工业工程英语

工业工程的概念工业工程（Industrial Engineering）指的是在复杂的生产和运作环境中，运用工程科技和系统分析方法进行生产过程管理的一门学科。

工业工程家在保证产品质量的前提下，通过优化生产流程、提高生产效率、降低成本、提高一致性和可持续性的方法，以最大限度地提高生产力。

工业工程是一门综合性的学科，涵盖了工程、管理、计算机科学、人因工程学、操作研究、统计分析和数据分析等多个领域。

下面是工业工程中常用的概念：1. 经济批量（Economic Batch Quantity）：指在最小化生产成本的前提下确定的最合适的生产批量。

经济批量的确定需要考虑许多因素，如生产线的机器速度、材料成本、劳动力成本和库存成本等。

2. 产能（Production Capacity）：指生产线或单个机器在一定时间内能够处理的最大产品数量。

生产能力可以通过增加生产线、增加工作时间或优化生产流程来提高。

3. 工艺设计（Process Design）：指设计将原材料转化为终成品所必需的一系列工作步骤。

工艺设计需要考虑原材料的特性、加工流程、设备和人力资源的需求等。

4. 作业分析（Work Analysis）：指对工作过程进行详细的研究和记录，以便确定工作任务和完成任务所需时间，从而进行作业规划和资源调配。

5. 质量管理（Quality Management）：指监督和控制生产流程，以确保生产的是合格产品。

质量管理需要包括从原材料采购到最终产品交付的全过程，确保符合客户需求和标准要求。

6. 生产规划（Production Planning）：指计划生产流程，分配生产任务，安排资源并确定生产时间表。

生产规划需要考虑产品需求、生产能力、人力资源以及生产线平衡等因素。

7. 库存管理（Inventory Management）：指监督和控制原材料和成品的库存。

库存管理需要维持适当的库存水平，以便满足生产需求，同时最大程度地减少库存成本。

* industrial engineering:工业工程* manufacturing industry:制造业* production system：生产系统* service system:服务系统* efficiency:效率* effectiveness:效果* curricula: 课程(or curriculum)* harmonious society:和谐社会* IE graduates:工业工程毕业生（IEs）* IE engineers:工业工程师（IEs）* specialty:专业* mechanical engineering：机械工程* electrical engineering：电气工程* specialization: 专业化* standardization: 标准化* productive：有生产价值的、多产的* cost-effective：有成本效益的、划算的* automation:自动化* production line:生产线* production planning:生产计划* production process：生产过程* due date：交货期human factors engineering 人因工程production management 生产管理quality control 质量管理Total Quality Management全面质量管理Continuous Improvement持续改进Human Factors 人因学、工效学Man-Machine Systems人机系统Shop-Floor Activities车间活动Simulation Model仿真模型Code of Ethics道德标准、职业准则Performance Measure绩效测量Benchmark标杆performance evaluation绩效评价zero defects零缺陷interdisciplinary跨学科manufacturing制造interaction互动、交互integration集成curriculum课程体系discipline 学科attrition中途退学multi-disciplinary多学科flexible simulation柔性仿真Labor Specialization劳动力专业化standardized parts标准化的零部件moving assembly line装配线Mass Production Era批量生产Queuing Theory排队理论Process Analysis流程分析Statistical Sampling统计采样Industrial Engineering（IE）工业工程Industrial Engineer工业工程师Simulation仿真Operations Research运筹学Quality Improvement Engineering质量改善工程Management Services管理服务Engineering Services工程服务Performance Improvement Engineering 绩效改善工程Material Handling物料搬运Logistics物流（学科）material flow物流Financial Management金融/财务管理Project Management项目管理Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering that concerns with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, material and process. It also deals with designing new prototypes to help save money and make the prototype better. Industrial engineering draws upon the principles and methods of engineering analysis and synthesis, as well as mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems. In lean manufacturing systems, Industrial engineers work to eliminate wastes of time, money, materials, energy, and other resources.Industrial engineering is also known as operations management, management science, systems engineering, or manufacturing engineering; a distinction that seems to depend on the viewpoint or motives of the user. Recruiters or educational establishments use the names to differentiate themselves from others. In healthcare, for example, industrial engineers are more commonly known as management engineers or health systems engineers.The term "industrial" in industrial engineering can be misleading. While the term originally applied to manufacturing, it has grown to encompass virtually all other industries and services as well. The various topics of concern to industrial engineers include management science, financial engineering, engineering management, supply chain management, process engineering, operations research, systems engineering, ergonomics, value engineering and quality engineering.Examples of where industrial engineering might be used include designing a new loan system for a bank, streamlining operation and emergency rooms in a hospital, distributing products worldwide (referred to as Supply Chain Management), and shortening lines (or queues) at a bank, hospital, or a theme park. Industrial engineers typically use computer simulation, especially discrete event simulation, for system analysis and evaluation.工业工程是一个涉及人们、资金、知识、信息、设备、能源、材料和过程集成系统的开发、改进、实施和评价的工程分支。

