of popular techniquesD. The harmony of old and new.31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A. Spread them to the world.B. Preserve them at museums.C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.DAdults understand what if feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good Thews is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the pre- holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund（基金）（our kindergarten is serious about becoming a doctor）For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions. How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ballsimple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.32. What do the words “ more is more ” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enoughC. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?A. Saving up for her holidayB. Raising money for a poor girl moneyC. Adding the money to her fundD. Giving the money to a sick mother34 Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?A. To try out an idea.B. To show a parent's loveC. To train his attention.D. To help him start a hobby35.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Take it or Leave itB. A Lesson from KidsC. Live More with LessD. The Pleasure of Giving第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s46 I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 .to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 53 and leaned life lessons that have served me well beyond the54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I' m still putting to use what he 55 me：“the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words s till ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.41. A put forward B jumped at C tried out D turned down42. A waste B earn C save D pay43. A excited B worried C moved D tired44. A title B competitor C textbook D instructor45. A urged B demanded C held D meant46. A fastest B easiest C best D rarest47. A interview B meet C challenge D beat48. A chance B qualification C honor D job49. A real B perfect C clear D possible50. A attend B pass C skip D observe51. A add B expose C apply D compare52. A eventually B naturally C directly D normally53. A game B presentation C course D experiment54. A criterion B classroom C department D situation55. A taught B wrote C questioned D promised56. A fact B step C manner D skill57. A grades B decisions C impressions D comments58. A analyze B describe C rebuild D control59. A announce B signal C block D evaluate60. A role B desire C concern D behaviorTwo weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d __41__ seen him. So imagine my __42__ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was __43__! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to __44__. The bay was __45__ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little __46__, I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in __47__. ＂Something’s not __48__!＂I took off my T-shirt and __49__ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was __50__ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped __51__ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something __52_ to me. Those brown eyes were very __53__. ＂What’s his name?＂I asked the instructor. ＂Ben,＂he replied, and immediately I __54__. That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance. __55__, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to __56__ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben __57__ to me. ＂I just want to say thank you,＂he said. ＂You __58__ my life!＂I still can’t believe what a __59__ it was. I’m just so glad I was there __60__ to help my son.41. A. also B. often C. even D. last42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purposeWhen most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂sorry, __41__ number!＂and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something __43__.On March 19, Dennis got a group text __44__ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the __45__ of a baby.＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂Dennis __46__. The baby was born and update texts were __47__ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her __48__, she didn’t seem to realize that she was __49__ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t __50__ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂replied Dennis before asking which room the new __51__ were in.Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his __52__! He turned up at the hospital __53__ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally __54__ by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we __55__ it and the gifts.＂Teresa __56__ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website __57__ by the touching words: ＂What a __58__ this young man was to our family! He was so __59__ and kind to do this.＂The post has since gained the __60__ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41.A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong42.A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed43.A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical44.A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning45.A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46.A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47.A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around48.A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49.A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50.A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51.A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors52.A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53.A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making54.A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55.A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect56.A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted57.A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied58 .A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59.A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair60.A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trustThe Homeless HeroFor many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the __16__ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith __17__more remarkable.After spotting a __18__ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the __19__ to return.After hours in the cold and wet, he __20___ inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to __21__ it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it.He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after __22__ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were __23__to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was __24__.The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his __25__.Mr. Anderson said: ＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight __26__ he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and __27__ he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others __28__. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are __29__ guys out there.＂Mr. Smith’s act __30__ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson __31__ about the act of kindness on Facebook.Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to __32__ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received £8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown __33__ him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job __34__ and all sorts,＂Mr. Anderson commented.For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing __35__. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman20. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen25. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement26. A. when B. if C. where D. because27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn33. A. of B. at C. for D. in34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challengeRaynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been36 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a37 disease. There was no 38 , only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a 39 journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home, Raynor andMoth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 42 hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is 43 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 47 , found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.49 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 51 to a thread, but we were alive."During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, " 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book. It had also given me a 54 , either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.”36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missingNo one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own __16__.I learned this lesson from a(n) __17__ many years ago. I took the head __18__ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play agains t the __19__ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to __20__ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I c ouldn’t __21__ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to __22__ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were __23__ me. I had to change my __24__about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little __25__. Most important, I began to treat them like __26__. That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their __27___, we met every day and __28__passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our __29__on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to __30__. