Akkermansiamuciniphila亚型改善高脂-南方医科大学综合信息门户
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肠道菌群在2型糖尿病发病作用中的研究进展刘海龙;张维华;吴晓康【摘要】2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是一种多病因引起的以高血糖为特征的代谢紊乱疾病,近几十年以来全球范围发病率显著升高,对其预防和治疗也越来越受到关注.肠道菌群是近年来研究的热点之一,大量研究表明肠道菌群与T2DM的发生及其治疗有着密切关系,肠道菌群有望成为改善和治疗T2DM的新方向.该文就近年来T2DM与肠道菌群的相关性、发病机制及治疗研究做一综述.%Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by multifactors.The incidence of type 2 diabetes is gradually increased.Its prevention and treatment are paid more and more attention.Intestinal flora is one of the hot spots in recent years.A large number of studies have shown that intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Intestinal flora is expected to be a new direction for the improvement and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.In this paper,the relationship between type 2 diabetes and intestinal microflora in recent years,pathogenesis and treatment were summarized.【期刊名称】《现代检验医学杂志》【年(卷),期】2017(032)004【总页数】4页(P157-159,164)【关键词】肠道菌群;2型糖尿病【作者】刘海龙;张维华;吴晓康【作者单位】西安交通大学第二附属医院检验科,西安 710004;陕西省人民医院血液科,西安710068;西安交通大学第二附属医院检验科,西安 710004【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R587.1;R4462型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)又称非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病,是以胰岛素抵抗为主要特征的代谢性疾病,约占糖尿病人数的90%以上。
Akkermansia muciniphila 的分离培养及其在不同人群的定植比较研究进展王 磊1,姚 泓1,彭永正2,李嘉雯1,吴希阳1,*(1.暨南大学理工学院食品科学与工程系,广东 广州 510632;2.南方医科大学珠江医院检验医学部,广东 广州 510515)摘 要:Akkermansia muciniphila 是定植在胃肠道黏液层的可特异性降解黏蛋白的革兰氏阴性严格厌氧菌,最先从人体粪便中分离得到。
A. muciniphila 在宿主内腔黏膜表面充当重要角色,调节机体健康,近年来逐渐成为肠道微生态和益生菌研究热点。
本文针对A. muciniphila 最新的基因组信息及其分子生物学鉴定、分型技术以及菌株分离与纯化技术进行综述,探讨了现有的A. muciniphila 培养条件、分离和纯化方法的优缺点,比较其在不同人群肠道定植的差异性,旨在分析菌群移植的可能性,从而深入研究A. muciniphila 的分子作用机制,以期实现新型益生菌的开发。
关键词:Akkermansia muciniphila ;分离;定植;肠道菌群Isolation and Cultivation of Akkermansia muciniphila and Comparison of Its Colonization in Different Populations: A ReviewWANG Lei 1, YAO Hong 1, PENG Yongzheng 2, LI Jiawen 1, WU Xiyang 1,*(1. Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China)Abstract: Akkermansia muciniphila is a strictly anaerobic gram-negative bacterium that can specifically degrade mucin in the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract. It was first isolated from human feces. A. muciniphila plays an important role in promoting host health at the mucosal interface, which has recently become a hot spot in the field of intestinal microecology and probiotics. This paper is focused on summarizing the current state of the art in the genomics, molecular biological identification and typing, and isolation and purification of A. muciniphila . The merits and drawbacks of the existing culture conditions as well as the existing methods for the isolation and purification of A. muciniphila . In addition, we compare the colonization characteristics in different populations of A. muciniphila . The aim of this review is to analyze the possibility of microbiota transplantation, extend the study of the molecular mechanism of action of A. muciniphila and thereby develop new probiotic products.Keywords: Akkermansia muciniphila ; isolation; colonization; intestinal microbiome DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811049中图分类号:Q93-33 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1002-6630(2018)11-0327-07引文格式:王磊, 姚泓, 彭永正, 等. Akkermansia muciniphila 的分离培养及其在不同人群的定植比较研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(11): 327-333. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811049. WANG Lei, YAO Hong, PENG Yongzheng, et al. Isolation and cultivation of Akkermansia muciniphila and comparison of its colonization in different populations: a review[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(11): 327-333. (in Chinese with English abstract) DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811049. 收稿日期:2017-03-16基金项目:广东省科技计划项目(2015A050502030);广州市2017年产学研协同创新重大专项(201605131211517)第一作者简介:王磊(1992—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为功能因子对肠道微生物的影响。
