高三二轮复习代词导学案
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海兴中学高三英语二轮专题复习--代词与介词精练1、It is easy to do the repair, ____ you need is a hammer and some nails.A、somethingB、allC、bothD、everything2、The population of China is larger than _____ of Japan.A、thisB、thatC、thoseD、these3、We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.So Peter made ____ from some wood we had.A、itB、oneC、himselfD、an other4、Of the five men one is from Japan,and ____ are from China.A、other fourB、the other fourC、four othersD、others5、----Was it in 1969 ___ the American astronaut succeeded __ landing on the moon?----Yes,that 'right.A、when;onB、that;onC、which;inD、that;in6、Both teams were in hard training ____ w as willing to lose the game.A、eitherB、neitherC、anotherD、the other7、I don 'tthink ____ of the young couple was pleased to see us.They had gone away when wereached their house.A、noneB、eitherC、neitherD、any8、----Who could do a thing like this?---- ___ but my brother ,1 'm afraid.A、AnyoneB、NobodyC、EverybodyD、Some one9、____ to the con cert tomorrow.A、All but he and I am goingB、All but he and I are goingC、All but he and me are goingD、All but his and me am going10、T he desks we use today are much better than ___ we used five years ago.A、whichB、thoseC、theseD、them11、He came back from the market with a piece of meat in ___ hand and some fish in ____ .A、on e;a no therB、the on e;the otherC、the on e;a no therD、on e;the other12、The twins look so much like each other that you can 'tell which is ________ .A、whoB、whomC、whichD、that13、Few pleasures can equal ___ of a cool drink on a hot day.A、someB、anyC、thatD、those14、I won 'pay $300 for the table,it ' not worth _____ .A、very muchB、at allC、such muchD、all that much15、He 'sgoing to ___ , ____ to take this own measure.A、tailor 's;not Smith 'B、the tailor 's;not the Smiths'C、the tailor ';not the Smith 'D、tailors ';not Smiths'1——5BBBBD 6----10BBBBB 11----15DCCDB精练二1、Mr. Alcott,headmaster of the school,refused to accept ___ of the three suggestions,made bythe Stude nts'Union.A、eitherB、neitherC、anyD、none2、Which apple do you want? _____ will do.A、AnyB、EveryC、SomeD、Only one3、The party last month really gave me a lot of fun.So Mr. James,ca n we have ___ this mon th?A、anotherB、oneC、itD、other4、Living and working in the relay station(转播台)has some problems you can't imagine, getti ngwater is not the least.A、from whichB、in whichC、of whichD、by which5、The two boys are very much alike,I can 'tell ___ from the ______ .A、them;oneB、one;anotherC、another;oneD、one;other6、___ us was interested in that book.Probably it was the worst one that we had ever seen.A、No oneB、None oneC、Not allD、Not all the7、I agree with most of what you said,but I don 'agree with _____ .A、everythingB、anythingC、somethingD、nothing8、Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge .I can 'remember _______ .A、whereB、thereC、whichD、that9、 ___ do you think of his suggestion?A、WhomB、HowC、WhichD、What10、_____________________________________________________________________________ N o agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _____________ .A、the otherB、any otherC、anotherD、other11、_______________________________ Fran kly speak in g,I ' rather you anything about it for the time being.A、did n 'doB、have n'tdo neC、don 'doD、have done12、----One week ' time has been wasted----1 can 'believe we did all that work for _______A、somethingB、nothingC、everythingD、anything13、_____________________________ W hen he arrived,he found the aged and the sick at home.A、none butB、none other thanC、nothing butD、no other