限时快练高一版

高一英语寒假限时练5第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

ATraveling to China is the dream of many people but it is important to be aware that the Chinese culture is different from Western cultures. So before arriving in China, make sure that you understand the Chinese traditions.The eldest comes firstIn China, it is a big deal to respect the eldest one in the family. The Chinese have a great respect for their parents and grandparents. So if you are introduced to someone in a place full of people, always address the oldest person first, and do the same when you are leaving.The host pays the billIf you are invited to a restaurant by your Chinese friends, be prepared to eat and drink for free. And if you invite them, also be ready to pay all the bill on your own. And it is not polite if you don’t offer to pay it in full if you are the host.Be aware of the chopsticks rulesBelieve it or not, there are several traditions and rules involving chopsticks in China. So never stick them straight up to your rice, never drum (敲打) them, or have them in your hands while making a gesture.Check if your gift isn’t on the bad-luck listIf you are offering a gift to a Chinese friend, be aware that there are many items considered to bring bad luck to them, such as clocks, umbrellas, scissors and knives. Presents should be given with both hands and never be wrapped in white.1．Who is the most respected in social life in China?A．A millionaire.B．A senior citizen.C．A wise man.D．A powerful leader.2．Which of the following is considered polite in China?A．Making a gesture by using chopsticks.B．Opening the gift as soon as you receive it.C．Offering to pay the meal in full if you are the host.D．Paying for the bill when you are invited to a dinner.3．Who are the potential target readers of the text?A．Restaurant staff.B．The assistants in the gift stores. C．The hosts of a party.D．Exchange students to China.BI had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position. One day, I took a subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. What happened to me next on the subway has taught me much about culture difference.Since all the seats were taken, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag. Assuming I probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion, I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash, it was gone. I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or anyone suspicious. My heart began to beat wildly and I began to panic.I looked around, only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my bag. I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to pull it up, she quickly took it back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any notice of the situation. Trying not to cause a scene, I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as much as I could, but she ignored my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how heavy it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to help me.At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn’t talk; yet this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready toget off, the woman gently handed me back my bag. But before I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.4．What happened after the writer got on the subway?A．The writer’s bag was stolen by an elderly lady.B．The writer stood in someone’s way.C．An old lady asked the writer to sit beside her.D．A stranger offered help to the writer.5．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?A．Feel frightened.B．Feel grateful.C．Feel relaxed.D．Feel ashamed. 6．What can we infer from the writer’s experience?A．The middle-aged woman and the elderly woman were good friends.B．The passengers on the subway were very unfriendly.C．Helping standing passengers with heavy bags was common on local subways. D．There were many thieves on the subway.7．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?A．To warn us of the potential risks in travelling abroad.B．To tell us a culture difference.C．To recommend a travel destination.D．To give us some tips on taking a subway.CImagine walking through an ancient city, then climbing a gate tower to take in a wonderful view of the city and its more than 600-year-old walls. You can hear the city’s heartbeat in the air. This is the Ancient City of Pingyao in Shanxi Province, a place that is most likely to be on your travel plan if you enjoy history or ancient architecture since its history can go back to more than 2,700 years ago.Situated in the center of Shanxi Province, Pingyao is the hometown of Jin businessmen. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the city’s agriculture and manufacturing (制造)industries developed rapidly. Following China’s reform and opening-up in the 1980s, Pingyao struggled with the change from amanaged economy to the market-oriented economy(市场经济). During this time, the city government identified new ways to break through this economic bottleneck.Finally in the winter of 1997, chances came knocking. Through the efforts of the city government, Pingyao earned its place on the UNESCO World Heritage list, which caused the entire world to take notice of the city.Since the city’s fame has risen, locals in Pingyao have deepened their understanding of the efforts preserving the historical relics in their hometown. Meanwhile the city government has continued to upgrade itselfthrough a proposal that follows the centre of “entrepreneurship (创业), development and protection”.Recently, the city is focused on establishing a sustainable (可持续发展) industry that will enable it to continue to grow while also protecting its relics and introducing them to the world.8. What made Pingyao popular with tourists?A. Its view and fresh air.B. Its history and architecture.C. Its weather and traditions.D. Its tourist attractions and people.9. What does “chances came knocking” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The city's name was replaced.B. The economy of Ping Yao was rising.C. Ping Yao became known by the world.D. The architecture was rebuilt in the city.10. What measure is taken to further develop the city?A. Preserving more historical relics.B. Learning from other cities in the world.C. Connecting economy with cultural protection.D. Introducing more overseas industries to the city.11. How is the text developed?A. By giving examples.B. By raisingquestions.C. By listing reasons.D. By following time order.DThe Polish take great pride in their culture.Our culture has many different customs and traditions.I will discuss three of these traditions and customs.The Polish will say “Dziekuje” (“thank you”) only after receiving their change.What I mean by this is that when you are in Poland，you should wait to say “thank you” until after you have been given your change back.If you do not，you are telling cashiers (收银员) that they can “keep the change”.Often，people visiting Poland will feel that things are very expensive，until they learn that they are giving the store clerk permission to keep the money that would have been given back.Polish people break “bread” with their families during their Christmas Eve meal.The Christmas Eve celebration starts with the breaking of the Oplatek，which is a thin piece of “bread”．In my family，the eldest in the family (my grandfather) takes the big Oplatek and breaks it into large pieces that he then hands down to each of his four children (my aunt，uncles，and father)．Then，these family members break their pieces into smaller sizes and pass them out to their own children.Once the last piece is passed down to the youngest，we say a prayer (祷告) and eat the piece of thin bread.Polish people celebrate “Imieniny”,or Name’s Day.This day is more important than one’s birthday.They often name their children after a saint (圣徒) whose day is closest to the date that they were born on.Then their saint’s day that they were named after becomes their “new” birthday.On Name’s Day，families and friends gather together and enjoy a variety of food，drinking，and dancing.As you can see，Poland has a few very unique (独特的) traditions and customs.I honor my Polish culture and will pass it on to my own children because it is important to know one’s own culture.12．In Poland，if you say “Dziekuje” before getting your change，___________ . A．the store clerk will keep itB．the product will be changedC．the store clerk will check the moneyD．the product will be returned to the store13．On Christmas Eve，the author will receive “bread” from ________ .A．his grandfather B．his uncleC．his aunt D．his father14．A Polish person’s Imieniny is________ .A．a day to visit families and friendsB．more important than Name’s DayC．near to his or her birthdayD．a day to honor a saint15．What does the author think of Polish traditions and customs?A．He feels proud of them.B．He shows no interest in them.C．He is worried about them.D．He considers them very funny.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年高一语文下学期限时训练试题A．平铺直叙字斟句酌心照不宣 B．平易近人字斟句酌心领神会C．平铺直叙咬文嚼字心照不宣 D．平易近人咬文嚼字心领神会6．在下列句子的空缺处依次填入成语，最恰当的一组是（）（1）国家没有制定统一的价值评估标准，致使坊间对夜明珠的认定具有极大的主观性，这也使得许多人造宝石充斥市场，。

