重点：
1.祈使句的肯定式和否定式
2.祈使句Do 型，Be 型和let 型的用法。
难点：
祈使句肯定式到否定式的变换。
考点：
掌握Do 型，Be 型和let 型引导的祈使句。
祈使句定义
1. 定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。
2. 祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词
都为动词原形，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your hands.
（去洗你的手。——命令）
Be quiet, please. （Please be quiet. ）
（请安静。——请求）
Be kind to our sisters.
（对姊妹要和善。——劝告）
Watch your steps.
（走路小心。——警告）
Look out ！Danger ！
（小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句） Keep off the grass.
考点知识点拨
Ⅰ 祈使句
（勿踏草坪。——禁止）
No parking.
（禁止停车。——禁止）
3. 祈使句也常把主语“You ”表达出来, 使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：
You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯去告诉他。）
祈使句相关口令
祈使句无主语，主语you 常省去；
动词原形谓语当，句首加don't 否定变；
朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。
祈使句表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do 型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如：Please have a seat here.
请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：This way, please. = Go
this way, please. 请这边走。
2. Be 型(即：Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如：Be a good boy!
要做一个好孩子!
3. Let 型(即：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如：Let me help you.
让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do 型和Be 型的否定式都是在句首加don't 构成。如：Don't forget me!
不要忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2. Let 型的否定式有两种：“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”
和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如：Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no 开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：No smoking! 禁止吸
烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
“let”引导的祈使句
由“let”带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种:
1. 表示“建议”。
这个句型里的“let”后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语, 如：
Let me try.
Let's do it.
Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉，比直接的祈使句客气。试比较下列两个句子。
A. Don't disturb him.
B. Let's not disturb him.
(A)是直接命令, 语气强烈, 不如(B)温柔悦耳。
2. 表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词，如：
Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
Let her join our choir.
3. 表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺。如：
Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
4. 用“let”的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
1）“let”的否定句有两种。如果宾语是第三人称用“Don't let. . . ”（见例A）；如果宾语是第一人称，则用“Let. . . not”（见例B）：
A. Don't let this type of things happen again.
B. It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
2)“Let”只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如：
Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
3)“Let”后头除了是不带“to”的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等: Let the puppy out.
Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
Let me alone, please.
4) 用“Let's”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用“Let us”时，并不包括对方，如：
A. Let's try it, shall we?
B. Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
从A里的“shall we”和B里的“will you”，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或者句号，用降调。
含有第二人称主语的祈使句
Ⅴ
Be careful！小心！
Don't make such a noise. 不要这么吵。
1. 肯定的祈使句
A. 句型：动词原形～. （省略主语）
Stand up. 起立。
Be quiet, please. 请安静。
B. 有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do
Do sit down. 务必请坐。
Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。
C. 比较祈使句和陈述句：
You eat an apples every day.你每天吃一个苹果。（陈述句）
Eat apples. （你）吃苹果（祈使句）
（省略主语you）
D. 用客气的语气表示祈使句时, 可在句首或句尾加上please, 但如果在
句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。
Go this way, please.
请这边走。
e. 祈使句中如果有“呼”语，一定要用逗号“,”隔开，放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming, come here.
李明，过来。
Come here, Li Ming.
过来，李明。
2. 否定的祈使句
句型：Don't +动词原形～
Don't swim in the river.
别在河里游泳。
Don't be late. 别迟到。
Please don't be noisy.
请不要大声喧哗。
注意：表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词／动名词”来表示。
No smoking!
禁止吸烟！
No parking!
禁止停车！
No entry!
不准入内！
No litter!
不准乱扔杂物！
真题在线
I) 填空。
1. Please wait for me. ___________walk so fast.
2. _________quiet, please.
3. _________ sit straight.
4. _________ go shopping now.
5. __________spitting.
6. __________ talking; class begins.
7. __________ a good time!
8. __________ talk to your mum like that!
II) 写出下列祈使句的反义疑问句。
1. Let's go, ____________?
2. Don't make such noise, _____________?
3. Teacher, let us go out to play, _____________?
4. Let's go together, ____________?
5. Let each man decide for himself, _____________?
6. Let us go together, _____________?
7. Come and join us, ____________?
8. Don't fight with others, ___________?
III) 将下列句子变成祈使句。
1. Would you like to wait a moment?→_______ _______ a moment.
2. Can I use your bike?→Please _______ _______ your bike.
3. You'd better not smoke here. →_______ _______ here.
4. You must be careful with your handwriting.
→_____ _____ with your handwriting.
