Aluminium-alloyed p+ emitters for n-type silicon solar cells

高三英语材料科学单选题60题1.Metal is a common material in engineering. Which of the following is not a metal?A.ironB.aluminumC.glassD.copper答案：C。

本题考查材料科学中金属的概念。

铁（iron）、铝（aluminum）和铜（（copper）都是常见的金属。

而玻璃（（glass）是一种非金属材料，主要由硅酸盐等组成。

2.Which material is often used for insulation?A.steelB.plasticC.goldD.silver答案：B。

在材料科学中，塑料（（plastic）常被用作绝缘材料。

钢（steel）、金（（gold）和银（（silver）都是导电性能较好的金属材料，不适合用于绝缘。

3.In the field of materials science, which one is a composite material?A.woodB.paperC.concreteD.water答案：C。

混凝土（（concrete）是一种复合材料，由水泥、骨料和水等组成。

木头（（wood）是天然材料。

纸（（paper）主要由纤维素等组成，不是复合材料。

水（water）是一种化合物，不是复合材料。

4.Which material is known for its high hardness?A.rubberB.leatherC.diamondD.cloth答案：C。

在材料科学中，钻石（（diamond）以其高硬度而闻名。

橡胶（rubber）、皮革（leather）和布（cloth）的硬度都较低。

5.Which of the following materials is ductile?A.brickB.glassC.copperD.stone答案：C。

在材料科学中，铜（（copper）是一种具有延展性（（ductile）的金属材料。

铝合金英文单词一、“aluminum alloy”（铝合金）（一）单词释义“aluminum”指铝这种金属元素，“alloy”表示合金，是由两种或两种以上的金属或金属与非金属经一定方法所合成的具有金属特性的物质。

所以“aluminum alloy”就是铝与其他一种或多种元素（如铜、镁、硅等）形成的合金。

（二）单词用法1. 作主语：Aluminum alloy is widely used in modern industries.（铝合金在现代工业中被广泛使用。

）2. 作宾语：We need to choose a suitable aluminum alloy for this project.（我们需要为这个项目选择一种合适的铝合金。

）3. 作定语：The aluminum alloy frame is very strong.（这个铝合金框架非常坚固。

）（三）近义词1. aluminium alloy（英式拼写，与aluminum alloy同义）2. aluminiferous alloy（含铝的合金，比较书面化的表达）（四）短语搭配1. aluminum alloy window（铝合金窗）2. aluminum alloy plate（铝合金板）3. high - strength aluminum alloy（高强度铝合金）（五）双语例句1. “Look at this bike! Its frame is made of aluminum alloy. It's so light yet durable. It's like a nimble little deer in the forest of transportation options.”（看这辆自行车！它的车架是由铝合金制成的。

它又轻又耐用。

就像交通选择森林里一只灵活的小鹿。

）2. “I'm thinking of getting some new furniture. Aluminum alloy furniture might be a great choice. It gives a modern and sleek look. Don't you think so?”（我正在考虑买些新家具。

引用格式：邢清源，臧金鑫，陈军洲，等. 超高强铝合金研究进展与发展趋势[J]. 航空材料学报，2024，44(2)：60-71.XING Qingyuan，ZANG Jinxin，CHEN Junzhou，et al. Research progress and development tendency of ultra-high strength aluminum alloys[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials，2024，44(2)：60-71.超高强铝合金研究进展与发展趋势邢清源1,2*, 臧金鑫1,2, 陈军洲1,2, 杨守杰1,2, 戴圣龙1,2*（1．中国航发北京航空材料研究院 铝合金研究所，北京 100095；2．北京市先进铝合金材料及应用工程技术研究中心，北京100095）摘要：超高强铝合金具有密度低、比强度高等特点，广泛应用于航空、航天、核工业等领域。

合金的极限强度已从第四代铝合金的600 MPa级，逐步发展到650～700 MPa级、750 MPa级，甚至800 MPa级及以上第五代铝合金。

本文首先对超高强铝合金的发展历程和国内外发展现状进行概述；随后，从成分设计与优化、熔铸与均匀化技术、热变形技术、热处理技术、计算机辅助模拟计算共五个方面对近些年的研究进展和所遇到的问题进行了总结和讨论；最后，结合未来装备的发展需求和国内的技术现状，指出“深入研究基础理论，解决综合性能匹配等问题以及在特定应用场景下专用材料的推广应用”是超高强铝合金的发展趋势和重要方向。

关键词：超高强铝合金；Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系合金；熔铸法；高合金化doi：10.11868/j.issn.1005-5053.2023.000171中图分类号：TG146.21 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5053(2024)02-0060-12Research progress and development tendency of ultra-highstrength aluminum alloysXING Qingyuan1,2*, ZANG Jinxin1,2, CHEN Junzhou1,2, YANG Shoujie1,2, DAI Shenglong1,2*（1. Aluminum Alloy Institute，AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials，Beijing 100095，China；2. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Aluminum Alloys and Applications，Beijing 100095，China）Abstract: Ultra-high strength aluminum alloy has achieved extensive application in the nuclear，aerospace，and aviation industries because of its high specific strength and low density. The fifth generation of ultra-high strength aluminum alloy has been produced，and in comparison to the fourth generation’s 600 MPa level，its ultimate strength has been consistently redefined and increased from 650-700 MPa to 750 MPa or even 800 MPa. This paper reviews the history of the research on aluminum alloys with ultra-high strengths and introduces the current state of development both domestically and internationally. The key issues and recent research development are further explored，including computer simulation，thermal deformation，heat treatment，homogenization，melting，and casting，as well as composition design. Finally，combined with the development needs of future equipment and domestic technology status，it is pointed out that in-depth study of basic theory to solve the problem of comprehensive performance matching，the promotion and application of special materials in specific application scenarios are the development trend and important direction of ultra-high strength aluminum alloy.Key words: ultra-high aluminum alloy；Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy；ingot metallurgy；high alloying超高强铝合金属于7×××系（Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系）合金，是该系列合金中的一个重要分支，具有低密度、高比强度等特点，被广泛用于航空、航天、核工业、兵器等领域，按照航空铝合金代次的划分，超高强铝合金已发展至第五代合金。

