上海市八校2016届高三3月联合测试英语试卷

2016届高三英语综合试卷第Ⅰ卷（100分）第一部分听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AAbout 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey, I enrolled (注册) my son in kindergarten. Several week s later, my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office.In the teacher’s office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded (弱智的)? Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability?”Was he talking about m y wonderful Scola? NO, no, it can’t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.My son could not follow the teacher’s directions, he told me, and th us, Scola was disrupting the class. Didn’t he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry; “Why hasn’t your son been taught to speak English? Don’t you speak English at home?”No, I didn’t speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would l earn English in a couple of months, and I didn't want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society?”Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.” Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a well-adjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual (双语的)。

2015学年第二学期高三教学调研(2016.03)英语试卷考生注意：本卷共10页。

全卷满分150分；答卷时间120分钟。

第I卷17-24和第II卷答在答题卷上，其余将答案点涂在答题卡上。

第I 卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She had lost the dictionary.B. She had brought the dictionary.C. She failed to remind Mr. Smith of the dictionary.D. She forget giving the dictionary to Mr. Smith.1. A. 25 pounds B. 26 pounds C. 72 pounds D. 144 pounds2. A. Tony shouldn’t give up so easily. B. Tony can find a better reason.C. Tony can change the class time.D. Tony made a wise decision.1. A. He is a fast worker. B. He did homework for Susan.C. He didn’t do his homework himself.D. He has not finished his homework.1. A. He is inexperienced in horse riding. B. His clothes are too bright for horses.C. He is careless in horse riding.D. His horse is hard to control.2. A. She likes eating vegetables.B. She thinks the man’s done enough exercise.C. She recommends him more vegetables.D. She needs more physical exercise.3. A. The woman should be on the committee.B. No one is willing to work in the committee.C. The woman knows some people on the committee.D. There is no more work for anyone to do in the committee.4. A. It is unfair that the man’s wife should stay home.B. It is impossible to repair the pipes again.C. It is not the first time that the pipes have leaked.D. It is a pi ty that the man’s wife can’t go to the concert.5. A. To find out more about the topic for the conference.B. To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C. To get the conference schedule for the woman.D. To pick up the woman from the library.6. A. It’s mor e interesting than staying at home.B. It’s not a place worth visiting at all.C. He’d rather pay a visit to it alone.D. He’d like to visit it another time.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The decoration. B. The location. C. The competition. D. The menu.12. A. They were organic.B. They were served quicklyC. They were cooked in a special way.D. They were better than the restaurants nearby.13. A. Confused B. Amazed C. Anxious D. RegretfulQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. About one and a half hour. B. More than three hours.C. More than two and a half hours.D. About four hours.15. A. Because there was a pet dog trapped in the burning house.B. Because it was a joint fire drill which had been arranged beforehand.C. Because the firefighters wanted to save the homeowner’s possessions.D. Because the freezing weather added to the difficulty of putting out the fire.16. A. In the neighbour’s garden. B. On the second floor.C. In the garage.D. Near the edge of the roof.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)What do you use as your online password?According to a new study (25) _________ (conduct) by Google in the UK, a pet’s name is the most common choice --- about 16 percent of people use their pet’s name as th eir passwords.The next (26) ________ (popular) kind of password is an important date such as a wedding anniversary or the date of birth of a family member. The name of a child, words related to favorite sports teams and even (27) _________ word “password” were among the most common passwords chosen by users, reported the Daily Mail.Eran Feigenbaum of Google has warned that passwords that are easy to guess (28) _________ (make) accounts unsafe. The truth is (29) __________ one in six people has tried to lo g into someone else’s account by guessing a password, including that of a colleague or family member, the study found.Some of our other bad habits when using the Internet also make our accounts easy to steal. For example, almost 20 percent of people have walked away from their computers without logging out of websites, thus (30)________ (allow) those who use the computer after you to get into your accounts (31)________ having to enter any passwords.“People often leave their information open to online secu rity breaches (安全漏洞) without even realizing it,” Feigenbaum said. “Simple steps such as choosing more complicated passwords and always (32) _________ (log) out of service can make a real difference to your security online.”(B)Mrs. Jones was very fond of singing. She had a very good voice, (33) _________ some of her high notes tended to sound like a gate which someone had forgotten to oil. Mrs. Jones was very conscious of this weakness, and took every opportunity she could find (34)__________ (practise) these high notes. As she lived in a small house, (35) __________she could not practice without disturbing the rest of the family, she usually went for long walks along the country roads (36) __________ she had time, and practised her high notes there. Each time she heard a car or a person coming along the road, she stopped and waited (37) ___________ she could no longer be heard before she started practising again, because she was a shy person, and because she was sensitive about those high notes.One afternoon, however, a fast open car came behind her so silently that she did not hear it until (38)______ was only a few yards away from her. She was singing some of her highest and most difficult notes at the time. As the car passed her, she saw an anxious expression suddenly come over the driver’s face. He put his brakes on violently, and as soon as the car stopped, (39) ___________ (jump) out and began to examine all his tires carefully.Mrs. Jones dared not tell him (40) ___________ the noise heard had really been, so he went back into his car, and drove off, as puzzled as he had been when he stopped.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canthe ___41___? Or the soft background music?But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is ___42___to be no. But while a shop's scent（香味）may not be ___43___compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which ___44___through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers' ___45___ to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris, scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale. That is ___46___ because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Some years ago，the ___47___ for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' ___48___ attitude and don't-touch-what-you-can't-afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (ecommerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks and mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. One brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a___49___. And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now, a famous store uses complex manmade smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department. Another department store has even opened a new lab, ___50___ customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Are you guilty of throwing away food? Many of us end up binning unwanted, uneaten or out-of-date food while millions of people in the world ___51___.The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that 33 percent of food produced is thrown away. This fills up landfill sites and ____52___ greenhouse gases.Part of the problem seems to lie with the supermarkets that ____53___ us to buy more. They offer ___54__ such as buy-one-get-one-free (BOGOF) that ___55___ us to stock up on food that we'll never be able to consume. In Europe alone, people throw away 100 million tons of food every year.But the problem isn't just us throwing away leftovers in the fridge or cupboard. Although we all love the convenience, price and choice of food that supermarkets offer, a lot of food is discarded(丢弃）before we even see it. Some stores___56__ fruit and vegetables because they're the wrong size or shape. And shoppers are equally to blame because they demand that items like these look__57____.BBC reporter, Caroline Hepker,___58__the problem in the USA and said "Food waste is a huge issue in America. Forty percent of all food goes uneaten and it's a problem that starts long before you get to the dining room table."Another issue is the 'sell-by' and 'use-by' dates printed on food packaging，which ___59____ shoppers. Anything older than a 'sell-by' date makes us think it is old and the food has gone off. But, in fact, this is just the date until which supermarkets can ____60____its freshness.___61___, in some parts of the world, people are struggling to buy even the most basic food. A report by the UN's Food and Agricultural Organization found that there is enough food for everyone - just a lot of __62__. So what can be done?Apps and websites that __63___ excess(多余的）food are becoming more popular. And food banks are being set up too. These are charitable organizations people __64__ food to. It's then distributed to those who have difficulty buying their own food.Perhaps the best idea is that we all think twice before we fill our baskets up with too many groceries and we put pressure on supermarkets to change some of their wasteful ____65___. How much food do you waste?51. A. preserve B. starve C. advance D. survive52. A. changes B. dissolves C. measures D. creates53. A. oblige B. encourage C. challenge D. instruct54. A. promotions B. presents C. groceries D. profits55. A. remind B. expect C. permit D. tempt56. A. reject B conceal C. crash D. introduce57. A. astonishing B. confident C. perfect D. terrible58. A. looked into B. coped with C. inquired about D. figured out59. A. supervises B. confuses C. reflects D. reminds60. A. guarantee B. assess C. investigate D. maintain61. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise62. A. inconvenience B. inefficiency C. irresponsibility D. impossibility63. A. distribute B. exploit C. export D. sell64. A. deliver B. expose C. divide D. donate65. A. characteristics B. products C. practices D. customsSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Any dog’s love and loyalty can feel like a miracle. By that measure, Mason, a one-year-old terrier mix, may be the most miraculous dog on Earth.The long-legged pup in North Smithfield, Alabama, rode out a tornado in his family’s garage last spring. His family thought he would be safe there, but the tornado blasted through the garage door and Mason disappeared.Dozens of people perished that day from the twister. Mason’s family was grateful just to be alive, even if the storm had left their home uninhabitable. But they were heartbroken at the thought that their sweet, playful companion had died. They combed the neighborhood, hoping by chance to find him, but Mason didn’t turn up.Until he did.Three weeks after the disaster, Mason’s family stopped by the house to collect some belongings. There Mason sat on the front porch, so wild with joy to see his family that his entire body was wagging（摇摆）. They were overjoyed. Where had Mason landed during the windstorm? What did he eat for those long weeks? How did he find his way back home?There was no answer to those questions and no time to consider. Mason was terribly thin and couldn’t stand prop erly. The family quickly sought help and learned their beloved dog had crawled home on broken front legs. “He was literally on his elbows,” says Phil Doster, adoption rescue coordinator（协调人）for the animal shelter that assessed Mason.Doster had spent days reuniting pets with their owners and took an instant liking to the courageous terrier. He contacted Dr. William Lamb of Vulcan Park Animal Care in Birmingham, who volunteered to perform the needed surgery for free. Lamb inserted two metal plates and 17 screws in an operation that lasted more than three hours.Mason’s injuries were so significant that he required weeks of recovery to heal. By the time he returned home to his family in September, he was bouncing around like a puppy again. “There were no ill effects whatsoever, which is a miracle in itself,” Doster says.The clinic set up a Facebook page for Mason. It attracted fans all over the world, drawn to the story of a little dog’s triumph over a deadly force.66.The underlined word “perish” is closest in meaning to __________.A. turn upB. surviveC. suffer economic lossesD. die67.How did Mason’s family finally manage to find him?A. By combing the neighbourhood.B. By asking the police for help.C. By stopping by when collecting their belongings.D. By visiting the nearby animal shelter.68.The seriously injured dog recovered thanks to ________.A. the charity Facebook page set up to raise money for him.B. the selfless devotion from a volunteer surgeon.C. the food and shelter from an adoption rescue coordinator.D. the proper care of his family and their neighbours69.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Despite the injury, Mason now feels as well as before.B. Fans visit Mason’s Facebook page to admire his l ove and loyalty.C. Mason’s family found some clues to their loved dog.D. The garage door provided Mason with no protection from the tornado.(B)You know the steps to getting a driver’s license for an American young person?In America, every student in his or her second year of high school is required to take a class in driver’s education, which is a summer course.DRIVER’S EDUCATION: CLASS TIME & DRIVING TIMECLASS TIME:Students are supposed to learn laws and regulations. They have a text from which they study the basic laws they must know to pass the written driving test that is given to anyone wanting to get a license.DRIVING TIME:*Students practice starting steering, backing up, parking, switching lanes, turning corners, and all the other maneuvers required.*Each student is required to drive a total of six hours.*The students are divided into groups of four, each time being out for two hours. Thus, each student gets half an hour driving time per outing.*The instructor and the ‘driver’ si t in the front seats while the other three students in the back.DIFFERENCES OF THE DRIVER’S EDUCATION CARSThey have two sets of brakes, one on the driver’s side and one on the instructor’s side.On the top of the car is a sign that reads: STUDENT DRIVER, letting nearby drivers use extra caution.TO GET THE LICENSE*Firstly, pass the driver’s education course.*Then, reach the appropriate age (this age differs in every state but in most cases the person must be 16 years old.)*Thirdly, take the driver’s te st, including an eye examination, a written test, and a road test.* * * If the person did well in his or her driver’s education class, he or she will pass the test with flying colors and get a driver’s license.70. In America, the driver’s course mention ed above _____________.A. is considered as part of the advanced educationB. is given to anyone wanting to get a driver’s licenseC. is carried on at the same time as other coursesD. is offered to all the students of Grade 2 in high schools71. To prevent accidents, a driver’s Education car ________________.A. has a sign inside itB. has two sets of brakesC. is big enough to hold five personsD. can’t run very fast72. We can infer that the students are required to _____________ in their whole drivingpractice.A. go out driving for twelve timesB. spend no more than six hours drivingC. drive for two hoursD. get half an hour driving73. Which of the following does not agree with the requirements for the students wanting toget their driver’s license?A. They must be 16 years old.B. They should go to have their driver’s test.C. They must have their eyes examined.D. They ought to do well in their driver’s course.(C)Dieting is often doomed to failu re. The problem is, we don’t follow the rules we learn. No carbs after 6pm? No problem—until we’re out for dinner, on our second glass of wine and reaching for the bread basket. Everyone has a flash point that makes it hard to say no, but ultimately, resisting temptation is the key to successful weight loss.Now research from leading psychologists has identified the parts of the brain involved in resisting temptation, and how we can use them to stop reaching for chocolate cake. Leading the charge is Professor Walter Mischel, the psychologist who developed the ‘marshmallow test’, which demonstrated that if children were able to delay gratification（满足感）, they would be more successful in later life. Mischel’s research has shown that to resist temptation, we have to shift activity away from the ‘hot’ parts of our brain to the ‘cool’ parts. The mind brain has two systems: one is cool, slow and deliberate, and allows for self-control, goal-setting and willpower—the ‘no’ system, if you like. The other is hot, emotional and instinctual, and present from birth—the ‘go’ system.So when you see a chocolate cake, the ‘hot’ part of your brain reacts to though ts of the delicious taste, and the sugar rush that you have learnt a slice will give you. Instead of giving in, what you need to do is to activate the ‘cool’ part of your brain by thinking about your goals and practicing far-sightedness. Imagine the sense of satisfaction you’d get, from fitting into your favorite dress in a couple of weeks’ time, say, or from losing your unsightly tummy bulge before you go sunbathing this summer. It’s a simple strategy, but experiments have shown it is highly effective.Perception is also important. Feasting your eyes on desirable food activates the hot system in the brain, which explains what we know instinctively: putting biscuits out of sight in a cupboard will mean you eat fewer of them. “The problem with diets is they are also full of pictures of delicious diet food; and all of this is just activating the hot system,” Mischelsays.Stress is another key issue. It has been shown to switch on the hot part of the brain and cause us to overeat. The first thing to do is to be aware of how stress changes your behavior. Then develop an action plan to deal with it. This might involve taking healthy snacks to work or finding ways to cope better with your time and emotions.Brain scans have also shown that memory plays a significant role in overeating. If you habitually eat chocolate, for instance, then every time you see it, you remember the high. So the research is clear: if you want to be slim, fit and healthy, it’s time to take control of your mind.74.By saying ‘Dieting is often doomed to failure’, the author declares _____________.A. It’s always hard to set up rules we follow in dietingB.We shouldn’t have a flash point to keep a diet.C.Losing weight is particularly hard to those who drink wine at dinnerD.People tend to give in when tempted with tasty food75.Which of the following is TRUE about the ‘marshmallow test’?A. It is developed by psychologists to help treat patients with mental diseases.B.One of its major findings is the different functions of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ parts wit hbrain.C.It urges that children should learn to delay gratification for later success.D.The ‘hot’ part of our brain always wins over the ‘cold’ part in establishing ouractions.76.By using the example of ‘chocolate cake’, the author aims to ________________.A. prove fitting into your favorite dress can help you gain confidence.B.suggest dieting people should put such food out of sightC.convince us that chocolate is fattening but it can help release stressD.explain how the two systems of our brain actually work77.Accord to the passage, food advertisements are highly attempting for they ________.A. can help release viewers’ stressB. enjoy great trust from the consumersC. will easily motivate the ‘hot’ systemD. keep track of the memory bankSection CDirections: In this part there is a short passage with four questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements.This is a dangerous world we live in. The number of murders goes up every year, people are dying of cancer, more people contract HIV, more teens are using drugs, etc. You know this because you've heard all the statistics on the news and in the paper. But do you really have an accurate idea what they mean? The numbers are going up, but how do they compare to the growth in population? Are more cases of these diseases being reported because of better testing techniques, or are the diseases more common? The fact is that without knowing the background statistics means very little.This growing trend of reporting only part of the information is becoming dangerous. For example, several years ago a high school student reported the dangers of the chemical knownas dihydrogen monoxide（一氧化二氢）. This chemical, found in most cancerous tumors, is often found in the blood of people drunk on alcohol, and causes complete physical and mental dependence for those who take the chemical even once. After reading his report, more than 75% of his Advanced Placement Chemistry class voted to forbid this dangerous chemical! Every one of the above statements is true, yet this chemical is necessary to all life on earth. The students made the mistake because they voted knowing only a few statements and statistics, rather than the chemical's full background.The point of this article is that one should be aware of what is and is not being said. When one finds a new fact or number, one should try to consider other important information before forming an opinion with only half-truths. Always remember that the author is trying to convince you of his or her own view, and will leave out information that is different to his view. For example, look again at the statistics that suggest skiing is safe. Only 32 people may die each year when skiing, while 897 die from lightning strikes, but which is really the most dangerous? If you think about it, you realize far fewer people go skiing each year than the number of people who are in danger of a lightning strike. When you think about it, skiing is more dangerous than you might at first think when looking at statistic. If we teenagers are to be left in this world, we had better be able to think critically, and form our own views, rather than be easily persuaded by another's. To be warned is to be prepared.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78.What makes us concerned that the world is becoming more and more dangerous?79.The example in the 2nd paragraph is used to prove that some reports are _____________unless they include information from all sides.80.In order to ensure their views are acceptable, some authors will ____________.81.What’s the author’s suggestion for teenagers?第II 卷（共45分）I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我从未在其他任何地方品尝过如此精美的菜肴。

