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虚拟语气用法小结及相关练习（附答案）一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类，条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是真实条件句，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
一类是虚拟条件句。
一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如拟条件句。
如: : If he had seen you yesterday, yesterday, he he would have asked you about it. it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
未能问你这件事。
) )1. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下: 主从句时态虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 主句主句 例句例句 与现在事与现在事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 If+主语+动词动词 的过去式(be 动词用were) 主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形动词原形 If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you. If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事与过去事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 If+主语+had+ 过去分词过去分词 主语+should, would, could, might + have + 过去分词过去分词 She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn’t been very busy. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed the exam. 与将来事与将来事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 ①If+主语+ 动词过去式动词过去式②If+主语+ were to+ 动词原形动词原形 ③If+主语+ should+ 动词原形动词原形 主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形动词原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 2. 错综时间条件句：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气）（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1). 混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
高一英语虚拟语气运用练习题40题含答案解析1.If I were you, I ______ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should答案解析：B。
if 引导的虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
A 选项will 一般用于一般将来时，不符合虚拟语气的用法；C 选项shall 一般用于第一人称的将来时，也不符合；D 选项should 意思不对。
2.I wish I ______ a bird and could fly freely.A.amB.wereC.wasD.be答案解析：B。
在wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反，要用虚拟语气，be 动词用were。
A 选项am 是一般现在时的用法；C 选项was 一般用于比较正式的场合，但在虚拟语气中不用；D 选项be 一般在不定式等情况下使用。
3.If he had time now, he ______ with us.A.will playB.would playC.shall playD.should play答案解析：B。
if 引导的虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
A 选项will play 一般用于一般将来时，不符合虚拟语气的用法；C 选项shall play 一般用于第一人称的将来时，也不符合；D 选项should play 意思不对。
4.She would be happy if she ______ more friends.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.having答案解析：B。
if 引导的虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。
中考英语虚拟语气顶级综合用法练习题30题(带答案)1. If I ____ a bird, I would fly to every corner of the world.A. amB. wasC. wereD. be答案：C。
解析：这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子。
在虚拟语气中，be动词在条件句中不管主语是什么人称，都要用were。
A选项am是一般现在时的用法，不符合虚拟语气结构；B选项was 虽然是be的过去式，但在虚拟语气中这种用法错误；D选项be形式错误。
2. If Tom ____ more carefully in the exam yesterday, he ____ better results.A. had written; would getB. wrote; would have gotC. had written; would have gotD. writes; will get答案：C。
解析：本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
句子中有明显的yesterday表明是过去的事情。
在这种情况下，条件句要用had + 过去分词，主句要用would + have + 过去分词。
A选项主句结构错误；B选项条件句结构错误；D选项是一般现在时和一般将来时的结构，不符合虚拟语气要求。
3. If it ____ rain tomorrow, we would go camping.A. doesn'tB. didn'tC. won'tD. wouldn't答案：B。
解析：这是一个与将来事实相反的虚拟语气句子。
在这种情况下，条件句可以用should + 动词原形、were to + 动词原形或者一般过去时。
这里用一般过去时表示将来不太可能发生的假设。
A选项是一般现在时的否定形式，不符合；C选项是一般将来时的否定形式，错误；D选项是过去将来时，结构错误。
虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题1虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况, 或一种主观的愿望, 即动词所表示的动作2或状态并非事实, 或不可能实现。
3一．一般情况下, 英语虚拟语气的形式有下列3种：45二.、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法61.虚拟语气的倒装: 将if去掉, 谓语动词提前。
7●如:8I..wer.you..woul.giv.u.drinking.=Wer..you..woul.giv.u.drinking.9●I..ha.arrive.earlier..woul.hav.see.David..Ha..arrive.earlier..woul.hav.se10e.David.112. 有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致, 如：12If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.13（if从句是对过去的虚拟, 主句是对现在的虚拟。
）14If I were you, I would have gone home.15（if从句是对现在的虚拟, 主句是对过去的虚拟。
）1617注意: 在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
18He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.19上述动词的名词形式出现时, that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
20He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.21注意：22* insist有两个意思, 当表示“坚持让某人做某事”（含命令口吻）时, 23that从句用虚拟, 如: He insists that we (should) go home now.24当表示“坚持某种说法”时, that从句用陈述语气。
25He insists that he is right.2627It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s o rders.28It is right that you should have done your homework.29注意: wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于: hope表示一般可以实现的30希望, 宾语从句用陈述语气。
虚拟语气简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。
即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。
①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。
If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。
（完整版）虚拟语⽓的⽤法及经典练习题（附答案）虚拟语⽓概念虚拟语⽓⽤来表⽰说话⼈的主观愿望或假想，⽽不表⽰客观存在的事实，所说的是⼀个条件，不⼀定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语⽓通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表⽰。
英语中的语⽓分为陈述语⽓、祈使语⽓、虚拟语⽓三类。
应⽤条件在表⽰虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时⽤虚拟语⽓，表⽰主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也⽤虚拟语⽓。