美国钢铁产品的标准比较多，主要有以下几种：美国钢铁产品的标准比较多，主要有以下几种：ANSI 美国国家标准AISI??美国钢铁学会标准ASTM 美国材料与试验协会标准ASME 美国机械工程师协会标准AMS 航天材料规格（美国航空工业最常用的一种材料规格，由SAE制定）API 美国石油学会标准AWS 美国焊接协会标准SAE 美国机动车工程师协会标准MIL 美国军用标准QQ 美国联邦政府标准A216:：WCB , WCCA217: WC6 , WC9 , C5 (ZGCr5Mo)A351: CF8 , CF3 , CF3 M , CF8C标准号? ? ? ? 标准中文名称? ? ? ? 标准英文名称ASTM A1-00 ? ? ? ? 碳素钢丁字轨? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Tee Rails ASTM A2-02 ? ? ? ? 普通型,带槽和防护型碳素工字钢轨? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Girder Rails of Plain, Grooved, and Guard TypesASTM A3-01 ? ? ? ? 低、中、高碳素钢鱼尾（连接）板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Joint Bars, Low, Medium, and High Carbon (Non-Heat-Treated)ASTM A6/A6M-04a ? ? ? ? 轧制结构钢板材、型材和薄板桩通用技术要求? ? ? ? Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling ASTM A20/A20M-04a ? ? ? ? 压力容器用钢板材通用要求? ? ? ? Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure VesselsASTM A27/A27M-03 ? ? ? ? 通用碳素钢铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General ApplicationASTM A29/A29M-04 ? ? ? ? 热锻及冷加工碳素钢和合金钢棒? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forASTM A31-04 ? ? ? ? 钢铆钉及铆钉和压力容器用棒材? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Rivets and Bars for Rivets, Pressure VesselsASTM A34/A34M-01 ? ? ? ? 磁性材料的抽样和采购试验的标准惯例? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic MaterialsASTM A36/A36M-04 ? ? ? ? 碳素结构钢技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Structural SteelASTM A47/A47M-99 ? ? ? ? 铁素体可锻铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron CastingsASTM A48/A48M-03 ? ? ? ? 灰铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Gray Iron CastingsASTM A49-01 ? ? ? ? 经热处理的碳素钢鱼尾（连接）板，微合金鱼尾板及锻制碳素钢异型鱼尾板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Carbon Steel Joint Bars, Microalloyed Joint Bars, and Forged Carbon Steel Compromise Joint BarsASTM A53/A53M-04 ? ? ? ? 无镀层热浸的、镀锌的、焊接的及无缝钢管的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessASTM A65-01 ? ? ? ? 钢轨道钉? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Track SpikesASTM A66-01 ? ? ? ? 钢质螺旋道钉? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Screw SpikesASTM A67-00 ? ? ? ? 热加工低碳钢和高碳钢垫板技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Tie Plates, Low-Carbon and High-Carbon Hot-WorkedASTM A74-04 ? ? ? ? 铸铁污水管及配件的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and FittingsASTM A82-02 ? ? ? ? 钢筋混凝土用无节钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete ReinforcementASTM A90/A90M-01 ? ? ? ? 镀锌和镀锌合金钢铁制品镀层重量的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy Coatings ASTM A99-03 ? ? ? ? 锰铁合金? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerromanganeseASTM A100-04 ? ? ? ? 硅铁? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerrosiliconASTM A101-04 ? ? ? ? 铬铁? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerrochromiumASTM A102-04 ? ? ? ? 钒铁合金? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerrovanadiumASTM A105/A105M-03 ? ? ? ? 管系部件用碳素钢锻件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping ApplicationsASTM A106/A106M-04a ? ? ? ? 高温用无缝碳素钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A108-03 ? ? ? ? 优质冷加工碳素钢棒材技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedASTM A109/A109M-03 ? ? ? ? 冷轧碳素钢带技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25 Maximum Percent), Cold-RolledASTM A111-99a(2004)e1 ? ? ? ? 电话和电报线路用镀锌"铁"丝规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Iron Telephone and Telegraph Line WireASTM A116-00 ? ? ? ? 镀锌钢丝编织栏栅网? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated, Steel Woven Wire Fence FabricASTM A121-99(2004) ? ? ? ? 镀锌刺钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Mettalic-Coated Carbon Steel Barbed WireASTM A123/A123M-02 ? ? ? ? 钢铁产品的锌镀层（热浸镀锌）技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsASTM A125-96(2001) ? ? ? ? 热处理螺旋形钢弹簧? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Springs, Helical, Heat-TreatedASTM A126-04 ? ? ? ? 阀门、法兰和管配件用灰铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe FittingsASTM A128/A128M-93(2003) ? ? ? ? 钢铸件,奥氏体锰? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic ManganeseASTM A131/A131M-04 ? ? ? ? 海船用结构钢? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Structural Steel for ShipsASTM A132-04 ? ? ? ? 钼铁合金? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerromolybdenumASTM A134-96(2001) ? ? ? ? 电熔(电弧)焊钢管(NPS为16英寸和16英寸以上)? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over)ASTM A135-01 ? ? ? ? 电阻焊钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel PipeASTM A139/A139M-04 ? ? ? ? 电熔(电弧)焊钢管(4英寸以上的)? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Over)ASTM A143/A143M-03 ? ? ? ? 热浸镀锌结构钢制品防脆裂措施和探测脆裂的程序? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Embrittlement of Hot-Dip Galvanized Structural Steel Products and Procedure for Detecting EmbrittlementASTM A144-02 ? ? ? ? 铁钨合金规范? ? ? ? Specification for FerrotungstenASTM A146-04 ? ? ? ? 氧化钼制品? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Molybdenum Oxide Products ASTM A148/A148M-03 ? ? ? ? 结构用高强度钢铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural PurposesASTM A153/A153M-04 ? ? ? ? 钢铁制金属构件上镀锌层(热浸)? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel HardwareASTM A159-83(2001) ? ? ? ? 汽车用灰铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Automotive Gray Iron CastingsASTM A167-99 ? ? ? ? 不锈钢和耐热铬镍钢板、薄板及带材? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A176-99 ? ? ? ? 不锈钢和耐热铬钢板、薄板及带材? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A178/A178M-02 ? ? ? ? 电阻焊接碳素钢钢管及碳锰钢锅炉和过热器管的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A179/A179M-90a(2001) ? ? ? ? 热交换器和冷凝器用无缝冷拉低碳钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ASTM A181/A181M-01 ? ? ? ? 普通锻制碳素钢管的规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose PipingASTM A182/A182M-02 ? ? ? ? 高温设备用锻制或轧制的合金钢管法兰、锻制管件、阀门及零件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A183-03 ? ? ? ? 钢轨用碳素钢螺栓和螺母? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Track Bolts and NutsASTM A184/A184M-01 ? ? ? ? 混凝土加筋用变形钢筋编织网? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Fabricated Deformed Steel Bar Mats for Concrete ReinforcementASTM A185-02 ? ? ? ? 钢筋混凝土用焊接钢丝结构? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for ConcreteASTM A192/A192M-02 ? ? ? ? 高压用无缝碳素钢锅炉管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure ServiceASTM A193/A193M-04b ? ? ? ? 高温设备用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A194/A194M-04a ? ? ? ? 高温和高压设备用碳素钢与合金钢螺栓和螺母的规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or BothASTM A197/A197M-00 ? ? ? ? 化铁炉用可锻铸铁? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Cupola Malleable IronASTM A202/A202M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用铬锰硅合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Manganese-SiliconASTM A203/A203M-97(2003) ? ? ? ? 压力容器用镍合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, NickelASTM A204/A204M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用钼合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, MolybdenumASTM A209/A209M-03 ? ? ? ? 锅炉和过热器用无缝碳钼合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A210/A210M-02 ? ? ? ? 锅炉和过热器用无缝中碳素管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A213/A213M-04 ? ? ? ? 无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢锅炉、过热器和换热器管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, andHeat-Exchanger TubesASTM A214/A214M-96(2001) ? ? ? ? 热交换器与冷凝器用电阻焊接碳素钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ASTM A216/A216M-93(2003) ? ? ? ? 高温下使用的适合于熔焊的碳素钢铸件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High- Temperature ServiceASTM A217/A217M-02 ? ? ? ? 