Akkermansia muciniphila对肠黏膜屏障的保护作用及机制研究共3篇Akkermansia muciniphila对肠黏膜屏障的保护作用及机制研究1Akkermansia muciniphila对肠黏膜屏障的保护作用及机制研究近年来,肠道微生物组的研究受到了广泛关注。
肠道微生态平衡的紊乱与多种疾病的发生密切相关,其中肝脏疾病、心血管病、代谢综合征等较为常见。
Akkermansia muciniphila是一种常见的肠道菌群,被认为可以对肠道黏膜屏障有保护作用。
肠道黏膜屏障是肠道内外环境的物理隔离屏障,对于吸收有益物质、防止有害物质进入体内至关重要。
在正常情况下,肠道黏膜屏障可以有效地防止有害物质的进入体内,并维持肠道内环境的相对稳定。
然而,当黏膜屏障受到损伤时,肠道内外环境之间的分界变得模糊,有害物质便有可能进入体内导致不良反应。
Akkermansia muciniphila是一种属于肠道微生物中的细菌。
最近的研究表明,该菌可以保护肠道黏膜屏障不受损伤。
具体来说,Akkermansia muciniphila可以分解肠黏液中的葡萄糖和葡萄糖酸,从而产生丰富的短链脂肪酸,比如丙酸和丁酸,这些脂肪酸能够提供肠道细胞所需的能量,减少黏膜屏障的氧化应激反应,从而有助于保护肠道屏障并促进肠道健康。
此外,研究人员还发现Akkermansia muciniphila可以增加肠道黏膜屏障相关的黏蛋白N-乙酰半乳胺酸(N-Acetylgalactosamine)和粘附分子E-cadherin的表达。
这些蛋白质可以增强肠道黏膜的稳定性,从而保护肠道屏障不受损伤、预防黏膜屏障有化学氧化反应危害及其他类型的黏膜屏障紊乱。
此外,Akkermansia muciniphila在肠道中还有调节免疫系统的功能,它可以减少肠道内的炎症反应,促进益菌的生长,从而有助于维护肠道生态的平衡、抵抗少数有害菌的生长,肠内环境更加平衡。
doi:10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2023.22.1087益生菌Akkermansia muciniphila在肿瘤发生发展及治疗中的作用赵宏慧,王玉栋Research Progress on Role of Probiotic Akkermansia Muciniphila in Oncogenesis, Development and Treatment of TumorZHAO Honghui, WANG YudongDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, ChinaCorrespondingAuthor:WANGYudong,E-mail:*****************.cnAbstract: Although tumor treatment models have been continuously improved in clinical practice, cancer remains a serious threat to human health. The effect of probiotics on tumor therapy has received extensive attention. As a common colonizer of the intestinal mucosa, Akkermansia muciniphila(AKK) has a well-defined role in metabolic diseases, but its complex role in tumor development and therapeutic efficacy has not been fully elucidated. The unique properties and physiological roles of AKK play an important role in different solid tumors and it may be a potential biomarker. This article provides a review of previous studies and proposes clinical strategies to influence the abundance of AKK to provide a theoretical reference for the development of next-generation probiotics and the reshaping of the tumor treatment landscape.Key words: Akkermansia muciniphila; Probiotics; Cancer; Tumor therapyFunding: Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. H2020206551); Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation (No. Y-MSDPU2021-0202)Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.摘 要:尽管肿瘤治疗模式在临床实践中已不断完善,但肿瘤仍严重威胁着人类健康。
肠道Akkermansia muciniphila研究最新进展(完整版)随着厌氧培养技术的发展,2004年Derrien等[1]首次从健康人体粪便中分离出Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) 。
研究发现,A. muciniphila主要定植在胃肠道的外黏液层,以胃肠道的黏蛋白作为自身生长的碳和氮来源,其消耗黏蛋白与杯状细胞再生黏蛋白能够达到动态平衡,从而维持黏液层稳定。
A.muciniphila以及其分泌物,如囊泡(Extracellular vesicles, EV)通过与结肠上皮细胞Toll受体(Toll-like receptor,TLR)结合及调节紧密连接蛋白的表达等来维持肠道稳态,从而改善高脂饮食诱导的肥胖和炎症性肠病(Inflammatory bowel disease, IBD)等疾病[2]。
本文基于现有的国内外研究,对A. muciniphila的基本特性、定植情况、影响定植的因素,以及成为下一代益生菌所面临的难点等进行综述。
1 A. muciniphila的基本特性及作用1.1 A. muciniphila的基本特性A. muciniphila是一种严格厌氧、非运动、没有内生孢子的卵圆形肠道细菌,其最适生长温度是37℃,最适生长pH为6.5,该菌的倍增时间大约是1.5 h[1]。
A. muciniphila单独或者成对存在,很少成链生长,其代谢产物为乙酸盐、丙酸盐、1,2-丙二醇等。
在提供蛋白源的基础培养基中,加入N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖、N-乙酰半乳糖胺和葡萄糖作为能源,A.muciniphila可以生长,但是在果糖和纤维二糖等其他糖类作为能源的培养基中A. muciniphila不能生长[1]。
Ouwerkerk等[3]研究发现,A. muciniphila具有一定的耐氧性,其暴露在空气中24 h,仍然有1%以上的存活率。
此外,研究还发现低氧气浓度(纳摩尔)下可以显著促进A. muciniphila的生长。