即当⼀个⼈说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于⾃⼰的主观想法，⽽不是根据客观实际，就⽤虚拟语⽓。
在⾮真实条件状语从句中的⽤法真实条件状语从句与⾮真实条件状语从句条件句可分为两类，⼀类为真实条件句，⼀类为⾮真实条件句。
⾮真实条件句表⽰的是假设或实际可能性不⼤的情况，故采⽤虚拟语⽓。
例： If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴⼠。
( 真实) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实）If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（⾮真实，虚拟语⽓）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空⽓，⼈就会死亡。
（⾮真实，虚拟语⽓）⽤法及动词形式例句：1、表⽰与现在事实相反的情况：例： 1. If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有⽔和空⽓，地球上就不会有⽣物。
虚拟语气的用法及练习（附答案）虚拟语气练习题一1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meetD. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. SpokeC. will speakD. to speak5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.A. wasB. WereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not_____.A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Let’s say you could go t here again, how _____ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.A. knewB. KnowsC. has knownD. had known10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he_____ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.A. had beenB. WereC. wasD. would be14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind15.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.A. shouldB. WouldC. doD. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggestedthat he _____ there.A. not wentB. won’t goC. not goD. not to go18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decidedD. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.A. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to bedD. went to bed21.—Why didn’t you buy a new car?—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. had had22.If she could sew, _____.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat23._____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d on ly let us know earlier,_____ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met them26.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall payB. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. HadC. haveD. will have29.It is strange that he _____ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _____A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.A. knowB. KnowsC. knownD. knew32.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. OwnedC. hadD. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. CameC. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will takeB. TookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.A. didn’t leaveB. ha dn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.A. hadB. didn’t haveC. had hadD. have37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you woul d have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d go40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____ an hour before the discussion begins.A. goB. shall goC. will goD. would虚拟语气练习题二1. If I ____ where he lived，I ____ a note to him.A. knew，wouldB. had known，would have sentC. know，would sendD. knew，would have sent2. If they ____ earlier than expected，they ____ here now.A. had started，would beB. started，might beC. had started，would have beenD. will start，might have been3. I didn't know his telephone number. ____ it，I ____ then.A. Had I known，would ring him upB. Should I know，would have rung him upC. If I knew；would ring him upD. Had I known；would have rung him up4. Mary is ill today. If she _____，she ____ absent from school.A. were not ill，wouldn't beB. had been ill，wouldn't have beenC. had been ill，should have beenD. hadn't been ill，could be5. Were I to do it，I ________ it some other way.A. will doB. would doC. would have doneD. were to do6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible，but I was so busy then.A. could tell，if it had beenB. must have told，were itC. should have told，had it beenD. should have told，should it be7. Without your help，we________ so much.A. won't achieveB. didn't achieveC. don't achieveD. wouldn't have achieved8. You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice，you ________ such a mistake.A. Had you taken，wouldn't have madeB. If you had taken，would makeC. Were you lo take，shouldn't have madeD. Have you taken，won't have made9. We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.A. didB. could have doneC. have doneD. should do10. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.A. wentB. would goC. had goneD. were going11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.A. couldB. shouldC. wouldD. were able to12. My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.A. couldB. mustC. shouldD. might13. He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he's refused to go there.A. is givenB. must giveC. should giveD. be given14. Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ________ Mr. Li to the party？A. will inviteB. have invitedC. is invitedD. invite15. I insisted that he ________ at once.A. be goneB. goC. would goD. might go16. Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.A. hadn't stolenB. shouldn't stealC. doesn't stealD. steal17. It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.A. had madeB. would makeC. makesD. make18. He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. won't know19. Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.A. may hearB. will hearC. hearD. have heard20. They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.A. caughtB. will catchC. might catchD. shall catch21. I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.A. areB. shall beC. wereD. should be22. That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.A. could buyB. should buyC. should have boughtD. bought23. It is high time we ________ home.A. will goB. would goC. have goneD. went24. I'd rather that you ________ home.A. wentB. have goneC. will goD. had gone25. If only I _________ to the lecture！A. listenB. will listenC. am listeningD. had listened26. —— If he_____，he ______ that food.---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned，would not takeB. had been warned，would not have takenC. would be warned，had not takenD. would have been warned，had not taken27. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she _________，she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come28. Without electricity，human life ________ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be29. He ________ you more help，even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give30. If city noises _______ from increasing，people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A. are not kept，will have toB. are not kept，have toC. do not keep，will have toD. do not keep，have to31. Mike's father，as well as his mother，insisted that he ________ home.A. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay32. Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.A. had doneB. have doneC. didD. so33. Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.A. has she knownB. had she knownC. if she knowD. if she has known34. If you had enough money，what ________？A. will you buyB. would you buyC. would you have boughtD. will you have bought35. If you ________ that film late last night，you wouldn't be so sleepy.A. didn't seeB. haven't seenC. wouldn't have seenD. hadn't seen36. Our monitor requested that ________.A. all the class studied more carefully the problemB. the problem was more carefully studiedC. with great care the problem could be studiedD. all the class study the problem more carefully37. —— Would you have called her up had it been possible？Yes, but I ________ busy doing my homework.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be38. His tired face suggested that he ________ really tired after the long walk.A. had beenB. wasC. beD. should be39. It is important that we ________.A. shall close the window before we leaveB. will close the window before we leaveC. must close the window before we leaveD. close the window before we leave40. I didn't know his telephone number，otherwise I ______ him.A. had telephonedB. would telephoneC. would have telephonedD. telephone1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD11—15 CDCAA16—20 ACAAD 21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD31—35 DDCCB 36—40 DCACD 解析：1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
2024年高三英语虚拟语气特殊用法练习题30题1.If I were a bird, I ____ fly freely in the sky.A.canB.couldC.wouldD.should答案：C。
本题考查对现在情况的虚拟语气。
if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词形式为：从句用过去式（be 动词用were），主句用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。
选项A 是一般现在时的情态动词，不符合虚拟语气的用法；选项B could 表示能力，不如would 语气合适；选项D should 表示应该，不符合本题语境。
2.If he ____ more time, he would do better in the exam.A.haveB.hadC.hasD.having答案：B。
对现在情况虚拟，从句用过去式，have 的过去式是had。
选项 A 是原形，不符合虚拟语气用法；选项C 是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，也不对；选项D having 不能单独做谓语。
3.If she ____ taller, she could be a model.A.beB.wereC.isD.was答案：B。
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，be 动词用were。
选项A be 动词原形，不能单独在此处使用；选项C、D 分别是一般现在时的is 和was，不符合虚拟语气要求。
4.If I ____ a millionaire, I would help the poor.A.amB.wereC.beD.was答案：B。
对现在情况虚拟，be 动词用were。
选项A am 是一般现在时，错误；选项C be 动词原形不能直接用；选项D was 不如were 更符合虚拟语气的要求。
5.If they ____ harder, they would get better grades.A.studyB.studiedC.will studyD.studies答案：B。
中考英语虚拟语气顶级综合用法练习题20题含答案解析1.If I were you, I ______ study harder.A.willB.wouldC.canD.could答案解析：B。
本句是对现在情况的虚拟，if 引导的条件句中用一般过去时（be 动词用were），主句用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
A 选项will 用于一般将来时，不符合虚拟语气的用法；C 选项can 表示能力，在此处不符合虚拟语气的要求；D 选项could 虽然也可以用于虚拟语气，但在这个语境中，would 更符合习惯表达。
2.If he ______ more time, he would read more books.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.having答案解析：B。
对现在情况的虚拟，if 条件句中用一般过去时，had 是have 的过去式。
A 选项has 是一般现在时第三人称单数形式；C 选项have 用于一般现在时；D 选项having 不能单独作谓语。
3.If I ______ a bird, I could fly everywhere.A.amB.wasC.wereD.be答案解析：C。
对现在情况的虚拟，be 动词在虚拟语气中，不管主语是单数还是复数，一律用were。
A 选项am 是一般现在时；B 选项was 虽然也是过去式，但在虚拟语气中，be 动词只能用were；D 选项be 不能单独作谓语。
4.If she ______ rich, she would travel around the world.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be答案解析：C。
对现在情况的虚拟，be 动词用were。
A 选项is 是一般现在时；B 选项was 在虚拟语气中一般不用来表示对现在情况的虚拟；D 选项be 不能单独作谓语。
5.If we ______ enough money, we could buy a new house.A.haveB.hadC.hasD.having答案解析：B。
虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。