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a __31__for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest __32__of my life!From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can __33__ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and__34__them. I helped them to see themselves __35__, and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made, but born.16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differentlyA young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took 36 of a bus after its driver suffered a serious heart attack. Guy Harvold, 24, had 37 the students and three course leaders from Gatwick airport, and they were travelling to Bourmemouth to 38 their host families. They were going to 39 a course at the ABC Language School in Bournemouth where Harvold works as a 40 .Harvold, who has not 41 his driving test, said, “I realized the bus was out of control when I was 42 the students.”The bus ran into trees at the side of the road and he 43 the driver was slumped (倒伏) over the wheel. The driver didn’t 44 . He was unconscious. The bus45 a lamp post and it broke the glass on the front door before Harvold 46 to bring the bus toa stop. Police 47 the young teacher’s quick thinking. If he hadn’t48 quickly, there could have been a terrible 49 .The bus driver never regained consciousness and died at Easy Surrey Hospital. He had worked regularly with the 50 and was very well regarded by the teachers and students. Harvold said, “I was51 that no one else was hurt, but I hoped that the driver would 52 .The head of the language school told the local newspaper that the school is going to send Harvold on a weekend 53 to Dublin with a friend, thanking him for his 54 . A local driving school has also offered him six 55 driving lessons.36. A. control B. care C. advantage D. note37. A. taken in B. picked up C. tracked down D. helped out38. A. greet B. thank C. invite D. meet39. A. present B. introduce C. take D. organize40. A. drive B. doctor C. librarian D. teacher41. A. given B. marked C. passed D. conducted42. A. speaking to B. waiting for C. returning to D. looking for43. A. learned B. noticed C. mentioned D. doubted44. A. sleep B. cry C. move D. recover45. A. ran over B. went by C. carried D. hit46. A. remembered B. continued C. prepared D. managed47. A. witnessed B. recorded C. praised D. understood48. A. appeared B. reacted C. escaped D. interrupted49. A. delay B. accident C. mistake D. experience50. A. airport B. hospital C. school D. police51. A. happy B. fortunate C. touched D. sorry52. A. survive B. retire C. relax D. succeed53. A. project B. trip C. dinner D. duty54. A. bravery B. skill C. quality D. knowledge55. A. necessary B. easy C. different D. freeWe have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it __36__ to have too much?I__37__ back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also __38__a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it __39__.When I got into college, things __40__. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this __41__ there was no sense of __42__ to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became__43__.Once that happened, I just kept__44__my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was__45__really late at night to get my work alone.One day I __46__a former classmate of mine who was __47__ a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was __48__,I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would __49__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in__50__.He said that if he __51__the job, he would lose his __52__ to work and succeed.So, try __53__your tine with other work. This is why there is a __54__ that if you want something done, ask a __55__person to do it.36.A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible37.A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect38.A. watched B. loved. C. Coached D. played39.A. al last B. right away C. of course D. mattered40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered41.A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited42.A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction43.A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit44.A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling45.A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off46.A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired47.A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making48.A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding49.A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply50.A. childhood B. college C. town D. business51.A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept52.A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way53.A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading54.A. message B. story C. saying D. fact55.A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind2018新课标I卷BCADD CBDCB CACBA DBADA 2018新课标II卷DACCA BABCD CBDDA DBCAB 2018新课标III卷 DABDC AACDB ABACC DDBCB 2018北京卷CBACD ABDAC ABDAD BBDCC 2018江苏卷BDABD ABDCA CACBD CDBAC 2018天津卷CBDDB AACBA CBDAB CBDAD 2017.11浙江卷ABDCD CABCD DCBBC AABAD 2018浙江卷DADBC ACDAB ADCDB ACBCB。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国3卷）英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardenVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—l hour 30minutesBy rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening timesSunday-Friday(closed on Saturday) 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Gropes: £9.00Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.20 minutes.B. 25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens?A. £12.00.B. £9.00.C. £8.00D. £5.5023. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers Market.B. Holker Garden FestivalC. National Garden Day.D. Winter MarketBCities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port on river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications andtrade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896 Dawson Canada was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897 and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City - its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.CWhile famous foreign, architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize -which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture- -on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creationattracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed, “ he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are," said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined, with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.28. Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects areA. following the latest world trendB. getting international recognitionC. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A. Its hilly environment.B. Its large sizeC. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functions.30. What made Wang's architectural design a success？A. The mixture of different shapes.B. The balance of East and WestC. The use of popular techniquesD. The harmony of old and new.31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A. Spread them to the world.B. Preserve them at museums.C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.DAdults understand what if feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few large objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund (基金) (our kindergarten is serious about becoming a doctor).For weeks, I’ve been thinking of bigger, deeper questions. How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes max. I chose a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention andI had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?A. Saving up for her holiday.B. Raising money for a poor girl.C. Adding the money to her fund.D. Giving the money to a sick mother.34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?A. To try out an idea.B. To show a parent’s love.C. To train his attention.D. To help him start a hobby,.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Take it or Leave it.B. A Lesson from Kids.C. Live More with Less.D. The Pleasure of Giving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018年高考英语(天津卷)+W o r d版含答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英 语注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