2015学年第二学期高三调研考英语试卷2016.03.18考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 1:00 p.m. B. At 1:30 p.m. C. At 2:00 p.m. D. At 2:30 p.m.2. A. In a park. B. In a museum. C. In a zoo. D. In a pet store.3. A. 12. B. 24. C. 36. D. 48.4. A. The man’s job. B. T he woman’s health.C. A class they are talking about.D. A new medicine for headaches5. A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student.C. Customer and waitress.D. Doctor and patient.6. A. He thought it was a success. B. He didn’t think it was successful.C. He enjoyed it very much.D. He thought it was well worth seeing.7. A. He wonders why they can’t go for a walk in the park.B. He doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. He won’t go out with the woman.D. He thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. Watching movies is inexpensive entertainment. B. Going to movie is his hobby.C. The movie is his favorite.D. He will go to see the movie again.9. A. He’ll miss th e meeting that afternoon. B. He’ll have an appointment with the host.C. He won’t miss the meeting.D. He is very hard-working.10. A. Jane was telling a joke. B. Jane wasn’t sincere.C. Jane has already come back from Paris.D. Jane wasn’t in Paris that day.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because dogs did not share water bowls. B. Because dogs were not on a leash.C. Because dogs may spread disease.D. Because dogs might scare children.12. A. California. B. Florida. C. Maryland. D. Washington.13. A. The new law will once again help New York win the reputation of new fashion in the US.B. The new law will help to develop its economy growth by attracting dog owners.C. The new law will break the balance between health laws and flexibility for businesses.D. The new law will help to stop the sale of large amounts of soft drinks in New York.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Because pumpkin business is growing fast there.B. Because they like to drink beer made of pumpkins.C. Because they can enjoy eating a variety of pumpkins.D. Because they can get the pumpkins for Halloween carving.15. A. 150,000. B. 50. C. 40. D. 100, 000.16. A. It’s a big demand. B. It’s the bad weather.C. It’s the Halloween.D. It’s di fferent sizes, shapes and colors.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （16%）Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answer are grammatically correct.ADad was always full of advice, but one of the biggest lessons he taught me one summer was about having a strong work ethic. When my brother and I were growing up, we mowed yards during the summer___25___(earn) pocket change. Dad was our salesman. He told our neighbors about our service and offered a price they could not refuse. My brother and I got $10 (64 yuan) per yard. I later found out that our friends were charging $20 or more for the same amount of work.___26___ ___26___ we headed out to mow lawns, Dad was there to watch. I used towonder___27___ he came with us. He stood ___28___(supervise) our work in the heat when he could have been inside relaxing with air conditioning and an icy drink.One day we were cutting our next-door neig hbor’s yard. She always waited until the grass was knee-high to call us over. To make matters worse, we had ___29___ old lawn mower. This particular afternoon, I was finishing up and was tired and sweaty.I was just about to cut off the lawn mower when I saw Dad pointing to one piece of grass. He yelled: “You missed a piece.”I frowned, hoping he would let it slide and let me go home. He kept pointing. So, tired and ___30___ (disappoint), I went back to cut that piece of grass. I mumbled to myself: “That on e piece isn’t hurting anyone. Why won’t he just let it go?”But when I reached adulthood, I understood his message: When you’re running a business, the work you do says a great deal about you. If you want to be seen as an entrepreneur (企业家) with integrity, you ___31___ deliver a quality product. That single blade of grass meant the job was not done.___32___ neighbors took notice of the good work we did and we soon got more business. We started out with one client (客户), but by the end of the summer we had five.BThe Bangladeshi-American, Salman Khan was born in 1976 to a poor immigrant family. He knew clearly___33___ education could give people power and change their lives for the better: Khan went to a public high schoo l ___34___ “a few classmates were fresh out of jail”, as he told The New York Times, but he got into the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He got Bachelor of Science degrees in mathematics, electrical engineering and computer science, and also got a Master of Business Administration degree from Harvard Business School. Khan then worked as a successful hedge-fund analyst (对冲基金分析师).It all began in 2004___35___ Khan began tutoring his cousins who were having difficulty with math. To make it easier to communicate with them, he decided to put the lessons online as a series of videos. His cousins quickly found that they preferred seeing Khan online.“___36___ (have) a video lesson that they could pause and repeat made it easier to learn ” commented Wired magazine. without tiring their tutor.He started to realize that the videos could help a lot more people and never grow old. He then quit his job, made more than 4,800 videos teaching math of all grades, put them online, and started Khan Academy in 2006.“My ideas about teaching were straightforward and deeply personal. I wanted to teach in the way I wished that I___37___(teach). I hoped to show the joy of learning, the excitement of understanding things about the universe. I wanted to pass along to students not only the logic but the beauty of math and science,” he wrote in his book The One World Schoolhouse: Education Reimagined.The academy has become so popular across the world___38___ celebrities and businesspeople are starting to offer donations, including Microsoft founder Bill Gates. He has donated more than $9 million (about 57 million yuan) to the academy organization, reported Forbes.However, Khan doesn’t want to make money from it. “My goal is to make learning faster for students of all ages. ___39___ so little effort on my own part, I can give a large number of people power for all time. I can’t think of a___40___ (good) use of my time,” Khan said in his TED talk.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.You never think it will happen to you. It was just a Friday night at a rock show. The ___41___was so happy and everyone was dancing and smiling. And then when the men came through the front entrance and began the shooting, we naively believed it was all part of the show. It wasn’t just a terrorist___42___, it was a massacre. Dozens of people were shot right in front of me. Pools of blood filled the floor. Cries of grown men who held their girlfriends’ dead bodies pierced the small music concert hall. Futures ruined, families___43___.In an instant.Shocked and alone, I pretended to be dead for over an hour, lying among people who couldsee their loved ones ___44___. Holding my breath, trying to not move, not cry - not givingthose men the fear they longed to see. I was___45___ lucky to survive.But so many didn’t. The people who had been there for the exact same reasons as I - to have a fun Friday night were___46___. This world is cruel. And acts like this are supposed to highlight the depravity of humans and the images of those men circling us like vultures will haunt me for the rest of my life. The way they___47___ aimed at shot people around the standing area I was in the centre of without any ___48___ for human life. It didn’t feel real. I expected any moment for s omeone to say it was just a(n) ___49___.But being a survivor of this horror lets me able to shed light on the heroes. you make me believe this world has the___50___to be better. To never let this happen again.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For most people today, their GPS (Global Positioning System) has become a lifeline, giving directions to the nearest bathroom or restaurant. But the___51___ we pay for the convenience could be our sense of___52___.“I do think GPS devices cause our navigational skills to atrophy (萎缩),” said Nora Newcombe, a psychologist at Temple Universit y in the US who studies how the human brain ___53___. “The problem is that you don’t see an overview (概貌) of the area and where you are in relation to other things.”To understand the risk, you first need to ___54___ how our brain keeps us from getting lost. Through experiments, researchers have found that our navigational strategies usually fall into two groups.The first involves a spatial (空间的) map inside your brain. As you___55___ an area, you think about how the streets fit together and the best way to get between different locations. ___56___, the map lets you navigate between any two points in the area.The second involves a series of landmarks and steps: Turn right at the gas station, and your school is on the left. It’s quick and reliable, ___57___ less flexible –it doesn’t help you get from yourschool to a totally new place, even if it’s nearby.These two methods might not sound all that different, but according to Newcombe’s research, people who are bad at navigation have trouble with the first strategy –creating spatial maps. ___58___, through further studies Newcombe has come to believe that people’s ability to create spatial maps is decided by how___59___ we use the skill.That helps___60___ what happens when people trust themselves with GPS devices. According to Veronique Bohbot of McGill University, people using navigation based on direction show more activity in their caudate nucleus (尾状核) – the part of the brain that is good at following directions –but less activity in the hippocampus (海马体), which creates the spatial maps.It turns out that our sense of direction isn’t the only thing we could lose.One thing that could go is our___61___ to the environment we travel through. Researchers have found that when people___62___ GPS directions while driving, their memory of their trip is of a route on a___63___ , rather than the landscape they traveled through.___64___, researchers believe that active navigation___65___ the type of thinking used in all kinds of spatial processes. “It’s things like urban planning, and looking at a map to see where resources are. That’s not replaceable by your phone,” Newcombe said.51. A. price B. service C. attention D. curiosity52. A. balance B. direction C. control D. satisfaction53. A. works B. thinks C. learns D. navigates54. A. decide B. calculate C. understand D. predict55. A. explore B. cover C. travel D. map56. A. Unfortunately B. Eventually C. Slowly D. Reluctantly57. A. even B. although C. but D. much58. A. For example B. As a result C. In fact D. What’s more59. A. often B. much C. long D. soon60. A. move B. evaluate C. explain D. detect61. A. judgment B. connection C. decision D. treatment62. A. rely on B. focus on C. object to D. adapt to63. A. window B. key C. press D. screen64. