语法新题型
（一）
In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families 1 support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.
We tend to think of the Depression as 2 time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate 3 (decline) by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse 4 manage alone.
Today, 5 (give) the job losses of the past year, 6 (few) unhappy couples will risk 7 (start) separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make
8 more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.
After financial disasters family members also tend to do 9 they can to help each other and their communities. A book—The Unemployed Man and His Family described a family in whi ch the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.” He was always active, looking for odd jobs 10 (do).
Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one 11 through the early months of unemployment. Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples12 relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again13 we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.
1 for
2 a
3 had declined
4 could
5 given
6 fewer
7 starting
8 it 9 whatever 10 to do 11 another 12 whose 13 that
（二）
People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service
1 realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send
2 (target) messages.
Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea 3 they’re paying for Facebook, 4 people don’t really know what 5 personal data is worth.
The 6 (big) problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook you could create own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things—your city, y our photo, your friends’ names-were set, by default (默认)to 7 (share) with everyone on the Internet.
According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its servi ce, and if people don’t share information, t hey have a “8
(satisfying) experience”.
Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, 9 involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online10 (connect) with their friends?
The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator （议员）Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission 11 (set) guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people cou ld choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.
I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning. Which is 12 I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, 13 I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t trust. That’s too high14 price to pay.
1 without
2 targeted
3 what
4 because
5 their
6 biggest
7 be shared
8 less satisfying 9 which 10 connecting 11 to set 12 why 13 but 14 a
十一选十
A.budget
B.influence
C.weak
D.characterized
E.unstable
F.expansion
G.steady
H.crisis
I.sufficient
J.likely
K.climate
The global economy may be entering a new phase as the year draws to a close. New data suggest some of the uncertainty that has 1 much of 2013 appears to be lifting as a new year begins, though economists are cautious （谨慎的）. Despite steady improvement, U.S. unemployment remains high, Europe’s debt 2 is far from over, and China’s economy continues to slow.
As the year ends, more people are finding work in the United States, the economy is growing at the fastest pace in two years and Congress has a new 3 that effectively removes the threat of another costly government shutdown.
Barring（排除）another political standoff （僵局）, small business advocate John Arensmeyer sees an improved business 4 in 2014. “Could be a better year than 2013, particularly if we don’t see the ty pe of shenanigans（诡计）we saw with the shutdown.”
Across the Pacific, China's economy has slowed after decades of double-digit 5 . But even with a relatively modest outlook of seven percent growth, international economist UriDadush said China continues to exert strong economic 6 in the region. “It’s going to be somewhat slower going forward over the next year or two, but still 7 to pull a large number of countries along,” said Dadush.
But while improving demand is likely to benefit countries from Cambodia to Japan, European economies remain 8 . The European Commission says growth will slow in the 18 nations that use the euro - with unemployment likely to inch higher in the new year. Despite recent banking reforms, Dadush said tough austerity（严厉的）measures in countries that received bailouts （紧急援助）continue to weigh on Europe’s economy.“Italy’s in deep trouble, and it’s going to take some years even for the Spains and the Portugals and the Irish to come out of the mess,” said Dadush.
Lingering questions also remain about the international impact of the U.S. central bank’s decision to scale back monetary stimulus （刺激）. With prices of raw materials 9 to fall next year, economists say commodity-dependent countries could see their revenues fall. “That includes Brazil, but it also includes Turkey, it includes Hungary, it may include Indonesia, that is also commodity-dependent by the way,” said Dadush.
In the Middle East, some of the Arab Spring countries, which remain politically 10 , are expected to experience economic difficulties in 2014. Pinfan Hong, chief of global economic monitoring at the United Nations, said, “Nevertheless, we believe some improvements are building the momentum（趋势，势头）for next year. So we expect the world economy to grow by about three percent for 2014.”
C H A K F
B I
C J E
完形填空
A bill submitted to China's top legislature for deliberation （审议）aims to allow couples to have two children if either parent is an only child. The suggested 1 of the family planning policy is expected to bring China roughly 13 million more babies in five or six years, top demographers （人口统计学家）said.
