2020版导与练一轮译林英语习题：第一部分 语言知识必修3Unit1 能力提升题组训练(B)含解析

2020届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit1单元综合测试英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AOttawa Museum of NatureThe range of products and services available at the Ottawa Museum of Nature is as broad and interesting as the range of activities.•Birthday Parties: Give your child — aged from 4 to 12 — an unforgettable birthday party at the museum.•Facility Rentals：Planning an event in Ottawa? Let our elegant, historic, castle-like setting and our dedicated staff help you create a magical event to remember! •Travelling Exhibition Rentals ：Looking for new programming for your institution? We have many popular travelling exhibitions —small and large —that tour across Ottawa.•Photo and Film Shoots: Either of our unique buildings would make great backdrops for your project. Whether for a commercial (广告）education, media, or fashion production, we”ve got a location for you.How to Get Here?If you are on Highway 417 (the Queensway) , take the Metcalfe exit, No. 119. You can see the museum from the highway —look for a “castle” on the north side.Walking from the downtown: The museum is only a 20-minute walk from Parliament Hill. Metcalfe Street takes you directly to the main entrance of the museum. Elgin and O’Connor streets take you to the outer edges of the museum grounds. MembershipWe strongly advise you to apply for our membership. A lot of on-site b enefits are waiting for you :•Free admission to the museum for one year;•Free admission to temporary blockbuster exhibitions ( i. e. no special-exhibition surcharge) ;•Discount on museum programs, including adult workshops and special lectures (to a maximum of 20% )；•10 points for use at the Nature Trade;•10% discount at the Nature Cafe.21. What can people do in the museum?A. Hold birthday parties for friends.B. Enjoy a movie from Hollywood.C. Organize a tour across Ottawa.D. Shoot an advertising video.22. What does the museum mainly do?A. Offer visitors various kinds of exhibitions.B. Carry out different social services.C. Provide special occasions and services.D. Help family and friends get together.23. What can you get as a member of the museum?A. Free snacks and coffee for a year.B. On-site discounts and offers.C. At least a 20% discount on museum programs.D. Life-long free admission to the museum.BThis past summer I went on a journey to Canada’s Arctic with Students On Ice. When I left Calgary, I wondered what I would find, what I would learn and who I would meet. On the trip to Ottawa I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and excitement. But when I first met the group of students. Scientists and leaders. I knew that I didn’t have anything to worry about. The group was amazingly receptive and I was soon part of a b ig family setting out on an amazing adventure—an adventure of a lifetime!When we reached the Arctic, I saw a vast land that a ppeared untouched a nd original.I was surprised by its great size and beauty and my senses were repeatedly shocked and amazed. I stood on the Kapitan Khlebnikov and saw twelve polar bears. They walked in search of seal holes and patiently waited for a meal. I learned that polar bears are successful only one out of every twenty hunting attempts.However, I learned that the Arctic and its people are being threatened by pollution and global warming. I learned that p ollutants are carried b y ocean and air and have a bad effect on all Arctic people. I learned that global warming has put polar bears at risk because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to hunt seals on the ice. The trip was a feast (盛宴) for the senses. I have learned more about our environment and particularly how alive and interesting the Arctic is and why it is so important to take care of it. I learned pollution ignorance of individual and global problems need to be solved. The Arctic deserves to be preserved. My trip with Students On Ice has made me more determined to try to ensure that I do not leave harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.24. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. The writer was too excited to bring a blanket.B. The writer was thrilled and full of wonder before the trip.C. The group the writer joined was strict with its members.D. The writer found it hard to fit in with the group.25. Which is true about the polar bears according to the passage?A. It’s not easy for them to catch seals.B. They are at risk because the land is vast and untouched.C. They prefer a little warmer climate.D. They warmly welcomed the writer and her party.26. How did the writer feel about the trip according to the last paragraph?A. Surprising.B. Alarming.C. Appealing.D. Rewarding.27. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Global Warming and Canada’s ArcticB. The Arctic Is under Severe ThreatC. My Trip to the Canadian ArcticD. Polar Bears and MecScientists have found an unexpected use for virtual reality headsets (耳机）.The devices(装置).widely used by computer gamers, show pictures that can be used to test the navigational（导航）skills of people! Who were thought to be at risk of dementia (痴呆).Those who do worse in the tests will be the ones more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease later in life. scientists now believe.The discovery that the loss of navigational skills was associated with Alzheimer’s was made several years ago by Dennis m Chan and his colleagues based at several centers in the UK. These studies used computers to test navigational tasks. But now scientists plan to take their tests to a new level with the use of the virtual reality headsets in which wearers are placed in man-made environments through which they must navigate.Around 300 people