词类转换翻译法练习

词类转换翻译法练习转译成动词1. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.2. In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.3. A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.4. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.5. He is a good singer.6. Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials.7. You must be tired. Why don’t you take a rest?8. I am anxious about his health.9. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.10. Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.11. She opened the window to let fresh air in.12. After careful investigation they found the design behind.转译成名词13. This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.14. To them, he personified the absolute power.15. Our age is witnessing a profound political change.16. Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions.17. He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period.18. I was encouraged by our president.19. They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.20. Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak.21. He was eloquent and elegant—but soft.22. His whole family were religious.转译成形容词23. This issue is of vital importance.24. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.25. Our performance was a success.26. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.其它词类转译形容词与副词的互相转译27. We must make full use of existing technical equipment.28. This is sheer nonsense.29. This film impressed him deeply.30. The President had prepared meticulously for his journey. 名词与副词的互相转译31. When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.32. The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.33. It is officially announced that China has successfully launched her fist manned spaceship.34. He is physically weak but mentally sound.参考答案：一、转译成动词１．火箭已经用来探索宇宙。

第三单元词汇翻译第二节词类转换一、转译为动词1、带有动作意味的名词例1. Television is transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.例2. The American people demanded his release.He won praise for his release of the prisoners of war.例3. The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing.例4. I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.例5. We are enemies of all aggressive wars.例6. The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration.2、表示动作的介词例1. A force is needed to move an object against inertia.例2. The letter I is commonly used for current, E for electromotive force, and R for resistance.例3. In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.3、动词衍生的形容词和表示感觉的形容词例1.Sugar and salt are both soluble in water.例2. The Republicans are out, the Democrats in.例3. They are not sure they can save his life.例4. She is familiar with English.二、转译为名词1、动词例1. Often property damage and disrupted lives result.例2. The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.例3. Mercury weighs about thirteen times as much as water.例4. When this happens, the light is said to be reflected.2、形容词例1. They did their best to help the sick and the poor.例2. Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft.例3. The Wilde family were religious.3、副词例1. He is physically weak but mentally sound.例2. They have not done so well ideologically, as organizationally.例3. Certainly people in enterprises must be mathematically informed if they are to make wise decision.三、转译为形容词1、名词例1. The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.例2. The lower stretches of rivers show considerable variety.例3. I am a perfect stranger to physics.2、副词例1. The President had prepared meticulously for his journey.四、转译为副词1、名词例1. When he catches a glimpse of potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor.2、形容词例1.We took brief, restless naps.例2. I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain.例3. This is sheer nonsense.例4. Buckley was in a clear minority.。

翻译技巧4词类转译法英语与汉语的一个显著差异：英语呈静态；汉语呈动态从词汇用法上，英语中常用抽象名词、动词的同源名词、同源形容词、副词及介词等来表达动态含义。

而汉语的动词由于无形态变化，若要表示动作意义，往往只能采用动词。

Don’t believe him.You should know he is a good kidder.不要相信他。

你应该知道他很会骗人的。

I’m doubtful whether he is still alive.我怀疑他是否还活着。

Mother is on the telephone with father.母亲与父亲在通话。

一、词类的转译(一)英语名词的转译1.英语名词—〉汉语动词nominalization)成为英语使用中的普遍现象，构成了静态为主的语言特征。

而汉名词化(nominalization语是逻辑性语言，不受动词形态变化的约束，使用较多的动词，形成了明显的动态优势。

英译汉的过程就是在译文中强化原文动态色彩的过程，常常需要英语名词转换成汉语动词。

(1)具有动作意义的名词(action nouns)例1.I’m convinced that China’s WTO membership will do more contributions to the development of global economy.我坚信中国加入WTO将会对全球经济发展做出更大贡献。

例2.Parents’love of children is perfect and minute.(n.+of)父母爱子女无微不至。

English.(n.+of短语)例3.There is no shortcut to the mastery of English掌握英语无捷径。

(2)有些与感官动词(see,hear,think,know等)相联系的名词(sight,sound,glance,view, knowledge等)通常转译成动词。

Conversion 词类转换I. Conversion into Chinese verbA. Convert English noun into Chinese verba) Convert English common noun into Chinese verb1. We are enemies of all wars.我们反对一切战争。

2. Differences between the social systems of states shall not be an obstacle to their co-operation.社会制度的不同不应妨碍互相合作。

3. Electric power became the servant of man only after the motor was invented.电动机发明后，电力才开始为人类服务。

C-E：汉语动词转换为英语名词4. 从我们学校可以看到辽阔的大海..A view of the vast ocean can be obtained from our school.5.你必须好好照顾病人。

Y ou must take good care of the patient.b）convert English noun implying the sense of action that is converted from English verb into Chinese verb1. The war in Iraq is a drain on American resources伊拉克战争耗费了美国的资源。

2. He made no mention of the car accident.他没有提到那场车祸。

C-E 汉语中的动词转换为英语中（带有动作含义）的名词3. 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。

In his speech he laid special stress on raising the quality of the products.4. 只要看一眼这封信，你就会明白你上当了。

词类转换翻译法在英译汉的过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达式不同，就不能逐词对译。

原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类，才能使汉语译文通顺自然。

一、名词的转译1. 英语名词转译成动词由动词派生的名词，具有动词意思的名词，以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等，这些名词都可以转译成动词。

【例1】The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.X对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。

【译文】回想起这些事情，会给他的生活增添乐趣。

【例2】He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.X他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。

【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。

【例3】Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states,which have their own constitutions and laws.X其他政府活动则是各个州的责任，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。

【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担，各州都有自己的宪法和法律。

【例4】The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我感到特别神往。

【例5】To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.【译文】据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。

【例6】He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.X他是个好听众，所以他们喜欢同他谈话。

此类转换1. 转换成汉语动词1.1英语名词化结构及动名词一般均可译为汉语动词1. A change of state from a solid to a liquid form requires heat energy.从气态到液态的变化会释放潜在热量2. Light from the sun is a mixture of light of many different colors.太阳光是由许多不同颜色的光混合3. Integrated circuits are fairly recent development.集成电路是近年来才发展起来的4. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭已经发现为探索宇宙的应用5. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我心驰神往6. A study of that letter leaves us in no doubt as to the motives behind it.研究一下那封信，就使我们毫不怀疑该信是别有用心的7.A fire in the neighbor’s house can easily bring disaster to everyone.在邻居的房子着火容易给大家带来灾难。

8. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑的全景和林肯纪念堂。

9. Some pupils in our school are good writers. 我们学校的一些学生的作文写得很好10. The rustic lassies are good singers.这个乡下姑娘歌唱得很好11. I am no drinker, nor smoker.我不喝酒，也不抽烟12. The old hunter is a good skier. 老猎人滑雪滑得很好。