than14、_________________________________________________________ Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________________________ ,of course,made the others un happy.A、whoB、whichC、thisD、what15、There were _____ people and cars in the street,as it was late at night.A、someB、a fewC、fewD、little1——5CAACD 6----10BACDA 11---15ABABC精练三1、Let's walk over _____ the sun on the other side of the street.A、inB、toC、underD、by2、Children get presents ___ Christmas and _____ their birthdays.A、on;atB、at;onC、in;atD、by;on3、We didn 'tfinish the work on time.That got us _____ all kinds of difficultyes.A、/B、intoC、out ofD、off4、Mary was tired ___ walking,and so was her mother.A、withB、ofC、onD、in5、Nine ___ ten students in our class are League members.A、outB、ofC、inD、from6、We finished the work just in time, ____ their help.A、becauseB、as a resultC、thanks forD、thanks to7、The new cloth with coloured desig ns is sold ____ metres or ___ the yard.A、by;inB、in;byC、in;inD、by;by8、He is quite wrong,but he is your own brother _____ .A、at allB、first of allC、above allD、after all9、----You look beautiful ____ the red skirt.——Thank you,and it surely looks wonderful ____ you.A、on;inB、in;onC、with;withD、at;at10、Though Joy Zhou is popular _____ t eenagers,his songs are not known ______ m e.A、by;toB、to;byC、among;forD、with;to11、__________________ The English play my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.A、for whichB、at whichC、in whichD、on which12、______________________________________ The doctors tried to laugh my mother her fears about her coming operation.A、fromB、againstC、offD、into13、----May I attend your lecture Mr. Green?——Welcome ___ ope n arms.A、withB、byC、inD、for14、___________________________________________________ I found the island an ideal place for our experiments ____________________________________ the hot weather.A 、besidesB 、except forC 、exceptD 、except that15、 _______________________________________________________ She is such an irritatingwoman,l don 'tknow how you can ___________________________ her.A 、put upB 、stand up toC 、stand withD 、put up with1——5ABBBC 6——10DBDBD 11----15CCABD精练四1、We offered him our congratulations _____ his passing the college entrance exams.A 、atB 、 onC 、forD 、of 2、 When the plane suddenly took off,all the people ____ felt surprised and frightened,A 、on planeB 、by planeC 、on the boardD 、on board3、 If you keep on,you ' succeed ____ .A 、in timeB 、 at one timeC 、at the same timeD 、 on time4、 The doctor will be free ____ .A 、10 minutes laterB 、after 10 minutesC 、in 10 minutesD 、10 minutes after5、Books are the most important records we keep ______ man's thought,ideas and feelings.A 、upB 、toC 、ofD 、on6、Chin a's Olympic gold medalist Liu Xia ng stre ngthe ned his status as world 'fastest hurdler aconvincing (令人信服)victory over Allen Johnson in Yokohama,Japan.D 、with C 、Because what D 、Of what_a teacher is to help the stude nts to become better learners.A 、forB 、byC 、asD 、with9、 ____ two exams to worry about,I have to work really hardthis weekend.A 、WithB 、BesidesC 、As forD 、Because of10、 _________________________________________ The accide nt is reported to have occurred the first Sun day in February.A 、atB 、onC 、inD 、to11、 _________________________Daddy was really crossme when I broke the window. A 、with B 、to C 、from D 、for12、 ______________________________________________________ J ohn and Jenny are of the same age,but John is taller ____________________________________ a head.A 、thanB 、withC 、byD 、over13、 You can 'wear a blue jacket , that shirt —it 『look terrible.A 、forB 、byC 、from7、 ----1 was tired,father.----Tired? ______ ?A 、For whichB 、For what? 8、 I feel that one of my main dutiesA、onB、aboveC、upD、over14、I know the woman ___ name.A、ofB、byC、inD、with15、Some of the rules of the school are not _____ our liking.A、forB、inC、ofD、to1——5BDACC 6——10DDCAB 11---15ACDBD。