aged between 40 and 60. Will be arranged to participate in the study. Some will have a gene that puts them at risk of the condition or will come from a family with a history of Alzheimer’s. Not all will certainly be affected by the disease. However，Chan’s project aims to find out who will. Wearing the headsets. Participants will be asked to navigate their way through a series of different environments and then remember the details.Researchers recently pointed out the significance of a tiny area of the brain known as theentorliinal cortex (an important memory center in the brain). It acts as a center in a widespread brain network that controls navigation. This now appears to be the first part of the brain that seems to be easily harmed by Alzheimer’s. The goal of the work is to help people as they develop the disease. ( So far, drug trials for Alzheimer‘s have been applied when people have already got dementi. by which time considerable damage to the brain has already occurred.)Chan told the Obsenver. “If we can develop drugs and use them earlier，for example. before the disease has spread beyond the entorhinal cortex. then this would have the potential to prevent the dementia.)28. What does the unexpected use of VR headsets mentioned in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Making games more interesting for computer gamers.B. Testing one’s potential to develop dementia.C. Helping people suffering Alzhei mer’s recover.D. Reducing the risk of having dementia.29. What are the participants required t o do in the study?A. Know unfamiliar environments by using tablet computers.B. Identify directions in some man-made environments.C. Play computer games by using navigational skills.D. Create special environments by using navigational skills.30. What’s implied (暗示）about the entorhinal cortex in the brain?A. Its functions have been known for years.B. It can be expanded by using VR headsets.C. It can directly affect one’s navigational skills.D. Its size depends on that of one’s memory center.31. From Chan’s words! we can know&A. he will spread the new drugB. he will try out the drugC. the study helps to prevent dementiaD. the study still needs to be improvedDAfter decades of cat-and-mouse between athletes and the world anti-doping agency(WADA) ! athletes found what t hey must have believed to be t he ultimate (终极的）doping agent: their own blood. To enhance a thletic performance with your own blood!You draw your blood and store it in a freezer. Your body compensates by creating more blood. Then，months later, just before a competition, you can re-inject (注射）the old blood for a boost. As the red-blood-cell count goes up，so does an athlete’s ability to absorb oxygen. The more oxygen you get with each breath , the more energy your body is able to burn and the better you are able to perform.Although the enhancement is small to actual drugs, it can be the difference between a gold medal and a silver medal. Best of all，“extra blood”was never something WADA tested for .But WADA wasn’t going to sit by and be fooled. What it came up with in response might be a solution to stop doping once and for all: an athlete biological passport ( ABP ) .The idea is to record some biological features of an athlete through testing done at regular intervals. The biological passport’s partial implementation (实施）-recording blood and steroid levels—began in January 2014.When all necessary biological features are finally combined，WADA will no longer need to worry about finding new methods to detect a drug. It will only have to detect (检测）resulting changes in the body. In the case of blood doping，if the athlete’s normal red-blood-cell count is，say，47%，but then is found to be 51 % after a competition, cheating may have been involved.WADA is confident that the biological passport could even prevent genetic changes—the ultimate，ever-lasting enhancement—which are surely coming next. If an athlete inserts a performance enhancing gene，it will probably leave detectable changes in the body，t hat would differ from the athlete’s feature in the biological passport.32. What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Treatment.B. Test.C. Promotion.D. Recovery.33. What words can be used to describe the athlete biological passport?A. Complex and expensive.B. Simple and thorough.C. Flexible and popular.D. Controversial and confusing.34. What’s the writer’s attitude towards the solution of anti-doping mentioned in the text?A. Suspicious.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Unconcerned.35. What can we infer about the athlete biological passport?A. It can only be used to test blood doping.B. It has been completely adopted by WADA.C. It is the excellent alternative of many athletes.D. It’s a good choice to ensure fairness in sports.第二节（共5小题;每小题!分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Unit 1 The w orld of our senses一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词——省时高效(二)练中记短语——记牢用活(三)仿写明句式——以用为本二、课堂重点深化1．observe vt .观察；注意到；遵守；庆祝；评论 [自主体验]写出下列句中observe 的含义①Our teacher took us on field trips to observe plants and animals.观察②This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University, and her colleagues. 注意到③Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people.遵守④People of many Western countries observe Christmas. 庆祝单句语法填空/句型转换⑤My uncle acted as an observer (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum. ⑥In hospital she 'll be under observation (observe) all the time. ⑦She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way.→She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way. [系统归纳])……；注意到观察；注意；监视 遵守者，观察者；观察员 易错处处防⑧Tom was observed enter the bank and withdraw some money. enter 前加to 佳句时时写⑨(2016·江苏高考书面表达)如果我们能制定一些让人们遵守的参与规则，情况就会变得更好。