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Above all65. A. displays B. improves C. provides D. involvesSection BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, and C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Not everyone who has cancer dies from it. In fact, there are nearly 12 million cancer survivors living in the United States today. However, if your loved one's cancer cannot be cured or controlled with treatment, then planning for how you and your loved one will handle the last stages of the disease can ease the burden for both of you. Ideally, you should make these decisions together, while your loved one is well enough to participate. Doing so can help give your loved one a sense of control and relieve you from having to make difficult decisions on your own at a time when you need to grieve.What kinds of things should we plan for?Palliative care:The goals of palliative care include relieving pain, improving emotional, spiritual and mental well being, and support for family members. A number of people can be involved in providing care, including members of the health care team, family, friends, a counselor or spiritual advisor. Palliative care can take place in a hospice setting.Hospice care:Talk with your loved one about hospice care and advanced directives. Hospice care is for people whose illness can’t be cured or controlled with treatment. Hospice focuses on providing the most dignified, pain-free existence possible to people in their last stage of life. Advanced directives are instructions on what kind of care your loved one wishes to receive when he or she becomes unable to make medical decisions.Financial and legal issues:You and your loved one may wish to have an accountant or lawyer help you sort through financial and legal issues. You can review items such as your loved one's insurance policies, finances and his or her will. Make a list of people who should be contacted upon the death of your loved one, such as friends and family, employer, financial advisor and members of his or her place of worship. You may also want to make a list of where to find items like important documents, computer or cell phone details, car keys, credit cards and passport.Funeral arrangements:Perhaps the most difficult part of this process is planning your loved one's funeral. Talk with your loved one about his or her preferences (for example, burial or cremation) in relation to your budget. Ask your loved one how he or she wants the service to be conducted. For example, you may want to discuss hymns or readings to include in the ceremony and people your loved one would like to have as pallbearers. Don't feel that any detail is too small to discuss. When selecting a funeral provider, be sure to compare prices, services and payment options. It will be easier to do this sooner rather than later.66. The following measures are often used in palliative care period except ____________.A. relieving the patient’s painB. improving the mental state of the patientC. curing the patientD. supporting for family members67. What is the most important thing we should do during the hospice care stage?A. Respect the patient and providing him with comfort and careB. Talking with him about the money matters involving treatment.C. Making decision with him about the funeral issues.D. Inviting all family members and his friends to visit him.68. The underlined word pallbearers in the last paragraph most probably refer to the peoplewho_____.A. volunteer to help dying patientB. carry the coffin for the deadC. deal with burial or cremation issuesD. help the dying handle financial and legal issues69. What is the most appropriate title of the passage?A. How to Deal With DeathB. Facing Death RealisticallyC. The Last Chance for the DyingD. End-of-Life Issues for the Caregiver(B)Information on Metabolic Syndrome (新陈代谢综合征)70. After reading through the graph, we can clearly see that ____________is now a high priority to maintain good health.A. controlling body weightB. balancing daily dietC. reducing salt intakeD. drinking skim milk71. Suppose you have high blood press ure, what thing you needn’t do?A. Reducing salt in your dietB. Losing weight moderatelyC. Raising omega-3 fatty acids intakeD. Getting 3 glasses of skim milk daily72. If you are suggested that you have to replace white bread with brown bread, You probably havethe health problem of ____________A. high triglycerides levelB. high blood sugar after fastingC. abdominal obesityD. low HDL (good) cholesterol73. We can infer from the graph that_____________.A. keeping slim is a fashionable trend nowadays.B. stopping smoking can make us healthy mentally and physically.C. taking less meat and salt can help maintain normal blood pressure.D. a little lifestyle changing can make a big difference in our body condition.(C)The vast, rural stretches of the United States have, in many ways, defined the American spirit. Up until the 20th century, the majority of Americans lived in the countryside, in what’s called “Middle America” or “the Heartland”.But researc h has shown that growing up in America’s Heartland can put students at a disadvantage when it comes to their college education. This, in turn, can hinder (to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed )their social mobility.A 2015 study released by the US Department of Education investigated the gap between urban and rural college students, by concentrating on a group of high school graduates from Indiana.US’ national statistics had previously shown that only 27 percent of rural students enroll in college, compared to 37 percent of city kids.What the study found was that urban and rural students left high school with similar academic backgrounds. Yet, the rural students were more inclined to settle for two-year colleges or less selective universities, even though they had the potential to attend to better schools.The researchers say distance heavily influenced the students’ decisions. “The farther rural graduates’ high schools were from colleges, the more likely rural graduates were to enroll i n a two-year college or to ‘undermatch’ with a college,” the report read. Many of the rural students indicated that living close to family was a priority.But the researchers also noted that resources were scarcer for the rural students. Selective universities tended to concentrate their recruitment efforts on dense, urban centers, where there were more students to meet.A rural teen’s educational opportunities may also depend on gender. Casey Quinlan, writing for The Atlantic, notes that rural women are mo re likely to marry sooner. “Early marriage occurs most frequently among young adults with low educational background,” Quinlan said, citing a 2010 study.But the problem of social mobility isn’t limited to the rural population. The United States has one of the highest rates of income inequality among developed nations. And by some measures, rural residents might have an advantage.Stanford University’s 2015 Poverty and Inequality Report found that poverty was hardest to escape in the American South, and in places with high racial segregation. It concluded that urban areas actually “tend to have lower rates of social mobility than rural areas”.“The successful children growing up in rural areas do not just‘move up’but also generally ‘move out’. That is, they typically move to large metropolitan areas, often out of their state of birth,” the report explained.Rural areas are also hoping to give their residents a boost up the social ladder. In Kansas, graduates can get $15,000 (95,297 yuan) to pay off their student debt if they move to a rural county. They keep more money in their pockets and get to enjoy more economic freedom as a result.74.What is the main reason that the rural graduates choose to enter two-year college or to‘undermatch’ with a college?A. The graduates in the rural areas start a family as early as possible.B.Many of the graduates regard living close to family as a priority.C.A rural teen’s educational opportunities may also depend on gender.D. Most young adults with low educational backgrounds lose the chance easily.75. The successful children growing up in rural areas do not just‘move up’but also generally ‘moveout’Here ‘move up’ means that they can___________.A. enjoy luxury life like top classB. develop themselves faster than everC. come into the top class of a collegeD. climb to the top of the social ladder76. From the research released by the US Department of Education, we know that ____________.A. the gender gap might hinder the development of the graduates in the rural areaB. the distance outweighs the academic backgrounds in graduates decision makingC. the social ladder gap might stop graduates from being enrolled into better collegesD. the racial segregation stops the graduates in the rural area getting high salary77. From what author has described in the last paragraph We can predict that _______________.A. the policy might encourage girls in the rural area marry earlierB. the policy might attract more graduates to work in the rural areaC. the policy might make selective universities to focus on the rural areaD. the policy might make it easier for the graduates to develop better and fasterSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 10 words.The huge fortunes made by the world’s richest 100 billionaires are increasing inequality and making it difficult for the world to tackle ( handle) poverty, according to Oxfam.The charity said the accumulation of wealth and income often led to a reduction in secure jobs and decent wages for the poorest people. This made it more difficult for people who survive on aid or low wages to improve their situation and escape poverty.Oxfam said the world’s poorest could be take n out of poverty several times over if the richest 100 billionaires would give away the money they made in 2012.Without naming anyone, the charity argued that the $240bn made in 2012 by the richest 100 billionaires would be enough to end extreme poverty four times over.It is unusual for charities to attack the wealthy, because they are usually seen as a source ofmoney. Bill Gates and Warren Buffett are among a group of 40 US billionaires who have said they will give much of their wealth to aid projects, but there is little detail about the level of their annual donations. Russian, Middle Eastern or Chinese billionaires have not promised to do the same.In the report, The Cost of Inequality: How Wealth and Income Extremes Hurt Us All, published just before the World Economic Forum in Davos, the charity asks world leaders to commit to reducing inequality to at least 1990 levels.The report found that the richest 1% had increased their incomes by 60% in the past 20 years. And the financial crisis has sped up, not slowed, the process.Barbara Stocking, Oxfam’s Chief Executive, said studies show that countries suffer low levels of investment and growth as workers are forced to survive on a smaller share of total incomes.She said: “We can no longer pretend that the creation of wealth for a few will benefit the many –too often the reverse is true.”The report said the issue affected all parts of the world. “In the UK, inequality is rapidly returning to levels not seen since the nineteenth century. In China, the top 10% now earn nearly 60% of the income. Chinese inequality levels are now similar to those in South Africa, which is now the most unequal country on Earth.”In the US, the share of national income going to the top 1% has doubled since 1980 from 10 to 20%, the report says.Members of the richest 1% are estimated to cause as much as 10,000 times more pollution than the average US citizen.Oxfam said world leaders should learn from countries such as Brazil, which has grown rapidly while reducing inequality.Stocking said: “We need to reverse decades of increasing inequality. As a first step, world leaders should formally agree to reduce inequality to the levels seen in 1990.”She said closing tax havens, which holds as much as $31 trillion, or as much as a third of all global wealth, could collect $189bn in additional taxes.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. According to Oxfam only ______ dollars would be needed to tackle world poverty.79. Why do Oxfam especially criticize billionaires in China, Russia and the Middle East?80. In what way is it claimed that billionaires cause environmental damage?81. What one action could relieve much of the poverty in the world?第II卷（共47 分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.不好意思，他现在不在，请过会儿再来电。