工业工程英语缩写
工业工程是一门涵盖多个方面的广泛学科，涉及到生产、设计、规划以及管理等方面，其英语缩写为IE，表示Industrial Engineering。

IE涵盖了各种工业和商业环境中的生产和运作流程，旨在提高生产效率和产品质量、降低成本，并最大化生产线、劳工、设备和资源的优化。

比如，IE可以帮助提高工作效率、降低生产风险、优化供应链和制定战略性决策。

IE的学科领域包括工艺设计、设备规划、材料管理、运营管理、生产规划、质量管理、工程经济学等。

IE的实践范围也相当广泛，可以应用于制造业、交通运输业、医疗保健行业、零售业、金融业等多个领域。

IE的核心价值在于提高生产的效率和质量，减少浪费和损失。

通过对生产流程的仔细分析和改进，IE可以有效提高生产效率、减少不必要的物料和零部件缺乏，同时还可以保证产品的质量和一致性。

此外，IE可以进一步优化供应链，从而发挥更大的经济效益。

最终，IE的目的在于为企业、消费者和环境创造更可持续、更有效、更创新的生产环境。

IE为企业提供了更高效的加工和流程，为消费者提供了高质量的产品，同时降低了环境污染和能源浪费。

IE在各种型号、规模和行业的企业中都具有价值，使其成为一个受欢迎和重要的专业。

工业工程专业英语课后练习题含答案1. What is Industrial Engineering?Industrial engineering is a field which seeks to optimize the use of resources (including people, machines, materials, and money) in the design and implementation of manufacturing and production systems. It is concerned with managing and improving the overall efficiency, productivity, and qualityof these systems, as well as ensuring the health and safetyof workers.2. What are the key areas that industrial engineers focus on?Industrial engineers focus on a number of areas, including: •Manufacturing and production systems design and improvement•Supply chn management•Quality control and process improvement•Ergonomics and workplace design•Project management•Safety and risk management3. What are some common industrial engineering tools and techniques?Some common industrial engineering tools and techniques include:•Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies for process improvement•Computer-ded design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) for product and system design•Statistical analysis and modeling for data analysis and decision making•Simulation modeling for system analysis and optimization•Work measurement and time motion studies for process analysis and improvement•Human factors engineering for design of workspaces and equipment4. What are the benefits of industrial engineering?The benefits of industrial engineering include:•Increased productivity and efficiency ofmanufacturing and production systems•Reduced waste and costs in manufacturing and production processes•Improved quality control and product quality•Safer and more ergonomic workspaces for employees•Improved supply chn management and logistics•More effective project management and resource allocation5. What are the education and career requirements for industrial engineering?To become an industrial engineer, one typically needs a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in industrial engineering or a related field. Some common coursework includes statistics, operations research, supply chn management, and manufacturing systems design. Industrial engineers can work in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, and government. They may work in roles such as process engineer, business analyst, quality engineer, or project manager.Answers to Practice Questions:1.What is the goal of industrial engineering?The goal of industrial engineering is to optimize the use of resources in the design and implementation of manufacturing and production systems in order to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality.2.What are some key areas that industrial engineersfocus on?Industrial engineers focus on areas such as manufacturing and production systems design and improvement, supply chn management, quality control and process improvement, ergonomics and workplace design, project management, andsafety and risk management.3.What are some common tools and techniques used byindustrial engineers?Common industrial engineering tools and techniques include lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies, computer-ded design and manufacturing, statistical analysis and modeling, simulation modeling, work measurement and time motion studies, and human factors engineering.4.What are some benefits of industrial engineering?Benefits of industrial engineering include increased productivity and efficiency, reduced waste and costs,improved quality control and product quality, safer and more ergonomic workspaces, improved supply chn management and logistics, and more effective project management and resource allocation.5.What education and career requirements are therefor industrial engineering?To become an industrial engineer, one typically needs a degree in industrial engineering or a related field, and may work in roles such as process engineer, business analyst, quality engineer, or project manager.。

