下载文档原格式
2024北京四中高一（上）期中数 学试卷分为两卷，卷（I ）100分，卷（II ）50分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟卷（I ）一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分1. 已知集合，，则集合A. B. C. D.2. 函数的定义域是A. B. C. D. 3. 命题“，”的否定是A. ，B. ，C. ，D. ，4. 如果，那么下列不等式中正确的是A ． BC ． D．5. 下列函数中，在区间上为减函数的是A ． B. C. D. 6. 函数的图像关于A ．原点对称B ．x 轴对称C ．y 轴对称D ．点对称 7. 已知，则“”是“”的A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件8. 函数在区间内的零点个数是A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 D ．39. 下列函数中，满足的是A ．B ．C ．D ．10. 两个不同的函数，满足，，则可能的情况是{0,1,2,3}A ={1,3,5,7}B =A B ={1,2,3}{3}{1,3}{0,1,2,3,5,7}()f x =[2,1]-(,2][1,)-∞-+∞ (,2)(1,)-∞-+∞ [2,)-+∞R x ∀∈3210x x -+≤R x ∃∉3210x x -+>R x ∃∈3210x x -+>R x ∃∈3210x x -+≥R x ∀∈3210x x -+>0b a >>2ab b -<<22a b <11a b <()0,+∞22y x x =-y =31x y x +=+21y x =+()|1||1|f x x x =+--(1,0)0a b >>0c >a b a c b c >++31()2f x x x=--(0,)+∞(2)2()f x f x =2()(2)f x x =+()1f x x =+4()f x x=()f x x x =-()f x ()g x R x ∀∈()()0f x g x ⋅>A ．是一次函数，是二次函数B ．在上递增，在上递减C ．，都是奇函数D ．是奇函数，是偶函数二、填空题：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分11．若，则实数x 的值为 .12. 不等式的解集为，则 ， .13. 函数是定义在上的奇函数，当时，，则 ．14. 函数，则的减区间为 ，的值域是 .15. 已知函数.①当时，在定义域内单调递减；②当时，一定有；③若存在实数，使得函数没有零点，则一定有；④若存在实数，使得函数恰有三个零点，则一定有；以上结论中，所有正确结论的序号是 .三、解答题：本大题共3小题，共35分16. （12分）设集合，，. （I ）求；（II ）求；（III ）若，求实数k 的取值范围.17. （11分）某学校课外活动小组根据预报的当地某天（0 ~ 24时）空气质量指数数据绘制成散点图，并选择函数来近似刻画空气质量指数随时间变化的规律（如下图所示）：（I ）求的值；（II ）当空气质量指数大于150时，有关部门建议市民外出活动应戴防雾霾口罩，并禁止特殊行业施工.请结合上面选择的函数模型，回答以下问题，并说明理由：()f x ()g x ()f x R ()g x R ()f x ()g x ()f x ()g x {21,3,5}x x ∈-210ax bx +-≥1(,1][,)4-∞-+∞U a =b =()f x R 0x >2()3f x x x =-((1))f f =231, 02()2, 20x x f x x x x +≤≤⎧=⎨+-≤<⎩()f x ()f x 2()(,4)2R x a f x a a x +=∈≠--1a =()f x 4a <-(3)(4)(1)f f f <<k ()y f x x k =-+4a <-k 2()1y f x kx =-+4a >-{||1|2}A x x =->4{|0}23x B x x +=≤-{|2121}C x k x k =-<<+()U A B ðA B C A B ⊆ 2118,08264,824at t y t t b t +≤≤⎧=⎨-+<≤⎩y t ,a b①某同学该天7:00出发上学，是否应戴防雾霾口罩？②当天特殊行业可以连续施工的最长时间为多少小时？18. （12分）已知函数.（I ）判断在上的单调性，并用定义证明；（II ）若是偶函数，求的值.卷（Ⅱ）一、选择题：本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分1. 已知集合，，，则A ．B ．C ．D ．2. 当时，恒成立，则的最大值为 A ．6 B ．10C ．12D ．133. 设集合的最大元素为，最小元素为，记的特征值为，若集合中只有一个元素，规定其特征值为.已知，，，，是集合的元素个数均不相同的非空真子集，且，则的最大值为A ．14 B ．15 C ．16 D ．18二、填空题：本大题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分4. ________.5. 若二次函数的图像关于对称，且，则实数的取值范围是 .6. 设函数. 当时，的最小值是________；若是的最小值，则a 的取值范围是________.三、解答题：本大题共2小题，共20分7. （10分）已知函数.（I ）求方程组的解集；（II ）在答题纸的坐标系中，画出函数的图像；（III ）若在上具有单调性，求实数a 的取值范围.1()(2)f x x x =-)(x f (1,2)()()g x f x a =+a {1,1}A =-{|,,}B z z x y x A y A ==+∈∈{|,,}C z z x y x A y A ==-∈∈B C =B CÞB C =∅I B C A =U 2x >142x a x +≥-a A M m A A X M m =-01A 2A 3A n A *N 123120nA A A A X X X X ++++= n 13213410.125()25627--+---=()f x 2x =()()()01f a f f <<a 2(),0()1,0x a x f x x x x ⎧-≤⎪=⎨+>⎪⎩12a =()f x (0)f ()f x ()(2)1f x x x =-+()20y f x x y =⎧⎨-=⎩()f x ()f x (,1)a a +8. （10分）如果正整数集的子集满足：①；②，，使得，则称为集.（I ）分别判断与是否为集（直接写出结论）；（II ）当时，对于集，设，求证：；（III ）当时，若，求集中所有元素的和的最小值.{}*12,,,(,2)N n A a a a n n =∈≥ 121n a a a =<<< ()2k a A k n ∀∈≤≤(),1i j a a A i j n ∃∈≤≤≤k i j a a a =+A ψ{}1,3,5A ={}1,2,3,6B =ψ5n =ψ{}12345,,,,A a a a a a =15S a a =++ 521a S +≤7n ≥36n a =ψA参考答案I 卷一、单项选择题（每题4分，共40分）题号12345678910答案C B B D C A A B DB 二、填空题（每题5分，共25分）11. 1或5 12. 4，3 13. 214. ， 15. ②③注：12、14题第一空3分，第二空2分；15题少选3分，错选漏选0分.三、解答题（共35分）16. 由题意，，，(I) ；(II) ；(III) 显然，，解得，因此的取值范围是.17. (I) ，解得(II) ①是. .②时，，解得；时，，解得；,所以可以连续施工的最长时间为12小时.18. (I)在上单调递减.124⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭，178⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦()()13A =-∞-+∞ ，，A R ð[]1,3=34,2B ⎡⎫=-⎪⎢⎣⎭31,2A B ⎡⎫=⎪⎢⎣⎭R ð()3,3,2A B ⎛⎫=-∞+∞ ⎪⎝⎭ 2121,k k C -<+≠∅3212132k k +≤-≥或124k k ≤≥或k [)124⎛⎤-∞+∞ ⎥⎝⎦ ，，8118206264648206a b +=⎧⎨⨯-⨯+=⎩11590a b =⎧⎨=⎩711118195150⨯+=>08t ≤≤11118150t +≤32011t ≤≤824t ≤≤2264590150t t -+≤1022t ≤≤3222101211-=>)(x f ()1,2定义域为，任取且，所以在上单调递减.(II)，是偶函数，则定义域关于原点对称，，则，此时，定义域，，符合题意，所以.II 卷一、单项选择题（每题5分，共15分）1. A2. C3. C二、填空题（每题5分，共15分）4. 5. 6. ，注：6题第一空3分，第二空2分.三、解答题（共20分）7. ，(I) ，()()()00,22-∞+∞ ，，()12,1,2x x ∈12x x <()()()()1211221122f x f x x x x x -=---()()()22221112122222x x x x x x x x ---=--()()()()211212122220x x x x x x x x -+-=-->)(x f ()1,2()()1(2)g x x a x a =++-()g x ()(2)0a a -+-=1a =()()11(1)g x x x =+-()()()11,11-∞--+∞ ，，()()()()111(1)1(1)g x g x x x x x -===-+--+-1a =15-()(),04,-∞+∞ 14⎡⎣()()()()()21,121,1x x x f x x x x -+≥-⎧⎪=⎨---<-⎪⎩()2()0202y f x x f x x y y x =-=⎧⎧⇔⎨⎨-==⎩⎩当，，，解得或当， ，即，解得或（舍）；综上，方程组的解集是.(II)（作图过程略）(III) 在递增，在递减，所以或或，因此实数a 的取值范围是.8. (I) 注意到：，因此数集不是集.注意到：，因此数集是集.(II) 由于集合是集，即对任意的，存在，使得成立。
2023-2024学年北京市第四中学高一下学期期中物理试卷一、选择题：本大题共14小题，共56分。
1.万有引力定律的发现者是( )A. 开普勒B. 伽利略C. 牛顿D. 卡文迪许2.如图所示，质量为m1和m2的两个物体，在大小相等的两个力F1和F2的作用下分别沿水平方向移动了相同的距离，F1和F2与水平方向的夹角相同。
若两物体与地面间的动摩擦因数分别为μ1，μ2，且μ1≤μ2，m1<m2，则F1做功W1与F2做功W2的关系是( )A. W1>W2B. W1<W2C. W1=W2D. 条件不足，无法确定3.一个学生用100N的力，将静止在球场的质量为0.5kg的足球，以10m/s的速度踢出20m远，则该学生对足球做的功为( )A. 25JB. 50JC. 500JD. 2000J4.名宇航员来到某星上，此星的密度为地球的一半，半径也为地球的一半，则他受到的“重力”为在地球上所受重力的( )A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 2倍D. 4倍5.2017年6月15日上午，我国在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射首颗X射线调制望远镜卫星“慧眼”。
它的总质量约2.5吨，在距离地面550公里的轨道上运行，其运动轨道可近似看成圆轨道。
已知地球半径约为6400公里，根据上述信息可知该卫星( )A. 运行速度大于7.9km/sB. 轨道平面可能不通过地心C. 周期小于更低轨道近地卫星的周期D. 向心加速度小于地球表面重力加速度值6.如图所示，质量相同的两物体从同一高度由静止开始运动，沿着固定在地面上的光滑斜面下滑，做自由落体运动，两物体分别到达地面，下列说法正确的是( )A. 运动过程中重力的平均功率P A>P BB. 运动过程中重力的平均功率P A=P BC. 到达地面时重力的瞬时功率P A<P BD. 到达地面时重力的瞬时功率P A=P B7.如图所示，把一个带弹簧但质量未知的签字笔笔尖朝上，沿竖直方向压缩到底，无初速释放后笔上升的最大高度为ℎ；再把笔水平放置在桌面上，沿水平方向压缩到底，无初速释放后，笔在桌面上滑行的最大距离为s，忽略空气阻力，则由上述物理量可估算出( )A. 弹簧的弹性势能的最大值B. 上升过程中重力所做的功C. 水平滑行过程中摩擦力所做的功D. 笔与桌面间的动摩擦因数8.如图所示，质量m=1kg的物块，以速度v0=4m/s滑上正沿顺时针转动的水平传送带，传送带上A、B 两点间的距离L=6m，已知传送带的速度v=6m/s，物块与传送带间的动摩擦因数µ=0.2，重力加速度g 取10m/s2。