适合高温受压零件用合金钢和马氏体不锈钢铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A220/A220M-99 ? ? ? ? 珠光体可锻铁? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pearlitic Malleable IronASTM A225/A225M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用锰矾镍合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-NickelASTM A227/A227M-99 ? ? ? ? 机械弹簧用冷拉钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn for Mechanical SpringsASTM A228/A228M-02 ? ? ? ? 乐器用优质弹簧钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Music Spring QualityASTM A229/A229M-99 ? ? ? ? 机械弹簧用油回火的钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical SpringsASTM A230/A230M-99 ? ? ? ? 阀门用油回火优质碳素钢弹簧丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring QualityASTM A231/A231M-96(2002) ? ? ? ? 铬钒合金钢弹簧丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring WireASTM A232/A232M-99 ? ? ? ? 阀门用优质铬钒合金钢弹簧丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality WireASTM A234/A234M-04 ? ? ? ? 中温与高温下使用的锻制碳素钢及合金钢管配件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature ServiceASTM A239-95(2004) ? ? ? ? 用普力斯试验法(硫酸铜浸蚀)确定铁或钢制品上镀锌层最薄点的测试方法? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Locating the Thinnest Spot in a Zinc (Galvanized) Coating on Iron or Steel ArticlesASTM A240/A240M-04ae1 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用耐热铬及铬镍不锈钢板、薄板及带材? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General ApplicationsASTM A242/A242M-04 ? ? ? ? 高强度低合金结构钢? ? ? ? Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelASTM A247-67(1998) ? ? ? ? 铁铸件中石墨显微结构评定试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of Graphite in Iron CastingsASTM A249/A249M-04 ? ? ? ? 锅炉、过热器、换热器和冷凝器用焊接奥氏体钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser TubesASTM A250/A250M-04 ? ? ? ? 锅炉和过热器用电阻焊铁素体合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A252-98(2002) ? ? ? ? 焊接钢和无缝钢管桩? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe PilesASTM A254-97(2002) ? ? ? ? 铜焊钢管规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Copper-Brazed Steel TubingASTM A255-02 ? ? ? ? 测定钢淬透性用末端淬火试验的标准试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Determining Hardenability of SteelASTM A262-03 ? ? ? ? 奥氏体不锈钢晶间浸蚀敏感性的检测? ? ? ? Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsASTM A263-03 ? ? ? ? 耐腐蚀铬钢包覆板材,薄板材及带材技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad PlateASTM A264-03 ? ? ? ? 包覆的不锈铬镍钢板,薄板及带材规格? ? ? ? Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad PlateASTM A265-03 ? ? ? ? 镍和镍基合金包覆钢板规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel PlateASTM A266/A266M-03a ? ? ? ? 压力容器部件用碳素钢锻件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel ComponentsASTM A268/A268M-04 ? ? ? ? 一般设备用无缝和焊接铁素体与马氏体不锈钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceASTM A269-04 ? ? ? ? 一般设备用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceASTM A270-03a ? ? ? ? 卫生设施用无缝钢和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary TubingASTM A275/A275M-98(2003) ? ? ? ? 钢锻件的磁粉检查试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel ForgingsASTM A276-04 ? ? ? ? 不锈钢棒材和型材? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesASTM A278/A278M-01 ? ? ? ? 适用于650F容压部件用灰铸铁件的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650°F (350°C) ASTM A283/A283M-03 ? ? ? ? 低和中等抗拉强度碳素钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel PlatesASTM A285/A285M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用低和中等抗拉强度的碳素钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile StrengthASTM A288-91(2003) ? ? ? ? 涡轮发电机磁性定位环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators标准号? ? ? ? 标准中文名称? ? ? ? 标准英文名称ASTM A289/A289M-97(2003) ? ? ? ? 发电机非磁性定位环用合金钢锻件的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for GeneratorsASTM A290-02 ? ? ? ? 减速器环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction GearsASTM A291-03 ? ? ? ? 减速器小齿轮、齿轮和心轴用碳素钢和合金钢锻件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears and Shafts for Reduction Gears ASTM A295-98 ? ? ? ? 高碳耐磨轴承钢技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing SteelASTM A297/A297M-97(2003) ? ? ? ? 一般用耐热铬铁与镍铬铁合金钢铸件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General ApplicationASTM A299/A299M-04 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用锰硅碳钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-SiliconASTM A302/A302M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel ASTM A304-04 ? ? ? ? 有末端淬火淬透性要求的合金钢棒材的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsASTM A307-04 ? ? ? ? 抗拉强度为60000psi的碳素钢螺栓和螺柱的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile StrengthASTM A308/A308M-03 ? ? ? ? 经热浸处理镀有铅锡合金的薄板材的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Terne (Lead-Tin Alloy) Coated by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM A309-01 ? ? ? ? 用三点试验法测定长镀锌薄钢板镀层的重量成分的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Weight and Composition of Coating on Terne Sheet by the Triple-Spot TestASTM A311/A311M-04 ? ? ? ? 有机械性能要求的消除应力的冷拉碳素钢棒? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical Property Requirements ASTM A312/A312M-04a ? ? ? ? 无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesASTM A313/A313M-03 ? ? ? ? 不锈钢弹簧丝技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Spring WireASTM A314-97(2002) ? ? ? ? 锻造用不锈及耐热钢坯及钢棒规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for ForgingASTM A319-71(2001) ? ? ? ? 高温无压部件用灰铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing PartsASTM A320/A320M-04 ? ? ? ? 低温用合金钢螺栓材料规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A321-90(2001) ? ? ? ? 经淬火和回火的碳素钢棒? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Quenched and TemperedASTM A322-91(2001)e1 ? ? ? ? 合金钢棒材.级别? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard GradesASTM A323-93(2000) ? ? ? ? 硼铁规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerroboronASTM A324-73(2000) ? ? ? ? 钛铁合金? ? ? ? Standard Specification for FerrotitaniumASTM A325-04a ? ? ? ? 经热处理最小抗拉强度为120/105ksi的热处理钢结构螺栓? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength ASTM A325M-04a ? ? ? ? 经热处理最小抗拉强度为830Mpa的热处理钢结构螺栓? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 Mpa Minimum Tensile Strength [Metric] ASTM A327-91(1997) ? ? ? ? 铸铁冲击试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast IronsASTM A327M-91(1997) ? ? ? ? 铸铁冲击试验方法(米制)? ? ? ? Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast Irons (Metric)ASTM A328/A328M-03 ? ? ? ? 薄钢板桩? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Sheet Piling ASTM A333/A333M-04a ? ? ? ? 低温用无缝与焊接钢管规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A334/A334M-04a ? ? ? ? 低温设备用无缝与焊接碳素和合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A335/A335M-03 ? ? ? ? 高温用无缝铁素体合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A336/A336M-03a ? ? ? ? 压力与高温部件用合金钢锻件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature PartsASTM A338-84(2004) ? ? ? ? 铁路,船舶和其他重型装备在温度达到650华氏度(345摄氏度)时使用的可锻铸铁法兰,管件和阀门零件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Malleable Iron Flanges, Pipe Fittings, and Valve Parts for Railroad, Marine, and Other Heavy Duty Service at Temperatures Up to 650°F (345°C)ASTM A340-03a ? ? ? ? 有关磁性试验用符号和定义的术语? ? ? ? Standard Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic TestingASTM A341/A341M-00 ? ? ? ? 用直流磁导计和冲击试验法测定材料的直流磁性能的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the Ballistic Test MethodsASTM A342/A342M-99 ? ? ? ? 磁铁材料导磁率的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic MaterialsASTM A343/A343M-03 ? ? ? ? 在电力频率下用瓦特计-安培计-伏特计法(100-1000赫兹)和25 厘米艾普斯亭(EPSTEIN) 机架测定材料的交流电磁性能的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method forAlternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies UsingWattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Test FrameASTM A345-98 ? ? ? ? 