2015学年第二学期高三教学调研(2016。

03)英语试卷考生注意：本卷共10页.全卷满分150分；答卷时间120分钟。

第I卷17—24和第II卷答在答题卷上，其余将答案点涂在答题卡上。

第I 卷（共105分）I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。

The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She had lost the dictionary。

B。

She had brought the dictionary.C. She failed to remind Mr。

Smith of the dictionary.D. She forget giving the dictionary to Mr. Smith。

2.A。

25 pounds B。

26 pounds C。

72 pounds D. 144 pounds3.A。

Tony shouldn’t give up so easily。

B. Tony can find a better reason。

上海市⼋校⾼三英语3⽉联合调研考试试题上海市⼋校2015届⾼三英语3⽉联合调研考试试题I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Scotland is a unique place, full of history, where you can find noble palaces and castles, as well as the traditional parade in national costumes. It has some of 25__________(beautiful) cities in Europe, a living proof of a proud and splendid past.In order to see the true soul of Scotland today, what shaped the character of this splendid region, we 26________________go towards the northern regions, to the Grampian Mountains. Beautiful and unspoiled, it was difficult to farm. The Scots conquered the environment with simple spades and strong arms.The history of this ancient struggle, and its people’s ancient love affair with the hard land, 27__________(enclose) within the walls of the Angus Folk Museum. You are able to get a feel of the typical rural atmosphere of times past from the everyday necessities 28__________(display) here. From coastal Aberdeen in towards the interior of the Grampian Mountains there 29 __________(run) the Castle Trail, a road that touches on many fortresses, 30 __________ are witnesses of continual rebellions against the ruling of neighboring England in Scottish history. Perhaps the most uplifting moment for Scottish autonomy(⾃治) is the 31_________ which was experienced inside this ancient church of Arbroath, 32__________, in 1320, the Declaration of Independence was celebrated at the encouragement of King Robert the Bruce. He carried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero William Wallace, to whom cinema has devoted the wonderful film “Brave Heart”, the winner of five Oscars.(B)Alice worked in the dry goods store from eight in the morning until six at night. As time passed and she became more and more lonely she began to practice the devices common 33_________ lonely people. When at night she went upstairs into her own room she knelt on the floor to pray and in her prayers 34_________ (whisper) things she wanted to say to her lover. The trick of saving money, begun for a purpose, was carried on after the scheme of going to the city 35_________(find) Ned Currie, had been given up. It became a fixed habit, and when she needed new clothes she did not get them. Sometimes on rainy afternoons in the store she got out her bank book and, 36_________ (let) it lie open before her, spent hours37_________(dream) impossible dreams of saving money enough 38_________ _________ the interest would support both herself and her future husband.In the dry goods store weeks ran into months and months into years as Alice waited and dreamed of her lover's return. Her employer, a grey old man with false teeth and a thin grey mustache that drooped down over his mouth, was not given to conversation, and sometimes, on rainy days and in the winter 39_________ a storm raged in Main Street, long hours passed when no customers came in. Alice arranged and rearranged the stock. She stood near the front window where she could lookdown the deserted street and thought of the evenings when she had walked with Ned Currie and of 40_________ he had said.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlyAre you a science fan? If so, which area interests you: physics, chemistry, or biology? Whichever area it is, science is all about finding answers and 41 _______. Sure, we can read books and find out how many things work and learn equations or formulas to help us better understand the world around us. However, the information we 42 _______from books needs to be put into practice and then used in research to make further 43 _______.The annual “Shanghai Future Science Stars” Contest was held recently, with a variety of entries in different fields, from physics to medicine, submitted(提交) by adolescent science enthusiasts from across the city. This year some notable submissions, ranging from a jumping robotic frog to the 44 _______properties of titanium dioxide(⼆氧化钛) on hair against UV rays, 45 _______the adolescent scientists’ innovations and research skills.In the past, China was a culture of creativity and innovation that contributed some major 46 _______to the world, such as the printing press, paper, the compass and gunpowder. This contest is aimed at nurturing(培养) that creativity and 47_______people to put into practice what they’ve learnt from books.This nurturing needs to be started in school; science needs to be taught in a way that is fun and engages students’minds. Simply studying other people’s experiments and being told the results isn’t something that 48 _______a student’s imagination. If students are able to conduct some of the smaller experiments themselves, then maybe they will discover a passion for science they didn’t know they had before.The world is always 49 _______. Today’s scientists and innovators won’t be around forever, so now is the time to find new talent. The next Einstein or Edison might be sitting next to you in class, or it could even be you and you just don’t know it. These competitions are aimed at giving people hands-on experience and the platform to show what they can do.Next time you’re in class, don’t just read and listen; try to think of ways what you are learning can be 50 _______to real-life situations. Look around! It’s an interesting world and maybe you can make it a little better to live in.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Arabs consider it extremely bad manners to start talking business immediately. Even the busiest government official or executive always takes 51_______ time to be polite and offer refreshments. No matter how busy you are, you should make time for this hospitality.The "conference visit" is a way of doing business throughout the Arab world. Frequently, you will have to discuss your business 52_______ strangers, who may or may not have anything to do with your business. Do not be surprised if your meeting is 53_______ several times by people who come into the room unannounced, 54_______ or speak softly to the person with whom you are talking, and 55_______. Act 56_______ you do not hear, and never show displeasure at being interrupted. Making decisions 57_______ is not an Arab custom. There is a vagueness in doing business in the Middle East that 58_______ a newcomer. Give yourself lots of time and ask lots of questions. 59_______ is an important quality. You may have to wait two or three days to see high-level government officials as they are very busy. Give yourself enough time. Personal relationships are very important. They are the key to doing business in Arab countries. Try to 60_______ the decision-maker regarding your product service immediately and get to know him on a friend basis. Do your 61_______. Be prepared to discuss details of your product or proposal. Be ready to answer technical questions. Familiarize yourself with the Moslem and national holidays. 62_______ a visit during Ramadan, the Moslem month of fasting. Most Arab countries have six-day workweek form. Saturday through Thursday. When matched with the Monday to Friday practice in most Western countries, it leaves only three and a half workdays shared. Remember this in planning your appointments. Moslems do not eat pork. Some are strict about the religion’s prohibition against alcoholic beverages. If you are not sure, wait for your63_______to suggest the proper thing to drink.When an Arab says yes, he may mean "64_______". When he says maybe, he probably means "no". You seldom get a direct "no" from an Arab because it is considered 65_______. Also, he does not want to close his options. Instead of “no”, he will say “inshallah”, which means, “if God is willing”. On the other hand, "yes" does not necessarily mean "yes". A smile and a slow nod might seem like an agreement, but in fact, your host is being polite. An Arab considers it impolite to disagree with a guest.51. A. extra B. little C. dinner D. no52. A. at the mention of B. in the presence of C. on behalf of D. with the help of53. A. honored B. hosted C. interrupted D. interpreted54. A. sneeze B. signal C. wave D. whisper55. A. cry B. leave C. smile D. stand56. A. as though B. if only C. even if D. so that57. A. carefully B. finally C. quickly D. unwillingly58. A. encourages B. greets C. puzzles D. welcomes59. A. Bravery B. Courage C. Diligence D. Patience60. A. admire B. identify C. respect D. thank61. A. experiment B. homework C. pray D. business62. A. Avoid B. Pay C. Reject D. Request63. A. boss B. friend C. host D. official64. A. yes B. no C. maybe D. inshallah65. A. direct B. formal C. hospitable D. impoliteSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Should parents send their freshmen off to campus armed with a debit or credit card to learn how to handle money? Or is it better to keep firm control through the Bank of Mom and Dad? The "correct" answer will vary by family and personal preference.The Credit Card Act that took effect 2.5 years ago made it much harder for anyone under 21 to get a card. Gone are the days of card issuers collecting plenty of new customers on campus by handing out free T-shirts or rewards points for spring break.Under-21s can still obtain a credit card if they have a qualified co-signer or proof of sufficient income to repay the debt. And card issuers still market aggressively to college students, targeting them with pre-screened mail offers. That makes parents, as the likeliest co-signers, more involved in the card-or-no-card decision.Robyn Kahn Federman of Rochester, N.Y., says there’s “no way” she’ll let either of her two daughters have a credit card at such a financially tender age. Her daughter Sarah, who’s 19 and about to start her second year of college, uses Robyn’s PayPal card instead. That lets her mom fund the balance and see how she spends her money.“I don’t think anything related to debt belongs in the hands of a college kid,” says Federman, communications director of a marketing agency. “The vast majority are not experienced enough with money or aware enough of the risks.”Some students, though, have shown they’re disciplined enough to have their own card on campus. Scott Gamm, 20, a junior at New York University's Stern School of Business, used his income from freelance(⾃由职业的) work and blogging to obtain a Visa card and then an American Express card. He charges $200 to $300 on them monthly and pays every bill in full.But he has friends who obtained three or four cards within a year and now have big debts.“The more credit you have access to, especially at that young age, the higher the probability you’ll use that card to finance fancy clothes, restaurants and entertainment.” says Gamm.66. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?A. People hold different opinions about their kids using credit cardsB. Credit cards are useful in helping deal with money matters.C. It is better to have Mom and Dad who now run a bank.D. The new Act made it impossible to get a credit card for freshmen.67. To obtain a credit card, an under-21 has to .A. own a credit card of his own previouslyB. have someone to repay the possible debtC. turn to their parents to get their permissionD. ask their parents to write the application letter68. We may infer from the case of Sarah that PayPal card .A. is a kind of credit cardB. funds the balance automaticallyC. has access to creditD. keeps records of money spent69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Credit Card ActB. Students and credit cardsC. Card issuers and studentsD. Parents and choice of cards(B)Dan Bilsker PhD(Lead Author)Dan is a clinicalpsychologist who works at Vancouver General Hospital and consults to a mental health research group at the University of BritishColumbia.Merv Gilbert PhDMerv is a clinicalpsychologist workingat British Columbia’sChildren’s Hospitaland in private practicein Vancouver.David Worling PhDDavid is a clinicalpsychologist workingin private practice inVancouver.E. Jane GarlandM.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Jane is a psychiatristwith a Mood/AnxietyDisorders Clinic whodoes research atthe University ofBritish Columbia onthe treatment ofmood problems.Dealing with Depression is based on the experience of the authors and on scientific research about which strategies work best in overcoming depression. Also, because strategies useful for adults may not be useful for adolescents, depressed and non-depressed teens helped in the development of this guide.Dealing with Depression is intended for:* teens with depressed mood* concerned adults who want to help a depressed teen* other teens who want to help a friend or family memberThis guide is meant to provide teens with accurate information about depression. It is not a psychological or medical treatment, and is not a replacement for treatment where this is needed. If expert assistance or treatment is needed, the services of a competent professional should be sought.Funding for this guide is provided by the Mental Health Evaluation & Community Consultation Unit (MHECCU) of The University of British Columbia through a grant by the Ministry of Children and Family Development, as part of the provincial Child and Youth Mental Health Plan.70. According to the passage, Dealing with Depression is targeted at .A. researches on depressionB. clinical psychologists giving treatmentC. adults with depressed moodD. people concerned with mood problems71. The four cartoon figures are .A. professionals at universitiesB. natives of British ColumbiaC. clinical psychologistsD. co-authors lead by Dan Bilsker72. What can we learn from the passage?A. Depressed teens provide accurate information about depression.B. Competent professionals will come to provide services if needed.C. Dealing with Depression receives government financial support.D. Dealing with Depression offers expert assistance and treatment.73. After reading this page, we can conclude that it is probably .A. an advertisement for medicineB. an introduction of a guidebookC. a cartoon about psychologistsD. an introduction of a health problem(C)Edgar Degas, J. M. W. Turner and other painters captured centuries of atmospheric records as they decorated canvases with sunset scenes.Greek scientists worked with an artist to confirm that the ratio of red to green in sunset painting, both old and new, increased when particles filled the air, such as after major volcanic eruption(⽕⼭喷发) or dust storms. The atmospheric physicists also found a gradual shift in artistic sunset hues over centuries, possibly due to ever-increasing air pollution during the Industrial Revolution.An earlier study, led by atmospheric physicist Christos Zerefos of the Academy of Athens in Greece, discovered that the amount of red relative to green in sunset descriptions increased after eruptions, including Tambora, Indonesia in 1815, Coseguina, Nicaragua in 1835 and Krakatau, Indonesia in 1883.Zerefos’ team analyzed 554 paintings created between 1550 and 1990. For up to three years after eruptions, sunsets reddened as sunlight bounced off dust and gas from the volcanoes. The latest study, also by Zerefos, used improved scanning and analysis techniques to confirm the earlier results.A modern painter, Panayiotis Tetsis, unknowingly repeated the artistic atmospheric observations of classical masters. In the artists’ description of sunsets light over the Greek island of Hydra, the color ratio shifted towards red in paintings done both before (June 19, 2010) and after (June 20, 2010) a dust cloud from Sahara Desert filtered the sunset’s light.Zerefos’team connected the timing of classical paintings’red shift to other records of the atmosphere trapped in ice cores from Greenland, in the recent study published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. The ice cores recorded spikes(尖刺) in sulfur-containing chemicals likely from volcanoes. These spikes corresponded in time to artists’ increasingly dark red sunsets.The comparison of ice and art also revealed a slow shift in the coloring of the sunset. As the factories of Europe roared into production in the 19th and early 20th century, painting described a steady increase in the red to green ratio. The ice cores recorded a steady rise in airborne particles from industrial pollution during the same time.74. The underlined word “hues” in the second paragraph probably means .A. anglesB. colorsC. locationsD. times75. What do we know about Zerefos’ research from the passage?A. Both modern and ancient artists describing sunset are involved in the research.B. It confirmed an obvious increase in the ratio of green to red in sunset paintings.C. The shift from green to red also existed in the records of ice cores trapped items.D. The team used traditional techniques to confirm the earlier results of the research.76. How did Zerefos’ team confirm that atmospheric records kept by painters were reliable?A. By analyzing classical paintingsB. By connecting time to colorC. By comparing art with iceD. By working with an artist77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. A modern research of ancient art and ice with pollution.B. Art Masterpiece and pollutants trapped in ice cores.C. An increase in the ratio of red to green in paintingsD. Art Masterpiece Recorded Centuries of Pollution.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Six thousand years ago, farmers in Mesopotamia dug a ditch to bring water from the Euphrates River. With that successful effort to satisfy their thirsty crops, they went on to form the world’s first irrigation(灌溉)-based civilization. Sumerian farmers harvested plentiful crops for some 2,000 years thanks to the extra water brought in from the river, but the soil, when water evaporates(蒸发), was eventually reduced to salinization, the poisonous buildup of salts and other substances left behind. Far more people depend on irrigation in the modern world than did in ancient Sumeria. About 40 percent of the world’s food now grows in irrigated soils, which make up 18 percent of global cropland. Farmers who irrigate can typically get in two or three harvests every year and get higher crop yields. As a result. the spread of irrigation has a key factor behind the great increase in global grain production since 1950. Done correctly, irrigation will continue to play a leading role in feeding the world, but as history shows, dependence on irrigated agriculture also brings about significant risks.Fortunately, a great deal of room exists for improving the productivity of water used in agriculture.A first line of attack is to increase irrigation efficiency. At present, most farmers irrigate their crops by flooding their fields or channeling the water down parallel furrows(犁沟), relying on gravity move the water across the land. The plants absorb only a small fraction of the water; the rest drains into rivers or evaporates. In many locations this practice not only wastes and pollutes water but also degrades the land through water logging and salinization. More efficient and environmentally sound technologies exist that could reduce water demand on farms by up to 50 percent.Drip systems rank high among irrigation technologies with significant untapped potential. Unlike flooding techniques, drip systems enable farmers to deliver water directly to the plants’ roots drop by drop, nearly eliminating waste. Studies in India, Israel, Jordan, Spain and the US have shown time and again that drip irrigation reduces water use by 30 to 70 percent and increase crop yield by 20 to 90 percent compared with flooding methods. Sprinklers can perform almost as well as drip methods when they are designed properly. Traditional high-pressure irrigation sprinklers spray water high into the air to cover as large a land area as possible. The problem is that the more time the water spends in the air, the more of it evaporates and blows off course before reaching the plants. In contrast, new low-energy sprinklers deliver water in small doses through nozzles(喷嘴) placed just above the ground. Numerous farmers in Texas who have fixed such sprinklers have found that their plants absorb 90 to 95 percent of the water that leaves the sprinkler nozzles.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The ancient irrigation-based civilization in Mesopotamia brought about both .79. The underlined word “practice”in paragraph 3 refers to farmers’efforts toto irrigate their crops.80. The two examples listed in the passage as efficient ways of irrigation are .81. We may infer from the passage that irrigation has already , though its potential risks do exist.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我们通常需要⼀个星期才能从流感中恢复健康。

