主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结

----安顺一中曹方平供稿

一． 就近原则：在 not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。

例： only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.

you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.

二． 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class ,

team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。

例： class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .

team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .

三． 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides,

along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

例： , with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.

son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)

英语语法之主谓一致

(一) 以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致

1：以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称

 疾病名称：arthritis〔关节炎〕，rickets〔软骨病〕等这类名词通常作单数用

Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.

 游戏名称：cards,darts等也通常作单数用

Darts is essentially a free and easy game.

2;以-ics结尾的学科名称，例如,physics,mathematics,mechanics等名词通常做单数用

Physics is an important subject in middle school.

3；以-s结尾的地理名称，例如，the Unite States,the United Nations等名词作单数用

注：但若不是国名，而是群岛，山脉，海峡，瀑布等，通常作复数用

The West Indies ,apart from the Bahamas,are commonly divided into two parts.

4:其他以-s结尾的名词

 剪刀，裤子，眼镜等名词通常作复数用，但如果带有单位词，由单位词的单复数形式决定动词的单复数形式

如：One pair of scissors is not enough.

Two pairs of pliers, one large and one small ,are missing from my tool box.

 英文中还有一些以-s结尾的名词，如：archives档案，arms武器，clothes, contents内容、目录，eaves屋檐，fireworks烟花，goods货物，minutes记录，morals道德，remains遗体，stairs楼梯，suburbs郊区，thanks, wages等通常作复数用

主谓一致

1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。

2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。

（1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.

（2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.

（3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。

并列主语的谓语一致

1.And

（1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.

（2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.

（3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。

every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many

a。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.

（4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。

Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.

I．单数主语：

1．当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。

● Someone has told me about it.

● Neither of us likes the film.

2．当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！）

● Each girl and boy has a nickname.

● Every man and woman is welcome.

3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc.

（这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。）

● The teacher along with his students is going to the party.

● His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him.

II．复数主语：

1．当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。

● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.

2．如主语是both, few或主语前有both, few, several, many 等限定词时，谓语动词须用复数。

● Several novels have been written by her.

● Both got the news at the same time.

3．下列名词总是复数形式且谓语动词必须用复数。

trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, scissors, tweezers, plier, scales , compasses,