北京四中北师版必修一至必修十一各单元单词和短语Unit 1 单词1.questionnaire2.matter3.partner4.lifestyle5.shepherd6.peaceful7.relaxing8.stressful9.suppose10.series11.cartoonplain13.couch14.switch15.play16.BBC17.portable18.remote19.workaholic20.paperwork21.alarm22.urgent23.personal24.document25.midnight26.bored27.stress28.studio29.expert30.suffer31.pressure32.social33.reduceanize 35.diet36.stand37.prefer38.volunteer39.graduate40.minus41.basin42.challenge43.support44.dial45.design46.advertisement47.presentation48.solve49.accountant50.tube51.crowded52.nearby53.otherwise54.forecast55.crowd56.lung57.distance58.sickness59.cigar60.classical61.survey62.formal63.mini-skirt64.cycle65.style词组 series67.talk show68.couch potato69.switch on70.switch off71.switch over72.remote control73.alarm clock74.go off75.take up76.be filled with77.suffer from78.distance learning79.at the moment80.over the years81.kung fuUnit 1 单词1.问卷,调查表2.要紧,有重大关系3.搭档,合作者4.生活方式5.牧羊人6.和平的;平静的7.轻松的,放松的8.充满压力的,紧张的9.认为,猜想10.连续,系列,丛书11.卡通片,动画片12.抱怨,投诉13.长沙发,睡椅14.转换,转变15.戏剧,短剧16.英国广播公司17.轻便的,手提(式)的18.遥远的19.工作第一的人20.日常文书工作21.警报,警告器22.急迫的,紧急的23.私人的,个人的24.公文,文件25.午夜,半夜26.厌烦的,不感兴趣的27.压力28.工作室,演播室29.专家30.感到疼痛,遭受(痛苦)31.压力32.爱交际的,社交的33.减少,降低34.组织35.饮食,节食36.忍耐,忍受37.更喜欢;宁愿38.志愿者39.毕业40.负,零下41.水盆,脸盆42.挑战43.支持,支撑44.拨(电话号码)45.设计46.广告47.表演,展示48.解决,解答49.会计,会计师50.(英)地铁51.拥挤的52.附近的;在……附近53.否则;另外54.预测,预报55.人群,一伙人56.肺57.距离58.疾病59.雪茄烟60.古典的61.调查62.正式的,合礼仪的63.迷你裙,超短裙64.骑自行车65.风格,作风词组66.电视连续剧67.谈话节目,现场访谈68.终日懒散在家的人69.把开关打开,接通70.把……关掉,关上71.转换频道,转变72.遥控73.闹钟74.(爆竹、铃等)响75.占据76.充满着77.忍受,遭受78.远程学习79.此刻,目前80.熟年间81.(中国)功夫Unit 2单词1.calm2.generous3.violent4.character5.spaceship6.province7.astronaut8.flightunch10.gravity11.rocket12.soar13.explore14.peacefully15.reporter16.glow17.atmosphere18.parachute19.helicopterlion21.wave22.afterwards23.revolution24.found25.republic26.opinion27.personally 28.racism29.equal30.struggle31.protest32.march33.brilliant34.skilful35.awfulelesspete38.amazing39.unusual40.champion41.violence42.bullet43.career44.keen45.event46.fortunately47.athlete48.superhero49.superman50.disaster51.promote52.injurymit54.relationship55.react56.divorce57.involve58.charity59.quality60.disabled61.confident62.Olympic63.badminton64.admire65.dive66.dead(right)67.medal68.absolutely词组69.manned spaceship70.the United Nationslions of72.light bulb73.in my opinion74.on one’s own75.give upe to77.pull throughmit suicide79.get on80.get involved with81.far tooe off it83.You’ve got a point here.Unit 2单词1.镇静的,沉着的2.慷慨的,大方的3.暴力的4.人物;性格5.太空船6.省7.宇航员8.飞行;航班9.发射10.地心引力11.火箭12.高飞,翱翔13.探险14.和平地,平静地15.记者,通讯员16.发光17.大气;气氛18.降落伞19.直升机20.百万21.挥手示意,致意22.然后,后来23.革命24.建立,创立25.共和国26.意见,看法,主张27.就自己而言28.种族主义29.平等的30.斗争,拼搏31.抗议32.行军33.卓越的,辉煌的34.灵巧的,熟练的35.(口)极度的,糟糕的36.无用的,无效的37.比赛,竞争38.令人惊异的39.不平常的40.冠军41.暴力,暴行42.子弹43.职业,一生的事业44.热心的,渴望的45.竞赛,事件46.幸运地47.运动员48.超级英雄49.超人50.灾难51.促进,提升52.伤害,损害53.犯(错误),干(坏事)54.关系55.反应56.离婚57.涉及,参与58.慈善,施舍59.质量,品质60.残疾的61.自信的62.奥运会的63.羽毛球64.钦佩,羡慕65.潜水,跳水66.完全地,绝对地67.奖章,勋章68.完全地,绝对地词组69.载人宇宙飞船70.联合国71.数百万72.电灯泡73.在我看来74.单独地,独自地75.放弃76.达到某种状态77.使从(受伤)中活下来,度过难关78.自杀79.融洽相处;进展80.参加,参与81.太……,极为……82.别胡扯83.你所说的看来有道理。
2018-2019学年高中英语Unit 11 The Media单元整合训练北师大版必修4编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018-2019学年高中英语Unit 11 The Media单元整合训练北师大版必修4）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018-2019学年高中英语Unit 11 The Media单元整合训练北师大版必修4的全部内容。
Unit 11 The Media单元整合训练[语言知识再落实］Ⅰ。
单句语法填空1．He pretended to be reading(read） an important document when the boss came in。
2．Blamed （blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.3．You must do something to prevent your house from being broken（break） in。
4．Some necessary equipment as well as food and clothes has been sent（send) to the disaster.hit area since the powerful earthquake occurred。
5．The prime minister is making an important announcement（announce） at the moment.6．They defend their country from/against enemies。
北大附中高一年级第一学期9—11单元英语测验2000--2001年度北大附中高一年级第一学期9—11 单元英语测验（考试时间： 2000年12月）（考试所需时间：90分钟）一、单词辨音（5%）1. complete A. decision B. people C. help D. before2. improve A. money B. reason C. would D. soup3. shooting A. gold B. blood C.soon D. firewood4. theatre A. idea B. team C. tea D. instead5. society A. friend B. science C.believe D.fifties二、选择最佳答案（20%）6. The computer can help us greatly. _____, more people travel by plane in China than before.A. At one timeB. In factC. As a resultD. At least7. It’s ______ of time to do something ______.A. wastes, necessaryB. a waste, uselessC. wastes, usefulD. a waste, important8. An English teacher should ______ the learning of grammar easier for his or her students.A. makeB. doC. helpD. let9. I really can’t decide _____ first, a small computer or a big one?A. what to buyB. to buy whatC. which to buyD. to buy which10. It’s too late. I’ll have to get the children ______ to be D.A. goingB. goC. and goD. to go11. We had a hard life ______ in my childhoo D.A. at a timeB. at all timesC. at one timeD. at any time12. ______ the beginning of term, we usually make a plan ______ study.A. In, ofB. On, ofC. By, ofD. At, for13. If the work ______, you may go out to play.A. have been doneB. will have been doneC. has been doneD. was done14. He is the teacher by whom I ______ taught.A. have once beenB. had once beenC. have onceD. had once15. I’m sure the red team will ______ the game.A. winB. beatC. defeatD. succeed16. Is this farm ______ you visited the other day?A. whichB. whereC. thatD. the one17. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom18. Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle.A. ride, rideB. riding, rideC. ride, to rideD. to ride, riding19. Tom is no longer ______ he used to be.A. whomB. thatC. whatD. when20. “Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.B. thatC. all thatD. that all21. Do you still remember the days ______ you spent in the countryside?A. on whichB. whenC. during whichD. which22. Is there anything ______ I can do for you?A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where23. My mother is not only angry ______ what you did but also angry ______you.A. at, withB. with, atC. at, toD. in, to24. Mr White, who I ______ moved to the south of France, still lives in London.A. think to haveB. think hadC. thought haveD. thought had25. I cannot go home now. A lot of work ______ to be done.A. haveB. remainsD. will三、补全对话(5%)A: Good morning.B: Good morning.A: I’d like a ticket to Pittsburgh, please.B: Round trip?A: 26 .B: Okay. That’ll be twenty-two dollars.A: Twenty-two? 27 .B: I know. The rate went up this month.A: Just like everything else?B: Yes.A: Does the bus still leave at two-fifteen?B: 28 . You must be at the door at two o’clock, though. The driver usually begins loading fifteen minutes before he pulls out.A: Fine.B: 29 .A: Just two. I’ll carry the other one with me.B: That’s good. We can check only two of them anyway. 30 .A: Okay, thanks a lot.B: You’re welcome. Have a nice trip.A．Give the baggage to the driver when you get to Pittsburgh.B．Two fifteen at gate eleven.C．Last time I took this bus it was only twenty.D．Do you have any suitcase?E．Do you prefer to carry your suitcases?F．No, one way.G．I’d like to take it.四、完形填空。
