外研版高中英语 必修三Module5知识点详解与同步练习(含答案)

高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星*制作整理）Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaⅠ.词语判断(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1.Having the same quantity,measure,or value as another_________2.The search for knowledge,especially the nature and meaning of life_________3.Experts specialized in chemistry_________4.To be able to find or spare enough time or money for sth._________5.Being just and fair_________6.Basic truth,general law of cause and effect_________7.Things that are taught_________8.To set up_________9.The act of giving or supply_________10.Truthfulness;sincerity_________Ⅱ.易混词语(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1.include/contain(1)The Chinese diet _________ a lot of fruits and green vegetables.(2)The band played many songs,_________some of my favourites.(3)We all went to the museum,Lily _________.(4)The basket _________a variety of fruits.(5)The price _________the tax.2.found/set up/build(1)We have_________two large teaching buildings.(2)When was the new city _________?(3)The village has _________ two middle schools.(4)The Chinese people are _________socialism with Chinese characteristics.(5)The People’s Republic of China was _________in 1949.3.no more than/not more than(1)Some kinds of bamboo grow _________higher than your ankles.(2)Tom is__________taller than I,and neither of us won’t be accepted as basketball players.(3)Learning Spanish is _________easier than learning Greek.I might well learn Japanese.(4)Jenny is _________better at maths than I.I got 95 marks and she only 60 in last exam.(5)This book is _________less interesting than that one,so I want to take both of them.Ⅲ.单句改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1.Any one who takes drugs is a danger to the society.2.The teacher explained me the meaning of the word again.3.Don’t frighten me.I won’t believe God.4.We had good time boating in the West Lake last weekend.5.There stands an old lady,her son is said to be a great philosopher.6.Mozi is considered being one of the greatest thinkers in ancient China.7.The two shirts are different from size and colour.8.I’m sorry,but I can’t afford buying such an expensive flat.9.Do you know who created the computer?10.The Chinese is a brave and kind people.Ⅳ.词汇句型(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)1.All men are created _________and we must enjoy _________right and chances in everything.A.fair;sameB.similarly;fairC.equal;equalD.fairly;equal2.The patient isn’t out of danger.He is _________ than he was yesterday.A.no betterB.worstC.not worseD.not more3.Mr Brown is__________respected by his colleagues.A.veryB.muchC.ratherD.extremely4.The pressure of this gas pipe is greater than__________.A.the gas pipeB.of the gas pipeC.that of the gas pipeD.those of the gas pipe5.She remained at home to look__________the children when her husband went out.A.afterB.forC.onD.at6.—Why are you going to _________ from that company.Don’t forget it’s a high-paid job?—Because I don’t like the way they _________me.A.leave;thinkB.retire;regardC.resign;treatD.design;behave7.Linda’s parents died when she was a baby and was _________by her aunt.A.brought outB.raised upC.grown upD.brought up8.The plan was that the two parties should first reach an agreement on the basic ________,the details to be worked but later.A.standardsB.practiceC.habitsD.principle9.Susan was completely weighed down by the__________of examinations.A.strengthB.powerC.valueD.stress10.—We’ll eat as soon as the meat is done.—It has__________to cook for another five minutes.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.mayⅤ.单句翻译(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)1.中国古代大部分伟大的思想家信奉仁慈的重要性。

Ⅰ. 萃1．equal v . 等于 adj . 相等的， 同样的→ _______ adv . 同 地， 相等地→ ________n ．同样， 同样2. __________．重要， 重要性 → importantadj . 重要的n3．stressn . 力v .重 ，→ ________adj . 的 → ________ .感觉 力adv的4. ________ v . 辞 → resignation n . 辞 ； 辞呈5. ________ adj . 有影响的 → influence n ． &v . 影响6. _______ n ． → honest adj . 的 → ________ adv . 地7. _______. 正 ， 公正→ just adv .正好； 才 adj .正 的n8. ___________ n ． 献， 捐助→ contribute v . 捐 ， 作出 献9．inventvt . 明；虚假， 造→ __________ n . 明→ ________n . 明家10. __________ n . 争 ， → argue v . ；主Ⅱ.短1．相信；相信 10．开初， 一开始2．养育； 提出 believe in 3．采 建bring up follow/take one ’ s advice 4．在一些方面in some ways 5． 任感a sense of responsibilitybe proud of 6． ⋯⋯ 感觉骄傲in conclusion 7． 之for the first time everif so 8．一世第一次 at first9．假如是 的 Ⅲ.佳句再1．But it was also __________ there were many great philosophers. 可是 也是一个有好多 大的哲学家的 代。

