温州大学812文学理论11-15年真题

2015年浙江温州大学英语文学及文化考研真题第一部分英语文学（共80分）I. Identify the following works or quotations with their authors, write your answers on the Answer Sheet. 10分1. Measure for Measure2. Novum Organum3. Wuthering Heights4. Ivanhoe5. “Behold her, single in the fiel d,Yon solitary Highland Lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! for the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the sound.”6. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow7. “And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming,And the lamp-light o'er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floorShall be lifted - nevermore!”8. “Because I could not stop for Death—He kindly stopped for me—The Carriage held but just Ourselves—And Immortality.”9. “Somewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”10. Of Mice and MenII. Explain FOUR of the following literary terms in about 50 words for each. 20分Heroic coupletShakespearean SonnetNeo-classicalismAmerican PuritanismImagismNew CriticismReader-Response CriticismCultural StudiesIII. Choose TWO from the following topics and then do according to the requirements in about 100 words for each. 20分1. Briefly comment on the influence of KJV Bible on English literature.2. What are the symbolic meanings of Thomas Hardy’s descriptions of environments in Tess of the D’Urbe rvilles?3. Why did Benjamin Franklin emphasize the significance of the thirteen virtues in his Autobiography?4. The Scarlet letter is notable for its symbolism, and it has been considered the first American symbolic novel. Try to discuss the function of symbolism by taking examples from the novel.5. Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works: Patrick Modiano, Geoffrey Chaucer, John Keats, Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway.IV. Comment on TWO of the following selected texts in about 100 words for each. 20分1. I had three encouragements - 1st, a smooth, calm sea; 2ndly, the tide rising, and setting in to the shore; 3rdly, what little wind there was blew me towards the land. And thus, having found two or three broken oars belonging to the boat - and, besides the tools which were in the chest, I found two saws, an axe, and a hammer; with this cargo I put to sea. For a mile or thereabouts my raft went very well, only that I found it drive a little distant from the place where I had landed before; by which I perceived that there was some indraft of the water, and consequently I hoped to find some creek or river there, which I might make use of as a port to get to land with my cargo.2. I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to “glorify God and enjoy him forever.”3. Oh, Carrie, Carrie! Oh, blind strivings of the human heart! Onward onward, it saith, and where beauty leads, there it follows. Whether it be the tinkle of a lone sheep bell o'er some quiet landscape, or the glimmer of beauty in sylvan places, or the show of soul in some passing eye, the heart knows and makes answer, following. It is when the feet weary and hope seems vain that the heartaches and the longings arise. Know, then, that for you is neither surfeit nor content. In your rocking-chair, by your window dreaming, shall you long, alone. In your rocking- chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.V. Choose ONE poem from the list below, and make a comment on the theme of it in about 100 words (Use at least three of the following elements develop and reinforce your analysis: diction, tone, image, figure of speech, symbols, irony, syntax, rhythm and meter, rhyme).10分1. Home Thoughts, from AbroadBy Robert Browning (1812 -1889)O, TO be in EnglandNow that April 's there,And whoever wakes in EnglandSees, some morning, unaware,That the lowest boughs and the brushwood sheafRound the elm-tree bole are in tiny leaf,While the chaffinch sings on the orchard boughIn England—now!And after April, when May follows,And the whitethroat builds, and all the swallows!Hark, where my blossom'd pear-tree in the hedgeLeans to the field and scatters on the cloverBlossoms and dewdrops—at the bent spray's edge—That 's the wise thrush; he sings each song twice over,Lest you should think he never could recaptureThe first fine careless rapture!And though the fields look rough with hoary dew,All will be gay when noontide wakes anewThe buttercups, the little children's dower—Far brighter than this gaudy melon-flower!2. SymposiumBy Paul Muldoon (1951-)You can lead a horse to water but you can't make it holdits nose to the grindstone and hunt with the hounds.Every dog has a stitch in time. Two heads? You've been soldone good turn. One good turn deserves a bird in the hand.A bird in the hand is better than no bread.To have your cake is to pay Paul.Make hay while you can still hit the nail on the head.For want of a nail the sky might fall.People in glass houses can't see the woodfor the new broom. Rome wasn't built between two stools.Empty vessels wait for no man.A hair of the dog is a friend indeed.There's no fool like the foolwho's shot his bolt. There's no smoke after the horse is gone.第二部分英语国家文化（共70分）I. Fill in the blanks in the following ten statements with proper words or expressions. 10分1. American party politics is characterized by bipartisanship, which means that there are two major parties in America: Democratic Party and ________ Party.2. The capital city of the United States is ____________ D.C.3. America is located between two large oceans: the Atlantic Ocean in the east and the_________ Ocean in the west.4. The national flag of the United States consists consists of 50 ____and 13 stripes.5. Before the arrival of Europeans, North America was inhabited by a large number of American _______, also known as native Americans.6. There are two branches in the Congress of the United States: the Senate and the House of ______________.7. The United Kingdom is composed of two parts: Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The former consists of Scotland, ______ and Wales.8. The capital city of the United Kingdom is __________.9. Known as the Lower House in Britain, the House of ________ is the assembly chamber for the 651 Members of Parliament who are selected by people of their constituencies in a general election.10. The two major parties in the United Kingdom are the Conservative Party and the _________ Party.II. Choose the best one from the four possible answers provided for each statement. 10分1. America is said to be a country of immigrants. Of the various racial and ethnic groups, ____________ were involuntary immigrants and suffered from slavery and segregation for a long time in the history.A. Asia AmericansB. African AmericansC. Irish AmericansD. American Indians2. The historic pamphlet The Common Sense, which was written by ________, played an important role in the American Revolution.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Thomas PaineC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin3. ___________ brought an end to the slavery in the south of America.A. The War of IndependenceB. The Civil WarC. The First World WarD. The Mexican-American War4. The members in the Senate of the United States normally serve a (an)___ term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year5. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of ______ in 1636. A．MIT B．Yale University C．Harvard College D．Princeton University6. The Constitution of the United States was framed in Philadelphia in _________.A. 1776B. 1783C. 1787D. 16207. The New Deal was started by ________.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson8. Which branch of the U.S. Federal government has the power to make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. None of them9. In the U.S., two-year community colleges grant ________ to students after two years of study.A. master degreesB. doctor degreesC. bachelor degreesD. associate degrees10. __________ was impeached for the Watergate Scandal and forced to resign.A. President JohnsonB. President WilsonC. President ClintonD. President NixonIII. Define FOUR of the following terms. 20分1. Federalism2. Judicial Review3. Affirmative Action4. Constitutional Monarchy5. Manifest Destiny6. New DealIV. Answer THREE of the following questions briefly. 15分1. What are the presidential election’s proceedings in the United States?2. What are the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?3. What are the major values of American people?4. Describe the structure of American educational system.5. What are the criteria to determine admission into a college in America?6. Describe the structure of the US federal court system and their respective functions.V. Make a comment on ONE of the following topics. Your answer should be no less than 300 words. 15分1. The United States of America has a history of no more than 500 years, yet it is the most powerful country in the world. What factors do you think have contributed to its rapid development and prosperity? You should mention at least five factors in your comment with some explanation.2. Racism in America。