Unit 11The MediaLesson 1 World NewsⅠ．单词拼写1．TV，radio and newspaper all belong to the m______.2．The leaders of the two nations are discussing c______ affairs。
3．The bus______(爆炸）because of an accident,causing many people injured。
4．As high school students，we should care about______（政治）affairs。
5．China Daily is a w______ accepted newspaper in China。
6．In some mountain areas of China，many children can't go to school because of p______.7．Head teachers are more involved in________(行政工作)than in teaching。
8．The r______ of economy policy in this country made people become richer。
9．The host a______ that the party began。
10．He drew an artificial d______ between men and women readers.11．If you want to join in the Party,please write an a______ first。
12．This is an interesting film；everyone who have seen it feels very happy or______。
2024北京四中高一（上）期末物理（试卷满分为100分，考试时间为90分钟）一、单项选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个正确选项。
请将答案填涂在答题卡上。
）1. 下面列举了四个物理量的单位，其中属于国际单位制的基本单位的是（）A. 力（N）B. 时间（s）C. 功（J）D. 压强（Pa）2. 一个篮球放在水平桌面上静止不动，则下列说法中正确的是（）A. 篮球对桌面的压力就是篮球受的重力，它们是同一性质的力B. 篮球受到的重力和篮球对桌面的压力是一对平衡力C. 篮球对桌面的压力和桌面对篮球的支持力是一对平衡力D. 篮球对桌面的压力和桌面对篮球的支持力是一对作用力与反作用力3. 物块M在静止的传送带上匀速下滑时，传送带突然转动，传送带转动的方向如图中箭头所示．则传送带转动后（（A. M将减速下滑B. M仍匀速下滑C. M受到的摩擦力变小D. M受到的摩擦力变大4. 如图所示，小物体M与水平圆盘保持相对静止，跟着圆一起做匀速圆周运动，则M的受力情况是（）A. 受重力、支持力B. 受重力、向心力C. 受重力、支持力、摩擦力D. 受重力、支持力、向心力、摩擦力v水平抛出（小球经时间t落地（落地时的速度大小为5. 在水平地面附近某一高度处（将一个小球以初速度2v的速度水平抛出（则小球v（落地点与抛出点的水平距离为x（不计空气阻力（若将小球从相同位置以A. 落地的时间变为2tB. 落地时的速度大小将变为2vC. 落地的时间仍为tD. 落地点与抛出点的水平距离仍为x6. 为了研究超重与失重问题，某同学静止站在电梯中的体重计上观察示数变化.在电梯运动的某阶段，他发现体重计的示数大于自己实际体重，此时电梯的运动状态可能是()A. 匀速上升B. 加速上升C. 匀速下降D. 加速下降7. 质量为m的物体用轻绳AB悬挂于天花板上。
用水平向左的力F缓慢拉动绳的中点O，如图所示。
用T 表示绳OA段拉力的大小，在O点向左移动的过程中（）A. F逐渐变大，T逐渐变大B. F逐渐变大，T逐渐变小C. F逐渐变小，T逐渐变大D. F逐渐变小，T逐渐变小8. 如图所示，货车在平直道路上向右以加速度a，做加速运动时，与石块B接触的物体对它的作用力为F，方向如图所示。
北师大版必修四UNIT 11 单元综合测试英语试题姓名：_________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________ 第一部分：单项填空（共15小题；每小题l分，共15分）1．–How about this kind of fruit? –Oh, this kind of fruit ___ lost of vitamins B and C.A. remainsB. holdsC. includesD. contains2. A hurricane hit the city last night and a large ___of damage was done in a very short time.A. numberB. dealC. amountD. sum3. In some countries where there is not enough coal, water is used to __electricity.A. makingB. makeC. be madeD. being made4. The conflict spread everywhere into villages, ___into the cities.A. rather thanB. or elseC. as well asD. instead of5. He is a ___child, that is, he is a child of___.A. three-years-old; three year oldB. three-years-old; three years oldC. three years old; three-year-oldD. three-year-old; three years old6. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer , ___?A. do IB. don’t IC. will theyD. won’t they7. Can you imagine him ___ a film star?A. becomingB. to becomeC. turnD. turning8. What did he major ___at university? A. at B. on C. inD. about9. The country faces a ___crisis due to shortage of labor.A. seniorB. minorC. majorD. junior10. We ___buying our own house.A. dream upB. dream ofC. dream awayD. dream on11. Everyone, ___, showed great interest when I mentioned you would go for a hike with us.A. include three little girlsB. three little girls includeC. including three little girlsD. included three little girls12. I can’t imagine ___such a poor man.A. she marries withB. she will marry withC. her to marryD. her marrying13. The visiting professor ___giving lectures to students ___invited to meeting at a time.A. preferred; to beingB. preferred to; rather thanC. preferred; that beingD. preferred; to be14. As a teacher, you must ___what you teach to your students.A. get inB. get overC. get acrossD. get through15. People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, this ___creates further problems.A. in shortB. in caseC. in aboutD. in turn第二部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Hi Cindy,Please don’t worry if you feel a little strange around boys. You are in the process of 16from a little girl into a young woman and there are 17 called hormones(荷尔蒙)that are changing not only your body but your 18 . For example, you say you used to feel at ease 19 boys and you would usually run and fight one another for 20 . That was Cindy, the little girl, Cindy the 21 woman doesn’t want to fight boys or even run with them 22 your interests are changing. That is what is making you feel strange and it is also 23 to the other girls around you and also to the boys. Your life is 24 a different stage but you should understand that this is (a) 25 normal, and(b) something that will pass quickly.I think you should again try to 26 around boys. You can still talk with them about 27 your like including sports, movies, web sites and celebrities (名人). I 28 that you not try to fight with them, however, because the 29 are becoming much bigger and stronger. I think you will find that you will 30 being with boys but that your feelings will be different from the 31 they used to be. I know you are not supposed to have a 32 while you are still in school in China, but if you start to find some boys very handsome and you are strongly 33 to some of them, don’t be surprised, 34 , this is all very normal. For now, you should 35 your