5.Will you please not play with my pencil?
→______ ______ with my pencil, ________.
IV）选择题。
1. Please ____; they're having a meeting.
A. not be so noisy
B. be quite
C. mustn't talk
D. no speaking
2. ____ to meet me at the station. I'll be waiting there.
A. Not to forget
B. Not forget
C. Forget not
D. Don't
forget
3. It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ____?
A. won't we
B. will you
C. don't we
D. shall we
4. Don't smoke in the meeting-room, ____?
A. do you
B. will you
C. would you
D. could you
5. –Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -I ____.
A. don't
B. won't
C. can't
D. haven't
6. ____ down the radio. The baby's asleep in the next room.
A. Turning
B. To turn
C. Turned
D. Turn
7. Lucy, ____ the door or someone will come in.
A. close
B. closes
C. not close
D. is closing
8. ____ and play football in the street after lunch.
A. Let's not to go
B. Let's not go
C. Let's don't go
D. Not let's go
9. A sign with the words"____" is often found in a bus.
A. Not parking
B. Not smoking
C. No parking
D. No smoking
10. ____ Chinese in you English class.
A. Not speak
B. Don't speak
C. Speak not
D. Don't speaking
V）翻译下列各句。
1. 咱们一起玩吧! ______________________________
2. 请不要迟到!______________________________
3. 回答这个问题!______________________________
4. 别那么写!______________________________
5. 告诉我你的名字! ______________________________
6. 一定要勇敢! _______________________________
7. 来加入我们吧!______________________________
8. 别浪费时间!______________________________
9. 我们周日去游泳吧!______________________________
10. 禁止吸烟!______________________________
考点知识点拨感叹句
重点：
1. how引导的感叹句的基本结构
2. what引导的感叹句的基本结构
难点：
能够区分由how引导的感叹句和what引导的感叹句。
考点：
掌握以what和how引导的感叹句的变换形式。
感叹句定义 感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用“what ”
和“how ”引导，“what"和“how ”与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。
由“What ”引导的感叹句
由“what ”引导的感叹句：“what ”意为“多么”用作定语，修饰名词（被
强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an ，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：
what+(a/an)+adj. + n. +主语+谓语，如：
What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！
What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！
What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！
What delicious food it is! 多么美味的食物呀！
What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！
由“how ”引导的感叹句
“how ”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果
修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how 修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是:
How+ adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如：
How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！
How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！
How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！
How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！
How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！
在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用“what ”引导，也可用
“how ”引导。如：
What a hot day it is!
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
How hot the day is!/How hot a day it is!
多么热的天气呀！
What tall buildings they are!
How tall the buildings are!
多么高的楼房呀！
What bad weather it is!
How bad the weather is!
多么糟糕的天气呀！
What bright sunshine it is!
How bright the sunshine is!
多么明亮的阳光呀！
感叹句在表示强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其
后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：
What a fine day! 多么晴朗的一天呀！
What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！
What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！
How cool! 好凉快呀！
How wonderful! 精彩极了！
I ）将下列句子变成感叹句。
1. It is quite a nice present.
_____ _____ nice present! 2. We have fine weather today.
_____ _____ weather we have
today!
3. It's sunny today.
_____ _____ sunny day it is today!
4. The children are working hard. _____ _____ the children are working! 真题在线
Ⅴ
5. She played basketball wonderfully. _____ _____ she played basketball!
6. He is good at singing. _____ _____ he sings!
7. He was doing well in dancing. _____ a _____ dancer he was!
8. Tom coughs badly. _____ _____ _____ cough Tom has!
9. The fish is very lovely. _____ _____ the fish is!
10. They live a happy life today. _____ _____ _____ life they live!
11. Wu Peng jumps high! ______ high Wu Peng jumps！
12. It's an interesting film. ______ an interesting film it is！
13. The sun is bright. ______ bright the sun is!
14. The book is very interesting. ______ interesting the book is!
15. He writes English well. ______ well he writes English！
16. It's a tall tree. ______ a tall tree it is!
17. He is a fat man. ______ a fat man he is!
II）选择题。
1. ____ nice watch it is!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. How a
2. ____ bright girls they are!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. how a
3. ____ interesting the film is!