The new one-child policy is expected to go into 2 in some provincial regions in the first quarter of 2014, said Yang Wenzhuang of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, adding that health and family planning authorities at 3 levels are conducting risk 4 for the policy. They are still calculating the number of such couples and their situations before specific regulations are 5 by provincial peoples' congresses, the official said.
The State Council argues adjustment to the policy in the face of a steadily 6 birth rate and changing demographics.The birth rate has remained 7 low and shows a tendency to fall further. The rate has 8 to between 1.5 and 1.6 since the 1990s, which means each Chinese woman of child-bearing age gives birth to 1.5 to 1.6 children on average. The working population began to drop in 2012 by 3.45 million 9 , and it is likely to fall by 8 million each year after 2023.
"If the current family planning policy 10 , the birth rate will continue to fall and lead to a sharp drop of the total population after reaching a peak," said Li Bin, minister in 11 of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, when briefing law makers.
"It is the right time to make changes. The low birth rate is stable, the working population still large and the 12 of supporting the elderly remains relatively light," she said.
An increase in births is expected if the policy changes but will not seriously affect the food supply, public education, healthcare or employment, Li said. China's food safety and public service schemes are designed to meet the needs of 1.43 billion population in 2020 and 1.5 billion in 2033. 13 with the policy change, the total population will not 14 1.38 billion in 2015, Li said. Family planning must continue, since a large population remains a major obstruction to realizing comprehensive, balanced and 15 development.
1. A relaxation B increase C establishment D realization
2. A being B existence C force D reality
3. A social B various C local D national
4. A assessment B investigation C negotiation D discussion
5. A proposed B approved C appreciated D estimated
6. A growing B declining C remaining D leaping
7. A respectively B especially C comparatively D remarkably
8. A jumped B fell C changed D dropped
9. A averagely B swiftly C slowly D annually
10. A resists B reserves C persists D conserves
11. A charge B memory C honor D name
12. A money B profit C burden D benefit
13. A Because C Though C But D Even
14. A over B access C assume D exceed
15. A substantial B sustainable C considerable D considerate
练习题二 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. What is the ＿＿＿＿(arrive) time of MU586? 2. My mother ＿＿＿＿(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 3.The children ＿＿＿＿(water) the flowers and ＿＿＿＿(collect) eggs on the farm three days. 4. I ＿＿＿＿(find) my ruler in my desk five minutes ago. 5. Shanghai is one of the most modern ＿＿＿＿(city) in the world. 6. I have ＿＿＿＿(many) books than you. 7. In Shanghai there are a lot of tall ＿＿＿＿(build). 二、选择最恰当的答案 1. He comes from ＿＿＿＿Asian country and ＿＿＿＿Asian country is far away from ours. A. a; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an 2. There are over ＿＿＿＿people at the square, waiting for the New Year to come. A. three thousand B. three thousands C. thousands of D. three thousand of 3. It ＿＿＿＿the workers about half a year ＿＿＿＿the bridge. A. spent; to build B. spent; in building C. took; to build D. took; in building 4. -＿＿＿＿country is to the east of China? -Japan is. A. What B. How many C. Which D. Where 5. -Does Tim stay at home or go out to play at weekends? -＿＿＿＿. A. Yes, he does. B. He stays at home. C. Yes, he stays at home. D. No, he doesn’t stay at home. 6. Do you like travelling to ＿＿＿＿by air? A. other place B. other places C. others place D. others places 7. -How long will you stay in Beijing this summer holiday? -＿＿＿＿three weeks. A. In B. For C. At D. On 8. My father is leaving for Guilin ＿＿＿＿March 8. A. in B. at C. of D. on 三、根据所给要求，改写下列句子。 1. Tom read an interesting book at home.（改为否定句） Tom ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿an interesting book at home. 2. It is two hours’ bus ride from our school to the Bund.（对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿is it from your school to the Bund? 3. Mr. Peter has already bought several bags for his wife.（对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Mr. Peter bought for his wife? 4. The people in America like drinking coffee. （对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿do the people in America like ＿＿＿＿? 5. It took us about three days to travel from Shanghai to Bangkok by ship.（改为同意句） We ＿＿＿＿about three days ＿＿＿＿from Shanghai to Bangkok by ship. 四、完成对话 A. We’re also going to have a barbecue. B. Peter, it’ll be Tim’s birthday next Saturday.