综合测试(必修3)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

(Text 1)M:Hello,①this is Tom speaking.Can I speak to my aunt Mary?W:Oh,sorry.This is a theater.①I am afraid you dialed the wrong number,sir.1.Who dialed the wrong number?( A )A.Tom.B.Mary.C.The woman.(Text 2)W:Jack’s mother told me that Richard was in hospital.M:②Richard’s home now.He left the hospital yesterday and will go to school tomorrow.2.Where is Richard now?( B )A.In the hospital.B.At home.C.At school.(Text 3)M:The work is rather hard,but it’s interesting.W:Mine isn’t hard,but it’s not so interesting.M:What do you do?W:③I work in a publishing house.3.What does the woman do?( A )A.An editor.B.A nurse.C.A housewife.(Text 4)M:How much is the train ticket to New York?W:④$ 60 each.It is half the price for students.M:④May I have two student tickets?4.How much will the man pay?( B )A.30 dollars.B.60 dollars.C.120 dollars.(Text 5)M:Hello,Mary.Would you please let me know your hobbies?W:Oh,nothing special.I read,watch TV and go to the movies.What about you?M:⑤I have just one hobby,taking photos.It’s expensive,but it’s a lot of fun.5.What is the man’s hobby?( C )A.Watching TV.B.Going to the movies.C.Taking pictures.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

Unit 3 Back to the past能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018 Learning English 48期) The Pantheon(万神殿)is one of the greatest achievements of the ancient Romans. The ancient Romans were good architects and they built numerous great buildings,many of which are still in good condition today.The Roman architectural style has been borrowed by many of the western countries.The architecture of the Pantheon is unique.In Latin and Greek,pantheon means “Temple of all the Gods”.It is believed that a Roman general built the original Pantheon in 27 BC.It was built to celebrate the victory of a historic battle.The Pantheon was completely destroyed in a big fire in 80 AD.The Pantheon that we see today was actually reconstructed in 125 AD by a Roman emperor.Many historians think that the Pantheon was a place of worship(敬奉), because it housed all the gods and goddesses of ancient Romans.The Pantheon is a splendid example of ancient Roman architecture.This building has been in use for over 2,000 years.The Pantheon is famous for its design,size and its huge dome.The most amazing feature of this building is its huge dome.The Pantheon dome was thought to be the largest in Italy,and even in the whole world.The doors are made of metal and are over 26 feet high.The doorway of the Pantheon is about 40 feet high and 20 feet wide.The columns,weighing 60 tons each,were made of the stones transported from Egypt.A point worthy of mention is that the Greeks greatly influenced the Roman art and architecture.There is an oculus(圆窗) in the center of the dome known as the “Great Eye”,which opens to the sky.The “Great Eye” is the source of light and also serves as a ventilator (通风口).If snow or rain falls inside the Pantheon through the oculus,there are pipes that help draw off the water.On special occasions,religious celebrations were held here.Under Papal rule,it was used as a burial ground for kings and other famous people,including painters who followed Christianity.There are tombs of Raphael,the painter(died in 1520),King Victor Emmanuel Ⅱ (died in 1878),and many more in the Pantheon.1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.There were numerous architectural styles in Rome.B.The Pantheon is the only well-preserved ancient building in Rome.C.The Pantheon is the oldest as well as the largest building in the world.D.Roman architecture has had a great influence on many western countries.2.The Pantheon was thought highly of especially because of its .A.huge sizeB.heavy doorsC.tall columnsD.big dome3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Building styles in ancient Rome.B.How the Pantheon was built.C.Some facts about the Pantheon.D.Ancient buildings in Rome.语篇解读:本文是说明文,介绍了罗马的万神殿,它是意大利乃至整个欧洲建筑史上的杰作,我们可以通过它来了解古罗马的建筑风格。