A. What
B. What an
C. How
D. How an
4. ____ sunny day! Let's go out for a walk.
A. How a
B. How
C. What a
D. What
5. ____ hard work it is!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
6. ____ day it is! It's rainy again.
A. How bad
B. What a bad
C. How fine
D. What a fine
7. ____ great day July 1th, 1997 will be!
A. How a
B. What a
C. How
D. What
8. ____ expensive trousers!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. What an
9. ____ girl she is!
A. What bright a
B. How a bright
C. How bright a
D. What bright
10. ____ weather we have today!
A. A fine
B. What a fine
C. How a fine
D. What fine
11. ____ careless he is!
A. What
B. How
C. So much
D. How much
12. ____ from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is
B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it
D. What a long way it is
13. Oh, John, ____ you gave us!
A.how a pleasant surprise
B.how pleasant surprise
C.what a pleasant surprise
D.what pleasant surprise
14. ____ useful work they have done!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. What an
15. ____ nice picture you gave me!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
16. ____beautiful flowers they are！
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
17. ____terrible weather it is！
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
18. ____the moon cakes are！
A. How delicious
B. How a delicious
C. What delicious
D. What a delicious
19. ___thick ice! Would you like to go skating？
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
20. --________beautiful day it is! Let's go and have a picnic in the park.
--Good idea!
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
21. --Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition.
--______pleasant surprise this gave her classmates!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
22. --______ great man Huang Furong is!
--He lost his life while saving the students in the Yushu earthquake.
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
23. _______exciting sport it is to climb the mountains!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
24. ______wide the streets are!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
25. -- __________ beautiful city!
--Yes. Lots of tourists come to visit it every year.
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
26. ____ good job she does! She is really a clever girl.
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
27. --________interesting talk Mr. Black gave us!
--Yes. We all like it very much.
A. How
B. What a
C. What an
D. How an
28. ______meeting it is!
A. What a important
B. What important
C. How an important
D. What an important
29. -- I've just got a postcard from my pen friend.
-- Let me have a look . Wow. _____ nice card!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. Why
30. --_______kind girl Nancy is!
--Yes, she is always ready to help others.
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
31. --Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful?
--Yes. ____________ wonderful film it is!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
32. --____ wonderful dictionary it is! Thank you for buying me such
a useful present.
-- I'm glad you like it.
A. What a
B. What
C. How a
D. How
33. --______ hard work you have done!
--It's very kind of you to say so.
A. What
B. How
C. What a
D. How a
34. _________happily the children are flying kites!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
35. _______a clever boy he is !
A. What
B. How
C. What's
D. How's
考点知识点拨There be句型与have(has)
重点：
1. There be句型的肯定式和否定式。
2. There be句型一般疑问句以及特殊疑问句的构成。
3. There be句型的就近原则。
4. There be句型和have(has)的区别。
难点：
1.There be句型中肯定句变否定句和一般疑问句时some变any的用法。
2. There be句型中的就近原则。
考点：
1.掌握There be句型中肯定句变否定句和一般疑问句时some变any的用法。
2.掌握There be句型中的就近原则。
3.区分There be句型和have(has)的用法。
There be 句型 1. 表示:在某地有某物或某人。
2. 在there be 句型中，主语是单数或不可数名词，be 动词用is ；主语是复数，be 动词用are ；如有几件物品，be 动词根据最接近be 动词的那个名词决定。
There is a book on the desk. There is some water in the glass.
There are three men under the tree . There is a bag, two books and three pens on the desk.
3. there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not ，一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
There is a duck in the river.
否定句：There is not a duck in the river.
一般疑问句：Is there a duck in the river?
4. some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。
5. and 和or 在there be 句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。
6. 针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
7. 针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What's +Who's there+介词短语？
就近原则 当there be 句型的主语是两个或者两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要离它最近的那个名词一致。第一个名词是单数就用there is, 第一个名词是复数就用there are 。
如：There is a teacher and some students in our classroom.
我们教室里有一位老师和一些学生。
Ⅰ II
There are some students and a teacher in our classroom.
我们教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
Ⅲ
There be句型与have, has区别
There be句型表示“某处有某物或某人”
如：There is a bag on the chair.