磁设备用平轧电炉钢? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic ApplicationsASTM A348/A348M-00 ? ? ? ? 用瓦特计--安培计--伏特计法(100-10000赫兹)和25厘米艾普斯亭框测定材料的交流磁性能的试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Alternating Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10 000 Hz and 25-cm Epstein FrameASTM A350/A350M-04 ? ? ? ? 要求进行缺口韧性试验的管道部件用碳素钢与低合金钢锻件技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping ComponentsASTM A351/A351M-03 ? ? ? ? 容压零件用奥氏体及奥氏体铁素体铸铁的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A352/A352M-03 ? ? ? ? 低温受压零件用铁素体和马氏体钢铸件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A353/A353M-93(1999) ? ? ? ? 压力容器用经二次正火及回火处理的含9％镍的合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9 Percent Nickel,Double-Normalized and TemperedASTM A354-04 ? ? ? ? 淬火与回火合金钢螺栓,双头螺栓及其他外螺纹紧固件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded FastenersASTM A355-89(2000) ? ? ? ? 渗氮用合金钢棒? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloys, for NitridingASTM A356/A356M-98(2003) ? ? ? ? 蒸汽轮机用厚壁碳素钢、低合金钢和不锈钢铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam TurbinesASTM A358/A358M-04 ? ? ? ? 高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsASTM A363-03 ? ? ? ? 地面架空线用镀锌钢丝绳? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Overhead Ground Wire StrandASTM A367-60(1999) ? ? ? ? 铸铁的激冷试验方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Methods of Chill Testing of Cast IronASTM A368-95a(2000) ? ? ? ? 不锈钢和耐热钢丝绳的标准? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire StrandASTM A369/A369M-02 ? ? ? ? 高温用锻制和镗孔碳素钢管和铁素体合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A370-03a ? ? ? ? 钢制品机械测试的标准试验方法和定义? ? ? ? Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products标准号? ? ? ? 标准中文名称? ? ? ? 标准英文名称ASTM A372/A372M-03 ? ? ? ? 薄壁压力容器用碳素钢及合金钢锻件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure VesselsASTM A376/A376M-02a ? ? ? ? 高温中心站用无缝奥氏钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station ServiceASTM A377-03 ? ? ? ? 球墨铸铁压力管规范索引? ? ? ? Standard Index of Specifications for Ductile-Iron Pressure PipeASTM A380-99e1 ? ? ? ? 不锈钢零件、设备和系统的清洗和除垢? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsASTM A381-96(2001) ? ? ? ? 高压输送用金属弧焊钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification forMetal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission SystemsASTM A384/A384M-02 ? ? ? ? 防止钢组件热浸镀锌时翘曲和扭曲用安全保护? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Warpage and Distortion During Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel Assemblies ASTM A385-03 ? ? ? ? 提供高质量镀锌覆层(热浸)? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings (Hot-Dip)ASTM A387/A387M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用铬钼合金钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-MolybdenumASTM A388/A388M-03 ? ? ? ? 重型钢锻件超声波检测? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel ForgingsASTM A389/A389M-03 ? ? ? ? 适合高温受压部件用经特殊热处理的合金钢铸件规格? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A390-95(2001) ? ? ? ? 饲养家禽用镀锌钢丝栏栅网(六角形和直线形)? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Poultry Fence Fabric (Hexagonal and Straight Line)ASTM A391/A391M-01 ? ? ? ? 80号合金钢链条? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel ChainASTM A392-03 ? ? ? ? 镀锌钢丝链环栏栅网? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricASTM A394-04 ? ? ? ? 传动塔架用镀锌和裸露钢螺栓? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and BareASTM A395/A395M-99e1 ? ? ? ? 高温用铁素体球墨铸铁受压铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated TemperaturesASTM A400-69(2000) ? ? ? ? 钢棒的成分及机械性能选择指南? ? ? ? Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical PropertiesASTM A401/A401M-03 ? ? ? ? 铬硅合金钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon AlloyASTM A403/A403M-04 ? ? ? ? 锻制奥氏体不锈钢管配件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping FittingsASTM A407-93(2004) ? ? ? ? 盘簧用冷拉钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type SpringsASTM A409/A409M-01 ? ? ? ? 腐蚀场所或高温下使用的焊接大口径奥氏体钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature ServiceASTM A411-03 ? ? ? ? 镀锌低碳钢铠装线? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Low-Carbon Steel Armor WireASTM A413/A413M-01 ? ? ? ? 碳素钢链? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Chain ASTM A414/A414M-04 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用碳素薄钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure VesselsASTM A416/A416M-02 ? ? ? ? 预应力混凝土用无涂层七股钢铰线? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed ConcreteASTM A417-93(2004) ? ? ? ? 之字形、方形、正弦形家具用弹簧元件用冷拔钢丝? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Zig-Zag, Square-Formed, and Sinuous-Type Upholstery Spring UnitsASTM A418-99(2003) ? ? ? ? 涡轮机及发电机钢转子锻件的超声波检查方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Examination of Turbine and Generator Steel Rotor ForgingsASTM A420/A420M-04 ? ? ? ? 低温下用锻制碳素钢和合金钢管配件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A421/A421M-02 ? ? ? ? 预应力混凝土用无涂层消除应力钢丝的技术规范? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Uncoated Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for Prestressed ConcreteASTM A423/A423M-95(2000) ? ? ? ? 无缝和电焊低合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel TubesASTM A424-00 ? ? ? ? 搪瓷用钢薄板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, for Porcelain EnamelingASTM A426/A426M-02 ? ? ? ? 高温用离心铸造的铁素体合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A427-02 ? ? ? ? 冷轧和热轧用锻制合金钢辊? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot ReductionASTM A428/A428M-01 ? ? ? ? 钢铁制品上铝覆层重量的测试方法? ? ? ? Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Aluminum-Coated Iron or Steel ArticlesASTM A434-04 ? ? ? ? 热轧与冷精轧经回火及淬火的合金钢棒? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Quenched and TemperedASTM A435/A435M-90(2001) ? ? ? ? 钢板的直射束纵向超声波检验? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel PlatesASTM A436-84(2001) ? ? ? ? 奥氏体灰口铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsASTM A437/A437M-01a ? ? ? ? 高温用经特殊处理的涡轮型合金钢螺栓材料? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A439-83(1999) ? ? ? ? 奥氏体可锻铸铁铸件? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron CastingsASTM A447/A447M-93(2003) ? ? ? ? 高温用镍铬铁合金钢铸件(25-12级)? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service ASTM A449-04a ? ? ? ? 经淬火和回火的钢螺栓和螺柱? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and StudsASTM A450/A450M-04 ? ? ? ? 碳素钢管、铁素体合金钢管及奥氏体合金钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel TubesASTM A451/A451M-02 ? ? ? ? 高温用离心铸造的奥氏体钢管? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A453/A453M-03 ? ? ? ? 具有同奥氏体钢相类似的膨胀系数、屈服强度为50-120Ksi(345-827MPa)的耐高温螺栓材料? ? ? ? Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless SteelsASTM A455/A455M-03 ? ? ? ? 压力容器用高强度碳锰钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-Strength ManganeseASTM A456/A456M-99(2003) ? ? ? ? 大型曲轴锻件的磁粉检查? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Magnetic Particle Examination of Large Crankshaft ForgingsASTM A459-97(2003) ? ? ? ? 镀锌平轧扁钢铠装带? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Flat Steel Armoring TapeASTM A460-94(2004)e1 ? ? ? ? 包铜钢丝绳标准? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Copper-Clad Steel Wire StrandASTM A463/A463M-02a ? ? ? ? 热浸镀铝薄钢板? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM A466/A466M-01 ? ? ? ? 非焊接碳素钢链? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Weldless Chain ASTM A467/A467M-01 ? ? ? ? 机器链和盘旋链? ? ? ? Standard Specification for Machine and Coil Chain标准号? ? ? ? 标准中文名称? ? ? ? 标准英文名称。