U nit 5 Learning from natureSection A Starting out & Understanding ideas重点词汇1.lotus n._______2.termite n._______3.mound n._______4.pine cone n._______5.waterfront n._______6.plumbing n._______7.biomimicry n._______8.dioxide n._______9._______v.模仿10._______adj.极好的,出色的11._______v.使转变;使转换重点短语1.take...for granted_______2.be fed with_______3.convert...into_______4.in harmony with _______5.stick with_______6.reduce to_______7._______习惯8._______从……学到9._______把……当作10._______建立在……基础上11._______与……有联系12._______对……做出反应13._______……的例子Section B Using language重点词汇1._______ n.池塘2._______v.播种3._______n.智慧4._______ v.使用,运用5._______adj.令人惊叹的_______n.印象_______v.印象6._______n.表演_______v.表演_______n.表演者7.avoid v._______8.outstanding adj._______重点短语1.be supposed to do _______2._______帮助某人某事3._______对……有好处4._______从……获取灵感,启发5._______寻找某事的解决办法6._______形成7._______从……中学到8._______作为……而出名Section C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection 重点词汇1.rural adj._______2.cottage n._______3.domestic adj._______4.depart v._______5.botanical adj._______6._______adj.抑郁的7._______n.纯洁,纯净8._______v.安于,顺从于9._______v.冷落,嫌弃10._______n.舒适,悠闲11._______v.得到,获得12._______v.评价,评估重点短语1._______反对2._______关注3._______目的4._______作为回报5._______反应6.in contrast to_______7.resign oneself to _______8.withdraw from_______9.at ease_______答案Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas 重点词汇1.莲花2.白蚁3.土堆4.松果,松球5.滨水地区6.管道系统7.仿生学8.二氧化物9.Mimic10.Superb11.Convert重点短语1.认为……理所当然受够了转换与...和谐与...在一起减少到Be used forLearn fromRegard asBase onAssociate withRespond toAn example ofSection B Using language重点词汇1.Pond2.Sow3.Wisdom4.Employ5.ImpressiveImpression impress6.performance perform performer7.避免8.杰出的重点短语1.应该做,被期望做而没做2.help sb with sth3.be good for4.take/draw inspiration from5.seek solutions to sthe into being7.Learn from8.be known asSection C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection 重点词汇农村的,乡村的乡村小屋驯养的;家养的离开植物学的DepressivePurityResignRejectEaseAttainEvalutate重点短语1.be opposed to2.focus on3.aim to4. in return5.reaction to6.对比7.顺从8.退出9.闲适。

重点单词详析：（1）equal【原句回放】All human beings are equal. 人人平等。

【点拨】equal adj. (the same in size, number, amount, value etc. as sth. else) 相等的；同样的；n. 相等的人或物；vt. 等于；比得上be equal to 和……平等；能胜任A equalB in... A在……方面比得上Bbe without equal/have no equal 无与伦比on equal terms 在对等条件下be of equal size/length/importance 大小/长度相同/同样重要The rent was equal to half his monthly income. 租金相当于他的月收入的一半。

He treated her with the easy familiarity of an equal.他以平等的身分对待她，态度很随和。

The average pay rise equalled 1.41 times inflation.薪水的平均增长幅度是通货膨胀率的1.41倍。

【拓展】equally adv. 同样地；相等地；equality n. 相等；平等；同等Diet and exercise are equally important/of equal importance.饮食和锻炼同样重要。