参考答案及听力录音稿听力理解1-5 ABBCB 6-10 CCCAB 11-15 ACCBB 16-20 ABAAB阅读理解21-24 BDCC 25-28 CBBC 29-32 CDAB 33-35 CBD 36-40 DFACG完形填空41-45ADBCB 46-50 ABADC 51-55 ADABC 56-60 AACDB语法填空61. giving 62. announced 63. issued 64. before 65. to control66. growth 67. to 68. who/that 69. a 70. further短文改错My hobby is collecting stamps. I had stamps from many countries, like England,haveCanada, China and the other countries. Yesterday, one of my favorite stamp was lost,stampsthis made me really upset. I looked for it anywhere and asked everybody in the room,which everywherebut still I couldn’t find them. “Where could it have gone?” I thought to myself,it“M aybe I should tell my teacher.” With my eyes filling with tears,filledI came in Mr. Li’s office. “Don’t be so worrying!” M r. Li told me with a smile,to/into worried“You must∧put it somewhere else. I am sure it will turn up soon. ”have书面表达Dear classmates,Good afternoon!Today is December 8th. The college entrance exams are really around the corner now. As time becomes limited and school work begins to pile up, many students start to feel much stressed --some find themselves very unenergetic and not able to concentrate; some even fall asleep in class. What should we do to avoid this?First of all, physical exercise is the best way to reduce stress and help people relax. Therefore it is highly advisable that we have some physical exercise after some hours of mental exercise. Second, having a proper study plan is of great importance too，since it can remind us what to do and is helpful for us to do our work more efficiently. Last but not least, we should pay special attention to our diet as well. Anyway, a balanced and nutritious diet can keep a busy mind smartand energetic.Only if we can do these three things mentioned above will we make our time of study and preparation work enjoyable, efficient and fruitful.Thank you.TranscriptText 1W: Good morning, Hank. It is wonderful to be back in England.M: I’m so glad to see you again. It’s over ten years now since we left university.Text 2M: Can I help you?W: I’d like to order the machines we talked about yesterday. Can I have them within two days? M: Sure. I’ll send them by air.Text 3W: Where are you going to plant the tree? By the front door?M: No, that would be silly. It’ll grow too big. I’m going to put it at the back of the garage.W: I thought it would be better right at the other end of the garden.M: Oh, no.Text 4W: I’m really angry at John. He never listens to me.M: Take it easy, Alan. Things will work out.Text 5W; Bob, are you going straight home after school today?M: No, I have a class until one o’clock, and after that I’m going to spend a couple of hours at the library before going home.Text 6M: Hey, Let’s eat out tonight.W: Why? You won a big prize?M: Well, I only want to relax.W: Really? It’s very nice of you.M: I’ll take you anywhere you want to go.W: Wonderful!Text 7W: So, how did it go?M: Better than I had expected.W: Didn’t I tell you that you were more fit for the job than others?M: My education is OK. But I don’t have the experience of working on a project like this. Myknowledge is mostly theoretical. That is why I am not so sure about getting this job.W: I think what matters is that you have the ability to use your knowledge in your work.M: I hope my interviewers feel that way.W: Don’t you think they do?M: I don’t know. All of them are experts in this field.W: Don’t worry. I am sure they should call you.Text 8M: Did you see the list of books for this course?W: Yes, Dr. Downs said he expected us to have the first five on the list. He is going to discuss them in detail.M: Are you going to buy them?W: I don’t know. These books are expensive. And I don’t have a lot of money with me.M: How about sharing them with me?W: Sounds good.M: Let’s do this. I will buy three and you buy two of them.W: I would rather do it this way: We pay fifty-fifty of the books now. And at the end of the course you can take the books you find more interesting and I will take the ones like.M: What if we both like the same books?W: Come on, we are not going to argue over that. Are we?M: I was just joking. It’s definitely a better idea.W: Then let’s get the books as soon as possible.Text 9M: Good morning, Lucy, Can I help you?W: Good morning, sir. I’d like to talk with you about my studies for a minute, if you may.M: Certainly, come in and have a seat.W: Thank you. I have a record of my studies from last year. Would you like to see it?M: Yes, let me see now. You are studying mathematics, aren’t you?W: Yes, I am. But I’d like to apply for their admission to the engineering college next year.M: I see. Have you asked your parents for their advice about this?W: Yes, I have. They think it is a good idea.M: Well, your record here has been very good. I don’t think you will have much trouble.W: I hope not. Anyway, I am going to apply. And I’d like to ask you to write a recommendation for me, if it is not too much trouble.M: Not trouble at all. I’d be glad to do it. Is there anything else?W: No, sir, I think that is all. Thank you very much.Text 10Above 3,000people swam across a river in Guangdong Province in a move to make people more aware of environmental protection for the major waterway in south China.The swimmers including teenagers and elders in their 60s, crossed the 450-meter-wide section of the Pearl River in Guangzhou。

