最新国家开放大学《英语语法与基础写作》习题答案

国家开放大学电大专科《英语语法》2022-2023期末试题及答案（试卷号：2154）InTormalion for the ExamineesPart I Grammar In ReadingQucftlom 1 — 10 are hated on Part I .Directions ： In the followinR text t lhe numticrs 1-10 In bruckcts refer to the underling parts of tbc trit that cumc after thcm f and to lhe questions below, Rrnd thr text Hnt t und thin aiuwer the quntlon*. Write your iinswm on the Answer Sheet.\ letterDcnr Amy. We (1 Hinally went on the trip to the Middlr East that I told you about! Daphne And thr Leeti came Mow We travelled first by plane to Cairo and then (2)hy busi to the MttCA.F2gypt in AS funtnntir the brochures say| Wr MW the Pyrnmidnt of cour»c< There wax A rcnovAtion job(3)胞叫 on nround thr Sphinx* no we hod to choose the bent angle carefully to tAke pictures^ Wr spent Mornc time just walking around despite the hrnt f (4)enjoying the (eclinR o( being there.In the Afternoon• wr took n bon t tour on the Nile, nnd wc had dinner on (5)the bcm ，h WAS A dclicioua meal. 1 tried vegetables and beanM (6)cooked in different wny ，. with ingredi- cnt» (7)thot I couldn't recoKni»r but (8)thnt tasted like the beat thing* (9)1 "vc tried in my life!I cftn f t wait to show you the picturcn (10)that we took!MarkL C«n you rephee ihin by UinnT?2. Can you replace thin by •on'?3. Cnn you uno the word ,只o' here?4. Can you replace this by 1 enjoyedThis examination consists of five parts. These are ：Part Part Part Part I ： (rrnrnmar in Reading U ： Grammar in Reading IU : ClozeIV : Error CorrectionPart (20 points)(20 points)(20 points) (20 points) (20 points)V : Grammar in Writing The total marks for this examination are 100 points.Time allowed forco ni plcting this examination is 90 minutes.5. Can you use the word 4a f here?6. Can you replace thin by cooking1?7t Can you replace this by 'which'?8. Can you leave out the word * that1 here?9. Can you replncc this by M tried*?10. What docs a that f refer to in thtB sentence?Purt || Grammar In ReadingQuestions 11 —15 arr based on Part [| •Directions： In the following text, the numbers 11*15 In brackets refer to the underlined parts of the text that come after lhein, and to the questions bclof Rend the text first f and then answer (he questions* Write your answem on the Answer Sheet.(U)The okhir mudznt，in our hull hnd plnnned to 9pook the younget 9醇1 】脾night. (12) We plhy locks hk?，hi, on newcomers, just to welcome them AS boarding Mudents. Thi> one took some time to plant and it was going to be great fun< (13)We fixed white rhem 2 play ghom and flmhlights S guide 昨in the dark. Everything was ready by 12um. Jtitniv had promised »he would borrow A camrra to Him the whole thing* so wc could !nu|<h at tt togeth* er afterwarchi And we trusted her. Daniel would get a CD with spooky sound HfecM Wc waited for him but he didn 11 show up. Neither did Jurnie. * Where were you?!f we nuked them at breakfast today. (14) 1 We waited for you (or age^l f (15)They hud both Julien a・ Jeep g th砒〔hoy didn't h<?nr us knocking m」bc?ir doors! Pm so angry I could scream!11. Change this sentence into negative form. Follow the example.ExampU i Sht like% music. She doesn 91 hkt music\2. Rewrite this jientrncc by aciding An appropriate ® question. Follow the cxnmplc<Example i She ltkc\ muiic. Sht hkes muitc t doesn 1 / \h「？13. Change this sentence from active voice into passive voice14. Build one question about rhe underlined part in rhe sentence.15. Change this complex wntcnce into a compound sentence.Part 10 CloxeQuestions 16—20 ®re based on Part |H«Directions： Choose the best answer from A. II> C or D to fill In each blank In the text below. Write your answers on the Answer SheetsMy tecrct for staying young is simple. Put all attention to the part of your brain andkeep it young and growings Keep your mind uwake and you'll stay young <ill oven Thcnc nrc(16) times. Take an interest in the world around you. and stick to (17) at leant onenew thing every day. No matter (18) old you nrc t it's not too late to make your life more interesting. I know ahousewife with no knowledge before she made herself into a welb known engineer. 