高三英语复习教案与训练三-代词一、教学目标1.让学生掌握代词的种类及用法。
2.培养学生正确使用代词进行句子填空和改写的能力。
3.提高学生英语写作和阅读水平。
二、教学内容1.代词的种类:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词等。
2.代词的用法及注意事项。
3.代词在句子中的应用。
三、教学重点与难点1.教学重点:代词的种类及用法。
2.教学难点:代词的正确运用和句子改写。
四、教学过程1.导入通过一个简单的例子引入代词的概念,让学生了解代词的作用和重要性。
2.代词的种类及用法讲解人称代词:第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。
物主代词:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
指示代词:this、that、these、those。
疑问代词:who、whom、whose、which、what。
关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that。
不定代词:some、any、every、no、all、both、neither、either、none、one、ones、other、another、somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody、somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody等。
3.代词用法举例分析通过例句让学生了解不同代词的用法和注意事项。
4.代词练习设计一些代词填空题和改写句子的练习,让学生在实际应用中巩固所学知识。
五、教学实例1.导入实例A:What'sthis?B:Thisisabook.2.代词用法实例人称代词:Heismyfriend.物主代词:Thisismybook.指示代词:Thatisapen.疑问代词:Whoishe?关系代词:Themanwhoisstandingthereismyteacher.不定代词:Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.3.代词填空题实例Ihave__________friends.__________ofthemareverykindtome.Ilike__________verymuch.4.改写句子实例原句:Hegavemeabook.改写:Hegave__________abook.六、教学评价1.课后作业:布置一些代词相关的练习题,让学生巩固所学知识。
2010高考二轮复习英语教案专题二代词和数词【专题要点】纵览代词和数词要点归纳如下:1.反身代词的用法;2.替代词it,one that的用法辨析;3.不定代词another,others,the others的用法;的主要用法;修饰名词时的位置;6.倍数的表示方法;7.数字运算的表示法;8.基数词表示人的岁数和年代的表达法【考纲要求】代词是高考英语中一个十分重要的考点,其中主要涉及不定代词的用法与解析(约占所有代词考点的90%以上)。
另外,代词it (包括it 的非代词用法)也是一个比较重要的考点。
其它诸如人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、物主代词、相互代词等,由于用法简单,则相对考的较少;若偶尔考查,也主要涉及其特殊用法或固定搭配代词在具体的语境中运用起来往往具有很大的灵活性,高考英语试题对代词的考查更是灵活多变。
各地在对单项选择的语法考查中对代词则百考不“厌”。
分析各类考题尤其是高考题,可以看出对代词的考查一直是一个热点,且考查手法更加灵活,要求更高,所以在2010年高考中,代词仍将为考查的热点。
考纲要求重点掌握不定代词one, the one, ones, the ones与指示代词this, that, these, those, it 的用法区别、代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语(例如help oneself, please yourself, by (for, of)oneself, enjoy oneself等将会是未来高考的命题重点对于it的用法考纲要求重点掌握:1. it/that/one用法区别(it主要指代前面提到的同一物;one用来指代前面出现的单数名词,相当于a/an+单数名词,表泛指概念,往往是同类而同一物;that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词,相当于the+单数/不可数名词)2. it用在某些动词后,如:enjoy,like,dislike,resent,hate,don’t mind,be fond of,feel like,see to 之后, 即这些动词后面的宾语从句前要加it代替其后的从句3.用于强调句或固定句型(it is/was …when/since/before…)中4. 作形式宾语或形式主语(主要代替ving,to do或从句)5. 考查it 构成的习语,it也常表示抽象的情况,属于虚指. 如:Take it easy.对于数词考纲要求只要把握倍数、年代、年龄、分数、百分数等的表达法即可,近几年对数词的考查较少【教法指引】在引导学生复习备考中对于代词的复习,要求教师把握重点、考点,重点复习不定代词和it的用法,强化学生的辨析、综合运用能力,根据近几年高考试题来看,it一直是考查的重点,尤其是it, that 和one不同的指代功能。
第4讲代词近几年高考在代词上主要考查其基本用法,相对比较简单。
考生在解题时要根据语意语境去判断人称和数,要认真阅读上下文,看清指代对象,并注意分析其成分以确定代词的格。
未来高考对代词的考查仍将侧重其基本用法,且会加强语境的复杂性。
考点感悟语法填空语法填空中对代词的考查侧重于对人称代词、物主代词、反身代词及替代词和it的考查。
感1.(2019·浙江杭州外国语学校高三月考)________ (it) is difficult to figure out where the miners are and reach them in time.答案:It 此处it是形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,故答案为It。
短文改错短文改错中主要考查代词的指代错误、代词数与格的误用,人称代词与反身代词的误用及物主代词、不定代词的错用等。
感1.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment ..._____________________答案:yourselves→themselv es 此处指代主语customers,要用themselves。
语法填空2.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________ (they) alive.答案:them 跟在动词find后作宾语,故应用人称代词的宾格形式。
3.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________ (it) mother.答案:its 修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词。
高三英语二轮复习导学案词汇复习(第一课时)【预习案】课前自主学习1.复习、检测考纲词汇2.基于篇章的题型训练。
