2 新四级精读阅读

英语四级阅读精读技巧
英语四级阅读精读技巧
一、抓住重点，综合分析
做阅读题时，首先需要根据题干中的关键字在文中找到对应的关键段落，有些同学能很幸运地做到这一点，然后就开始非常虔诚地、逐字逐句地阅读整个段落。

但是读完之后，依旧是丈二和尚摸不着头脑：天哪，这段内容在讲些什么呀?之所以会有这样的疑问，多半是因为没有准确地对内容进行结构分析，也没有理清其中的逻辑关系。

阅读文章时，需要带着有色眼镜区别对待不同的'内容，千万不要一视同仁。

例如，对于客观描述只需略读，有点印象即可;而对于表达作者意图的句子，则要仔细阅读。

接下来就让教研君告诉大家如何厚此薄彼吧。

A. 区分主要信息与次要信息
主要信息也就是段落的中心思想，常以主题句的形式出现，一般位于段落之首，也可位于段落之末。

次要信息是指说明中心思想的细节，紧跟在主题句之后或段落结论句之前。

阅读时，应首先找出主题句。

只有抓住了主题句，才能正确理解整段的含义。

例如：。

新四级仔细阅读15选10题型题型简介老四级阅读理解中未曾出现过15选10题型。

部分备考的四级学员“谈新色变”。

本题型出现在仔细阅读部分（共25分钟），在两篇传统阅读文章之前（每篇文章解题时间约为9分钟）。

所以本题型共10道小题最佳完成时间应控制在7分钟。

阅读理解，真的要我们既要“阅读”又要“理解”吗？其实是不需要的。

笔者根据多年的教学经验，为大家解密四级新题型。

考点解密一．核心要求：识辨词性。

这是以前考试当中很少涉及的部分。

考试要求在7分钟左右时间内将题目给出的15个词汇填入10个空格中。

考核的主要目的是检查考生的单词词性识别能力。

二．四词用法：名词；动词；形容词；副词。

纵观样题和真题，我们知道15个词汇都属于最重要的四类实词。

我们要学会每种词汇的基本搭配和基本用法。

三．寻求突破：副词突破。

考试题目中选项最少，特征也最为明显。

四．一一对应：“一个罗卜一个坑”。

也就是说，答案是只能使用一次的。

所以还要稍微注意前后的语意的通顺和连贯。

解题步骤鉴于以上分析，笔者给出题型步骤如下：一．标注词性，预先分组：把题目中给出的15个备选答案词汇进行词性分组。

二．浏览全文，预测答案：快速扫描文章，预测缺省信息的词性，对个别题目作出预测。

三．同性比较，选择唯一：对相同词性词汇与原文意思进行比照，选择唯一的答案。

利用上下文线索，词的褒贬色彩，平行结构，单复数，时态等解题。

四．带入选项，通读检查：带入已选答案，重新通读文章以核对其是否逻辑语意正确。

附一：新四级考试样题解析Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks .You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage .Read the passage through carefully before making your choices .Each choice in bank is identified by a letter .Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecenter .You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English. Education soon became a 47 . “I couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He 48 from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropping out.Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his 49 Spanish.“She helped me stay smart while teaching me English,”he said.Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he 50 confidence and began to succeed in school.Today, he is a 51 doctor, runs his own clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he 52 through bilingual education to treat his patients.Roberto’s story is just one of53 success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most 54 way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students 55 outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college 56 rates of more than 90%. In E1 Paso, bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

UNIT 13 Fighting Fire with Fire ( Translated by class 1)这个春天，吉姆·布伦纳将会率领几百个男男女女一路燃烧超过两百万英亩的佛罗里达的松树林。