school work, though you will find that some boys are attracted to you. This will be a new adventure for you and my best advice is to relax and enjoy it.Good luck,Brad16. A. starting B. surviving C. changing D. ranging17. A. cells B. nutritions C. objects D. chemicals18. A. head B. mind C. life D. study19. A. against B. for C. with D. without20. A. fun B. honor C. good D. praise21. A. brave B. young C. smart D. unique22. A. before B. when C. until D. because23. A. referring B. appealing C. happening D. pointing24. A. setting B. entering C. reflecting D.representing25. A. perfectly B. possibly C. hardly D. nearly26. A. play B. fool C. date D. relax27. A. somebody B. anybody C. anything D. something28. A. demand B. recommend C. command D. determine29. A. girls B. adults C. kids D. boys30. A. enjoy B. hate C. avoid D. regret31. A. model B. standard C. way D. style32. A. girlfriend B. boyfriend C. degree D. job33. A. attracted B. opposed C. exposed D. accustomed34. A. Rather B. Besides C. Afterwards D. Again35. A. depend on B. decide on C. concentrate on D. agree on第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AIn 1883, John Roebling was inspired by an idea to build a bridge connecting New York with the Long Island. However, bridge building experts throughout the world thought this was impossible, but Roebling could not ignore the vision he had in his mind of this bridge. After much discussion and persuasion he managed to convince his son Washington, an up and coming engineer, that the bridge in fact could be built.The project started well, but only a few months later a tragic accident on the site took the life of John Roebling. Washington was injured and left with a certain amount of brain damage, which resulted in him not being able to walk or talk or even move.“Crazy men and their crazy dreams.” “It’s foolish to chase(追求) wild visions.” Everyone had a negative comment to make and felt the project should be abandoned since the Roeblings were the only ones to know how the bridge could be built.In spite of his handicap, Washington was never discouraged.One day he was lying on his bed in hospital, seeing the sky and the tops of the trees outside, and a gentle breeze blowing the white curtains apart when an idea hit him. He decided to make the best use of the only finger he could move. Slowly he developed a code of communication with his wife.He touched his wife’s arm with that finger, indicating that he wanted her to call the engineers again. Then he used the same method of tapping her arm to tell the engineers what to do. It seemed foolish but the project was under way again.For 13 years Washin gton tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wife’s arm until the bridge was finally completed.36. Which of the following is true of Washington and his father?A. They are curious and modest.B. They are stubborn and craszy.C. They are creative and determined.D. They are hardworking and courageous.37. The underlined phrase “wild vision” in Paragraph 3 refers to “_________”.A. the end of failureB. the building of the bridgeC. the brain damageD. the tragic accident38. The text suggests that “_________”.A. A lighted heart is a good medicineB. Many hands make light workC. No pains, no gainsD. Impossible is nothingBWith Amazon selling more e-books than hardbacks, this may not seem like the best time to be having a book festival in San Diego County —let alone two. But that’s what book lovers have in store, with the San Diego City College International Book Fair concluding this weekend and the County Library Book Festival running all day Oct. 9.“Whatever the format, it’s still a writer putting pen to paper or tapping their fingers on keyboards,” said Liz Hildreth, co-chair of the library festival. “It’s still authors, still stories, still books. We hope what the festival tells us is that books are a re al part of people’s lives. That books are still important.”So important, organizers say, that one day they hope to rival (竞争) festivals in other places that routinely draw more than 100,000 people and feature hundreds of top writers across virtually every literary genre.Now in its fifth year, the weeklong City College International Book Festival attracted about 150 people to its Sept. 24 opening night. The featured author was Laurel Corona, a professor at the school who writes historical fiction.“Festivals are just fun, for readers and authors,” said Corona, one of the experts at the county library event. “They create excitement about books in general. People wander, discover authors they might never find otherwise.”Moore Susan, community relations manager for the county library system, said going to festivals changed her view that “owning a book was enough. I went and heard authors like (children’s writer) Chris Raschka. He added depth and meaning to what I had read, brought new ideas forward that I had no clue about.”“We’re doing it because we love books, we love reading, and because our customers are asking us all the time for author events,” Moore said. “People really do long to make those connections.”39. Book festivals in San Diego _________.A. play a real part in local people’s livesB. are organized by book loversC. attract hundreds of top writersD. are reader and author events40. Which of the following is true of Liz Hildreth?A. He prefers e-books.B. He is a book lover.C. He writes historical fiction.D. He is a professor of relations.41. The underlined words “literary genre” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “_________”.A. theory of literatureB. example of writersC. type of literatureD. kind of readers42. From what Moore Susan said we can learn that _________.A. she seldom goes to book festivalsB. it’s easy to organize such activitiesC. book festivals in San Diego are popularD. it’s not the best time for book festivals nowCResearchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old.The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup(民意调查) Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five.The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.43. What can be the best title of the text?A. Happiness Varies with AgesB. Experience More, Worry LessC. The Older, the WiserD. Being Young, Being Happy44. We can learn from the research that _________.A. only when people get older will they feel happierB. stress levels among the youngest are the highestC. older people tend to be gratefulD. older people usually have no worries45. According to the research, when people get older, _________.A. they miss the old daysB. they are physically weakC. they have better self-controlD. they are more emotional46. What would the author probably talk about next?A. What influences happiness.B. How to live better.C. How to keep happier.D. Why women are less happier.47. The author is intended to _________.A. advise how to reduce stressB. introduce a scientific findingC. describe the process of doing researchD. talk about human emotionsDEurope’s first major university department to promote research into government and public policy will open in Oxford under new plans.In a hugely significant move, Oxford University will create a new school of government in 2012 following a £75 million donation by Leonard Blavatnik, the American industrialist and philanthropist(慈善家). The school is intended to train outstanding graduates from across the world in the skills and responsibilities of government. The move is being backed by world leaders including Nelson Mandela, Bill Clinton and Kofi Annan.Andrew Hamilton, Oxford’s vice-chancellor, said: “The school represents a huge milestone in Oxford’s history. It will give tomorrow’s leaders the best of Oxford’s traditional strengths alongside new and practical ways of understanding and meeting the challenges of good governance.”“The university has educated 26 British Prime Ministers and over 30 other world leaders, yet until now the major international schools of government have all been outside Eur ope, principally in the United States.”Under plans, the Blavatnik School of Government will provide a series of practical courses leading to a Master’s degree. It will cover a range of subjects including the humanities, social sciences, law, science, technology, health, finance, energy and security policy.Oxford said Mr Blavatnik’s donation was one of the most generous in the university’s 900 year history. The university itself will be investing an additional £26m in the school, as well as land in the Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, where the school will be located.Lord Patten, Oxford’s chancellor, said: “This is a once-in-a-century opportunity for Oxford. Through the Blavatnik donation, Oxford will now become the world’s leading centre for the training of future leaders in government and public policy – and in ways that take proper account of the very different traditions, institutions and cultures that those leaders will serve. It is an important moment for the future of good government throughout the wor ld.”48. What is the text mainly about?A. Political leaders from Oxford.B. Traditions and strengths of Oxford.C. Oxford ways to train future leaders .D. Oxford school of government under plans.49. What can students learn in the new school?A. Politics and economics.B. Philosophy and humanities.C. Traditional and practical courses.D. Modern science and technology.50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Public policy is the present focus.B. More world leaders will rise from Oxford.C. World leaders need to respect each other .D. Lord Patten has different opinions of the plan.E Are Societies Ageing Too Fast? ( 七选五)An ageing society is one in which the population of people over the age of 60 is increasing．The global population at present is about 6 billion with 1 person in every 10 aged 60 or above．__51__．This will mean that for the first time in human history the population of older persons will be larger than the population of children! What are the causes of this population change?__52__．And another is that birthrates have dropped as people, especially women, are educated．Measures to slow population growth like China’s one-child policy, have also contributed to lowered birthrates．The increase in the aged population is not just an interesting trend, however; it also has severe implications for the future of global economies．People traditionally retire at 65 and live on government pensions．__53__．Another concern is that as medical expenses increase with age, the demands of the growing aged population will eventually cause medical systems to face bankruptcy（破产）．__54__．They suggest that because people are living longer, they ought to work longer, while governments need to establish a sound social security system．They also suggest that individuals start saving as soon as possible to ensure a financially secure retirement．People should also develop good health habits in their youth to ensure an active and productive old age．__55__．By finding cures for diseases like Alzheimer’s and cancer, medical bills and the need for care would be drastically reduced．Finally, an important step to ensure a bright future for all is to do away with negative stereotypes that see valuable members of society only as pensioners or patients．It’s high time we stopped seeing ageing as a disease and started playing our parts in securing the future of our ageing societies．A.Due to ageing problem, cities are facing more challenges．B.Experts insist that steps should be taken now to prepare for the future．C.As people grow older, a huge financial burden will be placed on the government．D.Biomedical research is another tool we can use to deal with the problems ofageing societies．E.One reason is that dramatic health advances have added 20 years to the averagelife-expectancy．F.The United Nations projects that by 2050, it will be 1 in every 5．G.As is known to all, good habits lead to good health．短文改错（每题1分，共10分。