Grammar Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Since early times, people (25) ______ (fascinate) by the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, scientists believe that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw other evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even (26) ______ (near) in our own solar system. One place scientists are studying closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Space probe has provided evidence (27) ______ Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probe has also made scientists think that under its surface is a rocky core (地核) (28) ______ (give) off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions (29) ______ (need) for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe that there may be such lyi ng at the bottom of Europa’s ocean. They may already create life or may be about to. You may wonder (30) ______ light is also needed for life to form. Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now places have been found on earth, (31) ______ are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface. And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there. So the lack of light in Europa’s sub-surface ocean doesn’t automatically rule out life forming. (B) Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However, some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (32) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can serve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (33) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless. However, you (34) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refuse to let others in. Starting off with (35) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough. (36) ______ you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there. Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk.
2017上海高考英语一模语法填空汇总
2017年高三英语一模汇编——语法新题型 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A My life on an Island we live on the island of Hale. it's about four kilometers long and two kilometers wide at its broadest point, and it is joined to the mainland by a causeway (21) _______(call) Stand---a narrow road built across the mouth of the river (22) ________ separates us from the rest of the country. Most of the time you wouldn’t know we are on an island because the river mouth between us and the mainland is just a vast stretch of tall grasses and brown mud. But when there is high tide and the water rises a half meter or so above the road and nothing can pass (23) _________the tide goes out again a few hours later, then you know it’s an island. We were on our way back (24) _________ the mainland. My older brother, Dominic, had just finished his first in university in a town 150km away. Dominic’s train was due in at five and he’d asked for a lift back from the station. Now,
A One of the first questions young children ask is “why?”is human nature to want to find out why things are the way they are. You can find out “why” by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for experiment. For example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, insects keep destroying them. Someone tells you that putting large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colors of cloth keep insects away?”Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to plant different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, regular intervals, you would observe and record and note the plant had any insects damage. This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth keep away insects.” Or you may find that the answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue, but not yellow cloth.”……you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in your own life. 1. that/it 2, an 3, but 4, at 5, whether 6, that 7whatever B There is a photo (hang) above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to the end of the school year. I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days earlier, I (qualify) for the finals of the 100 metres. Now looking around, I was determined (win). While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I took some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the (start) signal was given and I set off down the track. I ran as fast as I could. I could hear the crowd shouting excitedly, but the noise seemed very far away. By the time I crossed the line I was so exhausted that I could hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result (announce), I realize I had won! （excite）, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face. “ Well done! ” said the Headmaster later, when I (present) with the winner’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life.