材料科学专业英语词汇(P材料科学专业英语词汇(P-Q)材料科学专业英语词汇(P-Q)p-styrenesulfonamide p- 乙烯氨磺醯p-styrenesulfonic acid p-苯乙烯磺酸p-toluenesulfonamide 对-甲苯磺醯胺p-trimethoxysilylstyrene 对三甲氧甲矽烷基苯乙烯p-type semiconductor ｐ型半导体p-vinylbenzamide 对乙烯基苯醯胺p-vinyltoluene 对乙烯基苯p-xylyenediamine polyamides 对双二胺甲基聚醯胺p-xylylene 对苯二甲p/n type measurement system p/n型测试器package 包封体，封装体package test 封装测试，封装体测试packing density 填集密度pad 衬垫page test function 播叫测试功能pale glass 灰绿玻璃pallet 托板pan mill 盘磨panel brick 挡砖panel spalling test 屏列剥落试验parallel beam 平行波束parallel downflow rinse 并行下流冲洗parallel plate reactive ionetching system 平行板反应性离子蚀刻系统parallel seam resistance welding equipment 并列缝合电阻缝焊装置parallel test function 并行测试功能，同时测定机能parameter extraction 参数萃取parian 巴黎安瓷paris white 巴黎白parison 型坯partial site 部分区分地段particle size 粒度particle-size analysis 粒度分析parting line 分模线partition tile 隔砖pass transistor design 传递电晶体设计paste 糊paste bonding 糊胶接合pat test 泥饼试验patching 修补pattern generator 图案产生器pattern matching method 图案选配法pattern matching mode 图案匹配模式pattern matching ratio 图案匹配比pattern recognition 图案识别pattern recognition capture range 图案识别捕捉范围pattern recognition of object outline 物体外形图案识别pattern recognition speed 图案识别速度pattern shift 图案偏移paving brick 铺地砖peach bloom 桃红peacock blue 孔雀蓝pearl ash 珍珠灰pebble 卵石pebble heater 卵石加热器pebble mill 卵石磨pedestal 保温台座peel off/bond lift off 剥离/压接脱离peeling 脱皮pegmatite 伟晶花岗岩pei-tun-tze 白爪(音敦)子pelletizer 制粒机pencil edging 圆边法peptize 解胶per-pin resource tester 每一脚资源测试器per-pin tester 每一脚端测试器percent usable area 可用区域百分比perforated brick 多孔砖；散气砖perform 预制(玻)performance board 工作特性基板performer 预先成形机periclase 方镁石periodic kiln 间歇窑peripheral component interconnect 周边组件互相连接规格peripheral processor 周边处理器peripheral speed 周边速率perlite 珠岩permanent linear change 永久线胀缩perovskite 钙钛矿perthite 条纹长石petalite 叶长石petersen air elutriator 倍德逊气析器ph adjustment equipment ph 值调整装置phase clock 相位时钟脉冲phosphorescence 磷光photo assisted cvd system 光辅助型cvd 系统photo assisted vapor phase epitaxial growth system 光辅助汽相磊晶生长系统photo excited ashing system 光激励灰化系统photo excited etching system 光激励蚀刻系统photo-capacitance method 光电容法photo-chemical cleaning equipment 光化学洗涤设备photo-conduction method 光电导法photo-elastic stress-strain analysis method 光弹性应力-应变分析法photo-luminescence method 光激发光法photocurrent method 光电流法photoelectric pyrometer 光电高温计photoelectric sensing method 光电感测法photolithography 光蚀刻微影photometric pyrometer 光度高温计photosensitive glass 感光玻璃physical conversion 物理变换physical design exchange format 实体设计交换格式physical metallurgy 物理治金学physical property parameter of material 材料物理性能参数piano wire screen 琴钢线筛pickle basket 浸酸篮picotite 铬尖晶石picture-to-picture operation 影像间演算pid temperature controlpid 温度控制pigment 颜料pigskin 猪皮状(陶)pillar 柱pilot pin 引导插栓pin chuck 支杆夹头pin electronics 脚端介面电路pin mark 针迹pin-hole 针孔pin-multiplex function 脚端选通功能pinch cutting 夹断部切断pinite 块云母pipe blister 吹管泡(玻)pipette method 吸管(测定粒度)法piranha cleaning (吃人鱼)白骨化洗涤pit 坑pitchers 素烧碎片pixel-to pixel operation 像素间演算placer 装窑工placing sand 垫砂plagioclase 斜长石planar magnetron sputtering system 平面磁控管溅镀系统planarization 平坦化plane defect 面缺陷plasma assisted controlled thinning method 等离子辅助控制薄膜化加工法plasma cleaning 等离子体清除，电桨清除plasma cleaning equipment 等离子体洗条设备plasma contamination 等离子体污染plasma damage 等离子体损伤plasma doping system 等离子体掺杂系统plasma enhanced cvd system 等离子体增强cvd 系统plasma etching system 等离子体蚀刻系统plasma flood gun 淹没式等离子体枪plasma oxidation furnace 等离子体氧化系统plasma spraying 电浆喷敷法plasma teos cvd method 等离子体teos cvd 法plasma trap 等离子体陷阱plaster of paris 熟石膏plastic making 塑性成形plastic pressing 塑性压制plastic refractory 可塑耐火物plasticity 塑性plastometer 塑性测定计plate glass[ 磨光]板玻璃platen 压板platform 操作台plucking 剥痕plug 塞plumbago 碳陶料plunge up 将晶片往上顶超plunger 柱塞ply glass 层合玻璃pneumatolysis 气化pod 密闭荚式容器pogo contact 弹簧针头接点pogo pin pogo 针头point defect 点缺陷poling 木杆净化法(玻) polished wafer 经抛光晶圆polishing 磨光polishing cloth/polishing pad 抛光布/抛光垫polychrome decoration 多色彩polycrystal 多结晶polyimide coating 聚醯亚胺涂敷porcelain 瓷；瓷器porcelain enamel 搪瓷；珐琅porcelain tile 瓷砖pore water 孔隙水pore-size distribution 孔度分布porosimeter 孔隙计port 口；喷火口portland blast furnace slag cement 炉渣[卜特兰]水泥post acceleration system 後段加速系统post cut 接线柱剪断post exposure pre development bake 曝光後显影前之烘烤处理post-bake/after-bake 事後烘烤处理post-treatment chamber 後端处理室pot[ 熔]罐pot arch 烘罐窑pot clay 制罐黏土pot furnace 罐炉potential measurement 电位测量potette 醮料器potter wheel 陶轮pottery 陶瓷器；陶瓷potting equipment 灌注装置pounding mill 撞曰powder 微粒powder metallurgy antifriction material 粉末冶金减摩材料powder metallurgy friction material 粉末冶金摩擦材料powder metallurgy high speed steel 粉末冶金高速钢powder metallurgy porous material 粉末冶金多孔材料powder metallurgy structural parts 粉末冶金结构零件power consumption analysis 消耗功率分析power synthesis 功率合成pozolana 卜作岚pre heater 预热器pre heating 预先加热pre-alignment 预先调准pre-bake 预先烘烤处理pre-cleaning chamber 预先清除室pre-coat filter 预敷过滤器pre-dispense 预先配药pre-heater 预先加热器pre-purge 预先纯化pre-sputtering 预先溅镀处理pre-wafer test 晶圆前置测试pre-wet 预先沾湿preacceleration system 前置加速系统prealignment 预先对准preamplifier 前级放大器precipitation of oxygen 氧气析出prefabricated masnry 预组圬工press bolt 加压螺丝press ring 加压环press-and-blow process 压吹法pressed glass 压制玻璃pressing 压制pressure casting 压铸pressure cooker 压力锅pressure filter 压力过滤器pressure shock 压力冲击pressure sintering 加压烧结pretreatment equipment with membrane filter 薄膜过滤器前置处理装置pretretment equipment 前置处理装置primary air 主空气；一次空气primary boiling 初沸primary clay 原生黏土primary crusher 初碎机primary pure water system 一次纯水系统prime dispense 原始配药printing press 直接印刷机prismatic glass 棱镜玻璃probe card 探针卡probe needle 探测针probe-make inspection function 探针接触痕检查功能process chamber 处理室process cup 制程杯状容器process induced particle counter 制程感应粒子计数器process integration 加工整合，整合处理process simulation 制程模拟process simulatoin 制程模拟process simulator 制程模拟器process tube 加工处理管，管状反应器producer gas 发生炉气programmable focus control 可程式焦点控制programmable load 可程式负载programmable logic device（pld）可程式逻辑装置projection aligner 投影对准曝光器projection optical system 投影光学系统protrusion dam bar 堵住杆突起部分，纬之突出部分proximate analysis 近似分析proximity bake 邻近烘烤处理proximity effect 邻近效应pruple of cassius 紫金pseudo-wire length 假想布线长度psychrometric chart 湿度图psychrometry 温差定湿法puddle developing 浸置式显影pug 捏合pull 拉制量(玻璃)pull cut 拉断pull shaft 上拉轴pull strength 拉引强度pull test 拉引试验pull tester 拉引测试机pull up drying equipment 上拉乾燥设备pull wire 卷扬线pulling method 拉晶法pulse heated thernode/pulse heat tool 脉冲电流加热压接工具pulse laser annealer 脉冲雷射退火处理机pulse laser exposure method 脉冲雷射曝光法pulverized fuel ash 粉媒灰punch tes 冲击试验(釉)punty 铁杆pure water 纯水purpling 变紫pycometer 比重瓶pyrite 黄铁矿pyroceram 焦窑(商名)pyrolusite 软锰矿pyrolysis 高温分解；热解pyrolytic coating 热解涂层pyrometer 高温计pyrometric cone 示温锥p.c.e. pyrophyllite 叶蜡石pyroplastic deformation 高温塑性变形pyroscope 示温具quad flat package 四侧面脚端表面安装型封装体quarry 采石场quarter micron design0.25 微米设计quartz 石英quartz glass 石英玻璃quartz sand 石英砂quartz tube cleaning equipment 石英管洗涤设备quartzite 石英石quasiceramic 似陶瓷quenching 骤冷quick dump rinse 快速倾卸冲洗quick setting 快凝quicklime 生石灰quiescent 静沈(泥)quiescent power supply current test 静止电源电流测试材料科学专业英语词汇(P-Q) 相关内容:。