工业工程（Industrial Engineering，简称IE）是一门应用性工程专业技术，它是以科学管理作为基础，专门研究如何优化生产制造、物流、管理和服务等领域的系统。

它通过运用数学、物理学和社会科学等专门知识及技术，结合工程分析和设计的原理与方法，对该系统所取得的成果进行确定、预测和评价。

工业工程可以分为传统IE和现代IE。

传统IE主要是通过时间研究与动作研究，工厂布置，物料搬运，生产计划和日程安排等，以提高劳动生产率。

现代IE则以运筹学和系统工程作为理论基础，以计算机作为先进手段，兼容并蕴涵了诸多新学科和理论技术。

工业工程的应用领域十分广泛，不仅仅局限于制造业，也包括服务业在内任何组织机构。

对于制造业中所采用的管理技术同样能够用于评价和提高服务业的生产率和质量。

总的来说，工业工程是一门跨边缘的学科，其知识涵盖了数学、物理学、社会科学等多个领域。

在实践中，工业工程师会与其他学科的专家合作，以解决实际问题和优化各种系统。

Engineer 工程PE: Products Engineer; 生产工程Process engineer 制程工程TE: Test Engineer 测试工程ME: Manufacturing Engineer; 制造工程; Mechanical Engineer 机械工程IE: Industrial Engineer 工业工程DCC: Document Control Center 文管中心BOM: Bill OF Material 材料清单ECN: Engineering Change Notice 工程变动公告TECN: Temporary Engineering Change Notice 工程临时变动公告ATY: Assembly Test Yield Total Yield 直通率TPM: Total Productivity MaintenancePM: Product Manager; Project ManagerECR: Engineering Change Request 工程变更申请ECO: Engineering Change Request 工程变更指令EN: Engineering Notice 工程通报WPS: Work Procedure Sheet 工作说明书ICT: In Circuit Test 电路测试P/R: pilot run; C/R control run T/R trial run 试做EVT: engineer Verification Test 工程验证测试DVT: Design Verification Test 设计验证测试MVT: Mass Verification Test 多项验证测试ORT: On Going Reliability Test 出货信赖性测试S/W:software 软件H/W: hardware 硬件DCN: Design Change Notice 设计变更通知PVT: Production Verification Test 生产验证测试MTF: Modulation Transfer Function 调整转换功能CAT: Carriage Alignment Tool 载器调整具ID: Industrial Design 工业设计(外观设计)PCBA: Printed Circuit Board Assembly 电路板组装F/T: Function Test 功能测试CCD: Charge Coupled Device 扫描仪之读器ERS: External Reference Spec 外部规格PMP: Production Management Plan 工程管理计划QA Quality Assurance 质量保证QRA :Quality & Reliability Assurance质量与可靠性保证MQA :Manufacturing Quality Assurance 制造质量保证DQA: Design Quality Assurance 设计质量保证QC: Quality Control 质量控制IQC: Incoming Quality Control 收益质量控制VQC: Vendor Quality Control 售货质量控制IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程质量控制OQA: Out going Quality Control 出货质量控制QE: Quality Engineer 质量工程AQL: Acceptable Quality Level 可接受的质量水平DPPM: Defective Pieces Per Million units 百万件中有损件数PPM: Pieces Per Million 百万分之一CS: Custom Service 顾客服务MRB: Marerial Review BoardDMR Defective Material Report 材料缺陷报告RMA: Return Marerial Administration 材料回收处理Life Test 寿命测试T/C: Temperature Cycle 温度循环H/T: High Temperature Test 高温测试L/T: Low Temperature Test 低温测试ISO: International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织SPC: Statistic process control 统计过程控制5S: 整理.整顿.清理.清扫.素养VMI: Visual Mechanical Inspection 外观机构检验MIL-STD: Military Standard 美军标准SPEC: Specification 规格AVL: Approval Vendor List 合格厂商QVL: Qualified Vendor List 合格厂商FQC: Final Quality Control 最终质量控制OBA: Open Box Audit 成品检验EAR: Engineering Analysis RequestFAI: First Article Inspection 首件检验VQM: Vendor Quality Management 厂商质量管理CAR: Corrective Action Request 改进对策要求4M: Man; Machine; Material; Method 人,机,材,方法5M: Man; Machine; Material; Method; Mwasurment 人,机,材,方法,测量MTBF: Mean Time Between Failure 平均寿命TTL: TotalFIN Finance&Accounting 财务与账目P&L: Profit & LosePV : Performance Variance 现象差异3 Element of Cost = M,L,OM: Material 材料L: Labor 人力Overhead 管理费用Fix OH Fix Overhead 固定管理费用Var OH Variable Overhead 不定管理费用COGS Cost Of Goods Sold 工厂制造成本AR: Account Receivable 应收AP: Account Payable 应支MIS Management Information System 资迅管理系统IS: Information System 资迅系统IT: Information Technology 系统技术MRP: Material Requisition Plan 材料需求计划I2:Information Integration System 资迅整合系统SAP: System Application Programming 系统申请项目ERP: Enterprise Resource Programming 企业资源项目HR Human Resource 人力资源PR: Public relation 公共关系T/O: Turn Over Rate=Monthly T/O Total People*12 GR: General Affair 总务Organization 组织HQ Head Quarter 总公司Chairmen 主席Lite-On Group 光宝集团President总裁Executive Vice President 常务副总裁Vice President 副总裁HR Human Resource 人力资源部FIN Finance 财务Sales 销售R&D: Research & Developing 研发部QA: 质量保证QA DQA CSMIS: Management Information System 资迅管理系统PUR 采购PurchasingIMD: Image Management Division 影像管理事业部ITS: Information Technology System 计算机部QRA: Quality Reliability Assurance 品保部MFG: Manufacturing 制造部PMC: Production & Material Control 生(产)物(料)管(理) Materials 材料PC: Production Control 生产控制MPS: Mass Production Schedule 量产计划FGI: Finished goods Inventory 成品存货UTS: Units To Stock 存货单元WIP: Working In Process Inventory 在制品C/T: Cycle Time 循环时间,瓶颈WD: Working Days 工作天MTD: Month To Days 月初到今日(例如总表整理) YTD: Year To Days年初到今日SO: Sales Order 销售清单MO: Manufacture Order 制造清单BTO: Build To Order 订单生产P/N: Part Number 料号MC: Material Control 材料控制MRP: Material Requisition Plan 材料需求计划INV: Inventory 存货清单Inv Turn Over Days=INVS/NSB X WD 库存周转天数PSI: Production Shipping Inventory 预备待出货JIT: Just In Time 实时Safety Inventory 安全存量CKD: Completed Kits Delivery 全件组装出货SKD: Semi Kits Delivery 半件(小件)组装出货W/H: Warehouse 仓库Rec: Receiving Center 接收中心Raw MTL 原物料F/G: finish goods 成品Import/Export 进出口SI: Shipping Instruction 发货指令PL: Packing List 包装清单Inv: Shipping Invoice 出货发票ETD: Estimate Arrive 预估离开时间BL: Bill of Landing 提货单(海运)AWB: Air Way Bill 提货单(空运)MAWA: Master Air Way Bill 主提货单HAWB: House Air Way Bill 副提货单TEU: Twenty foot Equipment Unit(Contain) 二十英尺货柜FEU: Forty foot Equipment Unit(Contain) 四十英尺货柜CY: Container Yard 货柜场THC: Terminal Handing Charge 码头费ORC: Original Receiving Charge 码头费PUR: Purchasing 采购FOB: Free on Board 货运至甲板(离岸价)CIF: Cost Insurance Freight 成本+运费+保险OA: Open Account 开户TT: Telegram Transfer 电汇COD: Cash On DeliveryCRP: Cost Reduction Program 降低成本方案PR: Purchasing Requisition 采购申请PO: Purchasing Order 采购单MFG Manufacturing Production 制造生产DL: Director Labor 直接人工IDL: Indirect Labor 间接人工DLH: Direct Labor Hours 直接工时Productivity=UTS/DLHPPH: Pieces Per Hour 每小时件数Efficiency=Actual/Target(%)DT: Machine Down Time 停机时间AI: Auto Insertion 自动插入MI: Manual Insertion 人工插入SMD: Surface Mount Device 表面粘着零件SMT: Surface mount technology 表面粘着技术B/I: Burn In(for how many hours at how many degree) 烧机WI: Work Instruction 工作说明SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 作业指导书R/I: Run In 运转机器ESD: Electrical Static Discharge 静电释放MP: Mass Production 量产CTQ:Critical To Quality 品质关键点。