1. Getting a good night sleep is directly related ____ not only how we feel next day but our long-term health as well. A. in B. from C. through D. to 2. — Would you like steak or chicken? —____. I’m full now. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 3. Scientists are trying to develop a soya-based fuel for cars, which ____one day replace petrol. A. must B. should C. would D. may 4. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost twice ______. A. as many B. as much C. so much D. so many 5. I’m sure that your letter _______ immediate attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply. A. will get B. gets C. has got D. is getting 6. _________ flying is more expensive than land and sea travel, I went there by air to save time. A. Even though B. If C. As D. In case 7. We can never expect a bluer sky ________ we create a less polluted world. A. until B. if C. unless D. when 8. —Would you please keep quiet, Sally? The weather forecast _______. —Oh, I’m sorry I didn’t realize it. A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast 9. _________by many different kinds of dancing, Martha Graham developed her own personal dance style. A. Influencing B. Influenced C. To Influence D. Be influenced 10. It will be sad not to see you during the Christmas holiday ______families get together A. before B. when C. that D. since 11. It cost me a fortune，but I don’t regret ______ a year traveling around the world. A. to spend B. to be spending C. spending D. spent 12 Around 15,000 officials gathered in Copenhagen, trying to map out an effective strategy ____ the battle against climate change. A. to win B. will win C. winning D. won 13. Liu Xiang’s performance at the Shanghai Golden Grand Prix has told his fans a fact _______ he has been back on winning track. A. when B. that C. whether D. which 14. — How was the televised concert last night? —Terrific! Rarely _______ such a large audience. A. a concert attracted B. did a concert attract C. a concert did attract D. attracted a concert 15. The local government plans to bring in new laws ______ parents to take more responsibility for their children’s education. A. forced B. forcing C. force D. having forced 16. Many people in the city wonder _____the city officials have the information they need to solve the problem. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 17. No one could keep calm ______ such an occasion when big applause burst again and again. A. for B. in C. on D. to 18. You can take ______ half of the turkey. They are of the same weight and price. A. both B. either C. neither D. any 19. In Scotland the last day of the year is the most important holiday for the winter, ______ Christmas. A. as important as B. less important than C. much important than D. more important than 20. —Did you enjoy last night’s performance? —Yes, although Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony ______ rather poorly. A. was playing B. was being played C. was played D. played
2019届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--语法 填空 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、用单词的适当形式完成短文 Chinese actress Fan Bingbing has been fined for tax evasion, state media reported. It is the first public pronouncement about the star 1．she mysteriously disappeared from public view in June. According to state-run news agency Xinhua, Fan has been ordered to pay almost $130 million, after she misreported how much money she2．(receive) for certain film projects, using so-called "yin-yang contracts" to conceal3．the authorities her true remuneration (薪酬) and avoid millions of dollars in taxes. Fan and companies related to her were ordered to pay around $42 million in late taxes and fees, along with a fine of $86 million. Because she was 4．first-time offender, the government said criminal charges would not be filed against her if she pays all the money by an undisclosed deadline, Xinhua reported. Fan's disappearance from public view sparked widespread speculation 5．she had been detained by the authorities. Xinhua said she had been under investigation by tax authorities in Jiangsu province, but 6．didn't provide any details on her current whereabouts. In a letter 7．(post) on social media, Fan, 37, apologized profusely and repeatedly to the public and government. "As a public figure, I should have abided by laws and regulations, and been a role model in the industry and society," she said. "I shouldn't have lost self-restraint or become lax in managing my companies, 8．led to the violation of laws, in the name of economic interests." "Without the favorable policies of the Communist Party and state, without the love of the people, there 9．have been no Fan Bingbing," she added. Her case was clearly designed as a warning to other high profile celebrities, with the State Administration of Taxation saying it had launched a campaign 10．(recover) all back taxes in the entertainment industry. Of the many factors that contribute to poor performance on standardized tests like the SAT, nerves and exhaustion, surprisingly, 11．not rank very high. In fact, according to a new