北京市西城区北京市第四中学2024届数学高一第二学期期末学业水平测试试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的1．函数()323x f x x =+-的零点所在的区间是（ ）． A ．(2,1)--B ．(1,0)-C ．(0,1)D ．(1,2)2．已知两点()()0,3,4,0A B -，若点P 是圆2220x y y +-=上的动点，则ABP ∆面积的最大值为（ ） A ．13B ．3C ．132D ．323．已知全集{}{}0,1,2,3,1,3U A ==，则集合U C A = A ．{}0B ．{}1,2C ．{}0,2D ．{}0,1,24．已知角α的终边经过点（3，-4），则sin cos αα+的值为（ ） A ．15-B ．15C ．15±D ．1755±±或5．若函数()2sin 4f x x πω⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭（0>ω）的最大值与最小正周期相同，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．在59,44⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上是增函数B ．图象关于直线12x =对称 C ．图象关于点1,04⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭对称D ．当10,2x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时，函数()f x 的值域为)26．若长方体三个面的面积分别为2，3，6，则此长方体的外接球的表面积等于（ ）A ．49πB ．494πC ．14πD ．143π7．在等比数列{}n a 中，39a =-，71a =-，则5a 的值为（ ） A ．3或-3B ．3C ．-3D ．不存在8．若关于的不等式的解集为空集，则实数的取值范围是 A ．B ．C ．D ．9．如图，在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，M ，N 分别是棱BB 1，B 1C 1的中点，若∠CMN =90°，则异面直线AD 1和DM 所成角为（ ）A ．30°B ．45°C ．60°D ．90°10．已知数列{}log a n b (0a >且)1a ≠是首项为2，公差为1的等差数列，若数列{}n a 是递增数列，且满足lg n n n a b b =，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ）A ．2,13⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭B ．()2,+∞C ．()2,11,3⎛⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭D ．()20,1,3⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭二、填空题：本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分。
Test for Unit 11一、听力（每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1.Where is Joan now?A.At home.B.At Bill’s home.C.At the office.2.How many foreign countries has the woman been to so far?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.3.What will Jack do?A.Play tennis.B.Go swimming.C.Visit Bill.4.Who is in hospital?A.Betty.B.Tom’s sister.C.Tom.5.Who is Mr. Smith?A. A repairman.B. A salesman.C. A shop assistant.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Why doesn’t the man enjoy his job?A.His job is very difficult.B.He gets very little money from his job.C.It’s difficult to make his boss accept what he says.7.What will the man do?A.He will find another job.B.He will not talk to his boss any more.C.He will keep trying to talk to his boss.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What does Cedar Deck refer to?A. A company.B.Tom’s friend.C.Manager of a company.9.What did Tom tell his mother in his last letter?A.He had found a job.B.He had lost his job.C.He had just bought a second-hand car.10.Why does Tom want to tell his mother about his study?A.He doesn’t want her to worry about his study.B.He doesn’t want her to worry about his job.C.He doesn’t want her to worry about his life.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.How many books has the man got in hand at first?A.10.B.Less than 10.C.More than 10.12.Why have the rules changed?A.Some students kept the books too long.B.Some students kept the books so the others cannot use them.C.Some students never returned the books they had borrowed.13.What do we know about the books the man tried to borrow?A.They’re of the same topic.B.They’re all new ones.C.They’re just been returned.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.What was the man doing when the story happened?A.Sleeping.B.Swimming.C.Listening to the radio.15.What was the problem?A.The boy was hurt by the arms.B.Water got into the boy’s eyes.C.The boy was almost drowned.16.What did the man do?A.He took off his shoes.B.He watched carefully.C.He jumped into the sea.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.How long is the speaker staying in Finland?A.The whole winter.B.About half a month.C.About one month.18.Why is she in Finland?A.To buy clothes.B.To attend a meeting.C.To experience the weather.19.What was the speaker’s biggest problem with preparing for the trip?A.Taking along the right kind of clothes.B.Getting used to the weather.C.Selling warm clothes.20.Why could Julia help?A.She’s been to North Europe.B.She’s from Finland.C.She makes clothes.二．单项选择题（每小题1分，共15分）21. The PLA men _____ a big part in saving lives after the earthquake.A. madeB. tookC. playedD. did22. I can't understand it, will you please _____ once more?A. explain that wordB. repeat that wordC. explain us that wordD. explain that word for us23. We must do something to _____ factories _____waste water into the river before it is cleaned.A. stop; pouringB. prevent; to pourC. keep; pouringD. stop; to pour24. Mary cares about clothes too much, and she _____ too much money _____ clothes.A. spend; inB. cost; atC. pays; toD. spends; on25. The enemy troop suddenly took the small village by surprise _____ a rainy morning.A. onB. atC. inD. during26. Tom was so angry with Bob that he hit _____.A. Bob in the headB. Bob's headC. Bob on the headD. on Bob's head27. ____Mr. Brown's anger, it was his own son who didn't agree ____him.A. To; withB. Because of; toC. With; ofD. For; on28. Paper _____ the fibres of plants for many years.A. has been made fromB. have been made out ofC. has made up ofD. have been made into29. He is ____ to win the political campaign and become the president.A. possibleB. likelyC. probableD. perhaps30. The bed ____ wood ____ three separate parts.A. is made from; is made up ofB. made by; is made withC is made up of; is made by D. made of; is made up of31. When she _____ at the party, everyone got very excited.A. turned onB. turned overC. turned downD. turned up32. Joanna, a six-foot-three redhead, ______ in her small Iowa farm community like a palm tree in a cornfield.A. put outB. started outC. set outD. stood out33. So who is _________ -- hunters, wildlife managers, hikers, developers?A. blamingB. blamedC. to be blamedD. to blame34. ______ the cream in the morning and the evening to make your skin smooth and beautiful.A. WearB. ApplyC. Put onD. Eat35. Each member of the committee suggested a different ______ to the problem.A. approachB. wayC. resultD. anwer三．