(1)语法填空(精选语篇改编)(2)短文改错(精选语篇设题)(3)完形填空(精选语篇挖空)【探究案】1.重点考纲词汇的复习(1)词性转换及构词法★confuse【探究】confuse的名词词形:【拓展】请写出下列动词的名词形式,把它们归在正确的小组内celebrate collect possess separate decide revise discuss impress express conclude protect divide direct suggest--tion:--sion:--ssion:★ punish【探究】对应的形容词:→该形容词的反义词:【拓展】平时做题中见到的表示反义的前缀、后缀还有什么?请写出下列单词添加否定前、后缀的变化( — ) advantage like appear approve agree( — ) lucky like fortunate( — ) understand leading fortune( — ) possible polite patient( — ) legal logical( —) regular( —) correct(—)valuable hopeful home useful helpful worth★ complete【探究】副词:【拓展】注意以“e”结尾的形容词变成副词时的拼写:absolute→ separate→ safe→ brave→immediate→ extreme→ private→ late→fortunate→ sure→simple→ possible→ probable→ terrible→ gentle→true→(2)一词多义、一词多性★up to【探究】请判断下列例句(1-6)中up to的含义并与下面例句(a-f)中含有的相似含义进行匹配1.He counted up to a hundred.()2.The water came up to his knees.()3.Up to now, the work has been easy.()4.What are you up to?()5.He’s not up to the job.()6.It’s up to you to decide. ( )a. The girl is qualified for what she is doing.b. The room can hold as many as 10 students.c. You decide where we should go.d. Up till now, I have known nothing about the plan.e. She is busy with her work.f. It has reached a high level.★ book【用法】基础词汇book是什么词性、什么词义?【拓展】名词动用的词还能记得哪些?体会下列例句中划线单词词义、词性1. He telephoned the travel agency to book three air tickets to London. _______2. Madam,could you be kind enough to show me a book which contains the ABC of computer,please? _________3.(2014 辽宁)“Your working uniform is your shelter,” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you.”4.(2009湖北)Some parents are just too protective. They want to shelter their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.5.(2013 安徽)To avoid germs ( 病菌) in public ,use the toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle.6.(2008湖北)As nobody here knows what’s wrong with the machine, we must s end for an engineer to handle the problem.7. With Dad away ,Mum had to shoulder the burden of the family . ___8.Don’t you think this sweater is too tight across the shoulder? ____9. I don’t know the girl caught in the storm. _______10.Three soldiers stormed into the room. _______还能想出其它的例子吗?★key【用法】key都有什么词义,请写出下列句子中key一词的含义1. T he key being lost, the boy couldn’t enter his house.2. The gap between rural and urban education in China is widening, and education is thekey to solving rural problems.3. Maybe if I get my grades up at school, I can enter the key university.4.After thinking for long, I found the key to the question.【拓展】还能想到哪些单词也是这样有多重含义的呢?分析下列例句中相同单词的不同含义1. Remember to stick a stamp on the envelope before you post it. ______2. Once he makes a promise, he will stick to it. ______3. Finding the keeper coming with a stick in hand, we escaped. ______4. When reaching there, the postman found the door locked and then stopped to stick the letter under it.5.It was getting dark; I found a car stuck in a pool by the side of the road. _____6.Some of the workers are on march while others are on strike ______.7. The church clock began to strike twelve. _______8.When I was at a loss, the thought of traveling abroad did strike me. ____9.All of us still remember the terrible earthquake that struck Tangshan twenty years ago. _______10.We couldn’t help being struck by the beautiful scenery of the Great Wall. ________(3)词组辨析★ take 短语【探究】请用介、副词(in/on/off/up)填空。
2020高考英语二轮复习代词代词班级______________ 姓名______________ 小组_____________A、代词分类B、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词:一、人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中作主语、表语等成分,宾格在句中作动词和介词宾语、同位语等成分,有时也可作表语。
不仅指人,也可指物,有人称和数的变化。
二、物主代词1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,必须与所指的名词在人称、数和性别方面保持一致。