管理科学与工程专业英语词汇
管理科学与工程专业涉及到许多英语词汇，以下是一些常见的词汇：
1. Management Science and Engineering 管理科学与工程。

2. Decision Making 决策。

3. Operations Research 运筹学。

4. Supply Chain Management 供应链管理。

5. Quality Control 质量控制。

6. Project Management 项目管理。

7. Risk Management 风险管理。

8. Industrial Engineering 工业工程。

9. Data Analysis 数据分析。

10. Optimization 优化。

11. Logistics 物流。

12. Information Systems 信息系统。

13. Human Resources 人力资源。

14. Cost Management 成本管理。

15. Strategic Planning 战略规划。

以上词汇涵盖了管理科学与工程专业中的一些关键领域和概念。

希望这些词汇对你有所帮助。

如果你需要更多的词汇或者对特定领
域的词汇感兴趣，请随时告诉我。

介绍工业工程专业英文English:Industrial Engineering is a field of engineering that focuses on optimizing complex systems or processes. It combines knowledge and skills from various disciplines such as engineering, business, and computer science to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality in organizations. Industrial engineers analyze data, develop solutions, and implement strategies to streamline production processes, reduce costs, and enhance overall performance. They use mathematical modeling, computer simulations, and optimization techniques to identify bottlenecks, enhance workflow, and eliminate waste in systems. Industrial engineering also involves knowledge of ergonomics, safety, and environmental sustainability to design workspaces that are efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly. Graduates of industrial engineering programs are equipped with the skills to work in a variety of industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, and consulting, where they can apply their problem-solving abilities and technical knowledge to drive continuous improvement and innovation.中文翻译:工业工程是一个专注于优化复杂系统或过程的工程领域。

