初中语法讲解系列(附练习)-冠词2(不定冠词、零冠词)

冠词（II）——不定冠词，零冠词一、不定冠词的用法1、可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类An elephant is friendly.2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物A reporter wants to see you.3、表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念不如one强烈4、表示“每一”，相当于everyTake the medicine three times a day.5、用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”He has failed three times, but he wanted to try a fourth time.6、某些固定词组中a few几个，a little一点，a lot of许多，a pair of一双，a kind of 一种，after a while过了一会儿，in a hurry匆忙地，in a low voice低声地，have a look看一看，have a rest休息一会儿，have a cold感冒，have a good time玩得高兴，make a living谋生7、形容词最高级前一般加定冠词，但有时却用不定冠词，表示“非常”“很”的意思This is the most important question of all.这是所有问题中最重要的一个。

This is a most important question.这是一个非常重要的问题。

8、物质名词coffee，food，tea，fruit等，一般不加冠词，但在表示“一种……、一杯……”之意时，量化后就常加不定冠词I would like a coffee and two beers.9、抽象名词前加不定冠词表示“一个”“一场”“一次”Listening to music is really a great pleasure10、不可数名词在表述某一部分或某一方面的内容、概念时，前面常加不定冠词a knowledge of English and computer11、常考的a与an选用的单词a useful book, a university, an hour, an "s", an 80-meter-long bridge二、零冠词的用法1、棋类、球类、一日三餐不加任何冠词。

但如果三餐名词前有形容词，则需要加冠词。

a nice dinner, a quick breakfast2、人名、地名等专有名词前不加冠词3、复数名词或不可数名词表示泛指意义时，不加冠词They are teachers, not students.People in the south like rice.4、物质名词或抽象名词前不加冠词Failure is the mother of success.5、称呼或表官衔、职位的名词前不用冠词6、月份、星期、季节、节日前不加冠词7、当名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格时，名词前不加冠词8、与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词by bus，by plane，by bike，by ship9、一些固定词组on foot, at noon, at night, on earth, in fact, in time, on time, go to school三、比较go to bed就寝，上床睡觉go to the bed向床边走去，走到床前in class在课堂上in the class在班级里in future今后in the future将来next year明年the next year第二年by sea乘船by the sea在海边on earth究竟on the earth在地球上the second one第二个a second one又一个a number of许多（修饰可数名词）the number of……的数目（作主语时谓语动词用单数形式）课堂练习1.Sandy often takes her dog for walk around the lake after supper.A.aB.anC.theD./2.—Do you have QQ number?—Sorry, I don't have one.A.aB.anC.theD./3.Mary has e-dictionary. She got it from her uncle.A.aB./C.theD.an4.—Do you want to go to action movie?—No, I don't want to.A.anB.aC.theD./5.Gina had apple this morning.A.theB.anC.aD./6.On sunny afternoon, my parents and I had a good time on the beach.A.theB.anC./D.a7.Jack started to work at early age because his family was very poor.A.aB.anC.theD./8.My father is engineer. He works very hard.A.aB./C.theD.an9.Don't shout Mike like that. He is only 11-year-old boy.A.aB.theC.anD./10.We can have bluer sky if we create less polluted world.A.a; aB.a; theC.the; aD.the; the11.Mary has a bad cold. She has to stay in bed.A.aB./C.theD.an12.—How do you go to work?—I usually take bus.A.the; aB./; aC.a; aD.the; /13."Which do you prefer, listening to music or watching TV""Either is OK."A.aB.anC.theD./14.Jack likes playing soccer, but he doesn't like playing piano.A./; /B.the; /C.the; theD./; the15.—What sweet music! Do you know who wrote it?—Beethoven, I think.A./B.aC.theD.an16.—I just have cup of milk for breakfast.—That's not enough.A.a; aB.the; theC.a; /D.an; a17."Which one is your mother?"" one in a purple skirt under the big tree."A. AB. AnC. TheD./18.More and more foreign students come to China to learn Chinese.A.aB./C.theD.an19.Lucy often has breakfast at home.A.aB.theC./D.an20.—Shall we pay visit to Expo 2010, Shanghai?—No, I'd rather stay at home and play football.A.the; aB.a; aC./; theD.a; /课后作业1.I usually go to school on foot.A.aB.theC./D./2.There is "u" and "h" in the world hour.A.an; anB.a; aC.an; aD.a; an3. —Do you know man in blue?—Y es, he's a professor of university.A.the; aB.a; anC.the; anD./; the4. There is big apple on desk.A.an; theB.a; anC.a; theD.a; an5. —Are you American or English?—English. We are working in Wuhu.A.aB./C.theD.an6. We can have bluer sky if we create less polluted world.A.a;aB.a; theC.the; aD.the; the7. A low-carbon lifestyle has effect on our daily life. People are paying more and more attention to saving these daysA.the; energiesB.a; energyC.an; energyD.an;energies8. There is local shop for people to buy daily things in the small village.A.aB.anC.theD./9. —How about charity show?—I should say it was success.A.the; /B.the; aC.a; aD.a; /10. —Good news! Bill won medal in the long jump just now.—Really? That's his one at sports meeting.A.a; fourB.an; fourthC.a; fourthD.an; four11. —What does Michael look like?—He has big eyes and wide mouth.A.aB.anC.theD./12. On March 11, 2011 earthquake hit Japan.A.anB.aC.theD./13. She learned to play piano all by herself.A.anB.aC./D.the14. —It's nice day, isn't it?—Y es, what fine weather!A.a; aB.the; theC.a; /D.the; /15. —Eric, what do you like to be when you grow up?—actor like Jackie Chan.A. TheB. AC. AnD. /16. Learning country's language is a better way of knowing culture behind it.A.the;aB.a; theC./; /D.a; /17. "What should I buy for Tom's birthday?""How about camera? He loves taking photos."A.aB.anC.theD./18. The doctor advises me to eat apple a day.A.anB.aC./D.the19. —I'd like grapes and pears.—Oh, I only need orange juice.A.some; a fewB.a few; someC.a little; fewD.a little; a few20. Lily is smart girl. She loves her homework very much.A.anB.aC./D.the。