1 know A retired electrical engineer (19) has become a highly-paid dress designer Get over the idea that you are too old to go back to school 1 know a man who entered medical college al 7Q. He got his degree with Honors and (20) a famous doctor. Another man went to law school at 71 and now was an active lawyer. Staying young caay for those> old or young> who live in the future. You can do it if you care enough to try. Keep your mind awake And activethm's the only way.t16. A. excite B> excited G e xciting D. excites17. A. learning B- learn C. be learned D. be learning18. A. where B・ wha: C. why D・how19. A. when B. who G which D. why20. A. becomes B. become C became D. becomingPart |V Error CorrectionQuestions 21—30 are based on Part IV.Directions： In the following text f there are altogether 10 errors f which arc numbered and nn- derlined. Correct the errors. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.As she walked round the huge department store• Edith thought (21)what difficult it was to choose a proper Christmas present for her fathen She wished that he was ns easy to please (22)likc her mother, who was always satisfied with a bottle of perfumee Besides*(23) shop at this time of the year was most unpleasant experience： people stepped on your(24) foot< and al most knocked you over in their hurry to get ahead of you.Partly to have a rest# Edith paused in from of a counter where she saw some beautiful <ie»< ^They are real silk”, the assistant said to her v (25)tried to persuade her to buy (26)another. °Worth double the price." But Edith knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on and then stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered round a counter She found(27)any good quality pipes on wle . and the prices were very reasonable.Edith didn't hesitate for long, although her father only smoked occasionally. She knew that thia was a present which was (28)ceruinly to please him.When she (29)got to home t with her small (30) well-choosing present hidden in her handbage her parents were already at the supper tablc^ Her mother was especially hoppy. M Your father has at last decided to stop smoking." she informed her daughter.Part V Grammar in WritingQuestions 31—40 are boed on Part V .Directions： Below ・re 12 words and phrasei> Select 10 of them »nd use their proper form to fill In the gaps In the tcit e Each word or phrase am only be uxd once. Write your an»wcn on <hc Answer Sheet.extend for • on the foundation . but. each xtep • they• nrver .compUtt t increaie t bf achieved • when t should 9 dtal withThere arc three kinds of goaliii short-term • medium^rnngc nnd long-term ftoals. Short-term Koala arc those that usually (31) current activities* which we cun ap* ply on ・ daily basis> Such gonh can (32) in A week or lc”. or two weeks< or possibly• months. It (33) be remembered that just as a building i* no stronRer than i* founda- tton. long-term goaU cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid Mhort- lerm goals. Upon (34) our uhort-term we should date the occftMtan and then ndd new fihort^term goals that will build an thoae that have been completedThe intermedintc goal* build (35) of the short-term uoals t They miKht den\ with just one term of school or the entire school yrar t or they could even (36) sicverul yem. Any time you move ■ step at a time, you should never allow yourfldf to become discouraged or overwhelmed. An you complete (37) . you will rnforre the belief in your tihlity to grow nnd succeed. And your list of completion dates grow, your rnotivntion and desire will 勰〉.l4Jng-term ROM I S may be related to our dreams of the future. (39) might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thin*. We should 《40) allow n long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.试题答案及评分标准(仅供参考)P・rt I (20 points. 2 points each)1. No.2. No.3. No.4. No.5. No.6. No.7. Yes.H. Yes.9. No.10. The picture*.Part 11 (20 point!t 4 points each)11. The older students in our hall hodn f t planned to apook the younger ones Im night t12. We play tricks like this on newcomers t don r t we?13. White Aheets were fixed (by us) io piny ghost and flaMhlights to guide UB in the dark.14t How long did we wail for you?15. They hod both fallen naleep and (hey didn't hear us knocking m their doors!Part HI (20 points, 4 points each)16, C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. CPart IV (20 point，■ 2 points meh)21. how22. AM23. shopping24. feet25. trying26. one27. some28. ccrtnin29. got home30. welkchoMcnPart V (20 polnU t 2 points each)3L deni with32. be achieved33・ should34. complctinx35. on the foundaiion36. extend for37. ciich Atcp38. increflAe39. They40. never。