2017上海高考英语语法填空解题点拨 2017上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。试题结构由原来的A，B2篇16分改变成一篇10分。继续体现了“重词汇，轻语法”的思想，但语法还是在整个高中英语教学和测试中起着重要作用。 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对动词、形容词副词等形式变化的掌握程度。 技巧一：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气、情态动词)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法知识进行一次全面复习。 例1： A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。 知识体系： 时态：考纲要求的11种时态 谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态be+过去分词 动词情态动词 动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动 非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动 现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动 分词 过去分词 技巧二：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。形容词、分词在上海试卷中只改变比较级最高级。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词加more／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。 例3：I am (tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class． 此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
5A复习题 一：辨音题，相同的用T,不同的用F 1：many bad ( ) 2:mother some ( ) 3:teacher tree ( ) 4: hand apple ( ) 5:nice nose 6:wall what( ) 7:first her ( ) 8: rubbish rubber ( ) 9:son sun ( ) 10 happy many ( ) 11 panda purple ( ) 12 along purple ( ) 二：找出发音和其他不同的一个 1:（）A:sharp B:class C:are D:cup 2:( ) A:that B: thin C:those D: they 三：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1:Kitty often ___________(watch) TV in the evening. Now she _____________(not do) her homework. 2:Both __________(lady) are our _____________(teacher) 3:__________(that) lights are bright. ___________(not write) in the darkness. 4:---Is there ________(some) milk in the glass? --Yes, there is __________(some) 5:Don’t eat now. please wash your hands ___________(first) 6:_____________(not be) afraid. Let _________(we) help you. 7:Turn left at the first zebra____________(cross) 8:Kitty __________(go) to the cinemanow, but she usually _________(do) her homework. 9:Tom _________(want)__________(turn) right at Park Street. 10:--_________ your mother _________(like) films? --Yes, she _________(see) films every week. 11:---What ______ the childen __________(do) now? --They __________________(listen) to the radio. 12: My birthday is on the ______________(twenty) of March. 13: My bedroom ________(face) to the south. There _______(be) a lot of sunshine. 14: Can you finish ___________(do) your homework first? It is too late. 15 : Don’t drink too _________(many) coffee. It is good for your health. 16: In winter, the wind _______(blow) strongly. The windmill moves __________(quick) 17: listen to the weather. We have a ________( strong) wind today. 18:I can see _____(5) boys. The ________(5) boy is my good friend. 19:-- Can ben ______(help) old people? Yes, he can help them. 20. My cousin never _______(fly) the kite in the park on Saturday. He can’t _______(fly) the kite. 21. _________(that ) lights are bright. _____________(not write) in the darkness. 22. look, the children __________(visit) ocean world. 四：改写句子 1：The Zhangs are going to Ocean World.(对划线部分提问) 2:There are some ugly ducklings in the river.（改为单数句） 3:The dolphins are swimming. The dolphins are jumping.（改为选择疑问句）
上海高考英语语法填空解题技巧 上海高考英语学科改革，推出语法填空新题型．这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚2014至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。本人就这种题型进行了分析，总结出十条语法填空的解题技巧。 一、已给单词提示题型的技巧：此类题可以考查学生对代词、动词、形容词等形式变化的掌握程度。 技巧一：，时态、语态、语气、情态动词)动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(。学生复习时需要花一定的功夫对动词部分的语法不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)有非谓语的变化( 知识进行一次全面复习。1：例是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动．句中的is (give)tomorrow is written by Professor ZhangA talk 动作的承受可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow to be given。者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式—— ：考点聚焦知识体系 时态：考纲要求的11 种时态 谓语动词语态：主动语态和被动语态be+过去分词 动词情态动词 动词不定式一般式、进行式、完成式主动与被动 非谓语动词动名词一般式、完成式主动与被动 现在分词一般式、完成式主动与被动 分词 过去分词 技巧二：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。 例2：The king decided to see the painter by (he)． 由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 考点聚焦知识体系
语法填空 2017上海英语高考改革，语法填空由2014年语法改革后的两篇16空改成一篇10个空，这对同学们把握语篇，在较短时间内完成填空，并有较高的正确率提出了新的要求。在语法填空中要搞清楚几点基本原则： 一、语法填空虽然是语段里填空而不是传统选择，但是考查的内容仍然是基本的语法内容，而不是对上下文语篇的理解，因此无需对文章做深层次的理解，只需从题目所在的单句进行入手。只有个别题目（尤其是状语从句的关联词填空）需要关注上下文的关系。切记，不要因为阅读文章而浪费了时间。一般10道题目需要在8分钟内完成。 二、注意：除了后面括号后给了词，所填的词可能不止一个，其他的一定是一个空一个词，特别要掌握两个或者三个空的介词、连词或者情态动词。如：in case of; in spite of; due to; as well as; so that; in addition to; as long as; even if; as if; have to; ought to等。 三、不少同学在做题时将所给词改变了词性，这是万万不可的【除了动词加ed/ing】，这也是上海卷的语法填空区别于外地语法填空的明显之处。 四、副词诸如even、almost、often等是不可能填的；同样的在没有给出否定词n ot或者never的情况下，自己是不能添加的。比如有的同学填can’t 是不可能的。 五、一定要学会句子成分的划分，不仅可以用于语法填空也可以用于小猫钓鱼的词汇填空。尤其是在需要填写动词形式的题目中。 六、动词单复数形式要利用好，很多时候可以判定所填的词是否正确。如：Even a small amount, he says, _______ make a person sick. 七、注意助动词，如2014年倒装句; 过渡词如however, instead, moreover等词也可能考查。 八、有些固定词组搭配中介词可要可不要，如果填写在空格中，介词一定不能带入。如： … (in) doing, be busy (in) doing, prevent …(from) doing.