例：Stand over there___________ you’ll be able to see it better. A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B 。

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

1.—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?一She will be here in about twenty minutes.z.x.xk此卷只装订不密封级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号A. All rightB. Don't worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself2.Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her3.At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up4.Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB.as ifC. even thoughD.so that5.—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding6.The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation7.Ineed anew passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take8.It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquire C teach D. test9.The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycler.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10.I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11.Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went___________.A.at firstB. after allC. above allD.at random12.I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.A.to eat；to tryB. eating；tryingC. eating；to tryD.to eat； trying13.My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB.is repairedC.is being repairedD. has been repaired14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where15.If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2018高考英语阅读理解A篇全汇总w o r d版小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。

【全国Ⅰ卷】AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, andparks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.【全国Ⅱ卷】ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/ carers will be asked to sign to confirm their children’s choices.Activity Description Member Costof staffOutdoor Adventure(OUT)Take yourself out ofyour comfort zone for aweek, discover newpersonal qualities, andlearn new skills. You willbe able to take part in anumber of activitiesfrom canoeing to wildcamping on Dartmoor.Learn rock climbing andwork as a team, andenjoy the great outdoorenvironment.Mr.Clemens￡14WWⅠBattlefields and Paris (WBP)On Monday we travelto London. Afterstaying overnight inLondon, we travel onDay 2 to northernFrance to visit theWorld War Ⅰbattlefields. On day 3we cross into Belgium.Thursday sees us makethe short journey toParis where we will visitDisneyland Paris park,staying until late to seethe parade and thefireworks. Our final day,Friday, sees us visitcentral Paris and tourthe main sights.Mrs.Wilson￡425Crafty foxes(CRF)Four days of productdesign centred aroundMrs.Goode￡30textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushion and decorations… Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.Potty about Potter (POT)Visit Warner BrosStudio, shop stop tobuy picnic, stayovernight in anapproved Youth Hostelin Streatly-on-Thames,guided tour of Oxfordto see the filmlocations, picnic lunchoutside Oxford'sChristchurch, boatingon the River Cherwellthrough the UniversityParks, before headingback to Exeter.MissDrake￡1521. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A. OUT.B. WBP.C. CRF.D.POT.22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A. Travel to LondonB. see a parade and fireworks.C. Tour central Paris.D. Visit the WWI battlefields.23. How long does Potty about Potter last?A. Two days.B. Four daysC. Five daysD. One week.【全国Ⅲ卷】AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardenVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6, Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30minutes.By Rail The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening timesSunday-Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November.Admission Charges:Hall & Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Gropes: £9.00 £5.5Special EventsProducers Market 13th April.Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th May.The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening. National Garden Day 28th August.Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long e does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A. 20 minuteB. 25 minutesC. 45 minutesD. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall Gardens?A. £12.00B. £9.00C. £8.00D. £ 5.50.23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers MarketB. Holker Ganen Festival.C. National Giaxdeo DayD. Wirer Market【浙江卷】AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.【江苏卷】【北京卷】AMy First Marathon(马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was“ not athletic”.The idea that I was "not athletic" stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s，I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带)became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted！At mile3, I passed a sign:“ GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving！As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself,, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)， I can now call myself a "marathon winner”.36. A month before the marathon, the author____________.A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made up his mind to runD. Lost hope37. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.38. How was the author’s first marathon?A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.39. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.【天津卷】AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms. and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residencehall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarmpull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which i nclude fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smokedetectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire Extinguishers[来源:Z*xx*]Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?1A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations38.In a fire drill, the students shoulg2A. rush quickly to a liftB. gather at the nearest2C. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.40.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is working参考答案【全国Ⅰ卷】21. A 22. D 23. D【全国Ⅱ卷】21.A 22.D 23.A【全国Ⅲ卷】21. D 22. B 22. D【浙江卷】21.C 22.D 23.A【江苏卷】56. C 57. B【北京卷】36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B【天津卷】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D。