Have（has)表示“某人或某物拥有什么东西”，强调的是“所属关系”，而且某人某物作句子的主语。
如：I have a daughter. She has a lucky dog.
真题在线
I）用恰当的be动词填空。
1. There ____ a lot of sweets in the box.
2. There _____ some milk in the glass.
3. There _____ some people under the big tree.
4. There _____ a picture and a map on the wall.
5. There _____ a box of rubbers near the books.
6. There _____ lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7. There _____ a plate of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8. There _____ four cups of coffee on the table.
II）用 have或has填空。
1. I ________ a nice picture.
2. He ________ a good friend.
3. They _________ some kites.
4. We ________ some flowers.
5. She __________ a duck.
6. My father __________ a new bike.
7. Her mother _________ a vase.
8. Our teacher _________ an English book.
9. Our teachers _________ a basketball.
10. Their parents __________ some story books.
11. Nancy _______ many skirts.
12. David ________ some jackets.
13. My friends ________ a football.
14. What do you ________ ?
15. What does Mike ________ ?
16. What do your friends _________ ?
17. What does Helen _________ ?
18. His brother _______ a basketball.
19. Her sister _______ a nice doll.
20. Miss Li ________ an English book.
III）用“have, has”、“there is, there are”或者“is there, are there”填空。
1. I ______ a good father and a good mother.
2. ___________ a book on the desk.
3. He ________ a tape-recorder.
4. ____________ a basketball on the playground.
5. She ________ some dresses.
6. They _________ a nice garden.
7. What do you _________?
8. _____________ a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike _________?
10. _____________ any books in the bag?
11. My father _______ a storybook.
12. ______________ a storybook on the table.
13. ______________ any flowers in the garden?
14. How many students ____________ in the classroom?
15. My parents _________ some nice pictures.
16. ____________ some maps on the wall.
17. _____________ a map of the world on the wall.
18. David ________ a car.
19. David's friends ___________ some dogs.
20. _____________ many children on the hill.
IV）把下列句子改为否定句。
1. I have a ping-pong ball.
2. We have a basketball.
3. They have a new TV.
4. They have many flowers.
5. Mr Smith has a telephone.
6. His aunt has a new TV.
7. He has a nice room.
8. There is an apple in the basket.
9. There are some boys in our class.
V) 单项选择。
( ) 1. _____ he have a pencil case?
A. Do
B. Does
C. Is
D. Are
( ) 2. I ___ a football, and Jiamin _____ a basketball.
A. have, have
B. has, has
C. have, has
D. has, have
( ) 3. Does he have a computer? No, he ______.
A. doesn't
B. don't
C. hasn't
D. haven't
( ) 4. Mr White ____ two children.
A. doesn't have
B. have
C. doesn't has
D. don't have
( ) 5. Does Tom _____ any erasers? Yes, he ______ some.
A. have, have
B. has, has
C. have, has
D. has, have
( ) 6. Many people _____ computers now.
A. have
B. has
C. are
D. is
( ) 7. They ____ some oranges.
A. have
B. has
C. are there
D. are
( ) 8. _____ you got a card?
A. Have
B. Has
C. Are there
D. Had
( ) 9. _______ any teachers in the office?
A. Have
B. Has
C. Are there
D. Is there
( ) 10. Is there a goose in the river? _____________.