上海八校2016届高三联合调研考试英语试题第I 卷II．Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence．25．The previous lecture focused on the reading problems in new words, while this lecture will turn to ____ in complex sentence structures．A．that B．one C．those D．ones26．It is a common sense that ____ for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin．A．exposed B．being exposed C．exposing D．to expose27．The 16th Asian Games, attracting the attention from all over the world, ____ in Guangzhou from November 12 to 27, 2015．A．was held B．has been held C．were held D．would be held 28．After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ____ in the host family, ____ him cleaning up．A．remaining, helped B．remaining, helpingC．remained, helped D．remained, helped29．Under the pressure of inflation, many families, nowadays in China, cry helplessly over ____ is left of their homes．A．what B．which C．there D．that30．The earth, expected by many experts, in the next few years, ____ possibly be hit by more extreme weather like thunderstorms．A．would B．may C．could D．should31．It is quite a time ____ Yao Ming got injured, and many fans hope it won’t be long ____ he returns to the court．A before, sinceB after, whenC since, beforeD that, when32．The connection between Paul of the New Orleans Hornets and James of the Miami Heat has strengthened during the past seven years, to the point ____ James thinks of Paul as his best friend in the NB A．A．which B．what C．that D．where33．The inclusion of acupuncture marks the acknowledgement ____ acupuncture was created by China, not other countries like South Korea, Japan, etc．A．what B．that C．which D．where34．Unfortunately, some ____ doctors are indifferent to patients, which causes many conflicts．A．licensed B．licensing C．license D．having licensed35．A new production, which has come to the cinema before what would have been Bruce Lee’s 70th birthday on November, ____ to fill the gap．A．aims B．aiming C．aimed D．to aim36．The little boy, who can play the piano perfectly, is thought to be ____ of a pianist．A somebodyB someoneC somethingD some one37．If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades ____, water shortage will become a hot issue all over the world．A．coming B．having come C．to come D．to be coming 38．---- Shall we attend the concert this evening?---- Great idea, ____ we can do some shopping first．A．when B．where C．since D．if 39．Determined to devote himself to those poor children, he chose to teach in a western province, though he ____ in the city for a better life．A could stayB would have stayedC could have stayedD had stayed40．So well ____ in 2015 that the world has agreed that it was the year of China．A．id China perform B．China has performedC．as China performed D．China is performingSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by choosing the words in the box．Each wordUsing the power of the sun is nothing new．People have had solar-powered calculators and buildings with solar panels for decades．But plants are the real experts: they’ve been using 41 as an energy source for billions of years．Cells in the green leaves of plants work 42 tiny factories to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches—stored energy that the plants can use, this conversion process is called photosynthesis（光合作用）．Unfortunately, 43 you’re a plant, it’s difficult and expensive to convert sun light into 44 energy．That’s why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it．In a world with increasing energy needs, researchers are always looking for new ways to power everything from cars to computers 45 putting more stress on the environment．That’s another reason why scientists are so interested in solar power—it doesn’t pollute the air, water, or land．And since the sun lights and warms the entire planet, the ability to harness its energy could provide a clean energy 46 for everyone．The main sources of energy that people use today are called fossil fuels, such as natural gas, oil, and coal．Unfortunately, the supply of fossil fuel is 47 ．Once we use all the coal and oil in the Earth, they’re gone for good．The sun, on the other hand, is a 48 energy source．No matter how we tap it for energy, the sun will be around –at least for the next few billion years．There’s another problem with 49 fossil fuels—pollution．The ideal energy sources of the future will be ―clean‖: they won’t produce carbon dioxide and other gases that pollute the environment as fossil fuels do．III．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct．8, 2005．It took some 75000 lives, 50 130000 and left nearly 3．5 million without food, jobs or homes．51 overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed 52 the region, tended by international aid organizations, military 53 and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set in．Mercifully, the season was mild．But with the 54 of spring, the refugees will be moved again．Camps that 55 health care, food and shelter for 150000 survivors have begun to close as they were 56 intended to be permanent．For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings 57 emotions．The past six months have been difficult．Families of as many as 10 people have had to shelter 58 a single tent and share cook stoves and bathing 59 with neighbours．― They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,‖ officials say．―They are dreaming of free fresh fruit．They want to get back to their herds and start 60 again．‖ But most will be returning to 61 but heaps of ruins．In many villages, electrical 62 have not been repaired, nor have roads．Aid workers 63 that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took away．And for the thousands of survivors, the 64 will never be complete．50．A．injured B．ruined C．destroyed D．damaged 51．A．Altogether B．Almost C．Scarcely D．Surely 52．A．among B．above C．amid D．across 53．A．ranks B．equipment C．personnel D．installations 54．A．falling B．emergence C．arrival D．appearing 55．A．strengthened B．aided C．transferred D．provided 56．A．never B．once C．ever D．yet 57．A．puzzled B．contrasted C．doubled D．mixed58．A．by B．below C．under D．with 59．A．facilities B．instruments C．implements D．appliances 60．A．producing B．cultivating C．farming D．nourishing 61．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing 62．A．lines B．channels C．paths D．currents 63．A．account B．measure C．estimate D．evaluate 64．A．reservation B．retreat C．replacement D．recoverySection BDirections: Read the following passage．Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read．（A）Tui Na and Y our Emotional HealthIn Traditional Chinese Medicine the body, mind and spirit cannot be divided and so the unique whole-body treatment in Tui Na can also be a useful treatment correcting any imbalances in the body's energy before symptoms and disease can develop．It also works to restore emotional harmony as well as physical health．This is why after a Tui Na treatment many people "feel good"．Many people in China use Tui Na regularly to keep healthy and to deal with some specificillnesses．Tui Na is performed on the clothed body and the patient is either lying on a couch or sitting on a chair．Therapists using a variety of strokes or movements will control the intensity and direction of pressure in an exact way．The unique rolling movement in Tui Na is one of the most difficult strokes to learn and students have to practice sometimes for many months on a rice bag before they are allowed to practice on the human body．StressTui Na is of course very useful for treating stress．It distributes the energy around the whole body．It is believed that Tui Na moves the strong energy in the tense muscles to the weaker areas, thus making a more balanced body．When your Qi （energy in the body）flow is balanced you feel relaxed and comfortable．Tui Na is especially useful for stiff shoulders and tense neck muscles．EmotionsIn Traditional Chinese Medicine each major organ is linked to an emotion．By balancing the energy in the organ, the relevant emotion will be calmed．When your emotions are out of control, you would usually turn to your doctor or perhaps a psychotherapist．But perhaps some people would not like to be seeing a psychotherapist or feel nervous about discussing their problems with others．With Tui Na one does not need to tell the therapist anything one does not want to．The treatment of Tui Na can deal with the problem itself — although if one does need to talk, then the safe space is there to do so．An active dialogue between the therapist and the patient will help to get a better effect．How the major organs rule your emotionsEach major organ — the heart, the stomach, the spleen, the liver, the bladder, the kidneys, the lungs, etc．— is linked to a relevant emotion．The heart is linked to joy, excitement and sadness．If the heart is out of balance, the patient may dream a lot at night and often forget something important in the day．The stomach and spleen are connected with too much thinking or worrying —over anxiety．When the stomach is out of balance there is often a lack of energy．The patient often feels very tired and has no interest in doing anything at all．The liver and gall bladder are linked to anger．In Chinese Medicine the eyes are connected with the liver, and many people who suffer from anger often suffer from eye problems．The gall bladder rules decision-making and too much energy here can lead to rashness, while if there is too little it can bring about indecision．Where there is a history of depression, the therapist would look to the liver．The bladder and kidneys are linked to fear of all kinds, from simple anxieties and phobias to vague fears and worries．The lungs are connected with feelings of grief and sadness．When there is a history of grief, the therapist would look to the lungs．Tui Na is used in almost all the hospitals in China and very popular among Chinese people．It is a useful and valuable method of restoring Qi balance, when emotional and physical health is out of balance．Tui Na is one of the remaining secrets of Chinese Medicine．65．According to the passage, which statement is TRUE about Tui Na?A．Tui Na is a whole-body treatment and can't be divided into different parts．B．Tui Na can be used to balance the diseases before they can develop in the body．C．Tui Na can bring back not only physical health but also emotional health．D．Tui Na only makes people "feel good" but do not actually cure disease．66．How can the emotion be calmed?A．By linking the organ to an emotion．B．By telling the therapist anything one does not want to．C．By discussing their problems with others．D．By balancing the energy in the relevant organ．67．When the stomach is out of balance, ．A．the patient will have a stomachacheB．the patient will have a lot to worry aboutC．the patient will have nothing to doD．the patient will not feel like doing anything（B）Black BoxesAlthough they are called "black boxes", aviation recorders are actuallypainted orange．This distinct color, along with the strips of reflectivetape attached to the recorders' exteriors, helps investigators locatethe black boxes following an accident．These are especially helpfulwhen a plane lands in the water．There are two possible origins of the term " black boxes" ; Some believe it is because early recorders were painted black, while others think it refers to the charring that occurs in post-accident fires．In addition to the paint and reflective tape, black boxes are equipped with an underwater locator beacon （ULB）．If you look at the picture of a black box, you will almost always see a small, cylindrical object attached to one end of the device．This cylinder（圆筒）is actually a beacon．If a plane crashes into the water, this beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse that cannot be heard by human ears but is readily detectable by sonar and acoustical locating equipment．There is a sensor on the side of the beacon that looks like a bull's eye．When water touches this sensor, it activates the beacon．The beacon sends out pulses at 37．5 kilohertz （kHz）and can transmit sound as deep as 14,000 feet （4,267 m）．Once the beacon begins "pinging", it pings once per second for 30 days．This beacon is powered by a battery．In rare instances, the beacon may get snapped off during a high-impact collision．In the United States, when investigators locate a black box, it is transported to the computer labs at the National Transportation Safety Board （NTSB）．Special care is taken in transporting these devices in order to avoid any （further）damage to the recording medium．In the lab, investigators download the data from the recorders and attempt to recreate the events of the accident．This process can take weeks or months to complete．In the United States, black-boxes manufacturers supply the NTSB with the readout systems and software needed to do a full analysis of the recorders' stored data．A team of experts is usually brought in to interpret the recordings stored on a black box．This group typically includes a representative from the airline, a representative from the airplane manufacturer, an NTSB transportation-safety specialist and an NTSB air-safety investigator．This group may also include a language specialist from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and, if needed, an interpreter．This board attempts to interpret 30 minutes of words and sounds recordedby the black box．This can be a painstaking process and may take weeks to complete．The black box is an invaluable tool for any aircraft investigation．It is often the lone survivor of airplane accidents, and as such provides important clues to the cause that would be impossible to obtain any other way．As technology evolves, black boxes will continue to play a tremendous role in accident investigations．68．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text?A．Aviation recorders are known as the black boxes．B．Some people believe that the black box got its name because it was painted black．C．Some people believe that the black box got its name because of its colour after the accident．D．It is only the distinct orange colour that helps investigators locate the black boxes after an accident．69．What can activate the underwater locating beacon （ULB）?A．A bull's eye．B．Sonar．C．A sensor on the side of the beacon． D．Acoustical locating equipment．70．How many people are needed at least to interpret the recordings stored on a black box?A．Three．B．Four．C．Five．D．Six．71．Which word can best describe the process of interpreting recordings on a black box?A．Comfortable．B．Careful．C．Exciting．D．Suffering．（C）Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results．We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth．We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sulphur or lead in the at-mosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage in rivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before an examination?Causal reasoning may go from cause to effect or from effect to cause．Either way, we reason from what we know to what we want to find out．Sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to another effect．Thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, the refrig-erator won't work, we first relate the effect （lights out）to the cause （power off）and then relate that cause to another effect （refrigerator not working）．This kind of reasoning is called, for short, effect to effect．It is quite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations．When the lights go out we might reason in the following causal chain: lights out—power off—refrigera-tor not working—temperature will rise—milk will sour．In other words, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becoming the cause of the next．Causes are classified as necessary, sufficient, or contributory．A necessary cause is one which must be present for the effect to occur, as combustion（燃烧）is necessary to drive a gasoline engine．A sufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may be more than one sufficient cause; a dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting, but faulty spark plugs or an empty gas tank will have the same effect．A contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so by itself, as running through a red light may help cause an accident, though other factors —pedestrians or other cars at the crossroads —must also be present．In establishing or refuting a causal relation it is usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged （声称的）cause produces the effect．Such an explanation is called a causal process．72．What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about_______．A．relationships between causes and resultsB．classification of reasoningC．some other common types of reasoningD．some special type of reasoning73．According to the passage, to do the "effect to effect" reasoning is to reason_______．A．from cause to effect B．from effect to causeC．from effect to effect and on to cause D．from effect to cause and on to another effect 74．A necessary cause is____________．A．one without which it is impossible for the effect to occurB．one of the causes that can produce the effectC．one that is enough to make the effect occurD．none of them75．Your refrigerator is not working and you have found that the electric power has been cut off．The power failure is a______________A．necessary cause B．sufficient causeC．contributory cause D．none of themSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for76______You should prepare for the semester．Buy your books early and take some time to explore their format．Gather other needed stationery such as folders for each class, paper, pens, and a calendar．Time management is creating and following a schedule．This allows you to organize your study time within the framework of school, family, work, and other responsibilities．Scheduling should be both long term and short term．77．______Read your syllabi for each class．Using a calendar, look ahead and organize all your course assignments．Note all test dates and large assignments．Fill in all unusual outside obligations that take up time．For example, your school holiday calendar is preset, and dentist appointments are often made months ahead．78．______When you create your weekly calendar, include fixed commitments such as classes work, appointments, meals, family responsibilities, and sleeping．Schedule your study and homework around these fixed commitments．Learning should be a priority, but one should also allow enough time for sleep, healthy eating habits, and leisure activities．The university expects a student to spend about two hours a week in outside study．As often as possible, astudent should schedule study properly．Having regular study time will help the student develop a ―study habit．‖79．______Write down all the things you have to do that day and then prioritize your list．Decide when you will do each item and put your plan in action, completing the list and crossing off each item as you go．Take advantage of the ―waiting time‖ we experience each day, such as at the doctor’s office or waiting for kids．Carry notes and texts around with you so you might use those minutes．80．______Professors ask that the students should come to their classes and they plan the semester’s work accordingly．They do not repeat lectures or give ―make-up‖ lessons．Develop a positive relationship with your professors．Talk to your professor if an absence is unavoidable．It is your responsibility to take notes or make up for assignments that you miss．You should attend all your classes, participate in class discussions, and ask questions．You should be polite and respectful and pay attention to the discussions and questions of others．Section DDirections: Read the passage and answer the questions or complete the statements First Maggie, then 20, asked Stepmom and Dad if she could store a few boxes with them in Washington while she looked for another place to live．Then Maggie said she would like to move in to be with her boxes until her boyfriend Joe bought an apartment．Next Maggie asked whether Joe could move in "temporarily" until the apartment deal was closed．When Lucy and Pablo Sanchez returned home from vacation last Christmas, they found their small living room crammed with his boxes and a second welcome mat next to their own on the front porch（门廊）．Lucy Sanchez says: "I have a headache．"Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest．The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its benefits particularly attractive to young people, say experts．A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally frustrated survivors back to parental shelters．For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so big that many students now attend local schools．Even after graduation, young people find housing costs soaring．Sallie Knighton, 26, moved back to her parents' suburban Atlanta home to save enough money to buy a car．Her job as a teacher provided only enough money to cover car payments and an additional loan she had taken out．Her mother agrees, "It's ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent．It makes sense for kids to stay at home．" Bradley Kulat, 25, makes about $20,000 a year as an equipment technician in a hospital．That is enough to support a modest household, but he chooses to live at his parents' house outside Chicago．He admits to expensive tastes．He recently bought an $8,000 car and owns an $800 stereo system, a $300 ten-speed bike and an elegant wardrobe．Says his mother Evelyn: "It keeps you thinking younger, trying to keep up with them．"Sharing the family home requires adjustments for all．There are quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy．Some families manage the delicate balancing act．At 34, Esther Rodriguez dreaded returning to her parents' Denver home after three years of law school forced her $20,000 into debt．"I thought it was going to be a restriction on my independence," she recalls．Instead, she was touched when her father installed a desk and phone in the basement so she would have a private study．But for others, the setup proves too difficult．Michelle Del Turco, 24, of Englewood, Colo．, aDenver suburb, has been home three times—and left three times．"What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem," she explains．"He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to sneak around or meet them at friends' houses．"（Write your answer with no more than FIFTEEN words．）81．What does ―a second welcome mat next to their own on the front porch‖（Paragraph 1）mean to Lucy?82．Today, more and more people choose to return to the nest for_______and_________reasons．83．The underlined expression ―to admit to expensive tastes‖ means84．Why did Michelle Del Turco have to sneak around or meet his date at friends' houses？第II 卷I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrase given in the brackets．1,仅凭你提供的证据不能证明他是有罪的。