绝密★启用前2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷（满分140 分，考试时间120 分钟）考生注意：答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。

I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.（）1. A. In a grocery B. In a cafe.C. At a tailor’s.D. At a toy shop（）2. A. He is pleased with his job.B. He is not satisfied with his work.C. He finds the huge workload unbearable.D. He finds his office much too big for him.（）3.A. He is most probably checking whether everything is OK. B. He is most probablyjumping from the desk.C. He is most probably repairing the desk.D. He is most probably changing the bulb.（）4. A. £ 200. B. £ 300. C. £ 600. D. £700. （）5. A. It's difficult for the woman to get the job if she takes theinterview.B. The woman can get the job if she takes the interview.C. The woman has less chance to get the job than others.D. The woman should work harder from now on if she wants to get the job. （）6. A. The man drinks too much wine.B. The man drinks little wine.C. The bed is too soft.D. The bed is too hard.（）7. A. He may change the shirt because it's too large.B. He may change the shirt because it's too small.C. He doesn't like the color of the shirt.D. He likes the shirt.（）8. A. To put him to another flight. B. To arrange the next flight.C. To take him to somewhere.D. To arrange his accommodation. （）9. A. The news on TV.B. Many people came to the new hotel.C. It is difficult for people to find a job.D. The man still has got a job.（）10. A. The woman thinks it easy to learn physics.B. The woman is good at physics.C. The man thinks Professor Smith explained the physics problem very clearly.D. The man can't understand the physics problem.Section BDirections: In Section B you will hear two short passages, and one longer conversation ,after each passage. The passages or conversation you will be asked several questions, the passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.（）11. A. Spain. B. France C. America D. England.（）12. A. Visitors shouldn't overlook it because it suffered a lot in history.B. Saint Augustine is the oldest city in the nation.C. Florida was ruled by Spanish until the United States took over it.D. Many visitors support the Florida’s coast recovery for its beauty. （）13. A. Florida's Atlantic coast.B. St. Augustine's history.C. Spanish control over Florida.D. Spanish history.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk. （）14. A. A lost property office in Europe.B. A lost property office in London.C. A lost property office in Tokyo.D. Paul Cowan's office.（）15. A. Lost items become the property of transport for London.B. Lost items are taken good care of by Cowan's team.C. Almost all of the lost items were returned to their owners.D. Twenty percent of the lost items are claimed in three months’ time. （）16. A. Because they think their lost shoes are useless.B. Because they have already bought new shoes.C. Because they would like to get a new pair.D. Because they can't find their lost shoes.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. （）17. A. She is most probably bargaining for a house.B. She is most probably visiting one of her friends.C. She is most probably looking for a house.D. She is most probably contacting her bank for a house.（）18. A. The kitchen attached bathroom.B. A wine storage area.C. The floor covering.D. The relaxing colors of the wall.（）19. A. The price is reasonable. B. The price is too high.C. The price is low.D. The offer is unfair.（）20. A. The woman will buy the house because the price is reasonable.B. The house is really good because the bathroom is attached to the bedroom.C. The inside of the house is better than the outside.D. The woman likes the house so much that she will buy it.II.Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A comprehensive study of 4, 500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain 's cortex -the outer layer that processes sensory information. “We don't know if it 21(cause) by the screen time. We don't know yet if it's bad thing. It won't be until we follow them over time 22we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot ,” Dr. Gaya Dowling. “What we can say is that this is 23the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it's not just one pattern.”The problem isn't just screens 24 , but also the way screens tempt kids (and adults) away from something far more important: physical activity. More than 23 percent of adults and 80 percent of adolescents don't get enough physical activity, and according to a 2019 report from the World Health Organization . (WHO), these patterns of activity and rest arise 25 habits we develop early in life, “What we really need to do is 26(bring) back play for children,” says Dr. Juana Williamson, a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity, in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019. This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime, while 27(protect) sleep. Of course, children aren’t completely to blame for their screen addiction.Sometimes, the parents 28 complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one. A 2016 study 29 (conduct) by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens, mostly not for work-related reasons. While 78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models , the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior. Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids- 30 it means playing the bad guy. Our mental and physical health depends on it.21. 26. Section B 22.27.23.28.24.29.25.30.Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Some Very “American” Words Come from ChineseOn a recent program, we told you the stories of English words borrowed fromother languages. Today, we will tell you about words that English has taken from Chinese.Many of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin.Let’s start with kowtow. kowtowThe English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems 31 . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means “knock your head.” It refers to the ac t of kneeling and lowering one's head as a sign of respect to 32— such as emperors , elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. In 1793, Britain 's King George III sent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to 33_ a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his 34to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king.It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement . After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection.gung-hoAnother borrowed word that came about through 35 between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The C hinese characters “gōng” and “hé” together mean “work together, cooperate.” The original term — gõngyèhézuòshè— means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development.Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine3 Corps4 observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying “. .... a ll the soldiers 36 themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had 37 ........ In 1942 , he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the “Gung Ho Battalion .” From then, the word gung -ho spread as a slogan the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military.typhoonIn English, a typhoon is a very powerful and 38storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung -ho. And not all historical accounts are the same . But , according to the Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, the first typhoons reported in the Englishlanguage were in India and were called “touffons” or “tufans,” The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood . The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon.Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means “great wind.” The word's 39 to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word — typhoon — was influenced by the Cantonese but_40 to make it appear more Greek.31.36.32.37.33.38.34.39.35.40.III.ReadingComprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context .When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends , they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. 41 , they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into 42.The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development , found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver 's license , who have tried alcohol , who date , and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976 , with the most precipitous 43 in the past decade . The declines appeared across race, geographic , and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban , and suburban areas.To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities , but the 44 have slimmed considerably, Between 1976 and 1979, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date; between 2010 and 2015 only 63 percent People say, Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible , or more lazy, or more boring , “but they 're 45 the larger trend ,” said Jean Twenge , lead author of the study , which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans . Rather, she said, kids may be less 46 in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today' s society.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's “life strategy” slows down or speeds up depending on his or her 47 , exposure to a “harsh and unpredictable ” environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the 48effect , the study said . In the first 49 , “You 'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more 50 and fewer resources,” said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of “iGen ; Why Today ’s Super -Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious , More Tolerant , Less Happy — and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood.A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less prevalent , “the goal back then was survival , not violin lessons by 5,” Twenge said. In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more 51about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for “establishing mate value based on procurement of resources,” the study said.But America is shifting more toward the 52model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully 53 has really sunk in.” The 54of “adult activities” could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurricular as they did in the 1990s ( with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the 55 , the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.（）41. A. Therefore B. Rather C. Moreover D. Besides（）42. A. childhood B. neighborhoodC. adolescentsD. adulthood（）43. A. escapes B. ends C. decreases D. changes（）44. A. minorities B. majorities C. masses D. amounts（）45. A. taking B. avoiding C. sending D. missing（）46. A. interested B. envied C. relieved D. realized（）47. A. emotions B. surroundings C. customs D. habits（）48. A. wrong B. same C. opposite D. similar（）49. A. event B. issue C. case D. occasion（）50. A. trouble B. questions C. benefits D. diseases（）51. A. respectively B. delicatelyC. seriouslyD. considerably（）52. A. slower B. better C. smaller D. faster （）53. A. emphasized B. related C. organized D. educated （）54. A. implement B. postponementC. achievementD. payment（）55. A. cause B. impact C. fact D. resultSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Bitcoin and other so called crypt currencies have been all over the news lately. Apparently , the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank — or a specific country — is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that : A modern invention . Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally , and bartering was common . (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks , like the Buy Nothing Project.).In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world 's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum , objects other than coins have served as currency , including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copperwere used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period , tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia , Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency — and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination . On Malaita , the most - populated island that ’s part of the Solomon Islands , shells are accepted at most places in “How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape,” Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita , told Vice. “One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more, For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time.Just like a mint that creates coins , there ' s only one place on the island where the shells , which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s , but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like crypto currencies , there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades . It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed , strung -together shells , but what is a pile of dollars ? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we've assigned value to — and probably less durable over time than those shells.（）56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Money was created and was widely used in the world.B. Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past.C. The ingredients of world's first coins may be the combination of gold and silver.D. Using shells for money has been out of date in the world.（）57. The word “mint” in paragraph 4 is closest in the meaning to“”.A. a kind of money that can exchangeB. the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candiedC. a place to produce and polish shellsD. a factory that produces currency（）58. What's opinion of the author towards shells for money? A.Reasonable. B. Imaginary. C.Convenient. D. Inventive.（）59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A.The History of Bitcoin B. Shells Still Money C.The Currency Is of Great Use D. Some Shells(B)How Do You Move a Giant Sequoia?The logistics of excavating（挖掘）and relocating town’s century-old, living sequoia(红杉) tree. Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club cofounder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall-conifer( 针叶树) stood in the way of its planned hospital called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800, 000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I [had] lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president — and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder , measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed. —Leslie Nemo1.Mark A. Merit and his team at Environmental Design installed underneath the root ball a platform of seven-inch-diameter,44-foot-long steelbars and, just below the rods, a first set of uninflated airbags ( shown in gray).The team also dug a shallow ramp.2.In roughly 15 minutes, the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the surface of the hole.3.By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed the platform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of the hole while staying level, A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back of the platform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home.4.There a second set of partially inflated bags (shown in white) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil.ing the first set of airbags, the movers rolled the platform into the new hole.6.The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree.7.The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower the sequoia's root ball to the bottom of its hole, The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years.8.For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.