Unit 3 The world online能力提升题组训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world.Weboholism,a twentieth century disease,affects people from different ages.They surf the Net,use emails and speak in chat rooms.They spend many hours on the computer,and it becomes a compulsive habit.They cannot stop,and it affects their lives.Ten years ago,no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users.This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students.They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites.They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation.They spend all free time surfing and don’t concentrate on homework,so this addiction influences their grades and success at school.Because they can find everything on the websites,they hang out there.Moreover,this addiction to websites influences their social life.They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends.The relation with their friends changes.The virtual life becomes more important than their real life.They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society.Because of the change in their behavior,they begin to keep themselves apart from society and live with their virtual friends.They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life.Although they feel confident on the computer,they are not confident with real live friends they have known all their life.It is a problem for the future.This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world.1.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The influence of weboholism.B.The advantage of weboholism.C.The popularity of weboholism.D.The cause of weboholism.2.What does the underlined word “obsessional”in the second paragraph most probably mean?A.Attractive.B.Professional.C.Addictive.D.Potential.3.We can infer from the passage that .A.weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagersB.students can hardly balance real and virtual lifeC.people are addicted to games on the InternetD.virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway语篇解读:本文是说明文,讲述了网瘾在全球迅速蔓延,成为世纪通病,影响着不同年龄的人群。

必修三Unit 1 单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）练(一)阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·合肥质检)Niagara Falls is among the most beautiful natural wonders in the world, where guests will have the chance to obtain all sorts of physical and mental pleasure.·Maid of the MistThis famous boat experience has been taking passengers as close to the Niagara Falls as they can get for more than a century.Guests are expected to make their way into the spray itself!Admission: Adults ＄19; Children (Under 11 yrs) ＄11; Seniors (Over 65 yrs) ＄11Opening Hours: May 1－Nov 4Duration: Approx.20 Minutes·Jet Boat RideThese exciting boat rides take passengers on a thrilling trip down the Niagara River! This 45-minute round-trip ride zooms through the Niagara Gorge, and even takes passengers to the famous Whirlpool Rapids, all of a custom-built jet boat.Admission: Adults ＄66; Children (3－12 yrs, minimum of 40 inches tall) ＄56; Seniors (Over 65 yrs) ＄56Opening Hours: Daily 8：00 am－5：00 pm.Times vary.Closed, January 1.Duration: Approx.45 Minutes·Niagara Falls Illumination (灯饰)For more than 75 years, visitors to Niagara Falls have been able to enjoy a nighttime illumination of the impressive American and Horseshoe Falls.Every night of the year at dusk, visitors can experience the falls in a new way.Admission: Adults ＄16; Children (Under 11 yrs) ＄8; Seniors (Over 62 yrs) ＄8Opening Hours: Daily 8：00 pm.Vary seasonally.·Thundering Water Cultural ShowNiagara, like many impressive wonders of nature, is a sacred (神圣的) place for the local Native American people.This show uses dance as a storytelling medium through which to showcase the impact that the falls have had on native culture.Admission: Adults ＄21; Children (Under 11 yrs) ＄13; Seniors (Over 65 yrs) ＄11Opening Hours: Daily 7：00 pm－8：00 pmDuration: Approx.40 MinutesA．Get to the top of the falls.B．Spray water onto each other.C．Have an experience of getting wet.D．Go sightseeing along the Niagara River.解析：选C推理判断题。