2016年11月10日八校联考试卷II.Grammar and Vocabulary SectionADirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent.Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Have you ever seen an old movie called Three Coins in the Fountain?It is about three young American women (21)(search)for permanent romance in Rome and they all find it.Far-fetched Hollywood?Well,from the world history point of view,romance did,in fact,set down its roots in Rome.The word romance evolved in Latin from Roma to Romanicus of the Roman language,to the Old French romanz escrive,(22)means “to write in a Romance language,”and on to the Englishromance.The Romance languages (23)(compose)of seven groups of languages that all have Latin(24)their basis.These languages include French,Italian,Spanish and Portuguese.The common people in ancient Rome spoke (25)isreferredtoasVulgarLatin,aninformalspeech,asopposedtotheclassicalLatinofthemoreeducated.MostlanguageexpertsagreethatVulgarLatinisthechiefsourceoftheRomancelanguages.Medieval Romances weretales(26)(write)primary in French verse about brave heroes.The notionofhaving a romance with another person isthought(27)(develop)sometime during the Middle Ages.In thelate8th centuryandonthroughthe19th ,aromancewasnotalovestory(28)a work of prose fiction thatcontainedfar-fetched,mysterious events.Romances of thisperiod(29)(include)English Gothic novels like TheCastleofOtranto by HoraceWalpole.What exactly is a twentieth-century romance?Does it have any relationship with the lively,popular novels written today,with their fantastic plots of love affairs?Or did the playwright Oscar Wilde have it right in The Picture of Dorian Gray:”When one is in love,one always begins by deceiving(30)and one always ends by deceivingothers.That is what the world calls aromance.”Section BDirections:complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can nly be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.In the wake of the historic announcement of the discovery of gravitational waves on February 11,2016by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO),British physicist and black hole theorist Stephen Hawking was quick to 31the US-led collaboration,sharing his excitement for the historic news.According to Hawking,these results confirm several very important 32of Einstein’s theoryofgeneralrelativityanditalsoconfirmstheexistenceofgravitationalwavesdirectly.As is becoming clear,the direct detection of these ripples in space time not only confirms Einstein’s famous theory of general theory but it also opens our eyes toa(n)33“dark”universe.Astronomersemploytheelectromagneticspectrum(电磁光谱)tostudytheuniverse,butobjectsthatdonotradiateintheelectromagneticspectrumwillgo 34.Butnowweknowhowtodetectgravitationalwaves,whichcanhelpusdetectandstudysomeofthemostenergetic cosmicphenomena.“Gravitational waves provide a completely new way of looking at the universe and the ability to detect them has the 35torevolutionizeastronomy”saidHawking.“Thediscoveryisthefirstobservationofblackholesmerging.Theobserved 36of this system are consistent with predictions about black holes that I made in 1970in Cambridge.”A.astonishinglyF.previouslyK.properties B.surrounding G.congratulate C.collapse H.predictions D.unnoticed E.interrupted I.potential J.producingHowever,this discovery also presents a puzzle for astrophysicists.The mass of each of the black holes are larger than expected for those formed by the gravitational37ofastar---sohowdidbothoftheseblackholesbecomesomassive?This question touches on one of the biggest mysterious38black hole evolution. Currently,astronomersarehavingahardtimeunderstandinghowblackholesgrowtobesomassive.Ontheoneendofthescale,thereare“stellarmass(恒星质䟿)”black holes that form immediately after a massive starexplodes,39an extremely brightlight. And we also have an abundance of evidence for the existence of the super-massive that live in the centers of most galaxies. There should be evidence of black holes of all sizes,but“intermediate mass”black holes and black holes of a few dozen solar masses are40rare,throwing some black holes evolution theories into doubt.One thing is clear,however.This is the first time that we’ve acquired direct evidence of a black hole merger.So it’s good to know we’re on the right track.III.ReadingComprehensionSection A(15*1=15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Cowboy or spaceman?A dilemma for a children’s party,perhaps.But also a question for economists,argued Kenneth Boulding,in an essay published in1996.We have run our_41,he warned,like cowboys on the open grassland:taking and using the world’s resources,42that more lies over the horizon.But the Earth is43a grassland than a spaceship--a closed system,alone in space,carrying exhaustible supplies.We need,said Boulding,an economics that takes seriously the idea of environmental44.In the half century since his essay,a new movement has responded to his challenge.“Ecological economists,”as they call themselves,want to45its aims and assumptions.What do they say--and will their ideas takeoff?To its46,ecological economics is neither ecology nor economics,but a mix of both.Their starting point is to recognize that the human economy is part of the natural world.Our environment,they note,is both a source of resources and a sink for wastes.But it is47in traditional textbooks,where neat diagrams trace the flows between firms, households and the government as though nature did not exist.That is a hugemistake.There are two ways our economies can grow,ecological economists point out:through technological change,or through maximum use of resources.Only the48,they say,is worth having.They are suspicious of GDP(gross domestic product),a simple49_which does not take into account resource exhaustion,unpaid work and countless other factors.50,they advocate more holistic approaches,such as GPI(genuine progress indicator),a composite(复合的)index that include things like the cost of pollution,deforestation and car accidents.While GDP has kept growing,global GPI per person51in1978:by destroying our environment,we are making ourselves poorer,not richer.The solution, according to expert,lies in a“steady-state”economy,where the use of materials and energy is held52.Mainstream economists are not53.GPI,they point out,is a subjective standard.And talk of limits to growth has had a bad press since the days of Thomas Malthus,who predicted in the18th century,wrongly,that overpopulation would lead to famine.Human beings find solutions to some of the most annoying problems.But ecologicaleconomists 54self-satisfaction.In2009,a paper in Nature argued that human activity is already55__ecologist economists are at least asking some important questions,even if their answers turn out to bewrong.41. A.grassland B.nation C.economy D.spaceship42. A.ignorant B.confident C.astonished D.Anxious43. A.less B.smaller C.more rger44. A.movements B.influences C.limits D.threats45. A.reject B.realize C.resemble D.revolutionize46. A.challengers B.learners C.advocates D.professors47. A.addressed B.ignored C.opposed D.reflected48. A.advanced B.former tter D.scientific49. A.number B.product C.idea D.measure50. A.In addition B.For example C.In other words D.In its place51. A.peaked B.plunged C.persisted D.paused52. A.sufficient B.efficient C.constant D.adequate53. A.impressed B.involved C.concerned D.appointed54. A.call for B.contribute to C.warn against D.refer to55. A.setting B.overstepping C.extending D.redrawingSection BDirections:read the following passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have justread.(A)Every April I am troubled by the same concern-that spring might not occur this year.he landscape looks dull,with hills, sky and forest appearing gray.My spirits ebb,as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine15years ago."Just wait,"a neighbor advised."You'll wake up one morning and spring will just be here."And look,on May3that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric,as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch.Hills,sky and forest revealed their purples,blues and green.Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward.Then there was the old apple tree.It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighborhood.It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone.The tree's dark twisted branches stretch in unpruned(未‰修剪的)abandon.Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple.Until last year,I thought I was the only one aware of this tree.And then one day,in a fit of spring madness,I set out with pruner to remove a few disorderly branches.No sooner had I arrived under its boughs than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches.These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to,but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens.My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak."You're not cutting it down,are you?"Another neighbor frowned as I cut off a branch."Don't kill it,now,"he cautioned.Soon half the neighborhood had joined me under the apple tree.It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people's names,what they did for a living and how they passed the winter.It was as if the old apple tree gathering us under its boughs for the dual purpose of acquaintanceship and shared wonder.I couldn't help recalling Robert Frost's words:The trees that have it in their pent-up budsTo darken nature and be summer woodsOne thaw led to another.Just the other day I saw one of my neighbors at the local store.He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood.And then,he looked at me and said,"We need to prune that apple tree again."56.By saying that“my spirits ebb”(Para1),the authormeansthat.A.he feelsrelievedB.hefeelsblueC.heis surprisedD.he istired57.The apple tree mentioned in the passage is mostlikelyto.A.be regarded as a delight in theneighborhoodB.have been abandoned by its originalownerC.have been neglected by everyone in thecommunityD.be appealing only to theauthor58.In Para.4“neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches”probablybecause.A.they were surprised that someone unknown was pruning thetree.B.they wanted to prevent the author from pruning thetree.C.they were concerned about the safety of thetree.D.they wanted to get to know theauthor59.It can be inferred that author’s neighbor mentioned in the last paragraph mostcaredabout.A.when springwouldarriveB.how to pass the longwinterC.theneighborhoodgatheringD.the pruning of the appletree(C)How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems?This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions.In many ways,our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship.Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the1930's when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners,when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence,and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market.Increasing affluence,the rise of families with more than one wage earner,the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed,and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness.Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship.Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level,the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families.Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force,so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market problems.Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship.The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty.Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month,those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment,even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer.For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies,there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work,or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally,income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly,disabled,and dependent,neglecting the needs of the working poor,so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequatelyprotected.As a result of such contradictory evidence,it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of thousands or the tens of millions,and,hence,whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus.There is only one area of agreement in this debate--that the existing poverty,employment,and earnings statistics are inadequate for one of their primary applications,measuring the consequences of labor market problems.63.Inparagraph2,theauthorcontraststhe1930’swiththepresentinordertoshowthatA.more people were unemployment in the1930’sB.unemployment is more intolerabletodayC.social programs are in neednowD.income level has increased since the1930’s64.Which of the following is true according to thepassage?A.A majority of the low-wage workers receive earnings from more than onejob.B.Repetitionofshort-termunemploymentmainlycontributestopeople’slossofworkingcapacity.C.Many unemployed people are from families where other members areworking.bor market hardship is understated because fewer individuals are jobless thancounted.65.It can be inferred from the passage that the effect of income transfers is often not feltbyA.those doing a low-paid,part-timejobB.children in single-earnerfamiliesC.workers who have justretiredD.full-time works who becomeunemployed66.Which of the following is the principal topic ofthe passage?_A．What causes labor market problems that result insuffering.B．Why income statistics are imprecise in measuring degrees of poverty.C．When poverty,employment,and earning figures agree with each other.D．How social statistics give an unclear picture of the labor-market-related suffering.(D)Directions:complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box.Each sentence can only be used once.Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherstofightmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.B.Most people believe those who have conquered the most nations are thegreatest.C.However,everyyearconflictsbetweencountriesandnationsstillclaimthousandsoflives.D.And not only has it won,but also because it has won,it has been in theright.E.Sotherehasbeenlittletimetolearnin,buttherewill beoceansoftimeinwhichtolearnbetter.F.Peopledon'tfight andkill eachotherinthestreets,butnationsstillbehavelikesavages.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals, while the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned.We do not know who first set a broken leg,or launched a seagoing boat,or calculated the length of the year but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think so much of them that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general.67It is possible they are,but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight，so do savages;so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way an animal or a savage is good,but it is not to be civilized.68.People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing,and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off greater number of the other side,and then saying that the side which has killed most has won.69.For that is what going to war means;it means power is right.This is what the story of mankind has been like.But we must not expect too much.After all,the race of men has only just started.From the point of view of evolution,human beings are very young indeed,babies of a few months old. Scientists assume that there has been life of some sort on the earth for about twelve hundred million years;but there have beenmenforonlyonemillionyears,andtherehasbeencivilizedmenfor abouteight thousandyears.70.Taking man's civilized past at about seven or eight hours,we may estimate his future at about one hundred thousand years.Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its whole a pretty beastly business,a business of fighting and killing.We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things.All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else.Summary C10分3Directions:Read the following passage.Summary the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage with no more than60 e your own words as far as possible.It’s not piano lessons or dance classes.Nowadays,the biggest extra-curricular activity is going to a tutor.“I spend about800Canadian dollars a month on tutors.It’s costly,”says Pat,a mother in Canada.However,she adds,“after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors,I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.”Shelley,a mother of three,also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home.“When I used to sit down with my children,it was hard to get them focused.I was always yelling.When I got a tutor once a week,they became focused for one entire hour and could get most of their homeworkdone.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon.Nor is it geared only toward lower-achieving students.In Canada alone,seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in2010.That increased to15percent last year.Overall,parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations,but there is also a cultural shift.A special value is placed on education in Asia,where tutoring is viewed as an extension of the school day.As alargenumberofAsiansemigratedtotheWestovertherecentyears,theirattitudestowardseducationhavehadanimpact.Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules.“A lot of parents just don’t have time to help their children with homework,”says Julie Diamond,president of an American tutoring company.“Others couldn’t help their children after Grade3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes,too.“Children used to get bullied(欺侮)for having a tutor,”Diamond says.“Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”Children don’t seem to mind that they have a tutor.One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors.“For the amount we pay in tuition,they should have as much extra help as they need,”she says.Still,she’s now thinking of getting a tutor.Why?Her daughter has actually asked for one.(60)。