1、教材中谈到写作要“言之有物”，此中之“物”，包括哪两个部分内容？请结合教材予以具体论述。

答：教材中谈到的写作要"言之有物",此中之"物",包括内容和材料两个方面的内容。

一、材料的涵义:材料是写作者用来提炼和表现文本思想的那些事实现象,理论依据和各种数据。

二、材料的作用:1、在写作之前,材料是形成观点,提炼思想的基础;2、在写作之中,有效地选择材料是准确地表达思想的支柱。

三、材料的选择及要求:广义材料选择的要求:1、要选择感受深刻的材料;2、要选择内涵丰富的材料;3、要选择新颖生动的材料。

狭义材料的选择:1、材料要具有代表性;2、材料要具有思想启迪效果。

3、材料要具有可读性。

四、思想的涵义:即指通过文本写作主要内容所表达出来的某种总体性的基本的意旨或倾向。

五、提炼思想的途径:其一、在尽可能全面掌握材料的基础上提炼思想;其二、在向事物内在纵深层面的开掘中提炼思想;其三、在多种结论的比较选择中提炼思想。

2、有人说“材料重在选择，思想重在提炼”，结合自己的写作或阅读经验，谈谈你对此所持看法。

答：磨合阶段是与自己的阅历。

经验磨合，去增加自己的实力，寻找真谛。

去和自己作斗争，和自己新的理念新的思想作斗争，一旦磨合成功。

你就会越来越成熟，思想就会与时俱进，富有哲理。

提炼与磨合的差别就在于提炼是旧思想的演变，而磨合是不断成熟的标志。

3、阅读散文《谢天》，谈谈典型材料的选用对文本思想的表达所具有的重要作用。

答：读了台湾作家陈之藩的散文<<谢天>>有很多感想，这篇散文是一篇抒发个人情感和表达自己内心世界的情感散文。

作者从生活琐事入手,娓娓道来,由小及大,由浅入深,表达了自己对生活的感悟和对人的认知。

而在这一过程中,作者没有空洞的说教,而是通过对一些人物的言行描述,披露自己的心路历程,印证自己思想的升华。

从而产生一种艺术感染力,使读者产生共鸣,读后感到收获颇丰。

最新国家开放大学电大专科《英语写作基础》期末试题标准题库及答案（试卷号：2152）
最新国家开放大学电大专科《英语写作基础》期末试题标准题库及答案（试卷号：2152）《英语写作基础》题库一试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）《英语写作基础》题库二试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）《英语写作基础》题库三试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）《英语写作基础》题库四I . Write a notice according to the foljowing facts: (10 points) 请想购买《英语写作基础教程》（第二版）文字教材的同学们于明日下午到系办公室填写征订表。

试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）《英语写作基础》题库五试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）《英语写作基础》题库六试题答案及评分标准（仅供参考）
感谢您的阅读！。

基础写作试题及答案解析一、词汇运用根据句意及首字母提示，填写正确的单词。

1. He is a very successful businessman and has made a lot of money in the p_________ years.答案：past解析：根据句意“他是一个非常成功的商人，在过去几年里赚了很多钱”，需要填入一个表示时间的单词，结合首字母提示“p”，可知填入“past”。

2. The teacher asked the students to keep their eyes c_________ during the exam.答案：closed解析：根据句意“老师要求学生在考试期间保持眼睛闭着”，需要填入一个表示状态的单词，结合首字母提示“c”，可知填入“closed”。

3. The company is going through a period of rapid g_________.答案：growth解析：根据句意“公司正在经历一个快速增长的时期”，需要填入一个表示发展状态的单词，结合首字母提示“g”，可知填入“growth”。

4. She is a very talented singer and has won many a_________.答案：awards解析：根据句意“她是一个非常有才华的歌手，赢得了许多奖项”，需要填入一个表示荣誉的单词，结合首字母提示“a”，可知填入“awards”。

5. The police are investigating the m_________ of the famous scientist.答案：murder解析：根据句意“警方正在调查这位著名科学家的谋杀案”，需要填入一个表示犯罪行为的单词，结合首字母提示“m”，可知填入“murder”。