（2）order【原句回放】He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。

【点拨】order n. 秩序；顺序；订购；订单；(点的)饭菜；命令；vt. 命令；订购；点菜/饮料等in order 有秩序；有条理in order of 以……的顺序out of order 紊乱；出故障in order to do/in order that 以便；为了give/place an order for sth. with sb. 和某人订购某物take one’s order 记下某人的订单keep order 维持秩序order sb. to do 命令/吩咐某人做某事order that… 命令……(从句用should＋动词原形，should可以省略)The phone is out of order.电话坏了。

1. 单词荟萃1 . equal v .等于adj .相等的， 平等的f __________ adv .同样地， 相等地f ___________n .平等，同等2. ________ n .重要，重要性f important adj .重要的3. _____________________________________ stress n .压力v .重读， 强调 f adj .紧张的 f _________________________________ adv .感到压力 的4. ______ v .辞职f resig nation n .辞职； 辞呈5. ______ adj . 有影响的 f influence n ．&v . 影响6. _______ n .诚实f honest adj .诚实的 f _____________ adv .诚实地7. _______ n .正义， 公正f just adv .正好；刚才 adj .正义的 n .贡献， 捐助f con tribute v .捐赠， 作出贡献9 .in ve nt vt .发明；虚构， 编造f __________ n .发明f _________ n .发明家有很多伟大的哲学家的时代。

2．Mencius was a thinker ______ t eachings were very _____________ of Confucius.孟子是一位思想家，他的学说与孔子的相似。

3．For many years he traveled ________________________ the principles of Confucius.很多年他游走于各个国家传授孔子的理念。

4．Mencius believed that _____________ man is different from animals _____ man is good.孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人是善良的。

外研版（2019）必修三 unit 5 using language 学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单词拼写1.Examine your teeth for the signs of _____ (流血). If you notice any, let your dentist know as soon as possible.2.She began cleaning the wound with a piece of ____________ (布) .3.I will protect each person when they receive the _____ (损害) .4.We suggest you _____ (伸展) by touching your toes for at least 30 seconds before you make the attempt.5.We were completely _____ (未意识到的) of the whole affair.6.Rotterdam is a major — _____ (港口城市).7.Maybe you would like a heavy _____ (羊毛) scarf. How about this one?8.Most of the white liquid running out of these trees ends up as _____(橡胶) tyres.9.They are used to move ____ (液体）from one pressure area to another pressure area.10.The government should issue clear _____ (指导原则）on the content of religious education.二、翻译题11.她遇到了一个高大英俊的男人,她不知道他将来会成为她的丈夫。

外研版必修第三册units课文重难点过关I .单词拼写I・ This stream is over 500 meters __________ （宽）at its widest pomt.2・ Mr Boucher said he was ______ （无意识的）of any U ・ S.citizens being injured in the protests. 3・ Life is tough in the city.Iii order to lose their pressures» some people dunk _ （酒）.4・ When he was in that neigliboiirliood, he was getting on well with the _______ （住户）・5・ Tliere is much chance that Bill will recover liis ____________ （伤害）in time for the research.6・ He is so rich that he ne*uer has less than ten ______ （彳卜人）to serve him.7・ Tliis article explores just a few of these possibilities in the following _________ （章节）・8. Tlie electricity industry __________ （消耗）large amounts of fossil fuels.1.bioad2.unaware3. alcohol4.Tesidents5. mjury6. servants7. chapters8. consuniesII•选词填空下而的短文是P56-57的课文改写，请从下表中选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。

（外研社英语高一必修3） Module 5 课时同步训练的正确答案、解答解析、考点详解姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1.【题文】 I 根据课文大意和首字母完成下列短文A philosopher is a great person who is good at studying and using philosophy.In a__________ China, there are many i_________ philosophers. Confucius, w_______ teachings influenced Chinese s________ for more than 2000 years, stressed the i_________ of kindness ,duty and order. Mencius had the same teachings as Confucius.He was once given an important p_________ in the g________ of a state and then became an a________ to another ruler. He held the b______ that people were more important than r__________ and man was b________ good. He spent his last years p_________ a book called “The book of Mencius ”.Mozi is another great p_________ ,of whom the teachings are s________ to those of Confucius in some ways. He was famous for his unusual clothes and b_________ .He believed that all men were e______ and taught people to look after those who were w_________ than ourselves . He hated the i______ of war. These three philosophers made great c________ to ancient China and their teachings have great e______ on Chinese history.【答案】ancient influential whose society importanceposition government adviser belief rulersborn preparing philosopher similar behaviorequal weaker idea contribution effect【解析】略2.【题文】II 根据首字母或汉语意思在空格中填入单词，使其句意完整。