2016年上海虹口区高三三模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（每小题1分，共16分）1、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第25~32题8分Handshaking, the most popular way of showing friendliness, is often seen in cities and towns all over the world. It is, in fact,1European custom, but nobody knows exactly when this practice started. It is said that long, long ago in Europe when people met, they showedtheir2（unarm） hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other'shands3（make） a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. Now" Let's shake hands on it" sometimes4（mean） agreement reached.Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No, sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the meeting does not mean5to him or her in some cases, and when the other person, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands withyou.6, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding among the Chinese, which sometimes brings about unnecessary troubles,7westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved in manner. But, as a matter of fact, some people in western countries are more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only8he shows interest in further relations with you.2、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第33~40题8分Innocent Fast Food RestaurantA study by academics from the University of California and Northwestern University claimed that" the causal link between the consumption of restaurant foods and obesity （肥胖） is minimal at best. "It argued that a tax on high-calorie （卡路里） food,1was proposed by many health campaigners in the US and Britain, might therefore not be an effective way for governments to deal with the problem.It analyzed data on calorie intake around the country,which2（collect） before under the leadership of the US Department of Agriculture. The study found that people living closer3restaurants were notsignificantly more likely to be obese than people living furtheraway,4（indicate） that easy access to restaurants had little effect.It also showed that while restaurant meals typically held more calories than home-produced food, many customers often make up for this by eating5（little） throughout the rest of the day."Obese people who ate at restaurants, "the study indicated, "also eat more when they eat at home. "The US government estimates6about one in three Americans, or 100 million in total, are obese. Last month it was predicted that 75 percent of Americans would be overweight in 2020.The problem is thought to cost Americans between 150 billionand 170 billion in annual medical costs."While taxing restaurant meals might means7（change） where these consumers eat, "the study's authors, Michael Anderson and David Matsa, wrote, "our study results suggest that a tax8be unlikely to affect their potential tendency to overeat. "二、选词填空（每小题1分，共10分）3、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第41~50题10分Are Sweeteners （甜味剂） Safe and Healthy?For many of us, the relationship we have with sugar is love at first taste, and that love usually lasts a lifetime. But what price do we have to pay for this truly addictive, sugary love? Type 2 diabetes （糖尿病） Heavier bodies Raised blood sugar levels Or even1teeth?Time to quit perhaps? Easier said than done. What's the alternative? Many would suggest using sweeteners as a2. But are sweeteners healthier than sugar?Sweeteners are usually low-calorie （卡路里） or calorie-free substances that have a similar taste to sugar. It is estimated that more than a quarter of British householdsbuy3sweeteners to help cut their sugar intake.The European Food Safety Authority （EFSA） has4some of the health claims food manufacturers have made about sweeteners such as xylitol, sorbitol and sucralose. These include5tooth decay and controlling blood sugar levels.According to the National Health Service in the UK, sweeteners are safe to use andare6helpful for those who are diabetic. Sioned Quirke, a spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association says, "As a dietician, I support and promote the use of sweeteners in cookingand diet. "She also says that "There is no7to suggest that low-calorie sweeteners, such as saccharin, aspartame and sucralose, are harmful or bad for you."But many have8over the long-term effects caused by using sweeteners. Dr Robert Lustig, author of'Fat Chance: The Bitter Truth About Sugar'would not accept sweeteners as an alternative to sugar because, "We lack data". According to Dr Lustig, organisations like EFSA only require studies which test whether something will poison a person in a short period of time, which is known as acute toxicity （急性毒性） studies. But we still don't know whatthe9effects are.Dietician Emma Carder says on the NHS Choices website, "While more research is needed, sweeteners continue to have a useful role in offering a sweet taste withoutadding10calories."A. artificialB. especiallyC. substituteD. extraE. preventingF. concernsG. rottenH. enduringI. inadequatelyJ. approvedK. evidence三、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）4、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第51~65题15分Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that1might influence how firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.2, firms in happy places spend more on R&D, which stands forresearch and development. That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-termthinking3for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the optimism （乐观） and hobbies for risk-taking that come with happiness would4the way companies invested. So they compared U. S. cities' average happiness5by Gallup polling （民意调查） with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.6enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were related with the happiness of the area in which they were headquartered. But is it really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities7why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various8that might make firms more likely to invest-like size, industry, and sales-and for indicators that a place was desirable to live in, like9in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally held even after accounting for these things.The10between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors regard as" less codified （法典化的） decision-making process" and the possible presence of" younger and less11managers who are more likely to be influenced by emotions. "The relationship was also stronger in places where happiness was spreadmore12. Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality, or large13in the distribution of well-being.While this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least hints at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and emotions would help14how executives think about the future. Just ask anyone who's spent time in Silicon Valley. "It surely seems reasonable that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and15R&D more than the average, "said one researcher.A. successB. patienceC. happinessD. progressA. In returnB. In particularC. In responseD. In conclusionA. sufficientB. famousC. perfectD. necessaryA. ceaseB. missC. spoilD. changeA. imaginedB. measuredC. inventedD. assumedA. SureB. SpecialC. UnfortunateD. CasualA. explainB. repeatC. summarizeD. emphasizeA. stagesB. factorsC. levelsD. methodsA. decreaseB. limitC. growthD. presentationA. relationshipB. differenceC. contrastD. conflictA. passiveB. dependentC. patrioticD. experiencedA. rapidlyB. regularlyC. directlyD. equallyA. helpsB. opportunitiesC. gapsD. responsibilitiesA. influenceB. investigateC. simplifyD. shareA. turn downB. focus onC. give upD. make out四、阅读理解（每小题2分，共24分）5、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第66~69题8分I left baseball, not for physical reasons but because it was my season for change. So I decided to walk away and once I did, like the vast majority of players, I was lost. It would be the first time since I learned to swing a bat that I would spend an entire summer without ever putting on a uniform. Once you leaves the place it's no longer you against that fastball, it is you against yourself.So you swim around trying to figure out what young, retired baseball players do with their lives. For me, the moment was completely without the guiding wisdom of my father, who could communicate with me with just a nod of his head, but he passed away two years ago.Since my retirement, I have searched for the next passion. It is a discouraging journey, and many players never find that next love, even though they kept looking.Of course my father could never be replaced. His passion was writing. He left behind a body of poetry that guides me now.I didn't stay lost forever. I found something that I wasn't looking for: a voice through writing. Writing introduced me to people who were otherwise strangers and made them guests at my table. Only later did I understand that this would be a bridge to understanding my father in another way. A way that led me to connect to a passion I didn't realize we both shared.After my first book was published, I realized that writing was passion and even therapy, but now I also thought that maybe I'd found my next profession.Thankfully, I always knew my father was proud of me. But despite living the dream of so many Americans and reaching its highest level, I have no doubt that he would be even prouder of what I am doing with my words, words that I can leave for my son to read one day.(1) Why couldn't the author's father offer him any help at the moment?A. Because his father had a head injury two years ago.B. Because his father had been dead for two years.C. Because his father was busy writing poems.D. Because his father was away on business.(2) How did the author get over the most difficult time in life?A. By staying at home doing nothing.B. By travelling around the entire summer.C. By communicating with his father face to face.D. By reading his father's works and writing his own.(3) According to the passage, the author was most likely to become a.A. poetB. coachC. writerD. player(4) The author picked up writing as a career mainly because.A. he could not find any other job after he left baseballB. his father asked him to continue his lifelong hobbyC. it could help him to make a more comfortable lifeD. writing was another way to understand his father6、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第70~73题8分Texas parks will celebrate National Fishing Week by offering a day of license-free fishing in public waters on June 3. Besides, youth fishing activities are scheduled across the state June 3-11.Cedar Hill State Park （Dallas County）: Wal-Mart Kids All-American Fishing Derby, June 3.10 am to 2 pm. Kids can test their fishing skills; prizes are offered.972-291-3800, ext.232.Texas Freshwater Fisheries Centre （Henderson County）: National Fishing Day, June 3, 9 am to 4 pm. Children 12 and younger will be admitted free for fishing, contests, games and prizes.903-676-2278.Caddo Lake State Park & Wildlife Management Area （Harrison County）: Wal-Mart-Kids All-American Fishing Derby, June 11, 9 am to 3 pm 903-679-3351.CONTACT: 1-800-792-1112; www. takemefishing. org and www. tpwd. state. tx. us.Alligators （短吻鳄） can be found in the wild in nearly half the counties in Texas, especially in the eastern part of the state, so residents and visitors may need a safety course about alligators. Although no deaths attributable to alligator attacks have been recorded in Texas during the past 15 years, 17 people have reported injuries. It's against law to feed a free-ranging alligator, because after an alligator realizes that people are a source of food, it will become a problem animal. The alligator is a protected game animal in Texas, so special permits are required to hunt, raise or possess alligators.TIPS FOR SAFETY AROUND ALLIGATORS:Stay at least 30 feet away from an alligator.Never Feed an alligator or leave food accessible.Don't approach them or swim in areas where alligators have been seen.During warm months, alligators are most active at dawn and dusk.Alligators are common in swamps, rivers and muddy places. While typically found in fresh water, they can endure salty water.SOURCE: Texas Parks & Wildlife; www. tpwd. state. tx. us/nature(1) In this passage, the writer has mainly talked about.A. kids' shopping and fishing activities in Wal-MartB. most people's preference for fishing and alligatorsC. fishing activities and alligator hunting in public watersD. the celebration of National Fishing Week in Texas parks(2) If a child wants to know how good his fishing skill is, it's better for him tovisit.A. Cedar Hill State Park in Dallas CountyB. Texas State Parks & Wildlife Protection CentreC. Caddo Lake State Park & Wildlife Management AreaD. Texas Freshwater Fisheries Centre in Henderson County(3) What can be learned about alligators from this passage?A. Alligators are rare animals protected by law.B. Alligators are most active in all places and climates.C. There have been some victims of alligators in the past decade.D. Hunting alligators are not allowed unless you've got permission(4) The underlined word" swamps" can most probably be replaced by.A. streamsB. wet landsC. desertsD. dry lands.7、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第74~77题8分The Process of AgeingAt the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the possibility of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable （易受伤的）; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigour and resistance which, though vague at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.This decline in vigour with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually "die of old age", and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer-on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and physically strong we are.Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigour with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things "wear out".Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound （上发条的） watch, or the sun, do in fact an out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics （热力学）. But these are not similar orequivalent to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself—it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction （摩擦）. We could, at one time, repair ourselves-well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power, an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.(1) What can be learned from this passage is that.A. people usually are unhappy when they are reminded of ageingB. children reach their full intelligence at the age of twelve yearsC. people are usually more likely to die at the age of twelve yearsD. our first twelve years represent the peak of human development(2) The underlined word "it" in the last sentence of Paragraph Two refers to.A. remaining alive until 65B. dying before 65 or after 80C. remaining alive after 80D. dying between 65 and 80(3) What does "ageing" mean according to the passage?A. It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.B. It refers to a gradual loss of vigor and resistance.C. It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.D. It is a period when people are easily attacked by illness.(4) What do the examples of the watch refer to in the last paragraph?A. Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.B. The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.C. All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.D. Human's ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.五、阅读表达（每小题2分，共8分）8、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第78~81题8分Proxemics （空间关系学） is the study of what governs how closely one person stands to another. People who feel close will be close, though the actual distances will vary between cultures. For Americans we can detect four main categories of distance: intimate （亲密的）, personal, social and public. Intimate ranges from direct contact to about 45 centimeters. This is for the closest relationships such as those between husband and wife. Beyond this comes personal distance. This stands at between 45 and 80 centimeters. It is the most usual distance maintained for conversations between friends and relatives. Social distance covers people who work together or are meeting at social gatherings. Distances here tend to be kept between 1.30 to 2 meters. Beyond this comes public distance, such as that between a lecturer and his audience.All cultures draw lines between what is an appropriate and what is an inappropriate social distance for different types of relationship. They differ, however, in where they draw these lines. Look at an international reception with representatives from the US and Arabic countries talking and you will see the Americans pirouetting （快速旋转） backwards around the hall pursued by their Arab partners. The Americans will be trying to keep the distance between themselves and their partners which they have grown used to regarding as"normal". They probably will not even notice themselves trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their partners, though they may have vague feeling that their Arab neighbors are being a bit "pushy". The Arab, on the other hand, coming from a culture where much closer distance is the pattern, may be feeling that the Americans are being "stand-offish". Finding themselves happier standing close to and even touching those they are in conversation with they will persistently pursue the Americans round the room trying to close the distance between them.The appropriateness of physical contact varies between different cultures too. One study of the number of times people talking in coffee shops over a one-hour period showed the following interesting variations: London, 0; Florida, 2; Paris, 10; and Puerto Rico 180. Not only does it vary between societies, however, it also varies between different subcultures within one society. Young people in Britain, for example, are more likely to touch and hug friends than are the older generation. This may be partly a matter of growing older, but it also reflects the fact that the older generation grew up at a time when touching was less common for all age groups. Forty years ago, for example, footballers would never hug and kiss one another on the field after a goal as they do today.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）(1) What govern the standing space between two persons in proxemics?(2) The underlined word"stand-offish"in Paragraph 2 most probablymeans"".(3) Why may Arabs pursue Americans in a conversation at an international reception?(4) What can be inferred from the last paragraph is that the appropriateness of physical contact also varies with.六、翻译句子（共22分）9、【来源】 2016年上海虹口区高三三模第82~86题22分Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given into brackets.(1) 人们的个人信息安全保护意识有待提高。

）2016届高三3月联考本试卷分第Ⅰ卷﹙选择题﹚和第Ⅱ卷﹙非选择题﹚两部分。

满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意：所有试题均须在答题卡上作答。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力技能（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How does the woman feel about working in a city?A. Scared.B. Disappointed.C. Excited.2. What day is it today?A. Tuesday.B. Wednesday.C. Thursday.3. What did the woman most probably do last night?A. She went to a concert.B. She stayed with Lisa.C. She talked with the man.4. What does the woman think of the man’s cellphone?A. It doesn’t look good.B. It has strange functions.C. It has too few functions.5. Where is most probably Mr. Green now?A. In a hotel’s hall.B. In a conference room.C. In a hotel room.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。