看到这些树吗？嘶！他们烤焦了。

看到那些香蒲芦苇丛吗？正在咝咝地响！他们是历史遗留下来的。

那些腐臭的圆木呢？噼啪响！不见了。

布罗纳是一个纵火狂吗？实际上，他恰巧相反：他作为佛罗里达的消防管理员，布伦纳一直在跟火灾战斗。

可是为何佛罗里达的顶级消防队员会焚烧丛林呢？布伦纳是相信以火攻火的的人数愈来愈多的土地管理者之一。

通过开始他们自己小心的控制大火——一个叫做叫做规定火烧的练习，他们希望结束像上个夏天损坏了五十万英亩的佛罗里达丛林的丛林大火灾。

布伦纳还记得说：“那是一个人世地狱。

假设我们有做更多的规定火烧，咱们将可以大幅度的降低那次丛林火灾的损害。

°”佛罗里达不是唯一一个在最近几年因为大火儿上了头条的地方。

墨西哥，巴西和印度尼西亚都曾经蒙受过他们自己的灾难性的火灾。

咱们是不是处在易燃的新时期的边缘？科学家警告说全世界变暖（温室气体例如二氧化碳引发的行星加热）到2070 年可能提升地球温度5°F。

按照世界气象局的记录，在1998 年地球表面的平均温度是最高的。

一个正在逐渐变暖的行星意味着愈来愈低的干旱，将致使植被死亡和更有可能的愈来愈热。

美国丛林官员是如何对付这个紧迫的要挟的？规定火烧曾经取得火生态学家（研究火生态的科学家）的普遍认可。

他们也相信在凉爽的潮湿的天启让光亮的火燃烧可以减少失控的火的风险。

而且消防技术在1970 年代第一次实验是基于频繁的小火减少毁灭性的事件的风险的理论，就像上个夏天，当维持着生态系统良好的情况下的佛罗里达的丛林火灾。

在1988 年黄石国家公园那场由闪电引发并由林业员们同意使其燃烧的大火的肆虐以后，公众情绪反对“任其燃烧”和指定式的燃烧行为。

此刻，能够助燃无可控制的火苗的不断增加的丛林残骸从头激发了人们在这些消防管理策略上的兴趣。

2020年大学英语四级阅读题文章精读(2) Passage TwoEurope's Gypsies, Are They a Nation?The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent's Gypsies （or Roman） to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place—at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union's present and future countries. Some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as 15m.Unlike Jews, Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi,their territorial origins are misty. Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. Other Europeans （wrongly）thought them migrant Egyptians, hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the 7th century.However, since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground. The International Romany Union, which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in morethan 30 countries, is fostering the idea of “self-rallying”. It is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a Gypsy flag （green with a wheel） whenit lobbies in such places as the United Bations; and in Julyit held a congress in Prague, The Czech capital. WherePresident Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer, Emil Scuka, was elected president of the International Tomany Union. Laterthis month a group of elected Gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors from all over Europe （OSCE）, to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies, butthat is not saying a lot. Of the several hundred delegateswho gathered at its congress, few were democratically elected; oddly, none came from Hungary, whose Gypsies are perhaps the world's best organized, with some 450 Gypsy bodies advising local councils there. The union did, however, announce its ambition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. The might, it is feared, open a Pandora's box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particularly Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for EU membership. “The EU's whole premise is to overcome di fferences, not to highlight them,” says a nervous Eurocrat.But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe's largest continent wideminority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. In Romania, the country that still has the largest number of them （more than 1m）, in the 19th century theywere actually enslaved. Hitler tried to wipe them out, along with the Jews.“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,” says Jan Marinus Wiersma, a Dutchman in the EuropeanParliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominentGypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament. That, they argue,might give them a boost. There are moves afoot to help themto get money for, among other things, a Gypsy university.One big snag is that Europe's Gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. They belong to many different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common languageor religion, Their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. Still, says, Dimitrina Petrova, headof the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest, Gypsies'shared experience of suffering entitles them to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from “being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. InSlovakia and Bulgaria, for instance, Gypsy political partiesare trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament. In Macedonia, a Gypsy party already has some—and even runs a municipality. Nicholas Gheorge, an expert onGypsy affairs at the OSCE, reckons that, spread over CentralEurope, there are now about 20 Gypsy MPS and mayors, 400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals.That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation. But, with the Gypsy question on the EU's agenda in Central Europe, they are making ground.1. The Best Title of this passage is[A]. Gypsies Want to Form a Nation. [B]. Are They a Nation.[C]. EU Is Afraid of Their Growth. [C]. They Are a Tribe2. Where are the most probable Gypsy territory origins?[A]. Most probably they drifted west from India in the7th century.[B]. They are scattered everywhere in the world.[C]. Probably, they stemmed from Central Europe.[D]. They probably came from the International Romany Union.3. What does the International Romany lobby for?[A]. It lobbies for a demand to be accepted by such international organizations as EU and UN.[B]. It lobbies for a post in any international Romany Union.[C]. It lobbies for the right as a nation.[D]. It lobbies for a place in such international organizations as the EU or UN.4. Why is the Europe Commission wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation?[A]. It may open a Pandora's Box.[B]. Encouragement may lead to some unexpected results.[C]. It fears that the Basgnes, Corsicans and other nations seeking separation may raise the same demand.[D]. Gyspsies' demand may highlight the difference in the EU.5. The big problem lies in the fact that[A]. Gypsies belong to different and antagonistic clans and tribes without a common language or religion.[B]. Their leaders prove corrupt.[C]. Their potential unity stems from “being regarded as sub-human”.[D]. They are a bit more pragmatic.Vocabulary1. albeit 即使，虽然2. outnumber 数字上超过3. ethnic 少数民族的成员，种族集团的成员4. Hindi 印地语5. misty 模糊不清的，朦胧的6. derivative 衍生的，派生的7. itinerant 逻辑的8. Romanesten 说吉普塞语的地方Romanes 吉普塞语Stan 地方9. outfit （口）组织，（协同工作）的集体10. local 地方（市，镇，县）政务委员会11. wary 谨慎的，机警的12. backfire 产生出乎意料或事与愿违的结果13. highlight 强调14. persecution 迫害15. catch on 了解，风行=to become popular16. pogrom 大屠杀，集体迫害17. commissioner 委员，调查团团员18. quota 定量，配额，限额19. snag （尖利突出物，抽丝）潜在的困难20. heterogeneous 由不同种类组成的21. antagonistic 有效对抗性的，对抗性的22. clan 氏族23. tribe 部落24. pragmatic 务实的，讲究实效的25. municipality 城市，镇，区属政府，自治区26. Rom 罗姆，即吉普塞人难句译注1. Central Europe 中欧，如本文提及捷克，匈牙利，罗马尼亚等。