外研版（2019）高中英语必修选择性第三册Unit 5 同步练习题(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThere are various kinds of apartments for university students to choose from.And here are some recommendations.Brandon OaksLocated on the Milledge Road Extension, Brandon Oaks is composed of two­bedroom, two­bath apartments with decks or patios.Each apartment also features an energy-efficient heat pump, air conditioning, an electric range, a full­size refrigerator, a dishwasher, washer and dryer and carpeting throughout.Floors: Varies Elevators: No Capacity: 180Gender: CoedBoggs HallConstructed in 1961, Boggs Hall houses first­year residents only.The rooms in Boggs Hall are traditional doubles, home to two students per room.Each room is equipped with a sink and community bathrooms are located on every floor.Rooms feature 17-position adjustable beds.Floors：3Elevators: No Capacity: 160 Gender: CoedBrown HallBrown Hall features spacious (宽敞的) single and suite-style rooms on the Health Sciences Campus.Students choosing to live in Brown Hall can take advantage of living in Athens' trendy Normaltown neighborhood while still enjoying an on-campus, community lifestyle free from the trouble of monthly bills.Rooms feature 17­position adjustable beds.Brown Hall is open for mid­year breaks, as well as winter break and spring break.Floors：4Elevators: Yes Capacity: 130 Gender: CoedSoule HallSoule Hall is the oldest residence hall at the university and is the only hall reserved for non­freshman women.Soule Hall's residents live in double or single rooms with private or shared bathrooms.Rooms feature 17-position adjustable beds.Floors：3Elevators: No Capacity: 90 Gender: Female1．What's special about Brandon Oaks？.A.It's just for freshmen to live in.B.It owns many adjustable beds.C.It has traditional style rooms.D.It can hold the most students.2．What do Boggs Hall and Soule Hall have in common?A.They are both equipped with sinks.B.They were constructed at the same year.C.They can house both men and women.D.They share the same number of floors.3．Which place is suitable for students to stay during their vacations?A.Brandon Oaks.B．Brown Hall.C.Boggs Hall. D．Soule Hall.BIn the middle of the Arctic Ocean, the German icebreaker Polarstern is frozen into the ice and covered in darkness.Several times a week, a handful of crew members step into a new zone.They're on a particular task to pilot a robotic boat beneath the ice to collect data about the environment scientists have known little about so far.They are planning to collect the data they really want to know.Over the course of a year, the Arctic goes from completely lit in summer to completely dark in winter, which makes the sea ice undergo seasonal changes.The amount of light also shapes the Arctic Ocean ecosystem.Besides, the robotic boat is also collecting data on other ocean conditions, like nutrients and salinity (盐度).Indeed, all of the data will serve as a baseline to help scientists understand how sea ice and the unique habitat it creates are changing as temperatures rise across the Arctic.The campsite consists of a tent set up around the hole and a nearby control room.In October, a storm passed through, breaking up the ice and setting the camp afloat. Then, everything had to be rebuilt.In December, yet another crack (裂缝) appeared in the ice, running right through the camp.Once again, the researchers were forced to take everything apart before their equipment was swallowed by the sea.Fortunately, with winter entering full swing, the camp hasn't had to move since.Meanwhile, some of the Arctic's permanent residents cause other dangers.The seals are known for chewing on wires, and underwater cables are not very resistant to seals' chewing.To prevent this, the robotic boat and its rope are stored in a metal mesh cage when not in use.Despite the many challenges of doing science in the high Arctic, The crew members think they are doing a great job if they can collect a full year's worth of data, which is also their dream and hope.4．Why is a robotic boat being piloted in the Arctic Ocean?A.To examine its basic functions.B.To look for the ocean creatures.C.To explore the deep­sea environment.D.To record the change of the temperature.5．What do the crew members want to know from all of the collected data?A.The effect of temperature on the sea ice and the world beneath the ice.B.The importance of nutrients and salinity of the sea ice.C.The change in ocean temperature during different seasons.D.The number of sea creatures beneath the ice.6．What is the third paragraph mainly about?A.The position of the campsite.B.The difficulty of camping on the ice.C.The necessity of setting up strong camps.D.The importance of protecting the equipment.7．What do the crew members think of the Arctic research?A.It's dangerous but thrilling.B.It's dull but satisfying.C.It's simple but rewarding.D．