A. Yes, he is
B. No, there is
C. Yes, there is
D. Yes, it has
祈使句练习题 1.If you are tired, ______ a rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 2. ______ me go. It is very important for me. A. Do let B. let do C. Doing let D. To do let 3. He is not honest. ______ believe him. A. Not B. Don’t C. To not D. Not to 4. If you want to stay, let me know, ______? A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we 5. Never come late again, ______? A. will you B. won’t C. do you D. does he 6. _____ up early tomorrow, or you can’t catch the train. A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got 7. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don’t play D. Don’t to play 8. Please ______ me some money, will you? A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. be lend 9. The film is about to begin. Please ______ seated. A. be B. are C. is D. being 10. Find ways to praise your children often, ______you'll find they will open their hearts to you. A. till B. or C. and D. but 感叹句练习题 1. ____ a nice watch it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 2. ____ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 3. ____ interesting the film is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How a 4. ____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 5. ____ hard work it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 6. ____ day it is! It’s rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine 7. ____ great day July 1,1997 will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 8. ____ expensive trousers! A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 9. ____ girl she is! A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright 10. ____ weather we have today! A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine 11. ____ careless he is! A. What B. How C. So much D. How much 12. ____ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is 13. Oh, John, ____ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise
知识点总结 一、感叹句 感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。 1、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1）What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如：What a fine day it is! 2）What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 2、由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！例如： How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! 注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。How fast the runner runs! 3、what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。（具体见下）如：What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is! what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如：What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语） 二、祈使句 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形，句尾用感叹号或句号。 1、肯定结构: 1）动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 2）Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 2、否定结构: 1）don't+动词原形+其他。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! 2）Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分。如: Let him not go. 别让他走。 3）有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟! 常见考法 对于感叹句和祈使句的考查，常会出现在单选和完成句子中，主要考察两种句子的用法和构成。 典型例题：You should not talk in class.(改写同义句） in class. 解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。从题意“你不应该在课堂上说话”可知，这是建议对方不要做某事的，应该用祈使句。
祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、叮嘱、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾。祈使句可以用语气词“吧”作结尾，也可以不用语气词。祈使句可以表示命令、请求、禁止、劝阻等。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或 者句号，用降调。祈使句中的主语常常被省去。表示命令的祈使句例如: “保持肃静!”、“起立”表示请求的句式表示请求的句式通常是“请……”。例如: “请等我一会。”表示禁止的句式表示禁止的句式有:“不准……”、“不要……”、“别……”等。例如: 此处不准停车! 例如: 此处禁止吸烟! 表示劝阻的句式表示劝阻的句式通常是「请勿……」。例如:请勿在车厢内饮食。 陈述句：就是把问句化成陈述句。 如。他真的是一个好孩子吗？ 转陈述句：他真是一个好孩子。 感叹句：有赞叹类似的语句： 如：他真是一个好孩子啊！ 反问句：如：难道他真是的是一个好孩子吗？（注意:陈述句转反问句中一般在句子前加难道……吗？） 双重否定句：两个否定变肯定 如：我不得不承认那个本是我的 在双重否定句中，有那么几个个可以用： 不得不不能不难道……不……不可能不不会不怎么会……不不是不等 更加详细的话你去BAIDU搜一 感叹句：加上“啊”及“！”，有时应加上“真”、“很”、“多么”、“太”。 陈述句改反问句：加上“怎么”“怎能”“难道”其中一个反问词，有“不”改没“不”，没“不”改有“不”（看情况，不能一个词、比如“不声不响”你把它改了意思就变了，要看情况），加上“吗”、“呢”以及“？”。 陈述句改双重否定句：加上“不得不”、“不会不”、“不能不”、“无（）不”、“没（）不”的其中一个（看情况选）。