（2）广大民族地区保障和改善民生，就是要把与各族群众生产生活的社会建设放在更加突出的位置，着力提升民族地区公共服务保障水平。

（3）虽然华尔街对苹果在上个季度的业绩给出“表现平平”或者是“失望”的评价，但苹果仍是美国最盈利的公司，其他竞争对手难以。

A．鱼目混珠息息相关望其项背 B．鱼龙混杂息息相关望尘莫及C．鱼目混珠休戚相关望尘莫及 D．鱼龙混杂休戚相关望其项背7．依次填入下列句中横线上的成语，与句意最贴切的一组是( )（1）环境污染日趋严重，人类这种________的行为如不停止，将自毁自己的生存空间。

（2）某公司非法占地，终于________：所建37幢别墅式建筑被主管部门勒令全部拆除。

（3）制造1．20京广铁路爆炸案的罪犯终于________，被逮捕归案。

（4）他不在村里安心劳动，却跑到城市来乞讨，自找苦吃，真是________。

A．玩火自焚自作自受作茧自缚自食其果 B．作茧自缚自食其果玩火自焚自作自受C．玩火自焚自食其果作茧自缚自作自受 D．作茧自缚自作自受玩火自焚自食其果8.依次填入下列各句横线上的成语，与句意最贴切的一组是( )①玉器厂展品室陈列着鸟兽、花卉、人物等各种玉雕展品，神态各异，栩栩如生，真是。

②货柜上摆满了具有传统特色的珠宝、翡翠、玉雕、字画，品种齐全，真是。

③汽车向神农架山区奔驰，只见奇峰异岭扑面而来，令人。

④故宫博物院的珍宝馆里，陈列着各种奇珍异宝、古玩文物，令人。

A．琳琅满目美不胜收目不暇接应接不暇 B．琳琅满目美不胜收应接不暇目不暇接C．美不胜收琳琅满目目不暇接应接不暇 D．美不胜收琳琅满目应接不暇目不暇接9.依次填入下列各句横线上的成语，与句意最贴切的一组是（高考题）（）①无锡的梅园，面临太湖，以梅饰山，以山饰梅，。

