公开课_高考英语阅读理解技巧_细节事实题
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高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之事实细节题型阅读理解满分秘籍——理解题干的要求是核心,分析选项的特点是基础,读懂原文的主旨是条件。
做到题干、选项与原文内容的完美结合。
事实细节题型高考《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求是:要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能:(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;……《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求的第一点是理解主旨要义。
第二点就是理解文中具体信息。
理解文中具体信息是阅读理解的基础,是考生透彻理解文章主旨要义的条件。
具体信息是围绕文章主题展开的,是对文章主题的进一步解释说明,以便让读者更好地了解作者的写作目的、意图等。
对应的题型就是事实细节题型。
主要考查考生对文章(或某一段落)中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。
该题型是阅读理解部分的主要题型,几乎占了阅读理解的二分之一。
充分理解文章具体信息,不仅有助于事实细节题型的答题,而且有助于其他题型的答题。
事实细节题型特点事实细节题型主要考查考生对文章(或某一段落)中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。
通常会针对以下内容来出题。
1. 列举主要考查考生对文章里列出的具体内容是否都完全清楚,通常都是三点或四点,主要针对两种题型:Which题型(要求考生从选项中选出根据文章内容正确的选项)和except题型(要求考生排除三个正确的选项,选择根据文章内容错误的选项,通常称为“三缺一”)。
要求考生正确理解原文内容,并进行细致对比。
2. 转折与对比转折处常常是作者想要表达的内容,是语义的重点,一般通过转折词but, however, yet, actually / in fact / as a matter of fact 等或对比词unlike, not so / as …as, compared to等引导。
要求考生培养良好的逻辑思维能力,理解作者的真实意图。
XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号学员编号:年级:高三课时数:学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:Part I: Checking and revision1. 上次课知识回顾;2•词汇记忆检测Part II:I •词语辨析(旨在提供完型填空提供所需材料)1. ig nore / n eglect / overlook【解释】ignore 通常指有意不顾,或不理会显而易见的事物。
n eglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视,也可指粗心与疏忽。
overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空CD We could not afford to ________ s uch a serious offence.2) . He utterly ______ my warnings and met with an accide nt.3) . Don ' t ________ paying himvisit now and then.2. cheat / fool【解释】cheat主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人,骗取人的钱等。
fool 愚弄”指利用人缺乏常识,心理脆弱来欺骗人。
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) He' s traveed to the _______ of Wester n Europe. (n ati on)2) We are talk ing about ______ and intern ati onal issues. (n ati on)3) __________ childre n were calli ng for their mothers.. (frighte n)4) The child _________ to death by the viole nt thun derstorm. (frighte n)5) It is eve n _________ to think of the horrors of nu clear war. (frighte n)6) We ________ huge losses in the finan cial crisis. (suffer)7) They ' re arthritis _________ . (suffer)8) There is so much __________ in this world. (suffer)a. Changing into bath ing clothesb. Getti ng out of the bath ing mach inec. Paying 2 penced. Gett ing into the bath ing machi nee. Being take n dow n the beachf. Gett ing into the waterA. e, d, a, b, f, cB. c, d, a, e, b, fC. c, d, e, a, b, fD. d, a, e, b, f, c细节专题二:计算题计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容,此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实,有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。
【高中英语】高考英语阅读理解备考英语阅读事实细节类技巧高考英语阅读理解备考英语阅读事实细节类技巧距离2021年高考一、事实细节类题目常见的设问方式:1.Which of the followingis true/false/mentioned?2.What does the writerpay least attention to?3.Choose the right orderof the events given in the passage.4.All of the followingstatements may be true/false except ____.5.Which of the followingis not the result of ...?6.Which of the followingbest characterizes the main feature of ...?7.Which of the followingmaps/diagrams gives the right position of ... / relationship of...?8.Which of the followingmaps shows the right way to get to ...?9.Which of the drawingsbelow gives an idea of what ... is like?二、辨认主要的事实或细节辨认细节属客观理解。
辨认细节要求读者寻找支撑主题思想的那些主要的事实。
细节的辨认又分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。
1.直接辨认细节的直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作解释或判断,只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息。
同时还要求读者记住重要的细节,在必要的时候(作判断、推论或结论的时候)能准确而迅速地将它们回忆出来。
2.间接辨认间接辨认不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息,还要将获得的信息用同义词或近义词的形式复述出来。
一、高考英语细节题考察概况:1.宏观考察概况:细节理解题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右,是最重要的得分点。
2.微观考察概况:(1)设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节,或就文中的数字进行提问。
(2)考察规律①正确选项特征A.同义替换(原句重复出现,200%错。
正确的都是有改动的,即同义替换。
)(1)替换关键词。
把原文的关键词进行同义替换,如把lose one's job换成了be out of occupation(2)改变词性。
把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性,如把so much important变换成of importance(3)改变语态。
把原文主动语态转为被动语态,如restoring and repairing the bridge变换成the bridge was restoring and reparing.B.信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息; 正确答案具有概括性(考察考生的理解归纳能力),深刻性,因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。
C.正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项比如说:I constantly remained confused about the learning predicament.我一直对学习的困境感到困惑。
②干扰选项特征A.张冠李戴,无中生有B.曲解文意,答非所问C.颠倒是非,因果倒置,无原因推导(过度推断)D.正误参半,盲目推断,正反混淆二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法:第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)第三步,利用正确选项特点,确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息,关注变换原文语态词性或词形,简化或概括原文,正话反说)三、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练1.What do we know about Astro Access?A. It redesigns jet airplanes.B. It offers weightlessness experience.C. It provides physical treatmentD. It hires the disabled to be astronauts第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.What do we know about Astro Access?我们对星际通道了解多少?问的角度是什么what;对象是星际通道第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero Gravity flight, organized by the group Astro Access. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness.The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would never have experienced in my wildest dreams," she says, “especially the floating the weightlessness.原词对应:weightlessness(失重;无重状态);experience(体验);由于这段话没有出现转折连接词,所以判断这个段落各个句子的逻辑关系是顺承关系段落翻译:Mazyck是由Astro Access组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。
高考阅读理解之细节理解题解题技巧一、阅读理解细节理解题分类:______________、_____________、________________。
二、细节题做题技巧1.直接信息题(direct information)直接信息题主要针对文中涉及的某个具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因、结果等提问。
解答这类题需要考生快速浏览题干,找出关键信息,然后在相应的段落。
最后根据选项特点,判断文中的相关信息定位关键信息所在的句子与哪一个选项相符。
1. How did Tom feel during his meeting with Laura?2. Who are the intended readers of the passage?4. When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?5. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?6. Which/Where...?例一【2021全国乙卷】Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 peop le. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?A. 104,944B. 107,601C. About 150,000D. About 250,000例二【2020年全国Ⅰ卷】Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property (失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located (位于) at Roma Street station.22. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.例三【2020年全国Ⅱ卷】The Lake District Attractions GuideDalemain Mansion & Historic GardensHistory, Culture & Landscape (景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.Open: 29 Mar—29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10.30—17.00 (16.00 in Oct.).House: 11.15—16.00 (15.00 in Oct).21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?A. 09.30—17.30.B. 10.30—16.00.C. 11.15—16.00.D. 12.00—16.30.2. 数字计算题数字计算细节理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。