精读四Unit 11.猛然敲门bang the door2.向国王陛下欢呼cheer His Majesty3.凝视那雕像contemplate the statue4.设计/发明一种新方法devise a new way5.获得一种名声gain a reputation6.鼓舞人民inspire the people7.低下头sink one’s head8.象征/代表国家symbolize the nation9.暖和双手warm one’s hands10.毁了某人的健康ruin one’s health11.扮演重要的角色play an important role/part in12.解决这个问题settle the issue1.永恒的真理the eternal truth2.档案柜 a filing cabinet3.无稽之谈utter nonsense4.有违法倾向的行为delinquent behavior5.常客 a frequent visitor6.新鲜空气fresh air7.格调很高的独白high-minded monologue8.一个固定的观点 a settled view9.语言障碍 a speech impediment10.可怕的风 a hideous wind11.使人兴奋的爱国热情heady patriotism12.无情的入侵者the remorseless invaders13.首相the Prime Minister14.思维过程 a mental process15.国际联盟the League of Nations16.一篇有条理的文章 a coherent article17.一位口译好手 a proficient interpreter18.一个不可避免的趋势an irresistible trend19.腐烂的苹果rotten apples20.点头之交 a nodding acquaintance（前五）1. 他因收受贿赂而正在接受调查。

Unit1Phrase1.猛然敲门 bang the door2.向国王陛下欢呼 cheer His Majesty3.凝视那雕像 contemplate the statue4.设计/发明一种新方法 devise a new way5.获得一种名声 gain a reputation6.鼓舞人民 inspire the people7.低下头 sink one’s head8.象征/代表国家 symbolize the nation9.暖和双手 warm one’s hands10.毁了某人的健康 ruin one’s health11.扮演重要的角色 play an important role/part in12.解决这个问题 settle the issueSentence1.I know I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.我知道，不管发生什么情况,我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。

