[全]2020年高考英语全国1卷阅读理解精读解析(C篇)

2020年高考英语全国1卷阅读理解精读解析（C 篇）C篇体裁：说明文词数：303 难度：3.5Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触)with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However,race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their bodyweight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground,create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact,anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over running?A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.B. It’s less challenging physically.C. It’s more effective in body building.D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getting experts’opinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical.B.Objective.C. Tolerant.D.Conservative.【短文大意】本文介绍了竞走的特点与存在的问题。

28. C 细节理解题。

难度较小。

根据第二段第三句But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain incontact with the ground at all times. 可知，竞走运动员必须遵守特定的规则，因此他们是受到条件限制的，故选C。

29. D 细节理解题。

难度中等。

根据最后一段第一句中的some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers可知，膝盖受伤对于竞走运动员来说是很少见的，虽然他们也有其他受伤的地方，但这是他们相对于跑步运动员而言的一个优势，故选D。

30. A 细节理解题。

难度较小。

根据最后一段倒数第二句In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. 可知，Dr. Norberg建议，想学竞走的人应该首先咨询教练或有经验的运动员，故选A。

31. B 观点态度题。

难度中等。

阅读全文可知，作者从竞走的好处与问题两方面都进行了说明，因此是客观中立的态度，故选B。

深度解读一、主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式二、语篇类型：说明文（竞走运动以及与跑步的不同之处）文章出自：https:///2016/09/09/how-does-race-walking-compare-to-running/ 三、宏观分析：（表格从略）四、话题语块：1. fitness benefits 健身益处2. contribute to 导致3. conditioned athletes 受限制的运动员4. field event 田径赛事5. leg swing 摆腿6. remain in contact with 保持接触7. physically demanding 对身体要求高的8. pound the body 对身体造成冲击9. place considerable stress on 施以相当大的压力10. consult a coach 咨询教练五、语言技能和学习策略：28. C 细节理解题，根据题干中的conditioned athletes可定位到文中第二段。

其中第三句提到这项运动要求运动员摆腿时不能弯曲膝盖，同时比赛过程中要保持一只脚不能离地。

说明竞走运动员时要遵守该比赛的这些特殊规则的。

所以答案为C。

29. D 细节理解题，根据题干中的advantage以及over running来看，我们可以锁定第四段以及第五段第一句。

第四段描述的是竞走给身体带来的冲击不如跑步那么大。

结果就如第五段第一句所述：像膝盖受伤这种在跑步运动员身上很常见的伤在竞走运动员中就不太常见了。

因此答案为D.30. A 细节理解题，题干中的someone trying race walking与本文最后一段倒数第二句anyone wishing to try race walking 对应。

此句中consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique意思是咨询教练或者有经验的运动员以学习一些恰当的技巧。

所以此题选择A选项。

31. B态度判断题，作者在本文第一段开门见山地表明了竞走是一项对我们健康有利且不会对身体造成伤害的非常好的运动，但竞走也有它的需要注意的问题。

在后文中，作者对竞走的优缺点皆有提及，作者客观理性的态度显而易见，故选B。

六、文化知识：19世纪初，英国出现步行比赛的活动。

19世纪末，部分欧洲国家盛行从一个城市到另一个城市的竞走旅行。

1866年英国业余体育俱乐部举行首次冠军赛，距离为7英里。

竞走分场地竞走和公路竞走两种。

场地竞走设世界纪录；公路竞走因路面起伏等不可控因素较多，成绩可比性差，故仅设世界最好成绩。

运动员行进时，两脚必须与地面保持不间断接触，不准同时腾空，着地的支撑腿膝关节应有一瞬间的伸直，不得弯曲。