2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
科目代码及名称: 815文学理论适用专业：050101文艺学、050102
中国古代文学、050103中国现当代文学、050107比较文学与世界文学、0501Z1文化创意
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
一、专业概念解释（50分）
1. 悲剧（10分）
2. 期待视野（10分）
3. 游戏说（10分）
4. 无意识（10分）
5. 文如其人（10分）
二、材料分析题（50分）
阅读下列材料，然后回答所列问题。

法国批评家帕斯卡尔·卡萨瓦诺在她的名著《文学世界共和国》中谈到：远离强势文化中心的作家并不必然是外在于“世界文学”的，文学有其自然的评判、接受和传播逻辑，正是这种文学逻辑可以让文学拥有不同于政治标记的领土和疆界。

有一个非常值得思考的例子，鲁迅在《阿Q正传》等作品中对“精神胜利法”的描述曾经在很长一段时间被我们认为是汉民族国民劣根性一面的集中凸显，但后来在日本和韩国学者的相关讨论中，他们认为在他们民族内部同样有相当普遍的“精神胜利法”的民众心理基础，因此有学者提出将“精神胜利法”理解为一种儒学文化圈影响下的“东亚国民性”。

然而，又有很多学者发现，在《堂吉诃德》等不少西方名著里，也能找到这种“精神胜利法”。

这个例子至少说明，鲁迅的创作从社会的实际和民族的具体性出发，但以其深广的忧患和境界的超拔，而达至了“世界文学”的高度，属于世界文学的一部分。

此外，鲁迅在《孤独者》等作品中对于孤独情境和心灵异化的探讨，也具备一种存在主义的深度，这是学界早已有的共识。

2014年温州大学人文学院812文学理论考研真题科目代码及名称：812文学理论适用专业：文艺学、中国现当代文学、比较文学与世界文学、中国古代文学1．谈谈你对文学性的理解。