2.As a rule， the younger generation tends to be more interested in the presentrather than the past unlike the older generation， but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other’s needs.一般来说,年轻一代与老一辈不同，他们对现在而不是对过去感兴趣。

但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需要，就都会遭受损失。

3.The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the wholenation.中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。

⼤学英语第四册精读第⼆单元MP3及⽂本Unit TwoClick the button to listen to the textIs there anything we can learn from deer? Duringthe "energy crisis" of 1973 -- 1974 the writer of thisessay was living in northern Minnesota and was able toobserve how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessonshe learns about the way deer conserve energy turn outapplicable to our everyday life.DEER AND THE ENERGY CYCLEAaron N. MoenSome persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a lessromantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn't love; it's money.But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy isthe currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only whenfood is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food togrow, to reproduce and to survive: On this cycle all life depends.It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using thesereserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat,wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer.A good case in point is the white--tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plentyof nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condi-tion who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during theend of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessaryenergy not only to meet her body's needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process -- it requires a lot of food. The cost can not bemet unless the region has ample food resources.As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependenton their mother's milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat.Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, agreat deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat re- serves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food sup-plies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow.As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The changein the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depthsare reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold.But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer sur-vive the winter -- an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows, down their ex-penditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heartrate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don't hibernate, they do thesame thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more en-ergy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant; and spendless energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available.When the "energy crisis" first came in 1973 - 1974, I was living withmy family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter innorthern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from moreactivity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: "Drive only when necessary, " we were told. " Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn thethermostat on your furnace down. " Meanwhile we watched the deer reducetheir activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism asthey have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer toreduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter.Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter haslight snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deepsnows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deermust spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and theymust then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If suchconditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer.Yes, life -- and death, too - is a cycle that goes round and round, andwhen animals die their bodies become food for other life forms to use byconverting them into energy.And the cycle continues.Click the button to listen to the pronunciations of new wordsNew Wordsdeer n.(sing. or pl. ) ⿅romantic a.belonging to or suggesting romance; fanciful, not practical 浪漫的; 幻想的turn n.a natural tendency; inclination (天⽣)倾向currency n.money that is actually in use in a country 通货，货币ecological a.of or concerning interrelationship of organisms and their environment ⽣态的ecology n.⽣态学convert vt.change (from one form, use, etc. into another); cause (a person) to change his beliefs, etc. 使转变;使改变信仰(等) excess n.the part that is more than enough; the condition of excee- ding what is usual or necessary 过量; 过渡reserve n.sth. that is being or has been stored for later use 储备(物)scarce a.not available in sufficient quantity 缺乏的wildlife n.animals and plants which live and grow wildnutritious a.有营养的mature a.fully grown and developed 成熟的; 成年的female a.of the sex that gives birth to young ⼥(性)的; 雌的a female person, animal or plantn.conceive vt.become pregnant with (young); form (an idea, plan, etc. ) in the mind 怀(胎) ; 构思fawn n.a young deer less than a year oldtiming n.selection for maximum effect of the precise moment for be- ginning or doing sth.时机的选择consume vt.eat or drink; use; use up 消耗; 消费region n.a place, space or area; a part of the body 地区; (⾝体的)部位ample a.plentiful 充裕的resource n.(pl.) possessions (esp. of a country), in the form of wealth and goods, that help one to do what one wants 资源dependent a.relying (on another) for supportmale a.of the sex that does not give birth to young 男(性)的;雄的a male person, animal or plant n.antler n.the solid, bony horn of a male deer ⿅⾓,茸⾓deposit vt.put or store for safe keeping; (esp. of a liquid, a river) leave lying (a layer of matter) 存放;使沉积doe n.a fully-grown female deerexpend vt.spend or use up 花费; 耗尽accumulate v.make or become greater in number or quantity; collect or gather 积累; 积聚account n.a sum of money kept in a bank which may be added to or taken from 帐户; 存款spotted a.marked with spotsdepth n.the state or degree of being deep 深; 深度, 厚度safeguard n.a means of protection against sth. unwanted 预防措施internal a.of or in the inside, esp. of the body 内部的;体内的physiological n.⽣理的; ⽣理学的metabolism n.新陈代谢hence hens ad.therefore 因此, 所以expenditure n.expending or using up; the amount of money, time, etc. expended 花费;⽤光; ⽀出额,费⽤somewhat ad.by some degree or amount; a little 有点,稍微drowsy a. sleepy or half sleepy; making one sleepy 困倦的;催眠的hibernate vi.(of some animals) pass the whole of the winter in a state like sleep 冬眠extreme neither end of anything; highest degree 极端seasonal a.depending on the seasons; changing with the seasons 季节性的rhythm n..节奏abundant a.more than enough 充⾜的; 丰富的cabin n.a small roughly built, usu. wooden house ⼩⽊屋；茅舍melt v.cause (a solid) to become liquid; (of a solid) become liquid (使)融化; (使)熔化amusing a.funny 逗⼈笑的; 引起乐趣的amuse vt.cause to laugh or smilethermostat n.an automatic device for regulating temperature 恒温器biologically ad.⽣物学上biological a.survival n.the fact or likelihood of surviving 幸存productivity n.the ability or capacity to produce, productiveness ⽣产⼒; ⽣产率; 多产fundamental a.basic; most importantPhrases & Expressionsgo roundfunction smoothlyin the form of以…形式in pointappropriate ; pertinent 适⽤的; 相关的in (good) conditionin good health, physically fitgive birth ( to )bear; (fig.) produce ⽣(孩⼦), 产(仔); 产⽣, 引起draw ontake or use as a source 利⽤; 动⽤slow down(cause to) go more slowly than usual; (cause to) live, work, etc. in a less active and intense way (使)慢下来; (使)放松turn downreduce the force, speed, loudness, etc. of (sth.) by using controls 减弱; 关⼩, 调低move abouttravel around; go from one place to anotherpull throughhelp (sb.) to survive a period of danger or crisis 使渡过危险或危机Proper NamesMinnesota明尼苏达(美国州名)“成千上万⼈疯狂下载。