二、语法填空阅读下面的短文，根据语法和上下文，用适当的单词填空。

In recent years, the number of people who travel by air has increased rapidly. The first airplanes 6. (carry) only one or two passengers, but now they 7. (be) able to carry hundreds of passengers. Air travel has become 8. (popular) than ever before, and the number of air travelers 9. (rise) steadily since the 1960s. The main reason for this increase in air travel is the development of technology, which has made flying 10. (safe) and more comfortable. Nowadays, people can travel to many places 11. (quick) than before, and air travel has become a common mode of transportation for both business and leisure.答案：6. carried7. are8. more popular9. has risen10. safer11. more quickly解析：6. 根据句意“第一架飞机只能载一两个乘客”，需要填入一个表示过去的动词，结合语境可知填入“carried”。

国家开放大学电大专科《英语写作基础》期末试题及答案(试卷号：2152)一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个选项是正确的句子？A. He went to the library, and borrow a book.B. She is very tired, but she still continues to work.C. They didn't come to the party, but we had a good time.D. I was very hungry, and I ate a sandwich.答案：C2. 下列哪个选项表示“尽管”？A. becauseB. althoughC. ifD. when答案：B3. 下列哪个选项表示“因此”？A. howeverB. thereforeC. becauseD. although答案：B4. 下列哪个选项表示“首先”？A. first of allB. in the endC. in the middleD. at last答案：A5. 下列哪个选项表示“另外”？A. alsoB. howeverC. in additionD. on the other hand答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. If I _______ (be) you, I would not do that.答案：were7. He has been to many countries, _______ (including) France, Germany, and Italy.答案：including8. I don't think it's a good idea, _______ (because)it will waste a lot of time.答案：because9. They are very friendly, _______ (and) they always help others.答案：and10. I was born in 1995, _______ (which) means I am 25 years old now.答案：which三、改写句子（每题5分，共25分）11. 改写下列句子，使其意思不变：Original: He didn't come to the party because he was sick.Rewrite:______________________________________________________ __答案：He was sick, so he didn't come to the party.12. 改写下列句子，使其意思不变：Original: She likes to read books, and she reads a book every day.Rewrite:________________________________________________________答案：She enjoys reading books, and she reads one every day.13. 改写下列句子，使其意思不变：Original: He went to the store to buy some groceries. Rewrite:______________________________________________________ __答案：He went to the store for some groceries.14. 改写下列句子，使其意思不变：Original: I don't think it's a good idea to waste money on unnecessary things.Rewrite:______________________________________________________ __答案：I believe it's not a wise decision to spend money on unnecessary things.15. 改写下列句子，使其意思不变：Original: She has been to many countries, such as France, Germany, and Italy.Rewrite:______________________________________________________ __答案：She has traveled to numerous countries,including France, Germany, and Italy.四、写作题（每题20分，共40分）16. 根据以下题目，写一篇不少于100词的英语短文：Topic: The Importance of Environmental Protection答案：The Importance of Environmental ProtectionEnvironmental protection has become a pressing issue in today's world. With the rapid development of technology and industrialization, our planet is facing numerous challenges, such as air pollution, water pollution, and deforestation. It is crucial for us to recognize the importance of environmental protection and take immediate action to preserve our planet.Firstly, environmental protection is essential for the survival of all living beings. Air and water pollution can lead to severe health problems, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Moreover, deforestation and the destruction of natural habitats result in the extinction of many species. By protecting the environment, we are ensuring a healthier and safer future for ourselves and future generations.Secondly, environmental protection is vital for maintaining the balance of ecosystems. The Earth's ecosystems are interconnected, and the destruction of one ecosystem can have a ripple effect on others. For example, deforestation can lead to soil erosion, which in turn affects agriculture and food security. By preserving our environment, we are maintaining the delicate balance of nature.Lastly, environmental protection can contribute to economic development. Sustainable practices, such as renewable energy sources and green technology, can create new job opportunities and promote economic growth. Moreover, a clean and healthy environment attracts tourists, which can boost local economies.In conclusion, environmental protection is of utmost importance for the well-being of our planet and future generations. We must take collective action to reduce pollution, conserve natural resources, and promote sustainable practices. Only through our efforts can we ensure a sustainable and prosperous future.17. 根据以下题目，写一篇不少于100词的英语短文：Topic: My Dream Vacation答案：My Dream VacationIf I had the opportunity to go on my dream vacation, I would choose to visit the Maldives. Known for its stunning beaches, crystal-clear waters, and luxurious resorts, the Maldives has always been a dream destination for me.The Maldives is famous for its beautiful coral reefs and diverse marine life. Snorkeling and diving in these vibrant waters would be an unforgettable experience. I would love to explore the underwater world, encountering colorful fish, sea turtles, and maybe even a shark or two.In addition to the breathtaking natural beauty, the Maldives offers a chance to relax and unwind. The luxurious resorts provide amenities such as spa treatments, infinity pools, and overwater bungalows. I could imagine myself lounging on a sun lounger, sipping on a refreshing cocktail, and taking in the panoramic views of the Indian Ocean.Moreover, the Maldives is known for its excellent cuisine. I would love to indulge in fresh seafood, local delicacies, and international dishes. Exploring the local culture and trying new foods would be an exciting part of the vacation.Lastly, the Maldives is a paradise for water sports enthusiasts. I would enjoy trying activities like jet skiing, parasailing, and kayaking. The warm waters and favorable weather conditions make it an ideal destination for these thrilling activities.In conclusion, my dream vacation would be a trip to the Maldives. The combination of stunning beaches, vibrant marine life, luxurious resorts, and exciting activities would make it an unforgettable experience. It would be a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life, allowing me to relax and rejuvenate in paradise.。