Unit 7 Poems Grammar 祈使句和感叹句 学习任务：1.祈使句 2.感叹句 达到目标：理解什么祈使句和什么是感叹句，并能正确使用他们。 过程与方法：导学-自学-讨论 语法之一祈使句 一定义：什么是祈使句？ 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 二：祈使句有没有主语？ 祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称（you），所以通常都没有主语。 三、祈使句的表现形式 祈使句的动词都是动词原形，句末使用逗号或感叹号来表示结束。 例： ①Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令） ②Be quiet,please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。——请求） ③Be kind to your sister.（对姊妹要和善。——劝告） ④Watch your steps.（走路小心。——警告）Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！） ⑤Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止）No parking.（禁止停车。——禁止） No eating or drinking.(禁止吃喝。——禁止) No littering.(禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止) 四、归纳与概括：祈使句口诀 例如：①Open the door ,please. ②Don’t open the door. ③Be quiet, boys and girls! ④Don’t be late again! ⑤Let’s go to play basketball. 语法之二：感叹句 一、定义：有时候我们为了强调或表示强烈的情感而使用的句子，这类句子称之为感叹句。常见的有what 和how引导的句子。 What感叹句 句型1.what +a+形容词+名词+主语+动词！例如：What a good boy he is! 句型2. what +an+形容词+名词+主语+动词！例如：What an interesting book it is! 句型3.what +形容词+复数名词+主语+动词！例如：What good boys they are ! 句型4.what +形容词+不可数名词+主语+动词！例如：What bad weather it is! How 感叹句 How +形容词/副词+主语+动词！ 例如“ ①How beautiful she is ! ②How clever that boy is ! ②How slowly you walk! ④How fast the teacher speaks! 小结：
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题及答案 一、祈使句 祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。【练习导航】Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ _____, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。 ____ ____ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。 _____ _____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。 _____ _____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _____ _____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ _____ _____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )7. _____ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. _____ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Don’t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don’t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I _____. A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ( )10. —Peter, don’t step on the grass. —______. A. It doesn’t matter B. I can’t do it C. Don’t worry D. Sorry, I won’t do it again ( )11. — Remember to ask her to call me b ack. —______. A. Never mind B. That’s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let’s go ou t and enjoy the sunshine. —?______. It’s boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way ( )13. —______ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ______. A. Don’t;won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will ( )14. Boys and girls, ______ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts 【指点迷津】 ◆肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。 ◆否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never或Don’t。◆以let引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况： 1.“Let me+动词原形”，意为“请让我……”。 2.“Let’s +动词原形”，意为“让我们……”，表示建议或请求。 3.“Let+第三人称作宾语+动词原形”，意为“让……”，表示愿望、命令或允许。◆在开头的动词原形前加Do（务必）或Always（永远），表示强调。如： Do write to us often! 务必经常给我们写信。 Key： 一、Ⅰ. 1. This way 2. Let me 3. Let’s have 4. Let her 5. Always remember 6. Do tell Ⅱ. 7-10 CBAD 11-14 DA BC 二、感叹句 感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，通常由how或what来引导。【练习导航】Ⅰ. 按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词。 1. These flowers are very beautiful. (改为感叹句) _______ _______ these flowers are! 2. The little boy is very clever. (改为感叹句) _______ _______ the little boy is! 3. It’s a funny story. (改为感叹
中考英语感叹句与祈使句专讲（知识梳理练习） 中考英语感叹句与祈使句专讲（知识梳理+练习） 感叹句和祈使句都是中考考察的重点，在选择题、句型转换、填空和改错等题型中都会出现。这属于语法的基础部分，也是重点部分。需要完全搞懂，驾轻就熟。 一、感叹句 感叹句的概念： 感叹句表示快乐、惊讶、悲哀、厌恶、恐惧等浓厚和强烈的感情。感叹句一般用降调，句末都用叹号。 感叹句构成； How或what(a、an)+感叹部分+陈述句（主谓） 感叹句一般用感叹词How或What引导。How作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词，What作定语，修饰名词。 (一)由感叹词what引导的感叹句。 注意，What引导的感叹句感叹部分主体是名词。 1、 What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主谓+！ 例句：What a fine day it is! 2、What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主谓+! 例句：What kind women they are! 3、What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓! 例句：What nice music it is!
（二）由How引导的感叹句。 注意，how引导的感叹句，主体部分是形容词、副词或动词。 1、How+形容词（副词）+主谓+！ 例句：How hard the workers are working! 工人工作是多么努力啊！ How clever the girl is! 那女孩是多么聪明啊！ How quickly the boy is writing! 那男孩写得多快啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！ 2、How+主谓+！ 例句：How time flies! 时光飞逝! （三）注意: 1、当how修饰副词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前，保持感叹词+感叹部分+主谓这个结构。 如: How fast the runner runs! 2、what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。这种转换在初中英语句型转换题型中经常出现。 如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is! = How interesting this story is= How interesting that story is What interesting stories they are! = How interesting the stories are! = How interesting these stories are! = How interesting those stories are! What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is! = How beautiful this building is! = How beautiful that building is!