高一语文限时训练20一、基础夯实（一）阅读下面的文字，完成1——3题。

高考过后，考生和家长又围绕着志愿填报忙碌起来。

面对那么多学校和专业该如何选择，让一些考生和家长犯难，这也让帮助考生填报志愿的辅导市场——“大数据预测录取概率”、“专家一对一咨询”等填报服务，要价数千到数万。

天价志愿咨询的最大卖点，就是大数据。

据调查发现，很多机构商家宣传大数据来自教育部、考试院，但被相关部门否认。

事实上，全国还没有哪家单位或企业建立起真正的高考志愿“大数据库”。

所谓数据，真实的情况是，高校网站、媒体每年都会公布一些录取信息，还有一些其他公开渠道的数据。

商业机构把这些数据收集起来，进行整合，冒充来自特殊渠道的大数据。

众所周知，高考录取分数线的划定，受到许多不确定因素的影响。

某一区域内的高校招生计划、当地考生的志愿填报情况、高考试卷的难易程度等都有可能让分数线出现波动。

拿往年的“大数据”来套用今年的分数线，无异于。

至于商家倾情推销的“专家”，也未必靠谱，他们的眼里恐怕更多的是利益。

的事情是整顿市场乱象。

从媒体调查的情况来看，关于高考志愿填报辅导市场，不是傻子太多、骗子不够用，( )。

有关部门应及时出手，不能任由高考志愿填报市场野蛮生长。

此外，也应尽力拓展渠道，为考生提供正规、科学的填报志愿辅导服务。

1．依次填入文中划线处的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A．炙手可热五花八门刻舟求剑当务之急B．应运而生五花八门刻舟求剑迫在眉睫C．应运而生琳琅满目固步自封迫在眉睫D．炙手可热琳琅满目固步自封当务之急2．文中画波浪线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A．调查发现，很多机构商家宣传的大数据来自教育部、考试院，但被相关部门否认。

B．据调查，很多机构商家宣传的大数据来自于教育部、考试院，但被相关部门否认。

C．据调查发现，很多机构商家宣传大数据来自教育部、考试院，但被相关部门所否认。

D．据调查发现，很多机构商家宣传大数据来自教育部、考试院，但相关部门予以否认。

班级高一（）姓名学号成绩第二次：速度、加速度一、单项选择题（在每小题所给的答案中有一项是正确的，请将答案写在前面的括号内）（）1．我国著名篮球运动姚明在原地拍球，球从1.5m高处落下，又被地板弹回，在离地1m处被接住。

以向上为正方向，则球通过的路程和位移的大小分别是A．2.5m，-0.5m B．2.5m，0.5mC．1.5m，1m D．2.5m，2.5m（）2．甲物体以乙物体为参考系是静止的，甲物体以丙物体为参考系是运动的，那么，以丙物体为参考系，乙物体是A．一定是静止的B．一定是运动的。

C．有可能是静止的或运动的D．无法判断（）3．关于速度，下列说法正确的是A、通过路程长的物体速度大B、通过相同位移，所用时间少的速度大C、相同时间内通过路程长的物体速度大D、方向保持不变的运动是匀速运动（）4．对速度的定义式，以下叙述正确的是A．物体做匀速直线运动时，速度v与运动的位移x成正比，与运动时间t成反比B．速度v的大小与运动的路程s和时间t有关C．速度是表示物体运动快慢及方向的物理量D．速度定义式只能用于计算匀速运动的速度（）5．关于匀速运动的物体A 、匀速运动的物体，瞬时速度与平均速度不等B 、运动过程中，相等时间内平均速度不变的运动是匀速运动C 、运动过程中，速率不变的运动是匀速直线运动D 、运动过程中，速度不变的运动是匀速运动（）6．下列4个加速度，哪个最大A 、8m/s 2B 、6m/s 2C 、-6m/s 2D 、-10m/s2（）7．下列说法中正确的是A ．速度很大的物体，其加速度可以很小B ．速度改变量△v 越大，加速度就越大C ．物体有加速度，速度就增大D ．加速度增大，速度一定增大（）8．下列关于速度和加速度的说法中，正确的是A ．运动物体的加速度越来越小，表示物体运动的速度也越来越小。

B ．运动物体的加速度越来越小，表示速度变化越来越慢；C ．加速度表示速度变化的大小；D ．物体的速度为零，加速度也一定为零；（）9．质点做匀加速直线运动，加速度大小为2m/s 2,在质点做匀加速运动过程中，下列说法正确的是A ．质点的末速度一定比初速度大2m/sB ．质点在任何1s 的末速度是初速度的2倍C ．质点在任何1s 的末速度比初速度大2m/sD ．质点在任意时间的末速度比初速度大2m/s（）10．关于加速度的方向，下列说法中正确的是A 、加速度a ﹤0，说明物体做减速运动；B 、加速度a ＞0，说明物体做加速运动。