译林版2020高考英语一轮复习第一部分语言知识必修3【Unit 1】能力提升题组练A及解析Unit 1 The world of our sensesⅠ.阅读理解(2018北京海淀区高三二模)Why Do People Blink Their Eyes?People blink(眨眼)their eyes tens of thousands of times every day.Scientists have long believed blinking was an involuntary movement and served mainly to keep the eyeballs wet.But a new study suggests it has a more important purpose.An international team of scientists from the University of California at Berkeley studied the blinking of human eyelids.The journal Current Biology published their findings.The team said they found that blinking “repositions our eyeballs so we can stay focused” on what we are seeing.They said that when we blink our eyelids,the eyes roll back into their sockets—the bony area that surrounds and protects the eyes.However,the researchers found the eyes don’t always return to the same position.They said this causes the brain to tell the eye muscles to reorganize our eyesight.Gerrit Maus is the lead writer of the report.He serves as an assistant professor of psychology at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.Maus said,“Our eye muscles are quite sluggish(迟缓的)and imprecise,so the brain needs to constantly adapt its motor signals to make sure our eyes are pointing where they’re supposed to.Our findings suggested that the brain measures the differencein what we see before and after a blink,and commands the eye muscles to make the needed corrections.” The researchers said that without such corrections our surroundings would appear unclear and even jumpy.They said the movement acts “like a steadicam(摄影机稳定器)of the mind.”The researchers said they asked volunteers to sit in a dark room while staring at a small dot on a flat surface.They used special cameras to follow the volunteers’ blinks and eye movements.After each blink,the dot was moved one centimeter to the right.The volunteers did not notice this,but the brain did.It followed the movement and directed the eye muscles to refocus on the dot.After the dot was moved in this way 30 times,the volunteers’ eyes changed their focus to the place where they predicted it would be.Professor Maus said,“Even though participants did not consciously register that the dot had moved,their brains did,and adjusted with the corrective eye movements.These findings add to our understanding of how the brain constantly adapts to changes,commanding our eye muscles to correct for errors in our bodies’own hardware.”1.According to the new study,blinking eyes can .A.serve to keep the eyeballs wetB.reposition eyeballs to stay focusedC.consciously correct eye movementsD.make our eyes adapt to motor signals2.From the experiment,we can learn that .A.volunteers could see the moving dot with special camerasB.the eyeballs could stay in the place as they were predictedC.participants were aware of the dot’s movements to the rightD.the brain commanded the eye muscles to refocus on the dot3.The underlined word “register” in Paragraph 5 probably means .A.realizeB.refocusC.reserveD.reason4.This passage shows that .A.eye muscles are quite inactive and impreciseB.the research is of great value in the eye movementC.the brain plays an important role in seeing things clearlyD.volunteers control their blinks to follow the changes of the dot语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。