It's challenging but valuable.CScientists have long been studying human­robot interactions to learn how these machines can influence individuals' behavior, such as changing how well someone completes a task.But new research shows the presence and actions of robots also affect the way humans relate to other humans.In the new study, researchers divided participants to teams of four, each of which consists of three people and one small robot, and had them play a game on tablets with the robot.In some groups, the robots were programmed to be “vulnerable”．These machines performed actions, such as apologizing for making mistakes, admitting to self­doubt, sharing personal stories about their “life”，and talking about how they were “feeling”．In control groups, the human participants teamed up with robots that made only neutral statements or remained entirely silent.The researchers found participants working with robots that showed vulnerability spent more time talking with their fellow humans than those did in the control groups.Participants with vulnerable robots also divided their conversation more equally between each human member of the team.These participants later reported that they regarded their experience as more positive, compared with those in the control groups.Farshid Amirabdollahian, a professor of human­robot interaction, says the research provides more evidence that “social behavior engineering for robots can affect their utility and influences on people.” In other words, by changing the actions of intelligent machines, developers can change the behavior of the people who interact with those machines.But this study's findings alone might prove useful in real-world situations.Humans'interaction with digital discussion partners is prevalent today.The voice services people use on a daily basis are available on tens of millions of devices, such as Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa or Google Home.People are used tousing them and find them very helpful.Malte Jung, an assistant professor in information science at Cornell, says communicative robots could greatly change human behavior for the better.“Our work shows that technology has the potential to support teams by acting on their social dynamics，”he says.Instead of merely reducing the amount of work employees do, these machines could make people complete their work faster and better, influencing social dynamics to “help teams perform at their best”．8．What can we know about the “vulnerable”robots?A.They shared similar experiences with human participants.B.They were programmed to have humans' feelings.C.They were encouraged to talk positively.D.They tended to make many mistakes.9．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Scarce.B．Interesting.mon. D．Inspiring.10．Which of the following shows Malte Jung's opinion on communicative robots?A.They may help enrich people's life.B.They can help improve a team's efficiency.C.They may make many people out of work.D.They can help expand people's social circle.11．What would be the best title for the text?A.Robots Make Humans Quite EmotionalB.Humans Learn to Show Sympathy from Vulnerable RobotsC.Designers Give Robots Vulnerability to Reduce Humans' WorkD.Humans Communicate Better After Working with “Vulnerable”RobotsDWhen I first got involved in digital marketing in the mid­1990s, online shopping via e­commerce was in its infancy (初期).It's hard to believe that many consumers were reluctant to buy online at that time.Nowadays, online shopping, however, has become the most popular way of buying products, especially during the holidays and clearance seasons.More and more people enjoy browsing a world of goods online, choosing the goods they want and having them delivered to their door, sometimes within hours.We are buying more online than ever.Our rapidly growing delivery culture is a challenge, says Tim Anderson, head of transport at the Energy Saving Trust.“It's easy to go online and buy things cheaply.They might have been shipped from foreign countries, manufactured from raw materials and they arrive at our homes at little or no cost.”In an ideal world, online shopping could be a better choice than making individual trips to thestore.“We don't live in an ideal world, however, but one in which profit and consumerism are rampant (猖獗的).We don't behave —and online retailers (零售商) don't encourage us to behave — in a sensible way，”says Julian Allen, researcher at the transport studies department at the University of Westminster.Once, we were prepared to wait, but now we want the same­day delivery.That tends to mean service is being delivered in smaller and smaller quantities.We have vehicles shooting all over the place making single deliveries.We have the concept of “free” delivery, which is a selling point for retailers, but it's not really free in the sense of what it costs the retailers and what it costs in environmental terms.The growth in hot­food delivery services, such as Deliveroo and Uber Eats, has been considerable.