阀门材质术语英汉对照作者：夏雨已被分享1次评论(0)复制链接分享转载举报Atbas metal 镍铬钢Buna-N rubber 丁晴橡胶Casting aluminium brass 铸铝黄铜Casting aluminium bronze 铸铝青铜Ceramic metal 陶瓷金属Chromel alloy 镍铬合金CHR rubber 氯晴橡胶Chrominm-molybdenum-vanadium steel 铬钼钒钢Chromium stainless steel 铬不锈钢Chromium-molybdenum steel 铬钼钢Corrugation pad 波形垫Cuprum alloy 铜合金Ductile Cast iron 球墨铸铁Expanded graphite 柔性石墨Fine Steel Casting iron 优质碳素钢Fluorous rubber 氟橡胶Gray Cast iron 灰铸铁Hayne's alloy 钴铬钨合金High tem perature steel 高温钢Monel 蒙乃尔合金Low temperature steel 低温钢Nylon 尼龙塑料Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTEF) 聚四氟乙烯Polythene 聚乙烯Pure aluminium 纯铝Pure cupper 纯铜Rubber graphite board 橡胶石墨板Spring steel 弹簧钢Stainless acid-resisting steel 不锈耐酸钢Stainless and Graphite 不锈钢/石墨Stainless steel 不锈钢Steel Casting iron 碳素钢铸件Shell Test Pressure 壳体试验压力Service Fluid 工作介质。