如:The waiters offered their food to the homeless man.【注意】单数阳性名词和单数阴性名词连用作主语时,如果前面有every,each修饰,谓语动词用单数,代词用his。
如:Each boy and each girl wants to lend his raincoat to the soldiers.2. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能作名词或动词-ing形式的定语。
e.g. This is our classroom.Would you mind my opening the window?3. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可单独作主语、宾语、表语。
此外,名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用,构成双重所有格。
如:This is her coat. Mine is over there.Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.三、反身代词1. 反身代词通常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, seat, dress, express, amuse, behave等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。
如:He was left at home by himself the whole day yesterday.2. 反身代词可以作主语的同位语,主要起加强语气的作用,意为“亲自,本人,亲身”。
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词导学案【学习目标】1、理解人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的基本用法2、学会运用人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法【自学指导】Fill in the form人称代词【展示点拨】Give us the show人称代词分为: 第一,第二,第三人称,而且有________________之分人称代词分为主格和宾格1. 主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后)我是一个学生__________________________________ 我哥哥比我高__________________________________ 2. 宾格一般位于动词与介词之后。
如:…for me/ to him / ask them 等我父亲给我一本书__________________________________ 【合作探究】Fill in the blanks_________________ am a teacher._________________ are student._________________ is a student, too._________________ are students.人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to __________ (I)Pass ________ (he) the book.Tell _________ (she) the story.Listen to _______ (they).物主代词【展示点拨】Show in the class数单数复数人称类别第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词意思我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的物主代词性质特点:1.英语物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。
2.物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词起_____________的作用,不能单独使用,在句中只能作_________,后面一定要跟一个___________;名词性物主代词相当于一个_________,不能用在_________之前,可单独使用.总结:名词性物主代词 = __________________ + __________________ 【拓展提高】物主代词用法:1. 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。
代词【考纲解读】代词是高中英语的难点,又是高考的重点和热点。
英语中的代词种类繁多,有人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词等。
主要考点:1。
代词的分类;2。
人称代词的格,物主代词的用法;3。
指示代词、不定代词和相互代词的用法.今后高考对代词的考查将继续沿着两条主线前进:加强语境的真实性和复杂性,注意人称代词和物主代词的语境判别;加强对语义较丰富、语法较复杂的不定代词的考查.【预习导学】一、人称代词形式句法功能主格________________________________主要用作主语,有时用作表语宾格_________________________________作动词或介词的宾语;口语中常用宾格作表语①She was beautiful and could run faster than others。
她(那时)很美并且比其他人跑得快。
②Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy.让我迎接挑战,我会欣然接受。
二、物主代词形式句法功能形容词性物主代词_________________________________作定语名词性作主语、宾语他邀请了他的一些朋友参加宴会.三、反身代词那个孩子饶有兴趣地看着镜子里的自己.名师指津含有反身代词的习惯用语:by oneself 独自地 for oneself 亲自come to oneself 苏醒;恢复知觉 dress oneself 自己穿衣behave oneself 举止规矩有礼 devote oneself to 致力于apply oneself to 专心致志于 help oneself to 随便吃/用enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座,入座make yourself at home 别客气 teach oneself 自学adapt/ adjust oneself to 适应于四、指示代词guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点①The quality of education in this small school is better than that in s ome larger schools.(2015·天津高考单选)这所规模很小的学校的教学质量比有些规模较大的学校的教学质量还要好。
高三英语代词的复习教案教学目的:1.了解代词在句子中的作用和性质。
2.复习基本的代词类型及其用法。
3.提高学生对代词的辨析能力和灵活运用能力。
教学重点:1.掌握表示人称、物称、指示意义的代词及其用法。
2.了解反身代词和不定代词的用法和特点。
教学难点:1.学生对代词进行错误使用的情况较多,需要加强纠正和训练。
2.不同类型的代词容易混淆,需引导学生掌握其特点。
教学方法:1.具体实例教学2.课堂互动讨论3.个人和小组练习教学内容:第一部分:代词的作用和性质1.代词的基本作用:代替名词,在句子中充当名词的作用,避免重复。
