2011年英语一轮复习资料-必修1 Unit5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela- a modern hero复习目标闯关要点名师讲解【重点单词】1. active adj.积极的，灵活的，活性的Over seventy as he is, he is still active.I can‘t tell whether it is an active volcano.拓展：be active in在……方面活跃，积极参加take an active part in积极参加act n./v.行为，举动，行动action n.行为，做法activity n.活动actor/ actress n.（男女）演员2. devote vt.投入；献身devote… to… 献身于；专心于在devote… to…短语中，to是介词，后面接名词或动词-ing。

常见的类似短语还有：pay attention to（注意……）; stick to（坚持……）; lead to（导致……）; prefer…to（相比……更喜欢……）; look forward to（盼望……）;[典例]1). He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。

2). Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick. 玛丽献身于为病人服务。

【即境活用】汉译英1). 她深爱她的孩子。

2). 我们应全力以赴地工作。

Keys: 1). She is devoted to her children.2). We should devote all our efforts to our tasks.3. vote v. 投票（决定）；选举n. 投票, 选票,表决, 得票数相关短语vote for/against 投票赞成/反对vote through 表决通过vote down 投票否决；投票击败vote in 投票选出；选举put… to the vote 将……付诸表决take/have a vote on 对……进行表决[典例]1). We voted Democrat in the last election. 我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票。

2). We‘ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决。

3). The votes are still being counted. 选票仍在统计中。

【即境活用】用恰当的介词或副词填空。

1). The suggestion was voted by a large majority.2). Shall we take a vote the question?3). The issue was put the vote.4). Was the vote or the matter?Keys:1). through 2).on 3). to 4). for; against4. equal adj.相同的；平等的,等于He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。

【拓展延伸】be equal to sth/ doing sth.胜任某事/ 做某事Are you equal to (doing) the task? 你能胜任这项工作吗？Vt. 等于，比得上A equals B. A等于B。

None of us can equal her in height/diligence/patience/strength/intelligence.我们中没人在身高/勤奋/耐心/力气/智力方面比得上她。

n. 同等/相等的人或物be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比，无比Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球队员。

【举一反三】be similar to 同---相似be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟知be familiar with sth. 熟悉某物be indifferent to sth. 对某事不关心，不在乎，不感兴趣be kind to 对----和蔼be polite to 对---很有礼貌be friendly to 对---很友好【即境活用】He doubted whether she would be_____to the task.A. equalB. similarC. familiarD. content【解析】A 考查形容词词义辨析和搭配。

be equal to sth. 胜任---符合句意，content ―满意的，满足的‖。

5. escape v.& n. 逃脱；逃生；泄露6. reward n.报答；酬金：为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱a reward of $900 for catching the criminal因抓获罪犯而得900美元酬金It's a reward for virtue.那是对美德的回报【相关短语】as a reward (for) 作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬in reward for 为酬答---，作为奖励---- It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）How can I reward your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢？Phrases: reward sb.(with---)for sth. 为某事（而以---）报答---Reward sb. for sth. 因某事使某人得到报应或惩罚He will sooner or later be rewarded for bad deeds. 他迟早会因他的坏行为而受到报应辨析reward，award，prizereward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。

award 作名词指正式或官方“给与，，颁发，授予”（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以跟两个宾语，award sb. sth., 把某物授予/判给某人。

Prize 只能做名词，表示“奖赏、奖金、奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉【即境活用】The girl got nothing in______for her kindness, which made her very sad.A. prizeB. awardC. medalsD. reward【解析】D 考查名词辨析和搭配。

按照句意应该是做好事的报答，依据固定搭配，in reward for 为---报答即可【重点短语】1. out of work 失业,出问题[短语归纳]in work 有工作out of breath 上气不接下气out of patience 不耐烦out of use 没用了out of date 过时out of order 次序颠倒；出故障out of control 失控out of danger 脱离危险out of shape 变形Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见, 心不烦。

1). Jim has been out of work for several months. 吉姆已经失业几个月了。

2). Mary‘s cell phone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience. 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。

【即境活用】用适当的介词（短语）填空。

1). Although my computer is date now, but it‘s still use.2). After fours‘ operation, the patient has been danger.Keys: 1). out of; in 2). out of2. as a matter of fact实际上It was cold. As a matter of fact, it was freeing. 天很冷，事实上，冷的要命。

【相关短语】as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/ actually/ in reality/ to tell the truth 实际上；事实。

to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是----it doesn‘t matter 没有关系【即境活用】It rained that day. ______, our car broke down on the way.A. In factB. ActuallyC. To make matters worseD. To tell the truth【解析】C 考查短语意思辨析。

同义词短语按照句意排除，本句没有实际上的意思，而是让事情更糟糕的是，C项符合。

3. in trouble处于困境中，有麻烦He is ready to help those who are in trouble.拓展：get into trouble遇到麻烦make trouble制造麻烦ask for trouble自找麻烦have trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难save trouble省事take great trouble to do sth.不辞劳苦做某事put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事【即境活用】If you don‘t study hard, you will have big trouble ___________(find) a job.[答案] finding4. turn to 求助于；致力于5. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心【相关短语】lose one‘s heart to sb.= fall in love with sb. 爱上某人lose one's job 失业lose one's balance 失去平衡lose one's breath上气不接下气lose one's life 丧生; 遇害lose face 丢脸; 受屈辱learn by heart 记住，背诵take sth. to heart 深为某事而感动put one‘s heart into 热衷于---give heart to sb. 鼓励某人heart and soul 全心全意地【即境活用】We should serve the people_____.A. without heartB. without heart and soulC. heart and soulD. for the heart and soul【解析】C 考查固定短语用法。