2025国家开放大学电大专科《基础写作》期末试题及答案（试卷号2412）答：(1)材料要最具代表性；(2)材料要最有精神启迪效果；(3)材料要具有可读性。

每个要点各2分，文字阐述2分。

2．结构安排要作到具有一定的审美效果，应遵循的基本原则包含哪几个方面的内容。

答：(1)结构安排应当做到完整匀称；(2)结构安排应当做到周严缜密；(3)结构安排应当做到错综变化。

每个要点各2分，文字阐述2分。

3．简要说明文学作为语言艺术的审美表现特征。

答：(1)塑造艺术形象的间接性；(2)反映社会生活的灵活性；(3)揭示心灵世界的具体性。

每个要点各2分，文字阐述2分。

三、分析论述题(16分)阅读下面的短文，就文章结构安排艺术手法中所涉及的“分合曲直”、“疏密虚实”、“抑扬张弛”等问题，进行分析。

分析必须结合原文，可以是几个问题综合分析，也可以只就一个问题进行深入剖析。

左脚爱上了右脚他也不清楚自己是在什么时候爱上她的，或许是在主人出生的那一刻，或许更早。

他一看见她就觉得幸福，那种幸福是由衷的，发自内心的。

然而左脚却不能常常见到他日思夜想的爱人。

因为主人要走路，走路的时候两只脚必须要一前一后，否则便会摔跟头。

这样一来，白天，左脚就没有机会跟右脚表露他的心迹了，而当夜幕降临，繁星漫天时，疲累了一天的右脚又已早早的进入了梦乡。

那日，主人在回家的途中终于偷得半点闲暇，推开了一家咖啡店的玻璃门。

主人找了个靠窗的位置坐了下来，点了一杯咖啡，将右脚高高的翘在左脚上，一边品尝一边静静的欣赏窗外的美景。

婉转悦耳的音乐适时的响起，浪漫的气氛。

左脚心想：“这正是一个千载难逢的良机，此时不说，更待何时”于是决定鼓起勇气向右脚告白。

……答：佛说，当你在世间经历过生死离别后，或许你可能也就明白了，所谓的爱其实就是两人相守时的一个早安和晚安。

你问了，我心里暖了……每当为失去你而失眠，我就会不由自主地想起一些那些快乐，快乐越多，心里也就越痛。

我一直想忘记，却怎么忘记不了。

国开大学电大《英语语法》2020期末试题及答案(试卷号：2154)一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. The_________of the students in our class is very high.A. averageB. avengerC. average'sD. averages答案：A2. We_________the problem together.A. discussB. are discussingC. discussedD. have discussed答案：C3. The teacher_________us not to be late for class.A. tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told答案：D4._________do you usually go to school?A. HowB. WhenC. How longD. How far答案：D5._________is the population of your city?A. How manyB. How muchC. WhatD. Which答案：C6._________do you want to buy?A. WhatB. WhichC. HowD. Where答案：A7._________you been to Beijing?A. HaveB. HasC. DidD. Is答案：A8._________book is this?A. WhoseB. WhoC. WhichD. Whom答案：A9._________are you?A. WhoB. WhomC. WhoseD. Which答案：A10._________is your name?A. WhatB. WhoC. WhomD. Which答案：A11._________do you like?A. WhatB. WhichC. HowD. Why答案：B12._________do you usually go to school?A. ByB. OnC. WithD. At答案：A13._________do you think of my plan?A. WhatB. HowC. WhichD. Why答案：A14._________do you want to be?A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Whom答案：B15._________do you want to go?A. WhereB. WhenC. HowD. Why答案：A16._________do you sleep every night?A. How longB. How muchC. How manyD. How far答案：A17._________do you study every day?A. How manyB. How muchC. How longD. How far答案：C18._________do you think of the film?A. WhatB. HowC. WhichD. Why答案：A19._________do you like to do in your spare time?A. WhatB. WhichC. HowD. Why答案：A20._________do you usually go to the movies?A. HowB. WhenC. WhereD. Why答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共40分）1. I_________a