例如:Li Ming loves his dog. He plays with his dog every day. (名词繁琐重复)Li Ming loves his dog. He plays with it every day. (代词避免重复)2.代词的性质:除了不定代词外,其他代词都具有用法限制,是一类具有特殊用法的词汇。
例如:You shouldn’t use “ he ” to refer to a female.(他不能用来指女性)第二部分:代词的分类和用法1.人称代词人称代词是代替人名或代替人类或其他动物时使用的代词。
包括第一人称(I, we, me, us), 第二人称(you), 第三人称(he, she, it, they)。
例如:He is a student. (他是学生)They are from America.(他们来自美国)注意:1.第三人称代词在性别、人和数方面有所不同,需要注意使用。
例如:This is my sister and I love ____.(her) (不是我)This is a car. ____ is very fast. (It)2.I 和 me 的用法我与我之间,用 I;我与人之间,用 me。
例如:John and ____ are good friends.(I)(我和 John 很好)This is a present for you and ____ . (me) (给你和我的礼物)3.物主代词物主代词用来表示“谁的”,即代表物主的名(代)词。
XX届高考英语代词第二轮备考复习教案卫辉一中XX届高三二轮备考抓分点透析之英语代词【XX年高考命题预测】高考对代词的考查主要集中在不定代词上,具体体现在1、考查他们在特定结构中的用法;2、考查他们在具体语境中的意义和功能。
此外,it的用法也是高考代词考查的热点。
据此认为XX年对代词的考查依然集中在不定代词的用法区别及it的用法。
【重难点突破】【概述】代词是代替名词的词,它分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词等。
分类用法人称代词★不仅指人,也可指物主格:I,we,you,he,she,it,they,宾格:me,us,you,him,her,it,them.主格作主语,宾格作宾语Sheisourteacher.Ioftenhelphimwithhismath.★口语中,人称代词宾格常用作表语whoisthere?It’sme.2.人称代词在句子中的顺序单:第二人称+第三人称+第一人称you+he/she+Iyou,heandIareinthesameclassroom.复:第一人称+第二人称+第三人称we+you+theywe,youandtheyareallchinese.3.glasses,sunglasses,boots等复数形式的词单独:动词用复数,对应代词they或them mytrousersareoverthereandtheyaredirty.与量词一起:动词用单数,对应代词they或themIfyoufindapairofscissorsinthedrawer,passthemtome.4.as和than之后的人称代词as和than之后的人称代词,作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格;但在非正式语体中,或带有all,both时,通常用宾格。
ShespeaksEnglishaswellasme.(非正式)Heistallerthanusall.5.it用法:①表示无生命、已提到过的事物whosecoatisthis?It’smine.②性别不祥的幼儿或小动物whatabeautifulbaby!Isitaboy?③指“那个人”whoisitatthedoor?It’sthepostman.④无人称主语或宾语(天气、时间、距离等)It’sraining.It’stwentymilesfromheretoShanghai.物主代词形容词性物主代词:my,our,your,his,her,its,their 名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs★.形容词性物主放在名词前,不可单独使用。
高三二轮复习代词导学案一.考纲陈述代词是语法结构中的重要一环,代词是用来起替代作用的。
经常出现在高考试题中的代词有:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词,指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。
近几年来对代词的考查比较多,代词的漏用、误用;各种人称代词的主格、宾格形式;某些不定代词、指示代词的特定用法;it的用法;从句中连接代词用法、关系代词的用法及区别等是高考的热点。
非常明显,近五年代词的考查点集中在不定代词及指示代词上,考查角度有两个:一是考查它们相互间的意义和功能差别,如:a11,everything和anything等的意义差别.it that和one不同的指代功能;二是它们之间语法特征的差异,如it(代词)和which(关系代词)的区别。
试题注重了情景干扰,注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系,而且题干的语义结构越来越复杂,正确分析其结构、理解句意在解题中起着很重要的作用。
it的用法考查着重在其作形式宾语或形式主语上,另外一些特定的句型结构也该引起注意,如强调句型以及前面提到的有关句型。
再就是要注意it和定语从句中关系代词which 引导非限制性定词从句代替主句一句话的意思时的区别。
应试高分瓶颈首先要从整体上把握代词的知识,如代词种类的划分:①人称代词;②物主代词:形容词性物主代词,如your;名词性物主代词,如yours;③反身代词;④相互代词;⑤指示代词;⑥不定代词;⑦疑问代词;⑧连接代词(名词性从句);⑨关系代词(定语从句)。
了解各类代词的一般用法,更重要的是,根据上面所介绍的高考热点,要重点掌握几组易混词,尤其是不定代词的用法区别。
不定代词在具体语境中的区别:部分否定与完全否定的区别;特指与泛指;两者与三者或以上;人称代词与关系代词的区别。
做题的关键在于分析透句子的结构,理解语境的要求,达到正确交际目的。
◎命题点1 物主代词◎命题点2 指示代词◎命题点3 疑问代词二.课堂建模1.读一读(知识清单)物主代词可分为形容词性和名词性。
形容词性:my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their名词性:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs.用法:形容词性物主代词作定语;名词性物主代词作主语、宾语和表语。
如:He is my teacher.(宾语)一Whose book is this?一It’s mine (表语)I’ve finished my homework.Have you finished yours?(宾语)He is an old friend of mine (介词宾语)指示代词有this,that,these,those,等。
this,that,these,those的用法:(1)在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
如:This is my pen.(主语)Do you want this?(宾语)That book is mine(宾语)What I want is this?(表语)(2)this(these)一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物;而that(those)常指时间和空间上较远的人或物。
如:This isa penand that is a pencil.These days we are very busy.(3)this(there)一般指后面要讲到的事物;而that(those)常指前面讲过的事物。
如:What he told me is this:he wanted to go to Beijing.He didn’t come.That is why he didn’t know.(4)that(those)常用来指前面提到过的名词。
