必修5 unit1 过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)

人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。

先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。

那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。

语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。

§语法归纳过去分词作表语和定语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义（或已完成的被动动作）；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。

an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)The question discussed was very important.被讨论的问题非常重要。

(即表被动又表完成)boiled water开水(完成)fallen leaves落叶(完成)(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。

My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。

The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。

There is no time left.没有多少时间了。

(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。

The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。

Is there anything planned for tonight?＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚安排了什么活动没有？The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.＝The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。

2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态（用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化）。

教学设计导入：在必修四，我们学习了现在分词的用法，在必修五我们继续学习过去分词的用法。

在学习新课前，我们先来看几个句子，看一下过去分词在句中可担任的成分：定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。

这节课，我们重点来学习一下前两种：过去分词作定语和表语。

Learning aims:1.To master the usage of the Past Participle used as the Attribute and Predicative.2.To learn to use the grammar correctly and fluently.课堂探究一、过去分词作定语(Attribute)1.在句中的位置(1)单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；一颗破碎的心已经升起的太阳一个丢失的孩子We only sell books in our bookstore.(用过的书)(2)过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面，可改为相应的定语从句。

a novel written by Lu Xunan old man supported by his sonThe concert given by their friends was a success. 他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。

注意：过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。

The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。

(3)单个过去分词修饰由some/any/no +thing/body/one 等所构成的不定代词或指示代词those 等时，也要放在这些词后面。

Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.Is there anything unsolved?(4)少数单个过去分词如left 或有时为了强调，也要置于被修饰名词之后。

人教版高中英语必修5unit1知识讲解过去分词作表语和定语人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。

先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。

那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。

过去分词做表语过去分词做定语Many thousands ofthere was an outbreak.(He found that it came from the river dirty water from London.(dirty water from1. 过去分词做定语表被动：surprising newssurprised listenersan exciting moviean exciting movieForFor breadfast_______ on his own farm.Martha told me that the ______ plan was put forward by Mr. Zhang at yesterday’s meeting.people’s appearance, characteristics and qualities: phrases:phrases: put forward, draw a conclusion, expose…to…, link…to…, apart…from, (be)strict absorb: [əb'sɔ:b, -'zɔ:b]vt.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. (必修5P2-12)(，)reject [ri'd ekt] vt./n.eject[dʒe t]vt./.The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it wasi t G d’id d l h t d it ld against God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. (必修5，P7-26)attend [ə'tend] vt.& vi.John Snow was a famous doctor in London-so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her deed,t at e atte ded Quee V cto a as e personal physician. (必修5，P2-4)1to go to an event such1.to go to an event such as meetings, church services, universities, classes, etc..She attends class regularly,She attends class regularly, whileservices at my church.bl['bl i]t/ blame ['bleim] vt./n. 注意：construct 建设、修建；instructconclude, conclusion, draw a conclusion;,,challenge : face a challenge; foresee: predict, foretell.总结课后作业I. Fill the form with V-ed1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular.2. The building _________________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.3. The problem _________________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sun burnt.7. The boy _____________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease.9. The English today is quite different from the English ___________________(300年前所说的).10. Most of the artists___________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.11. The students ____________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.II. Fill in the blanks with the right words according to sentence meanings.movement, theory, cure, absorb, engine, contribute, control, blame, defeat, reject1. Who is to _____for this road accident?2. It is said that this kind of new medicine can _________ people of heart disease.3 . _________ are to machines what hearts are to animals.4. As we know, exercise _________ to better health.5. The hotel fire was completely under _________ the moment the firemen arrived.6. The need to communicate is a key _________ of human society.7. He seemed totally _________ in that book. When I came in he didn’t notice me at all.8. According to the _________ of relativity, nothing travels faster than light.9. This is the first time that our team has been _________ at basketball match.10. This proposal was firmly _________ at the meeting. 答案：I. 1. written by a peasant2. built yesterday3. discussed at yesterday’s meeting4. broken by that naughty boy5. examined yesterday in the hospital6. exposed in the sun7. blamed/punished severely by the teacher8. brought to his house9. spoken 300 years ago10. invited to the party11. inspired/encouraged by the teacherII. 1. construction2. cure3. Engines4. contributes5. control6. movement7. absorbed8. theory9. defeated10. rejected。