英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种:一、与现在事实相反If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.二.与将来事实相反If you should lose, what would you doIf I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.、与过去事实相反If I ' d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me, …)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...)(=If there were no water, (…f)you hadn ' t helped me, …)3.有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had followed the doctor ' s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home.五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest, advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smok ing.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
He made a request that they (should ) stop smok ing.如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He in sists that he is right.2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下:动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+ 动词过去完成式一与过去事实相反助动词过去试+动词原形一与将来事实相反I wish I were a pop sin ger. (=1 am sorry I am not a pop sin ger..)I wish I had n ever stopped teachi ng. (=I am sorry I stopped teach in g.)I wish they ' d let us get some sleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。
wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望，宾语从句用虚拟语气。
试比较：(1)We hope they will come,(We don ' t know if they can come.)(2)We wish they could come,(We know they are not comin g.)4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：He acts as if nothing had happe ned. I would rather you did n ll himt. te5、It ' s (high) time that动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：It ' s time (that) you had a hair cut. It ' s high time (that) we took some action.虚拟语气专项练习一( )1. If I _ you, I would go by pla ne. Flyi ng is much faster.A. beB. wasC. wereD. am( )2. I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they_speak wish French accents.A. don'tB. will notC. must n'tD. would n't( )3. ____ today, would we be able to get there by TuesdayA. Were we leav ingB. If we leaveC. Would we leaveD. Were we to leave( )4. If Jon ___ t omorrow, what would you doA. were not to comeB. will not comeC. would not comeD. had not come( )5. “ She did n't ask me, so I did n't help her “ You n”an toay , you would've helped herA. if she asked youB. if she were to ask youshe asked you C. were she to ask you( )6. They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them .A. might have diedB. might dieC. would dieD. could die( )7. If they had known him, ___ to himA. would they have talkedB. would they talk they talked D. they would talk( )8. If I lived in the city, I _____________________________ t raveal in croweded buses, but I to see lots of films.A. shall have to/shall be ableB. shall have to/am ableC. would have to/were ableD. would have to/would be able( )9. I would have gone to the con cert, if I time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had( )10. __ I know it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Havi ng( )11. _____ your help, I would not have succeeded.A. BecauseB. Because ofC. ButD. But for( )12. “ What did Mr Smith say about his career ”“ Only that if he a millio naire, hewould have fewer worries. ”A. did not becomeB. had not becomeC. does not becomeD. has not become( )13. “ Why did n't you help him ”would ha ___ I did n't have the mon ey. ”A. stillB. butC. otherwiseD. or( )14. “Who should go to see Li Ying He is ill today. “ I suggest Wang Hong . ”A. goesB. would goC. goD. went( )15. The housemaster was strict. He requested that w ___ televisi on on week ni ghts.A. not watchB. must not to watchC. not be watchi ngD. have n ot watch ( )16. I can't speak Japa nese, but I do wishj .A. canB. couldC. hadD. speak( )17. “Are you enjoying your stay here “Yes,very miln. I wish I have to leave so soon. ”A. won'tB. don'tC. must n'tD. did n't( )18. “ What will you do duri ng the summer holidays ”“I don't know, but it's about time on someth ing. ”A. I'm decidi ngB. I'll decideC. I decidedD. I'd decided( )19. I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.A. sayB. did n't sayC. don't sayD. not say( )20. “ Why do you have to be there at six“The teacher dema nds that everyo ne in his seat at ・»six.A. would beB. can beC. beD. will be( )21. He makes a note of the assig nment lest he _ i t.A. forgetsB. forgetC. will forgetD. will not forget( )22. “ how does the libraria n act “ lHeacts as ifhe_a walk ing dicti on ary. ”A. wereB. beC. isD. has bee n( )23. There is a law that drunken drivers __ severely puni shed.A. wereB. areC. beD. will be( )24. I wish you ____ in terrupt whe n rm talk ing on the phone.A. will notB. would notC. do notD. did not( )25. Henry talks to his dog as if it him.A. un dersta ndsB. un derstoodC. un dersta ndD. would un dersta nd( )26. Jeff looked as if he __ a ghost.A. sawB. has see nC. had see nD. would see( )27. Give her my best regards, ______ . A. should you see her today B. if you saw her todayC. if you would see her todayD. should you have see n her today( )28. There was a suggesti on by the teachers that the meetin _ postp oned for a week.A. had bee nB. would beC. wasD. should be( )29. It is highly desirable that every effort to reduce pollution in Bei jing.A. was madeB. be madeC. will be madeD. would be made( )30. The manager would rather that his wife ____ work in the same office as he dose.A. does notB. did notC. would notD. will not( )31. The teacher insisted that we all____ back by two o'clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be( )32. I did n't go to the football match, but I do wish I there.A. wentB. wasC. were bee n( )33. It is high time we __ drug trafficking.