必修3　Unit 1　The world of our senses能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018北京海淀区高三二模)Why Do People Blink Their Eyes?People blink(眨眼)their eyes tens of thousands of times every day.Scientists have long believed blinking was an involuntary movement and served mainly to keep the eyeballs wet.But a new study suggests it has a more important purpose.An international team of scientists from the University of California at Berkeley studied the blinking of human eyelids.The journal Current Biology published their findings.The team said they found that blinking “repositions our eyeballs so we can stay focused” on what we are seeing.They said that when we blink our eyelids,the eyes roll back into their sockets—the bony area that surrounds and protects the eyes.However,the researchers found the eyes don’t always return to the same position.They said this causes the brain to tell the eye muscles to reorganize our eyesight.Gerrit Maus is the lead writer of the report.He serves as an assistant professor of psychology at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.Maus said,“Our eye muscles are quite sluggish(迟缓的)and imprecise,so the brain needs to constantly adapt its motor signals to make sure our eyes are pointing where they’re supposed to.Our findings suggested that the brain measures the difference in what we see before and after a blink,and commands the eye muscles to make the needed corrections.” The researchers said that without such corrections our surroundings would appear unclear and even jumpy.They said the movement acts “like a steadicam(摄影机稳定器)of the mind.”The researchers said they asked volunteers to sit in a dark room while staring at a small dot on a flat surface.They used special cameras to follow the volunteers’ blinks and eye movements.After each blink,the dot was moved one centimeter to the right.The volunteers did not notice this,but the brain did.Itfollowed the movement and directed the eye muscles to refocus on the dot.After the dot was moved in this way 30 times,the volunteers’ eyes changed their focus to the place where they predicted it would be.Professor Maus said,“Even though participants did not consciously register that the dot had moved,their brains did,and adjusted with the corrective eye movements.These findings add to our understanding of how the brain constantly adapts to changes,commanding our eye muscles to correct for errors in our bodies’ own hardware.”1.According to the new study,blinking eyes can .A.serve to keep the eyeballs wetB.reposition eyeballs to stay focusedC.consciously correct eye movementsD.make our eyes adapt to motor signals2.From the experiment,we can learn that .A.volunteers could see the moving dot with special camerasB.the eyeballs could stay in the place as they were predictedC.participants were aware of the dot’s movements to the rightD.the brain commanded the eye muscles to refocus on the dot3.The underlined word “register” in Paragraph 5 probably means .A.realizeB.refocusC.reserveD.reason4.This passage shows that .A.eye muscles are quite inactive and impreciseB.the research is of great value in the eye movementC.the brain plays an important role in seeing things clearlyD.volunteers control their blinks to follow the changes of the dot语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。

模块三Unit 1 The world of our senses[对点题组]Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1．It is ________(recognize)that there are some problems with the current system. 2．He ________(ignore)all the“No smoking”signs and lit up a cigarette.3．When I came in，I found him ________(employ)in cleaning his shoes.C．attracted D．attached答案C[考查动词辨析。

句意：在上海世博会开放当天，成千上万的外国人被吸引到此处。

attract sb to“把(人等)吸引到……”，此处为其被动语态。

attend表示“参加”，是及物动词，不必加to，而且要用主动形式，所以A 项错误；attain“达到”；be attached to表示“附属于”，都不符合语境。

] 7．—So you didn't say hello to him last night.—Well，I stopped and smiled when I saw him，but he________me and walked on.A．ignored B．refusedC．denied D．missed答案A[答句句意：哦，我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是他没理我就走了。

ignore“不理睬，忽视”；refuse“拒绝”；deny“否认”；miss“怀念，错过”。

]8．The US should________the three Sino-US joint communiques and the basic norms of international relations.A．approve B．observex_k_b_1C．accomplish D．accelerate答案B[句意：美国应遵守中美三个联合公报和国际关系基本准则。