（）60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined "stood in the way of"?A. ResistedB. BalancedC. Blocked.D. Promoted. （）61. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees?A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use.B. Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans.C. Because it corresponds to government's plan of Environmental Design.D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old.（）62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with? A.They will be given new soil in the new living environment.B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees.C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time.D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years.(C)Understand the Economic Concept of a Budget LineThe term “budget line” has several related meanings, including a couple that are self- evident and a third that is not.The budget line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations — it's the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.Given a limited amount of money, a consumer can only spend that same amount buying goods. If the consumer has X amount of money and wants to buy two goods A and B, she can only purchase goods totaling X. If the consumer needs an amount of A costing 0.75, she can then spend only 0.25 X, the amount remaining, on her purchase of B.This seems almost too obvious to bother writing or reading about. As it turns out, however , this same concept-one that most consumers make many times each day with reflecting on it-is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics , which is explained below.Lines in a BudgetBefore turning to the economics definition of budget line, consider another concept : the line-item budget . This is effectively a map of future expenditures , with all the constituent expenditures individually noted and quantified. There' s nothing very complicated about this usage, a budget line is one of the lines in the budget, with the service or good to be purchased named and the cost quantified,The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptOne of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above —a consumer 's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.A Simple Budget Line GraphTo understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets. you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $ 150 to spend , In the example below , assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $ 10 each , then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books — the number of books available in this example is 0. You can also graph the other extreme — all crime novels and no movies . Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest , leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.（）63. Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE?A.It is limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.B.Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex.C.It is the effectively a map of future expenditures.D.It can be expressed as a mathematical. equation.（）64. What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation.B.To help us figure out the meaning Budget Line.C.To tell us we should budget before we buy goods.D.To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line.（）65. Assume that each movie costs 10 and each crime novel costs, $15, you have $150.Which is RIGHT according to this passage?A.The maximum number of movies you can see is 10.B.The maximum number of crime novels you can buy is 15.C.You can buy 7 crime novels and, see 5 movies.D.You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies.（）66. What is the best title of this passage?A.Do we really know the economic concept of a budget line?B.The Budget Line as an Economics Concept.C.The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingD.The Complex Concept- Budget LineSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The format of magazines enables children to be exposed to a wide variety of wide subjects.B.Magazines and newspapers provide adults with critical news.C.Being exposed to magazines and newspapers benefits you a lot.D.Keep interesting magazine pictures to give children story ideas.E.Magazines are valuable assets for many people, but in particular to children.F.Magazines and newspapers are expensive now but out of styleMagazine Articles More Valuable Than You May ThinkParents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines . Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.Magazine BenefitsMagazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children's publication.By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill. 67 Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（卷2）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German？A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A.Colleagues.B.Brother and sister.C.Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place？A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about？A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview？A.It was tough.B.It was interesting.C.It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

高考英语真题深度阅读2018全国卷一D全考点解析附译文[名校内部资料]We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment —and our wallets —as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life —from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices —we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.深度阅读I 根据文章回答问题。

年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷） 英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。

第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）此卷只装订不密封 班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

例：Stand over there___________ you’ll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B。

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

1.—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now一She will be here in about twenty All right B.Don't worry C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. herfirst Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever since if C. even thoughthat5.—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kiddingthat there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitationanew passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. taketook him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquire C teach D. testgold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycler.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatevercan't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have leftthought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.first B. after all C. above allrandomdidn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.eat；to try B. eating；tryingC. eating；to try eat； tryingwashing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired repairedbeing repaired D. has been repairedwas only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. wherewe ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。