“It's totally inefficient to deliver a single meal in a car or motorbike，”says Allen.“Bicycles would help in terms of pollution, but the trend has been to move away from bikes as these firms expand their networks, and it's not work able.” Therefore, shop at the local stores, especially if you can use green transport.12．What can we know from Paragraph 1?A.People's shopping habits have changed a lot.B.Online shopping has improved our life quality.C.Online shopping develops faster than people thought.D.People's ideas of consumption become more reasonable than before.13．Why are Julian Allen's words mentioned in Paragraph 3?A.To show it is important to behave ourselves.B.To explain why people stop shopping at local stores.C.To show people tend to shop unwisely online.D.To explain how online retailers encourage consumption.14．What is implied in Paragraph 4?A.Deliveries of online goods should be improved.B.Deliveries of online goods shouldn't be made free.C.The free delivery doesn't offer a fast and efficient service.D.The same­day delivery is done at the expense of the environment.15．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?A.To advise people to use public transport.B.To encourage people to make green purchase.C.To urge delivery companies to improve their service.D.To ask people to buy environmentally­friendly things.Ⅱ.阅读七选五Bone density (密度) is the measurement of density of minerals, such as calcium, present in aperson's bones.__16__ Bone mineral density is typically measured in units of matter per area of bone.__17__ Those with low bone mineral density tend to have fragile bones, while those with high bone mineral density tend to have strong bones.Much of the formation of bones takes place in one's childhood and teen years, so it is important to take in the right nutrients from a young age.Bone density naturally declines as people age.The production of new bones slows down and can't keep up with the rate at which old bones break down.Bones become thinner as their density decreases.They tend to lack important minerals, such as calcium, which keep them strong.This greatly increases the chance of breakage.__18__Bone density can be measured through a bone mineral density test.__19__ X-rays and ultrasounds are two methods commonly used to measure one's bone mineral density.The process of measuring bone mineral density is known as densitometry (密度测定).A common condition called osteoporosis (骨质疏松症) occurs when one's bone density decreases.The disease is much more common in women than in men, but it can and does appear in men.__20__ The combination of a healthy diet, an active lifestyle, and the addition of vitamins, such as vitamin D and calcium, can greatly reduce the risk of osteoporosis.A.Luckily, it is preventable.B.Bones can become stronger.C.And it can be taken in many different ways.D.Thus the old must be careful to prevent falling.E.It's also known as bone mineral density.F.The tests should be carried out in the following two cases.G.The strength of one's bones is closely related to his bone density.外研版（2019）高中英语必修选择性第三册Unit 5 同步练习题(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThere are various kinds of apartments for university students to choose from.And here are some recommendations.Brandon OaksLocated on the Milledge Road Extension, Brandon Oaks is composed of two­bedroom, two­bath apartments with decks or patios.Each apartment also features an energy-efficient heat pump, air conditioning, an electric range, a full­size refrigerator, a dishwasher, washer and dryer and carpeting throughout.Floors: Varies Elevators: No Capacity: 180Gender: CoedBoggs HallConstructed in 1961, Boggs Hall houses first­year residents only.The rooms in Boggs Hall are traditional doubles, home to two students per room.Each room is equipped with a sink and community bathrooms are located on every floor.Rooms feature 17-position adjustable beds.Floors：3Elevators: No Capacity: 160 Gender: CoedBrown HallBrown Hall features spacious (宽敞的) single and suite-style rooms on the Health Sciences Campus.Students choosing to live in Brown Hall can take advantage of living in Athens' trendy Normaltown neighborhood while still enjoying an on-campus, community lifestyle free from the trouble of monthly bills.Rooms feature 17­position adjustable beds.Brown Hall is open for mid­year breaks, as well as winter break and spring break.Floors：4Elevators: Yes Capacity: 130 Gender: CoedSoule HallSoule Hall is the oldest residence hall at the university and is the only hall reserved for non­freshman women.Soule Hall's residents live in double or single rooms with private or shared bathrooms.Rooms feature 17-position adjustable beds.Floors：3Elevators: No Capacity: 90 Gender: Female语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。