必修第三册Unit1Ⅰ.阅读理解A(安徽合肥二模)City parks have long been a place for urban residents to get a small amount of green.As cities increasingly feel the impacts of rising seas and temperatures,people are rethinking the roles of urban parks.All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat.Dallas is one of the country’s fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its epervious (不透水的) surfaces,but with a new $312 million bond package,the city is hoping to change ing satellite data,the city is able to see what neighborhoods most need—the cooling effect of green spaces.Cities are increasingly flooding and city planners think parks can help with this issue too.A report published in February by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston,a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains andregularly flooded by rising waters.Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes,they found.Brendan Shane,a climate program director,says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play,in addition to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater.“The stronger the bonds are from neighbor to neighbor,the better they are able to react to a shock,” he says.“Not a single solution by itself will avoid the climate crisis.We see parks as an important part of it,but there isn’t a silver bullet,” says Diane Regas,CEO of The Trust for Public Land.“Parks are an eental community need to do to reach solutions that address climate change and at the same time make people’s lives better.”1.What does the city Dallas want to deal with?A.The lack of green spaces.B.The way of collecting heat.C.The effect of rising seas.D.The bond between neighborhoods.2.What can be inferred from the report by The Nature Conservancy?A.Cities in the world are frequently flooded.B.City parks may help prevent city flooding.C.Cities needn’t invest much money in infrastructure.D.City parks affect peo ple’s choice of a neighborhood.3.What does Brendan Shane say about parks?A.They can enable people to get over a shock.B.They can reduce air pollution effectively.C.They can perform positive social functions.D.They can help people to keep a cool head.4.What does the underlined phrase “a sliver bullet” in paragraph5 mean?A.A fast and effective solution.B.A successful emediate and clear cause.D.An impractical method.B(山东济南学情检测)When people hear “Artificial Intelligence (AI)”,many think of big data.The reason is that some of the most significant AI breakthroughs have relied on enormous data sets.But AI is not only about large data sets,and research in small data approaches in the past decade has grown extensively,with Transfer Learning (TL) (迁移学习) as an especially promising example,which is helpful in settings where you have few data on the task of interest but sufficient data on a related problem.Small data approaches like TL offer numerous advantages over more data-intensive methods.By the use of AI with fewer data,they can facilitate progress in areas where few or no data exist,such as in forecasting natural disasters that occur relatively rarely.More importantly,TL is of great help in terms of generalization.A challenge in the use of AI is that models need to generalize beyond their training data — that is,to give good “answers” to a more general set of “questions” than what they were specifically trained in.TL models work by transferringknowledge from one task to another,so they are very helpful in improving generalization in the new task,even if only limited data are available.AI experts such as Andrew Ng have stated that the approach will be the neachine learning success in industry.There are some early signs of successful adoption and it has been applied to cancer discovery and much more.Despite the increase in research,TL has received relatively little visibility.While many machine learning eiliar withit,techniques such as TL do not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers and business leaders in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and adoption.By acknowledging the success of small data techniques like TL and supporting their widespread use,we can help overcome some widespread misconceptions regarding the role of data in AI and promote innovation in new directions.5.What does the author think of TL?A.It is a potential technique.B.It is of help in large data sets.C.It is an important AI breakthrough.D.It is a reliable solution to multitasking.6.In which aspect does TL show its advantages?A.Acquiring knowledge.B.Discovering questions.C.Collecting training data.D.Improving generalization.7.What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.TL has little value.B.TL is a heated topic.C.TL draws public attention.D.TL is not well recognized.8.What’s the purpose of this tee misconceptions.B.To introduce a small data approach.C.To predict the promising future of AI.D.To emphasize the significance of data.Ⅱ.完形填空(广东深圳二模)The school where Rachel teaches serves free meals to its students.Before her adoring students left for their new year vacation,they 1 her with lots of gifts.But one gift from a girl,in particular, 2 her heart.This girl wanted to get Rachel something so 3 ,but had nothing to give.So rather than offer nothing,she 4 her free breakfast cereal(混合麦片) at school.She took the 5 to pick every dried grape,the favorite part of her breakfast,out of her cereal and 6 them as an unusual new year present for her teacher.Rachel posted the 7 story on Meta,hoping to help people gain some 8 for what they have in their lives—because even when this youngster had nothing to offer,she was still willing to 9 her favourite dried grapes.Inspired by the kind gesture,many people contacted the school headmaster to make 10 .“It makes me so proud of my kids that they have touched your hearts along withmine,”Rachel said.“Your 11 in offering gifts to both the students and me and your donations to our school have not gone 12 .We are all deeply moved.”“My wish for all of you is to remember this kind and simple 13 of love from one of my school babies and carry it with you and continue to 14 love and kindness to everyone you meet—not just during this 15 season.”1.A.helped B.showeredfortedD.supplied2.A.melted B.curedC.changedD.broke3.A.hesitantly B.casuallyC.badlyD.hardly4.A.opened up B.asked forC.gave awayD.put aside5.A.courage B.chanceC.lessonD.time6.A.unwrapped B.cookedC.repackagedD.separated7.A.nice B.funnyC.imaginaryD.old8.A.sympathy B.appreciationC.confidenceD.desire9.A.enjoy B.sacrificeC.collectD.keep10.A.preparations B.appointmentsC.donationsD.requirements11.A.curiosity B.troubleC.experienceD.generosity12.A.unchecked B.unnoticedC.unexpectedD.uncovered13.A.hope B.wordC.trickD.act14.A.spread B.teachC.explainD.declare15.A.graduation B.autumnC.holidayD.school参考答案必修第三册Unit1Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。