book last night. (read)答案：read2. They_________to the teacher for help. (turn)答案：turned3. He_________the cake on the table. (put)答案：put4. We_________the plan together. (discuss)答案：discussed5. She_________the door and went out. (open)答案：opened6. He_________the window to let in some fresh air. (open)答案：opened7. They_________the problem together. (solve)答案：solved8. I_________my keys. Can you help me find them? (lose)答案：lost9. She_________a letter to her pen pal. (write)答案：wrote10. He_________a new car last week. (buy)答案：bought三、改写句子（每题5分，共25分）1. He is taller than any other student in our class. (改写成否定句)答案：He is not shorter than any other student in our class.2. She can't finish the work in such a short time. (改写成肯定句)答案：She can finish the work in such a short time.3. I have never seen such a beautiful girl before. (改写成疑问句)答案：Have you ever seen such a beautiful girl before?4. He goes to school by bus every day. (改写成一般现在时)答案：He goes to school by bus.5. They are playing football on the playground. (改写成一般过去时)答案：They played football on the playground.四、作文（25分）请根据以下题目，写一篇80-100词的短文。

国家开放大学电大专科《英语写作基础》2028-2029期末试题及答案(试卷号：2152)一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个词组表示“各种各样的”？A. different kinds ofB. a variety ofC. all sorts ofD. all kinds of答案：B2. 下列哪个句子使用了正确的比较级？A. This book is more interesting than that one.B. This book is interesting than that one.C. This book is more interesting than that book.D. This book is interestinger than that one.答案：A3. 以下哪个句子表示“我昨天去了电影院，看了电影《阿凡达》。

”？A. I went to the cinema yesterday and watched the movie "Avatar".B. I went to the cinema yesterday, and then I watched the movie "Avatar".C. I went to the cinema yesterday, and after that, I watched the movie "Avatar".D. I went to the cinema yesterday, and then watched the movie "Avatar".答案：A4. 以下哪个词组表示“尽快”？A. as soon as possibleB. as quickly as possibleC. as fast as possibleD. as rapidly as possible答案：A5. 以下哪个句子使用了正确的时态？A. He goes to school every day.B. He went to school yesterday.C. He will go to school tomorrow.D. He has gone to school.答案：B6. 以下哪个词组表示“越来越多”？A. more and moreB. much and muchC. many and manyD. a lot of答案：A7. 以下哪个句子表示“我昨天没做作业。

国家开放大学最新《基础写作》形成性考核（1-6）试题与答案解析形考任务11、教材中谈到写作要“言之有物”，此中之“物”，包括哪两个部分内容？请结合教材予以具体论述。

正确答案：所谓“言之有物”，就是要求写作成果有丰富而且具体的思想内容，能够反映作者对自然界、人类社会或人自身的某种独特的体验或认识。

它包括文本的材料和思想两方面的因素。

文本的材料，材料有广义和狭义的区别，广义的材料是泛指已被作者关注并意识到有某种写作价值而予以收集积累以被选用的一切原始材料，包括事实形态的、理论形态的和数字形态的等等。