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题 一、祈使句 祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。 【练习导航】 Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ _____, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。____ ____ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。_____ _____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。_____ _____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _____ _____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ _____ _____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )7. _____ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. _____ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Don’t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don’t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I _____. A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ( )10. —Peter, don’t step on the grass.—______. A. It doesn’t matter B. I can’t do it C. Don’t worry D. Sorry, I won’t do it again ( )11. — Remember to ask her to call me back.—______. A. Never mind B. That’s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. —?______. It’s boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way ( )13. —______ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ______. A. Don’t; won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will ( )14. Boys and girls, ______ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts 【指点迷津】 ◆肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。 ◆否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never或Don’t。 ◆以let引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况： 1.“Let me+动词原形”，意为“请让我……”。 2.“Let’s +动词原形”，意为“让我们……”，表示建议或请求。
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题 一、祈使句祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you(听话人) ，通常不说出。【练习导航】 Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ ____ , please! 2. 我来帮你吧。 ___ _ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。 ___ ____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。 ___ ____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 ___ ____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ ___ ____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择( )7. ______ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Don' t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don ' t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I ___ . A. will B. won ' t C. do D. don 't ( )10. —Peter, don ' t step on the grass. A. It doesn 't matter B. I can't do it C. Don ' t worry D. Sorry, I won ( )11. —Remember to ask her to call me back. —_____________ . A. Never mind B. That ' s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let ' s go out and enjoy the sunshine. —_____ . It 's boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way ( )13. —______ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ___ . A. Don ' t; won ' t B. Don ' t be; won C. Don ' t be; don 'Dt. Don ' t; will （）14. Boys and girls, ____ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts 【指点迷津】 ◆肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。 ◆否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never 或Don' t。 ◆以let 引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况： 1. “ Let me+动词原形”，意为“请让我??” 2. “Let's +动词原形”，意为“让我们??” 表示建议或请求。 3. “ Let+第三人称作宾语+动词原形”，意为“让??”，表示愿望、命令或允许。◆在开头的动词原形前加 Do （务必）或Always（永远），表示强调。如： Do write to us often! 务必经常给我们写信。 二、感叹句感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，通常由how 或what 来引导。【练习导航】 Ⅰ . 按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词。 1. These flowers are very beautiful. （改为感叹句）___ ______ these flowers are! 2. The little boy is very clever. （改为感叹句） _____ the little boy is! 3. It ' s a funny story. （改为感叹句） story it is! ______ ______ ______ girl she is! 5. How delicious the food is! ( 改为同义句) ______ food it is! 6. They are running fast. ( 改为感叹句) they are running! Her sister is a very lovely girl. ( 改为感叹句) lovely girl her sister is! her sister is! 7. I have read a very interesting book. ( 改为感 t do it again4. What a good girl she is! ( 改为同义句)
中考英语感叹句与祈使句专题复习及练习题 一、感叹句 感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。 1) What +a/an+形容词+名词+其他成分！ 例：→What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊！ 2) What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ 例： What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！ 3) What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ 例：→What wonderful weather! 天气真好！ 【说明】在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如： What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊！ What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊！ What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！ 1) How +形容词+ a/an +名词+其他成分！（how引导感叹句，名词放在形容词后） How careful a boy he is! 他是多么细心的一个男孩啊！ 对比： What a carful boy he is! 2) How+形容词或副词+其他成分！ 例： How carefully he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊！ 三
祈使句与感叹句 1) Mary, ______ the door! A) minds B)mind C) minding D) to mind 2) Let’s ______ at the entrance. A) meeting B) meet C) met D) to meet 3) ______ great day July1, 1997 was! A) What B) How C) How a D) What a 4) ______ exciting event the 2006 World Cup is! (06) A) What an B) What a C) What D) How 5) “Tom, ______ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy.” Said Mum.(04) A) not be B) not to be C) be not D) don’t be 6) ______ happy life we are living now! A) What B) How C) How a D) What a 7) ______ it is to surf the Internet in our computer lessons! A) What great fun B) How great funny C) What a great fun D) How a fun 9) A: Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist（相扑手） B: Wow, ______! A) How a fat man B) What a fat man C) How fat man D) What fat man 10) ______ they are listening to the teacher! A) How careful B) What careful C) How carefully D)What carefully
