专业英语翻译(9.13.14.15.16.23)
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Unit 91、As is found in all phases of polymer chemistry, there aremany exceptions to this categorization.译：正如在高分子化学的各个部分都可以看到的那样，对这种分类方法有很多例外情况。
2、When the molecular chains are ‘straightened out’orstretched by a process of extension, they do not have sufficient attraction for each other to maintain the oriented state and will retract once the force is released. 译：当通过一个拉伸过程将分子链拉直的时候，分子链彼此之间没有足够的相互吸引力来保持其定向状态，作用力一旦解除，将发生收缩。
3、Therefore, a potential fiber polymer will not become a fiberunless subjected to a ‘drawing’process, i.e., a process resulting in a high degree of intermolecular orientation. 译：因此，可以制成纤维的聚合物将不成其纤维，除非经受一个抽丝拉伸的过程，即一个可以形成分子间高度取向的过程。
4、It must be borne in mind that, with the advent ofZiegler-Natta mechanisms and new techniques to improve and extend crystallinity, and the closeness of packing of chains, many older data given should be critically considered in relation to the stereoregular andcrystalline structure.译：必须牢牢记住，随着Ziegler-Natta机理出现，以及随着提高结晶度和提高链的堆砌密度的新方法的出现，对许多过去已得到的关于空间结构和晶体结构旧的资料，应当批判的接受。
Unit 131、Reactors may be categorized in a variety of ways, eachappropriate to a particular perspective.译：反应器可以用许多方法分类，各自适用于特定的目的。
2、The cycle time, often a day or more, typically becomes longeras reactor volume increases in order to achieve a substantial production rate with an inherently slow reaction.译：对于慢化学反应，为了提高生产率必须增加反应器体积，而这往往导致反应器的循环周期变长，常常以天计算。
3、Fabrication, shipping, or other factors place a limit thesize of a batch reactor. For example, transportation capacity can limit the size of a batch reactor for which shop, as opposed to on-site, fabrication of the heat exchange surface is required.译：制造、运输以及其他因素限制了反应器的规模，如热传递能力会限制间歇反应器的尺寸，热交换器必须在制造厂而不是现场加工。
4、Example would be liberation of a gas from a liquid-phasereaction or the formation of a precipitate in a fluid-phase reaction.译：例如液相反应中气体的释放或沉淀的生成。
5、A semibatch operation may result as well from differing modesof feeding the individual reactions.译：个别反应物的不同加入方式也导致半连续操作。
6、Again, we see how easy it is to achieve a gradual scaleup,say for a specialty chemical for which demand is increasing. 译：另外，这种反应器容易逐渐放大，例如某种化学品的需求逐步增加时常这样做。
7、Usually it is not simply the reactor outlet stream that isrecycled back to the reactor inlet, but it can be.译：通常不是简单地将反应器的出料返回到入口，当然也可以这样做。
8、At one extreme, in which all of the product is recycled(nonet flow), the reactor is the exact equivalent of the well-stirred batch reactor.译：一个极端是将所有产物循环（没有净的流出），此时循环反应器严格等效于全混间歇反应器。
Unit 141、The modern gas-phase process for polyethylene satisfies theclassical definition, yet is a far cry from the methyl methacrylate and styrene polymerization which remainsingle-phase throughout the polymerization and are more typically thought of as being bulk.译：根据传统的定义，现代的气相聚乙烯工艺属于本体聚合过程，但与通常认为的甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯的典型本体聚合过程截然不同，后者在整个聚合反应过程中始终保持单相体系。
2、ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer译：丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物3、This fact tends to govern the process design and to a lesserextent, the process economics.译：（本体聚合过程的高黏现象）支配聚合过程的设计，使过程经济效益下降。
4、If a polymer can be made in bulk, manufacturing economicswill most likely favor this approach.译：如果某一聚合物能通过本体聚合过程制造，从经济学角度该过程是最适宜的。
5、It is tempting to suggest that polymer process will graduallyevolve toward bulk.译：聚合物生产向本体聚合发展非常具有吸引力。
6、Hence, it is worthwhile avoiding a highly viscous continuousphase, but not at the price of introducing extraneous material.译：（淤浆聚合）能避免高粘度连续相，又无其他物料导入的问题。
Unit 151、By far the majority of PVC is produced via the suspensionroute.译：绝大多数聚氯乙烯是采用悬浮聚合工艺生产的。
2、Smaller reactors were often glass lined to give a smoothfinish that would resist the lay down of deposits on the walls.译：小型的（氯乙烯悬浮聚合）反应器内壁搪玻璃使壁面光滑，以防止聚合物粘壁。
3、Larger reactor are usually of polished stainless steel. 译：大型反应器通常采用抛光不锈钢内壁。
4、The problem is often overcome by the use of chilled wateror the fitting of a reflux condenser which, via the continued refluxing of vinyl chloride monomer, utilises its latent heat of vapourisation for cooling purposes.译：解决问题的方法是采用冷冻水或安装回流冷凝器，回流冷凝器连续回流氯乙烯单体，利用单体的蒸发潜热冷却反应物料。
5、heat-up of the reactor contents commenced.译：开始反应器的物料加热。
6、The trend is towards the operation of large close reactorswhich are only opened for maintenance or, possibly, occasional cleaning operations.译：反应器的大型化封闭式操作是发展方向，仅仅在维护或偶然的清理时才打开聚合釜。
Unit 161、Styrene-butadiene (GR-S) rubber created at that time givessuch good tire treads that natural rubber has never regained this market.译：那时，丁苯橡胶制造的轮胎性能相当优异，使天然橡胶在市场上黯然失色。
2、In the continuous process, styrene, butadiene, soap,initiator, and activator (an auxiliary initiating agent) are pumped continuously from storage tanks through a series of agitated reactors at such a rate that the desired degree of conversion is reached at the last reactor.译：在连续过程中，苯乙烯，丁二烯，皂，引发剂及活性剂（辅助引发剂）从贮槽连续泵送到搅拌釜组，泵送流率根据末釜的转化率控制。