6063铝合金应用英文回答：6063 aluminum alloy is a widely used aluminum alloy, especially in the building and construction industry. It is known for its good strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability. 6063 aluminum alloy is also relatively lightweight and easy to machine, making it a versatile material for a variety of applications.Some of the most common applications of 6063 aluminum alloy include:Building and construction: 6063 aluminum alloy is often used in building and construction applications, such as window frames, door frames, curtain walls, and roofing. It is also used in structural applications, such as beams, columns, and trusses.Automotive: 6063 aluminum alloy is used in a varietyof automotive applications, such as body panels, hoods, and trunks. It is also used in some engine components, such as pistons and cylinder heads.Marine: 6063 aluminum alloy is used in a variety of marine applications, such as boat hulls, decks, and superstructures. It is also used in some marine hardware, such as cleats and fittings.Aerospace: 6063 aluminum alloy is used in a variety of aerospace applications, such as aircraft wings, fuselages, and landing gear. It is also used in some spacecraft components, such as antennas and solar panels.6063 aluminum alloy is a versatile material with a wide range of applications. It is strong, corrosion-resistant, weldable, and relatively lightweight. These properties make it an ideal material for use in a variety of industries, including building and construction, automotive, marine, and aerospace.中文回答：6063铝合金是一种广泛使用的铝合金，特别是在建筑和建造行业。

