Book4 unit6 教案(第二课时)
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Unit 6 Problems and solutions（The 2nd period ）教学目标：( 1 ) 知识目标：1. 独立主格结构的含义。
2. 学会将独立主格结构和时间、原因、伴随等状语从句的转换。
3．理解独立主格结构的构成，并区别于分词作状语。
( 2 ) 情感目标：1. 培养并发扬乐观向上的精神。
2. 学会解决问题。
( 3 ) 学习策略：小组互助。
根据语言使用环境，得体地使用语言。
( 4 ) 教学重点和难点：1. 独立主格结构的形式。
2. 在具体的语境中得体地使用独立主格结构。
教学过程：I. Warming up1. Have a revision of the important phrases in the 1st period.1）经商2）梦想成真3）特定的4）被用来做5）有可能6）数百万7）应用在8）做虚假承诺9）鼓励某人做10）参加11）提供某物给某人2. Lead in the grammar.Find out the sentences in the passage we learned.1）Its products proven unsafe, a company is likely to be sued for millions of dollars.2）Her company prospering, Anita revolutionized the industry.Study the structure of the sentences.II. Studying the rule1. What is the absolute construction?The absolute construction is a kind of adverbial phrase that modifies the main clause.It begins with either a noun phrase or a pronoun and is usually modified by a participle.A formal style used mostly in written English to make the text more interesting.The absolute construction can express time, condition, reason or attending circumstances.2. 独立主格结构的功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
1) Absolute construction as an adverbial of timeThe rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing.(=After the rubbish is sorted )时间状语: 独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句。
①____, the train started.A. The signal givenB. After the signal was givenC. Given the signalD. all the above②_____, the text became easier for us to learn.A. New words explainedB. When new words were explainedC. When teacher explained new wordsD. all the above2) Absolute construction as an adverbial of conditionIts products proven unsafe, a company is likely to be sued for millions of dollars.(=If its products are proven unsafe, ...)条件状语: 独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。
①________, we'll go to visit the Great Wall.A. Weather permittingB. If weather permitsC. If permittingD.A and B②_____, the patient will recover himself soon.A. If the treatment is in timeB. The treatment in timeC. The treatment being in timeD. A, B and C3) Absolute construction as on adverbial of reasonHer company prospering, she revolutionized the industry.(=Because her company was prospering, ...)该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个as引导的一个原因状语从句。
如：1).________ no bus, we had to walk home.A. There beingB. As there wasC. There wasD.A and B2)._________Sunday, the library doesn't open.A. It beingB. As it isC. BeingD.A and B3)_____, I had to ask for two days’ leav e.A. Mother being illB. Mother illC. As mother was illD. A,B and C4)________, we have to work late into the night.A. The exam nearB. The exam being nearC. As the exam is nearD. A, B and C4) Absolute construction as an adverbial of attending circumstancesLandfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.(=Not including the pollution caused by landfills)独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。
1).We have lessons every day, _____.A. Sunday includedB. Sunday includingC. Sunday is including D .all the above2).Father came home, _____.A. a dog following himB. followed by a dogC. being followed by a dogD. all the above III. Finding the rule1. 独立主格结构的形式独立主格结构可分为两部分，一部分是名词或代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。
1) 名词／代词＋形容词①I heard that she got injured in the accident, _______________．我听说她在这场事故中受了伤，内心充满担忧。
②He stood silent in the moon-light，___________．月光下，门开着，他默默地站立在那。
2）名词／代词＋现在分词①_____________, it gets colder and colder．冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。
②___________________，he went out for a walk．雨停了，他出去散步。
3）名词／代词＋过去分词①____________, we should have done it much better．如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。
②The boy stood there, _______________. 那个男生站在那里，右手高举。
4）名词／代词（主格）＋不定式①Here are the first two volumes，the third one _________________．这是前两卷，第三卷将于下月问世。
②The two boys said good-bye to each other，one to go home，_______________．两个男孩彼此道了别，一个回了家，另一个去了他朋友家。
5）名词／代词十介词短语The huntsman entered the forest,__________．那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。
注意：这里，gun in hand还可以说成with a gun in his hand，但不可以说a gun in hand或gun in his hand。
6）名词／代词十副词①_______, the thief took a lot of things away．由于没有人，小偷拿走了许多东西。
②______, he left the house．But he was thinking．午饭结束，他离开屋。
但他还在考虑。
7）名词／代词＋名词He fought the wolf，________________．他和狼搏斗着，唯一的武器是一根棍棒。
8）with复合结构它的构成是：“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
宾语由代词、名词、名词词组充当，宾补由分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等充当。
①Holms and Watson sat _____________ for half an hour．福尔摩斯和沃森坐着，让灯亮了半个小时。
（介词短语）②He used to sleep ________________．他过去常开着门睡觉。