Passage FiveWomen's Positions in the 17th CenturySocial circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women's voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a woman's subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Chr istians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women's physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.Y et some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era （1558—1603）the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne （King James' consort）and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education （modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin）and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive termss for imagining women's lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women's mature and role.Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian's immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul's epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife's subjection to her husband, but some texts （notably Galatians 3:28）inscribe a very different politics, promoting women's spiritual equality: “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.” Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estates in their husbands' absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum （1640-60）as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.1. What is the best title for this passage?[A]. Women's Position in the 17th Century.[B]. Women's Subjection to Patriarchy.[C]. Social Circumstances in the 17th Century.[D]. Women's objection in the 17th Century.2. What did the Queen Elizabeth do for the women in culture?[A]. She set an impressive female example to follow.[B]. She dominated the culture.[C]. She did little.[D]. She allowed women to translate something.3. Which of the following is Not mention as a reason to enable women to original texts?[A].Female communities provided some counterweight to patriarchy.[B]. Queen Anne's political activities.[C]. Most women had a good education.[D]. Queen Elizabeth's political activities.4. What did the religion so for the women?[A]. It did nothing.[B]. It too asked women to be obedient except some texts.[C]. It supported women.[D]. It appealed to the God.V ocabulary1. repress 压制，镇压，约束2. patriarchy 族长制，家长制3. chaste 贞洁的，高雅的4. hierarchy 等级制5. monarch 君主，最高统治6. image 象征，反映7. overtly 公开的，明显的8. outpour 倾泻9. sermon 布道，说教10. tract 政治宗教，小册子传单11. misogynist 反对妇女12. shrewish 泼妇似的，爱骂街的13. counterweight 抗衡14. consort 配偶15. masque 化装舞会16. monolithic 铁板一样的，磐石般的17. epistle 圣经?新约中的使徒书18. Galatians 新约圣经中加拉太书19. inscribe 写，题写，铭记难句译注1. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women's physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.[结构简析] 这是一种句型，年代，时间+see, find 等动词+宾语。