（30分）2．分析下面两段话表达了何种文学观念。

（30分）近人章炳麟：“文学者，以有文字著于竹帛，故谓之文；论其法式，谓之文学。

”韦勒克：“文学研究不仅与文明史的研究密切相关，而且实在和它就是一回事。

在他们看来，只要研究的内容是印刷或手抄的材料，是大部分历史主要依据的材料，那么，这种研究就是文学研究”。

（[美]韦勒克．沃伦：《文学理论》）3．下面是作家汪曾祺1987年在美国衣阿华大学一次笔会上说的话，请分析这段话的主旨含义（30分）中国作家现在很重视语言。

不少作家充分意识到语言的重要性。

语言不只是一种形式，一种手段，应该提到内容的高度来认识。

……语言不是外部的东西。

它是和内容（思想）同时存在，不可剥离的。

语言不能像橘子皮一样，可以剥下来，扔掉。

世界上没有没有语言的思想，也没有没有思想的语言。

……我们也不能说：这篇小说不错，就是语言差一点。

语言是小说的本体，不是附加的．可有可无的。

从这个意义上说，写小说就是写语言。

小说使读者受到感染，小说的魅力之所在，首先是小说的语言。

小说的语言是浸透了内容的，浸透了作者的思想的。

……语言的粗糙就是内容的粗糙。

4．《论小说的社会学》一书中，戈德曼着重分析了社会精神结构和小说结构之间的同源性关系并以之解释西方近代以来的文学史。

例如在自由竞争的资本主义社会里，作品的主人公往往是努力奋斗的个人主义者，而到了垄断资本主义阶段，个人奋斗的价值日益丧失，作品的主人公也越来越失去其作为个人的热情与个性，因而出现了卡夫卡·式的作品。

该如何评价这种研究模式，谈谈你的看法。

（30分）5．下面是莫言在获得诺贝尔文学奖上发言的一部分，分析这段话的主旨并进行评论（30分）我在故乡生活了二十一年，期间离家最远的是乘火车去了一次青岛，还差点迷失在木材厂的巨大木材之间，以至于我母亲问我去青岛看到了什么风景时，我沮丧地告诉她：什么都没看到，只看到了一堆堆的木头。

2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题
科目代码及名称: 812-文学理论
适用专业：文艺学、中国现当代文学、
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
一、专业概念解释（50分）
1. 诗无达诂（10分）
2. 修辞立其诚（10分）
3. 极简主义小说（10分）
4. 人生艺术化（10分）
5. 陌生化理论（10分）
二、阅读下列材料，然后回答所列问题。

（50分）
“文如其人”是中国古代文论中的一个常见的说法，而西方有个近似的说法叫“风格即人”。

“文如其人”见于宋代文豪苏轼的《答张文潜书》一文：“子由之文实胜仆，而世俗不知，乃以为不如；其为人深不愿人知之，其文如其为人。

”“文如其人”的大意是说，文品大可等同于人品，即你心里想的是什么便会把你所想的东西通过文字表达出来。

“风格即人”是18世纪法国启蒙主义思想家和文学家德·布封的一句名言。

有的人把它翻译成“风格就是人”。

布封强调作品思想的重要性。

他认为那些只描写“琐屑对象”的作品，不可能成为“传世
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2008年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题
科目代码及名称: 812《文学理论》（A卷）
适用专业：文艺学、中国古代文学、中国现当代文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）
1．话语蕴藉；2．文学活动四要素；3．“滋味”说；4．“知人论世”；5．艺术发现；6．文学批评
二、问答题（每题10分，共70分）
1．中国魏晋前的“文学”观念是什么？
2．如何理解文学的审美意识形态？
3．劳动说为什么比其他文艺起源假说有更大的合理性？其局限性又在哪里？
4．如何理解王国维的名言：“诗人必有轻视外物之意，故能以奴仆命风月；又必有重视外物之意，故能与花鸟同忧乐。

”？
5．文学材料是什么？并说明其与题材、主题的区别。

6．“文如其人”和“风格即是人”的片面性在哪里？
7．《文心雕龙》的文论史价值是什么？
三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）
1．人类创造艺术至境的三种基本形态（文学形象理想形态）各是什么？试从审美需求的角度分析其形成的理论依据及独特意义，并举例说明其互补性的多种形式。

2．文学消费是什么？其理论源流如何？试结合当下文学实践情况，谈谈文学消费对当代文学传播和文学生产的影响，谈谈你对“文学经典会消失吗?”的看法。

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