qualitative定性的scarce resources资源紧缺refining炼油、精炼likelihood可能性large-scale application大规模应用schedule调度、计划、安排distribution市场营销、产品运输domain领域Motion Analysis【动作分析】Time Study时间研究Activity/Work Sampling活动/工作抽样Historical Data历史数据Estimate估算Pre-determined Motion Times System（PMTS）预定动作时间系统Methods Time Measurement（MTM）方法时间测量法Maynard Operation Sequence Technique（MOST）梅纳德操作排序技术Modular Arrangement模块化安排法Predetermined Time Standards（PTS）预定时间标准法Master Standard Data（MSD）主时间数据法Motion Standard Times（MST）动作标准时间法Work Factor工作要素法Interactive Expert System交互式专家系统Data Collector数据收集器Rating or Leveling Factor评比因子Histogram直方图Moving Average Approach移动平均法Manufacturing Line Balancing生产线平衡graphical histograms统计直方图random times随机时间bottleneck瓶颈electronic hand-held data collector电子手持式数据采集器save little if any time能省点时间就尽量省点overlooked忽略的establish制定、建立eliminate删除internal element内部元素setup element安装要素routers工序、工艺流程Ergonomics【人因学/工效学】：Occupational Hazards职业危险Human Centered Design面向人类的设计Time-and-Motion Study时间和动作研究Industrial Psychology工业心理学Accident Proneness事故倾向性Work Physiology工作生理学Biomechanics生物力学Anthropometry人体测量学Human Factors Engineering人因工程Engineering Psychology工程心理学Experimental Psychology实验心理学Systems Engineering系统工程Human Perception人类感知Information Processing信息处理Response响应、反应Feedback Loops反馈回路Independent Variable独立变量Dependent Variable非独立变量Visual Sense视觉Auditory Sense听觉Manual Response手动响应Verbal Response语音响应Idiosyncratic Variable（人类的）特征变量Physiological Arousal生理干扰Macroergonomics宏观工效学Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off（SATO）速度和精度的平衡Cognitive Ergonomics认知工效学Usability Study使用性研究Human Reliability人类可靠性Human-Computer Interaction人机交互Musculoskeletal Disorder肌骨失调、肌骨紊乱enhance提升affordances功效示能性、功能可见性simultaneously同时and vice versa反之亦然scenario情况proposal提案collaboration协同synergy协同Trade-Off（两者间）平衡compromise折中Next Generation Factory Layouts【21世纪的工厂布局】：Factory Layout工厂布局Product Layout产品式布局Process Layout工艺式布局Functional Layout功能式布局Cellular Layout单元式布局Modular Layout模块式布局Layout/Facility Design布局/设施设计Work-In-Process（WIP）半成品Material Handing物料搬运Cell制造单元Throughput生产量、生产率Reconfigurability(布局的)可重组性、可重塑性Work Center工作中心Contract Manufacturing契约制造Original Equipment Manufacturer（OEM）原始设备制造商Delayed Product Differentiation产品延迟差异化Multichannel Manufacturing多通道制造Scalable Machine可扩展的机器Portable Machine便携式机器Workpiece工件Distributed layout分布式布局Agile Layout敏捷布局Waste-Disposal Facility废物处理设施Capacity Assignment能力分配Threshold Value阈值Directed Graph有向图Machine Utilization设备利用率Routing and Dispatching路径规划和调度Consolidated Facility联合设施、公用设施Star Layout星型布局Hub-and-Spoke Layout轮辐式布局queue times等待时间processing departments加工区in-process inventories半制品库存economy of scale规模经济product variety is high or production volumes are small多品种小批量property特性congestion拥堵、堵塞batching分批、分类subdepartment子部们robustness健壮的automobile industry汽车工业shrink缩短capturing分析embedded嵌入的process batch size流程批量responsiveness响应性review汇总order splitting订单分割under