铝型材相关词汇中英文对照表来源：全球铝业网本文由全球铝业网() 编辑，转载请注明出处，十分感谢！摘要：铝型材相关繁体及英文知识Extrusion Equipment 挤压设备Log Breakdown Table & Log Conveyor 铝条（棒）切割台及输送带Log furnace 铝条（棒）加热炉Log shear 圆棒剪Billet Transveyor and Press Loader 铝棒运输机及挤压机托料架机械手Extrusion press 挤压机Cutaway View of the Extrusion Press 挤压机横切图Die Assembly 挤压模具Three Main Die Types 三种主要模具类型Runout table and Pullers 输出台及牵引机Quench Equipment 淬火设备Transfer Belts 送台Cooling belts 冷却（台）Stretcher 拉伸机（延伸机）Staging and Saw Equipment 锯切工作台和切割锯Supervisory Control System (SCS) 控制系Aging ovens 时效炉铝条（棒）切割台及输送带Log Breakdown Table and Log Conveyor在应用铝棒加热炉前，铝条需经过以下设备的处理铝条（棒）切割台及输送带大铝圆条被放置在铝条（棒）切割台上，然後依次由输送带传送到铝条加热炉加热。

在进行挤压之前，铝棒需要加热到一定的温度，以软化铝材料，并使合金元素达到熔线温度。

在熔线温度上，合金元素，通常是镁和硅（矽），开始熔化。

铝棒加热炉铝条（棒）加热炉Log Furnace铝条加热炉把铝条加热到熔线温度使其合金元素熔化在铝料内。

许多厂商直接从料商买进铝棒，所以它们以较小型的铝棒加热炉代替铝条加热炉。

圆棒剪Log Shear圆棒剪把铝条切割成适合的长度，以降低废料的产生，并提高成品率。