如:This books is not so interesting as that I read yesterday.(that代替the book) 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,whoever,which,whichever,what,whatever.疑问代词一般放在句首,用来构成特殊疑问句,可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
疑问代词的用法比较(1)which 和what的区别:两者均可就人或物提问,但which一般用于有选择范围的情况,what用于无选择范围或不清楚选择范围的情况。
(2)who和whom的区别:who通常作主语和表语,whom作宾语,但在口语中,该用“whom”的地方常用“who”代替,前面有介词的例外。
(3)who与what的区别:who多指姓名、关系等,what多指职业、地位等。
2.讲一讲(重点知识)考点一替代词it;one;that;those;ones1.it特指上文所提到的同一个物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰。
2.one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于a/an+单数名词;ones泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词;the one特指前面的可数名词单数,有时用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);the ones特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用those代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。
3.that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+可数名词单数/不可数名词”;that的复数形式为those,替代可数名词复数,可指人也可指物。
Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldn’t find it. So I had to buy one.昨天我把钢笔弄丢了,并且我没有找到它,因此我不得不买一支。
Mr. Li gave me many valuable presents,ones(many presents)that I had never seen.李先生给了我许多珍贵的礼物,这些是我从来没见过的。
The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.桌上的那些书比桌下的那些好。
2.that和one在多数情况下是不能互换的,主要区别在于:that既可代替可数名词单数,也可代替不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为those;one只能代替可数名词单数,复数形式为ones.当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用one,不用that.当of短语作可数名词单数的后置定语时,用that,不用one.The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan.最好的香烟是来自云南的那些。
The boy told me his story and that of the old man next door.这个男孩儿告诉了我他的故事,还有他隔壁老人的故事。
Your coat is blue,and my new one is red.你的上衣是蓝色的,我的新上衣是红色的。
考点二it的用法1.指代作用。
代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词)或整个句子;可以代指环境、情形等也可代指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。
Although we cannot see it,there is air all around us.It is said that he has gone to Beijing,but it isn’t true.I can’t stand it any longer.It doesn’t matter.It’s getting colder and colder now.2.形式作用。
用作形式主语和形式宾语,而把真正的作主语或宾语的不定式、动名词或从句放在后面。
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious.你必须让他们弄清楚形势严峻。
注意:4.常用it作形式宾语的谓语动词有appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,make(按时到达,成功)等,后接由if或when等引导的从句时,往往在从句前加形式宾语it.I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.如果你能付现金,我将不胜感激。
The boy likes it when you do that.这个男孩儿喜欢你那样做。
3.强调作用。
it可以用在强调句型中,使句子的某一成分得到强调。
强调句型的基本结构为5.It is/was+所强调的成分+that/who+其他成分。
It was on the street that I met Tom.我就是在街上看到汤姆的。
考点三all,both,either,neither,each,none的用法比较1.both(两者都),either(两者中的任何一个),neither(两者都不)。
以上这些词使用范围为两者。
Neither of the two boys is clever.2.both与复数名词连用,either与单数名词连用。
There are flowers on both sides of the street.There are flowers on either side of the street.3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),none(都不)。
以上词使用范围为三者或三者以上。
All the students in my class like our teachers.4.all和both与not 连用表示部分否定;none以及not…any表示全部否定。
All the students don’t like rock music.并不是所有的学生都喜欢摇滚音乐。
5.each可指两者,也可指两者以上。
They each have a car.考点四no,none,nothing,nobody的用法比较1.no不能单独使用,相当于not a或not any,作定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。
He has no worry about safety.2.none既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词of连用,用于回答how many/much引导的疑问句。
—How many people are there in the room?—None.3.nobody指人,用于回答who引导的疑问句;nothing指物,用于回答what引导的疑问句。
—What are you doing?—Nothing.6.考点五another,other,the other,others的用法比较1.another既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。