(贩毒)A. did away withB. do away withC. did awayD. should do away with 虚拟语气专项练习题参考答案(1) C ⑵D ⑶D ⑷ A (5) C (6) A (7) A (8) D (9) A (10)C(11) D (12) B (13) B (14) C (15) A (16) B (17) D (18) C (19) B(20) C (21) B (22) A (23) C (24) B (25) B (26) C (27) A (28) D(29) B (30) B (31)A (32) D (33) A关于假使条件虚拟语气需注意的几点1.如果从句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间不一致，这种假设条件句叫错综时间条件虚拟语气.其主句和从句谓语动词的构成要根据所假设的时间而定.1)If I had taken the medicine, I would be better now.如果我服用了那种药的话，现在就会好些了.2)If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.如果(前些日子)天气更好些，庄稼一定会长得更好.2.If it were not for / had not bee n for …也是一种条件虚拟语气从句，译为要不是因为……”.1)If it hadn ' t been for the doctor, he wouldn ' t have recovered so soon.2)If it were not for the lack of space, we would hold the sports meet today.3.有些条件是由一些短语引出的(but for, with, without; otherwise, or, but, etc,)1)We couldn ' t have achieved so much without your help (= If we had not had your help).2)Without solar radiati on, ani mals and pla nts would die.3)With better equipment, we could have done it better.4)But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.5)I should have retur ned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so.6)He was hav ing a meeti ng; otherwise he would have come over to help us.7)He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party.4.在某些隐含的虚拟条件简单句中，虚拟语气可通过上下文表现出来.谓语动词用虚拟形式.1)A ny men in his positi on would have done like that.2)You should (ought to) have come earlier.虚拟语气祈使语气的混合使用在有些情况下,条件从句中的谓语由” should+原形动词”构成，这时主句的谓语动词既可以是虚拟语气或陈述语气，也可以是祈使语气.1.If it should rain, the plan will / would be called off.2.Should anyone phone, please tell them I ' m busy.3.Eve n if (If) it should get stormy, I will go.表示要求，建议，命令的虚拟语气表示要求,建议,命令的从句中，谓语动词要用should +原形动词，其中可以should省略.下列例句可以表示这种虚拟语气.a.主宾语从句表示法：suggest, order, request, advise, require, in sist, ask, dema nd, comma nd,propose 等动词后面的宾语从句要用原形动词should +原形动词,可以省略.1.The doctor advised that I (should) take a rest.2.TheLondondockers demanded that their wages (should) be raised.3.He insisted that the meeting (should) not be put off.当suggest, insist 等动词表示”暗示,坚持说”时,其宾语从句中的谓语动词不需要用虚拟语气,要用陈述语气.1.Are you suggesting that I am not suited for the job2.He insisted that he was innocent.b.主语从句表示法：当以上动词用在下列句型中时，主语从句也应该用should +原形动词1.It is suggested that the building (should) be pulled down.2.It is ordered that the work (should) be started at once.在It is (was) strange (necessary, wonderful, important, etc.) that 句型中,strange； necessary等后面的主语从句中用should + 原形动词，should可以省略.3.It is strange that he (should) refuse to come to the party.4.It is necessary that a doctor (should) be sent for at once.5.It is important that we should learn from toehrs.e.表语从句表示法.suggestion, proposal, order, advice, demand 等名词作主语时,其后面的表语从句中也用虚拟语气,即should +原形动词, should 也可以省略.1)My advice is that you (should) give up smoking.c.wish后面所跟宾语从句要求谓语动词用虚拟语气.with me and that weweren's t ick. IwishIhad sentthe old man to hospital in time.d.在as if引起的从句中，动词一般用虚拟语气，通常用were. People treat meas ifIwerea dangerous person.I remember the whole thingas ifithappenedyesterday.f.同位语从句表示法.That evening came the order that we (should) cross the river at once.虚拟语气中常见的句型有1.It is (high / about) time that 这一从句的谓语动词用过去式或should +原形动词，其中should不可以省略.此句型译为”该是••…时候了”.2.would rather sb. did sth. / had done sth.此句型表示”宁愿让某人……'如,果是没有发生的动作，从句用过去时；如果是已经发生的事，从句用过去完成时. 1) I 'd rather you left tomorrow. 2) I 'd rather they hadn 't gone to school yesterday.3.if only此旬型表示”要是•…就好了”其后面句子的时态与wish引导的宾语从句相同，既:如果虚拟现在,要用一般过去时；如果是虚拟过去,要用过去完成时；如果是虚拟将来,则应该用would 或could 加原形动词.1) If only I were a bird! 2)If only I had worked hard as a student! 3) If only I could land on the moon!4连接词in case可用来引起的虚拟语气.形式通常为：in case +主语+ should +动词原形.in case句中should 的可以省去，也可以不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气.1)He took his rain coat with him in case it should rain.2)He doesn 't dare to leave the house in case he is (should be) recognized. 虚拟语气专项练习二20.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _ round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circling D . be circling21.I wish that I _ with you last night. A. went B. have gone C. could go D. could have gone22.I wish I _________ with her. A. would be B. am C. was D. were23.I wish that I ___________ the concert last night.A. couldB. have attendedC. could have attendedD. attended24.The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ____________ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. can not have gone25."I wish you __________ me to put these things away," he said.A. will helpB. helpC. are helpingD. would help26.If the Watergate Incident ___________ Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.A. did not occurB. had not occurredC. was not occurringD. be circling27.I hadn't expected _____ James to apologize but I had hoped .A. him calling meB. that he would call meC. him to call meD. that he call me28.George would certainly have attended the meeting, ____________________ .A. if he didn't get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn't happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself29.The teacher suggested that her students ____________ experiences with E.SPA. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or herD. had written any compositions for his30.He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ___________ a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been31.As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success.A. had beenB. has beenC. wereD. was32.Looking round the town, he felt as though he ____________ away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been33.John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant.A. liftsB. is liftingC. LiftedD. could lift34.He described the town as if he ____________ it himself. A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees35.At that thought he shook himself, as though he __________ from an evil dream.A. wokeB. wakesC. would wakeD. had woke36.Most insurance agents would rather you _____________ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A. do B. don't C. didn't D. didn't do37.Although most adopted persons want the right to know who _____________ their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting.A. hadn'tB. didn't have hadC. hadn't hadD. hadn't have38.It is important that the TOEFL office ____ your registration.A. will confirmB. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm39.without electronic computers, much of today's ________ advanced technology.A. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD. had not been achieved40.He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _________ a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been41.It is time that the government ___________ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking42.Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ___all diplomas from elementary school to university. A. has B. will have C. should have D. must have43.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. CameC. would have comeD. had come44.I must say he reads very well, and I shouldn't be surprised if he _____ acting for a living one day.A. had taken upB. takes upC. have taken upD. would have taken up45.If I had seen the movie, I ___________ you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told46.I hadn't expected ___ Henry to apologize but I had hoped .A. him to call me upB. him calling me upC. that he would call me upD. that he will call me47.I had hoped that John ____________ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spendD. will spend48.I had hoped that Jennifer __________ a doctor, but she wasn't good enough at science.A. will becomeB. becameC. would becomeD. becomes49.I'd rather you _________ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. didn't doC. don'tD. didn't50.I'd just as soon _____ rudely to her.A. that you won't speakB. you not speakingC. you not speakD. you didn't speak51.It's high time they __________ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. willmend52.It's about time people ___ notice of what women did during the war.A. takeB. tookC. have takenD. will take53.Everybody has arrived. It's time we _________ the class.A. shall startB. would startC. had startedD. start54. __________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for55.Mary ___my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn't have receivedD. shouldn't have received56.John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he ___ t o see his classmates off.A. cameB. would comeC. would have comeD. should be coming57.He's working hard for fear that he __________ .A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind58.Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might _________ for a century.A. have been postponedB. has been postponedC. postponeD. be postponed59.In the past men generally preferred that their wives ____________ in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working60.For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the childpsychologically ready for the new idea. A. is B. were C. be D. would be61.Tom's father, as well as his mother, ______________ in New York for a few days more.A. ask him to stayB. ask he to stayC. asks he staysD. asks he stay62.Your advice that _____________ till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait sheD. she waited64.It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.A. singB. singedC. had signedD. were signing65.It is appropriate that some time __ thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.A. devotes toB. devoted toC. is devoted toD. be devoted to参考答案20.(A) as if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式(be动词用were) 或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故( A)是正确答案。