(2016·湖北黄石)40．______ to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again. A. Try B. To try C．Trying D．Tried 40. A 解析：考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A。句意：当你处于困境中时，努力对生活微笑，你不久就会再次快乐起来。 (2016?四川攀枝花)24. _________ your umbrella, or you’ll catch a cold on such a rainy day. A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Takes 24. A考查祈使句。句意：带上你的雨伞，否则你在这样的下雨天会被淋感冒的。 本题含有“祈使句+or +陈述句”结构。故选A。 (2016?湖南湘西)30. —_______ run in the hallways, Mike. —Sorry. Ms. Clark. A. Don’t B. Please C. No 30. A 考查祈使句。句意：—不要在走廊里跑，迈克。—对不起，克拉克老师。分析句子结构知，本句为祈使句，祈使句是用动词原形开头的，否定句用don’t…。故选A。(2016·广东)33.Tommy, _____ play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car. A.do B. don’t C. must D. mustn’t 33. B考查祈使句。句意：汤米，下次不要在街上踢足球了。汽车可能会撞着你。在祈使句中，肯定句用动词原形，否定句以don’t开头。 (2016?山东泰安)33. As we all know, life is short but amazing. _____ it! A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed 33. A 考查祈使句的用法。句意：众所周知，生命短暂，但是很令人惊异的。享受它吧！根据 题干知，这里用祈使句，故选A。 （2016?重庆B卷）28. —Jack, don’t always copy what others do. ______ your head, please. —Thanks for telling me. A. Using B. Used C. Uses D. Use 28. D 解析：考查祈使句，祈使句中需要以动词原形开头，本题语境为“请动动脑筋”，故选D。 (2016?四川绵阳) 5. Do you want to be healthy? . Smiling can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. Smiling C. Smiles D. Smiled 5. A 考查祈使句用法。句意：你想要身体健康吗？微笑吧。微笑能帮你保持身体健康。该句中“微笑吧”实际上是一个祈使句，祈使句要用动词原形，故选A。 (2016·湖北黄石)31．Look! The model is walking to us. ______ nice dress! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 31. B 解析：考查感叹句。中心词dress是可数名词，所以选B。句意：看！那个模特正向我们走来。一件多么漂亮的裙子呀！ (2016·四川宜宾)29. ______ fine weather we have today ! A. What a B. How C. What 29.C考查感叹句的用法。句意：今天我们有多么好的天气啊！根据What引导的感叹句结构“What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”和“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”可知，本题用
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题及答案
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题 一、祈使句 祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you （听话人），通常不说出。 【练习导航】 Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ _____, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。____ ____ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。_____ _____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。_____ _____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _____ _____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ _____ _____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )7. _____ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. _____ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now.
A. Not turn on B. Don’t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don’t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I _____. A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ( )10. —Peter, don’t step on the grass.—______. A. It doesn’t matter B. I can’t do it C. Don’t worry D. Sorry, I won’t do it again ( )11. — Remember to ask her to call me back.—______. A. Never mind B. That’s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. —?______. It’s boring to stay at home.
感叹句和祈使句知识点总结 一、感叹句 感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。what修饰名词,how修饰形容词、副词或动词。 1、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1)What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语! 如：What a fine day it is! 2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 如：What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 2、由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! 例如： How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! 注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。How fast the runner runs! 3、what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。(具体见下)如：What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is! what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如：What a nice present!(省略it is) How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语) 二、祈使句 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形，句尾用感叹号或句号。 1、肯定结构: 1)动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 2)Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3)Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 2、否定结构: 1)don't+动词原形+其他。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! 2) Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分。如: Let him not go. 别让他走。 3)有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟! 常见考法 对于感叹句和祈使句的考查，常会出现在单选和完成句子中，主要考察两种句子的用法和构成。 典型例题：You should not talk in class.(改写同义句) in class. 解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。从题意“你不应该在课堂上说话”可知，这是建议对方不要做某事的，应该用祈使句。
高考英语感叹句和祈使句总结 What a diligent boy he is! How diligent a boy he is! What要对名词进行感叹，how对形容词进行感叹。 可简化为： What a diligent boy! How diligent! How diligent a boy! 难点在于判断被感叹的部分是一个成分还是两个成分：A diligent boy是一个成分，diligent a boy是两个成分，这是区别。 ____a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before. A.Which B.What C.How D.Whether The little came riding full speed down the motorway on his bike.____it was! A.What a dangerous scene B.How dangerous scene C.How a dangerous scene D.How dangerous the scene 规律：感叹句去掉what或者how后能够还原成一个完整的简单
冠词的用法诀窍：用“一”能翻译清楚，用a;用“那”能翻译清楚，就用the. ____clean the air today is! A.How B.What C.Where D.If ___different life today is ___ what it was 30 years ago. A.What;from B.What a ;from C. How ; from D. How ;with 祈使句+and(那么）+陈述句 Get up and you won’t be late for school. 祈使句+or/otherwise(否则）+陈述句 Get up or / otherwise you will be late for school. Lose one hour in the morning ____you will be looking for it the rest of the day. A.But B.And