狭义的材料，则是专指经过作者的选择，已被或将被写进文本中的事实、理论和各种数据。

文本的思想，是指通过文本写作的主要内容所表达出来的某种总体性的、基本性的意旨或倾向。

它体现作者的写作意图和写作目的，代表着写作的意义和价值，决定阅读的效果，在写作中处于核心地位。

2、有人说“材料重在选择，思想重在提炼”，结合自己的写作或阅读经验，谈谈你对此所持看法。

正确答案：此观点正确。

写作者日常接触到的材料是十分的繁杂的，要使原始材料的积累真正具有写作价值，就要善于按照写作的规律的要求对其进行识别和选择。

文本的思想需要提炼，是为使写作的规律大要求，使其最终确立的文本思想达到真实、深刻、新颖的程度。

在写作之中，有效地选择和组织材料，是准确表达思想的支柱。

在一般的文本写作中，思想和材料往往同时出现，因此，文本思想的确立和材料的支撑是融为一体的。

在文学创作中，文本思想隐含与材料之中而不直接说出，因此对材料的选择和组织成为引导读者体验、理解、和接受文本思想的唯一途径。

3、阅读散文《谢天》，谈谈典型材料的选用对文本思想的表达所具有的重要作用。

正确答案：首先，读了这篇文章后，我觉得我们要有一颗感恩之心。

这里的“天”可以理解为大自然，可以理解为人世间的一切美好的人、事、物，“谢”“天”，就是要对某种我们不了解的存在、规律、原则有敬畏之心，有感激之心，有谦逊之心。

题目1正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干写作应遵循文有大法，无定法；字字古有，言言古无，体现的是（）的写作基本规律。

选择一项：A.B. 写作整合律C. 写作化生律D. 写作通变律反馈正确答案是：写作通变律题目2正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干生活实践是确立写作主客体关系的根本途径，阅读实践是感悟积累写作经验的重要途径，写作实践是将写作理论转化为写作能力的唯一途径，体现的是写作的（）特征。

选择一项：A. 创造性B. 通变律C. 实践性D. 个体性反馈正确答案是：实践性题目3正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干以下哪一项不属于写作的特殊属性（）。

选择一项：A. 参与性特征B. 书面性特征C. 交流性特征D. 化生性特征反馈正确答案是：参与性特征题目4正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干以下哪一项不属于写作材料的作用（）。

选择一项：A.B. 在写作后，材料可以来用证明作者的观点是完全客观的，不带了作者的主观发挥。

C. 在写作之前，广博的原始材料的积累是形成观点、提炼思想的基础。

D. 在写作中，有效地选择和组织材料是准确表达思想的支柱。

反馈正确答案是：在写作后，材料可以来用证明作者的观点是完全客观的，不带了作者的主观发挥。

题目5正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干创造的前提在于要有不懈追求的创新意识，创造的基础在于要有坚忍不拔的毅力，创造的成功在于要有捕捉灵感的能力，体现的是写作的（）特征。

选择一项：A. 个体性B. 实践性C. 创造性D. 通变律反馈正确答案是：创造性题目6正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干写作是写作主体的个体心灵对写作客体的一种对象性限定，写作是写作主体的个性心灵对写作意义的一种生气灌注，写作是写作主体的个性心灵对写作载体的匠心独运，体现的是写作的（）特征。

选择一项：A. 创造性B. 通变律C. 实践性D. 个体性反馈正确答案是：个体性题目7正确获得2.00分中的2.00分标记题目题干结构安排要具有一定的审美效果，主要体现在（）。

2020年春广东开放大学10159英语语法与基础写作（已更新）考试与答案I have many dirty clothes ___D____.选择一项：A. washingB. washC. to be washingD. to wash解析：本题考查动词不定式作后置定语，表示"要做什么"。

句意为："我有很多脏衣服要洗。

"正确答案是：to washIf you need ___D____ information, please call me.选择一项：A. far awayB. fartherC. farD. further解析：本题考查形容词比较级的用法。

far 的比较级有两种形式：farther 与further。

在表示客观距离时，两者都可用。

但是表达抽象含义，比如本题的"进一步"，则要用further。

句意为："如果您需要进一步的信息，请致电我。

"正确答案是：furtherAt last he got home, ________ and _______.选择一项：CA. tiring, hungryB. tired, hungrilyC. tired, hungryD. tiring, hungrily解析：本题考查形容词与副词的用法辨析。

本句中，"又累又饿"是修饰主语he，补充说明主语的状态，故应该使用形容词。

tiring 表示"令人觉得乏力的"，指的是客观事物的性质，tired 表示"觉得乏力"，指的是人物的主观感受。

hungry 是形容词，hungrily 则是副词。

句意为："最后他终于回到家了，又累又饿。

"正确答案是：tired, hungry_____C__ you join her birthday party tomorrow?选择一项：A. AreB. DoC. WillD. Have解析：本题考查一般将来时。