完型填空（每小题1分，共20分）Booker T Washington had gone to some little border state town to make a speech, and it seemed that everybody in the town had turned 36 to hear him, all the whites and all the 37 . The whites sat 38 one side of the hall and the blacks on the other, 39 was the local custom. Washington made the speech that he was capable of, and people there clapped their hands.The editor of the local 40 was there on a front seat, and he seemed to 41 the speech more than anyone else. He clapped harder and laughed 42 than the 43 . Washington stayed in the little town until the next day because he wanted to see what the editor would 44 about his speech. His speech and the meeting had undoubtedly been the 45 events in town the day before. Washington naturally 46 to find it reported 47 the first page. The little paper had only four 48 . He found nothing on the first page, nothing on the 49 page, and nothing on the third page. He was just about to give up when he discovered his name in the last column of the 50 page, with about two inches of space 51 an advertisement.On that same day and in that same paper 52 black man had all of the front page to himself. It seems that when Booker T Washington entered that town to make a successful speech, another black man 53 entered the town to make an unsuccessful attempt to 54 a white woman’s purse. He got the 55 front page with his picture, his biography（个人经历）, and his family on it.36. A. away B. in C. out D. down37. A. blackman B. people C. black D. blacks38. A. on B. in C. to D. beside39. A. it B. as C. that D. this40. A. magazine B. radio C. book D. paper41. A. enjoy B. love C. dislike D. hate42. A. loud B. louder C. aloud D. loudly43. A. people B. other C. rest D. listeners44. A. say B. talk C. tell D. speak45. A. smallest B. biggest C. best D. most46. A. wanted B. liked C. expected D. intended47. A. before B. at C. in D. on48. A. pages B. sections C. copies D. parts49. A. third B. second C. fourth D. fifth50. A. first B. front C. second D. last51. A. under B. over C. above D. in52. A. the B. another C. other D. that53. A. too B. either C. as well D. also54. A. snatch B. catch C. take D. seize55. A. all B. whole C. total D. most四．阅读理解（每小题1.5分，共30分）AIt was at least two months before Christmas when nine-year-old Almie Rose told her father and me that she wanted a new bicycle. As Christmas drew nearer, her desire for a bicycle seemed to fade, or so we thought. We bought the latest rage, Baby Sitter's Club dolls, and a doll house. Then, much to our surprise, on December 23rd, she said that she “really wanted a bike more than anything else.” It was just too late , what with all the details of preparing Christmas dinner and buying last minute gifts, to take the time to select the ”right bike” for our little girl. So, here we were Christmas Eve around 9:00 p.m., with Almie and her six-year-old brother, Dylan, nestled snug in their beds. Now we could only think of the bicycle and the disappointment of our child.” What if I make a little bicycle out of clay (泥) and write a note that she could trade the clay model in for a real bike?” her dad asked. “This is an expensive item and she is …such a big girl,' it would be much better for her to pick it out.” So he spent the next four hours painstakingly working with clay to make a tiny bike. On Christmas morning, we were excited for Almie to open the little heart shaped package with the beautiful red and white clay bike and the note. Finally, she opened it and read the note aloud. “Does this mean that I trade in this bike that Daddy made me for a real one?”Beaming, I said, “Yes.” Almie had tears in her eyes when she replied, “I could never trade in this beautiful bicycle that Daddy made me. I'd rather keep this than get a real bike.”At that moment, we would have moved heaven and earth to buy her every bicycle on the planet!56. Choose the right time order of the following events.a. The girl asked for a new bike.b. The girl opened the little heart shaped package.c. The parents bought the girl a modern and popular doll.d. The father made the girl a bike with clay.e. The girl would rather keep the clay bike than get a real one.A. a, b, c, e, dB. a, c, d, b, eC. a, c, b, d, eD. a, b, d, c, e57. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The parents wanted the girl to have the clay bike for ever.B. Tears were in the girl's eyes because she didn't like the present at all.C. The girl never lost her desire for a bike.D. The parents paid little attention to the daughter's desire for a bike.58. Why did Dad make the clay bicycle?A. He wanted his daughter to buy a real one.B. He didn't want to disappoint his daughter.C. He thought his daughter would like it.D. He wanted to give his daughter a surprise.59. What can be inferred from the last sentence?A. The parents were happy and encouraged.B. The parents felt comfortable and relaxed.C. The parents were moved and felt proud of the girl.D. The parents felt disappointed and sorry for the girl.BDisposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Long distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost non-existent.Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people cannot longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.60. The most suitable title for this passage would be______.A. Places for Disposing WasteB. Waste Pollution DangersC. Ways of Getting Rid of WasteD. Waste Disposal Problem61. During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for______.A. burying itB. recycling itC. burning itD. throwing it into rivers62. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.D. Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.63. The main purpose of writing this article is to______.A. draw people's attention to waste managementB. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facingC. call on people to take part in recycling programsD. tell people a better way to get rid of the wasteCYou are standing under the most famous neon lights in the centre of London, waiting to cross the road. Suddenly the traffic stops. You hear the distant sounds of cheering, clapping and shouting. Then, like a multi-colored train, 2, 000 people with wheels on their feet zoom past you. You have just witnessed the London Skate, a twice weekly roller-skate event that attracts people in their hundreds and thousands London Skate is a completely free tour of the streets of London—the only condition is that you go along on roller-skates. It lasts between two and three hours and by the end of it you have skated between 10 and 12 miles.The skate snakes sound the streets of London along several different routes. Many of the routes pass by tourist attractions such as Buckingham Palace and Big Ben. Marshals (交通协调员) go ahead of the group, stopping the traffic so that people can skate as safely as possible. Everyone is welcome to take part and people from the age of 4 to 63 years old join the fun. “I love it very much, it is amazing. It feels just like a carnival (狂欢节), ” said Celeste Beverage regular skater.Roller-skating is really taking off across Europe and America. It is a very good way to keep fit and can be practiced anywhere there is a smooth surface. Many big cities in Western Europe and in the US now have a regular group skating event.The biggest skates take place in Paris and Munich and tens of thousands of fans show up on warm evenings. “Roller-skating is taking over the world,”said Julian Grenoble, a 25-year-old ski shop employee from London. Grenoble went to the Paris-Roller (Paris skate) regularly until he moved to Britain.“It's so exciting to skate in Pairs. Everyone skates so fast and puts in their best efforts!” he said. The Paris-Roller is well known because of the huge attendance, the presence of marshals and the police protection. Paris is a great city for roller-skating because of its long wide streets and smooth surfaces. Roller-skating is also becoming more popular in China among young people and children. Skating fans' favorite places to practice in China are big squares.64. This article mainly talks about______.A. places and streets for roller-skatingB. roller-skating in big citiesC. London Skate EventD. roller skaters in different countries65. The underlined phrase “taking off” in the passage means______.A. rising from the groundB. becoming popularC. setting outD. getting exciting66. We can infer from the passage that London Skate Event _______.A. is probably supported by the city governmentB. attracts a great many tourists from all over the worldC. usually causes a lot of traffic problemsD. draws people of all ages into the sport67. Paris is regarded as one of the most suitable places for roller-skating because____.A. a large under of roller players attend itB. the police protect the roller skatersC. the streets are safe, wide and smoothD. the event usually takes place on warm eveningsDMost episodes（情况）of absent-mindedness - forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room - are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You're supposed to remember something, but you haven't encoded （译成密码）it deeply."Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn't failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that."Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness", says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table - don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.68. We can learn from the passage that encoding ________.A. slows down the process of losing our memoriesB. helps us understand our memory system betterC. gets us to recall something from our memoriesD. helps us to find out the mobile phone in the pocket69. Why do women have better memories than men?A. They seldom use their mobile phones.B. They are more nervous about the environment.C. They are more interested in what's happening around them.D. They usually take some special medicine to improve memories.70. The sentence underlined in Paragraph 4 means that ___________.A. a note in the pocket will easily get lostB. putting something in sight can be a good reminderC. taking medicine can get rid of absent-mindednessD. people of absent-mindedness must take medicine with them71. What is the passage mainly about?A. The causes of absent-mindedness.B. The environment and memory.C. A way of encoding and recalling.D. The process of gradual memory loss.EShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. Adperson‟s self concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep affect on all areas of their lives. Shy people ,have low self-esteem(自尊), are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing”. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior (自卑). They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one:” You‟re just saying that to make me feel good .I know it's not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. It is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths, for example, not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have to be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to absence of inferiority. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.72. The first paragraph is mainly about_______.A. the thoughts of shy peopleB. the cause of shynessC. the effect of shyness on peopleD. the questions in the minds of shy people73. According to the wirter, self-awareness is _____.A. harmful to peopleB. a weak point of shy peopleC. the cause of unhappinessD. a good characteristic74. What is the shy people's reaction to praise?A. They are pleased by itB. They feel it is not trueC. They are very sensitive to itD. They feel they are worthy of it75. We can learn from the passage that shyness can______.A. help us to live up to our full developmentB. enable us to understand ourselves betterC. block our chances for a successful lifeD. have nothing to do with lack of self esteem五．翻译句子（每句2分，共10分）76. 它很有可能仅是公司的名称或大概位置。