varying conditions在变化的条件下equidistant远距离Unit11New Product Development 新产品开发Product Strategy 产品策略Research and Development研发Product Portfolio 产品汇总表Product Concept Statement 产品概念陈述Customer Needs 顾客需求Project Plan 项目计划Concurrent Engineering 并行工程Rapid Prototyping 快速原型Product Definition 产品定义Project Planning 项目规划Foundation Element 基本要素Project Specific Element 项目特有要素Tangible Product 实物产品Sketch 草图Three Dimensional Model 三维模型Product Feature and Function 产品特征和功能Target Market Segment 目标市场部分Design Priority 设计优先级Resource Constraint 资源限制Important Factor 关键因素Task 任务Projected Resource Requirement资源需求预估Unit12Computer Integrated Manufacturing（CIM）计算机集成制造Computer-Aided Design（CAD计算机辅助设计Computer-Aided Manufacturing(CAM) 计算机辅助制造Computer-Aided Engineering（CA 计算机辅助工程Computer-Aided Software Engineering（CASE）计算机辅助软件工程Computer -Aided Process Planning（CAPP）计算机辅助工艺规划Variant CAPP 变异式计算机辅助工艺规划Generative CAPP生成式计算机辅助工艺规划Material Requirement Planning （MRP物料需求规划Manufacturing Resources Planning（MRPⅡ）制造资源规划Capacity Requirements Planning(CPR) 能力需求规划Shop-Floor Control (SFC) 车间控制Group Technology (GT) 成组技术Computer Graphics 计算机图形学Primitives 基本构图要素Coordinate Transformation 坐标变换Prototyping 原型Stress Analysis 应力分析Integrated Circuit Board 集成电路版Printed- Circuit Board 印刷电路板Numerical Control(NC)Machine数控机床Numerical Control Part Programming数控零件编程Robotics Programming 机器人编程Computer-Generated Work Standard计算机生成的工作标准Bill of Materials（BOM）物料清单Manufacturing Automation Protocol(MAP)制造自动化协议Technical and Office Protocol(TOP)技术和办公协议Flexible Manufacturing system 柔性制造系统Automated Test Equipment（ATE）自动检测设备Change Notice 变更通知单Closed-Loop MRP System 闭环MRP系统Open System Interconnection(OSI)开放系统互联American Standard Code for Information Interchange(ASCII)用于信息交换的美国标准编码Extended Binary-Coded-Decimal Interchange Code(ECDIC)扩展的十进制二元编码交换马Local Area Network 局域网Wide Area Network 广域网Fiber-Optic Cable 光纤电缆Coaxial Cable 同轴电缆Factory Automation 工厂自动化Hard Automation 刚性自动化Flexible Automation 柔性自动化Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)可编程逻辑控制器Automated Storage and Retrieval System(AS/RS)自动存取系统Automated Guided Vehicle （AGV）自动导航设备Computer Automated Inspection（CAI）计算机自动检测Computer Numerical Control(DNC) 计算机数控Distributed Numerical Control(DNCⅡ) 分布式数控Electro-Magnetic Interference(EMI) 电磁干涉Plastic Injection-Molding Machine塑料注塑机Manipulators 操作件End-Effector 执行件Sensor 传感器Controller 控制器Hydraulically –powered 液动的Pneumatically –powered 气动的Electrically-powered 电动的Flexible Manufacturing Cell 柔性制造单元Vision /Tactile/Force sensor 视觉/触觉/压力传感器Point-To-Point（PTP）Robot 点到点机器人Force Sensor 压力传感器Tactile Sensor 触觉传感器Vision Sensor 视觉传感器No.14Just in time (JIT) 准时制造Japanese Management 日式管理Quick Set-up 快速启动Automation（ASD）自动化Poka Yoke or Automatic Stopping Device 自动停线设施Breaking of Physical Barriers (BPB)打破物理分隔Shop Floor Reduction (SFR) 车间缩减Defective Part 次品Work-in-Process 在制品Multi-Machine Manning Working System (MMM) 多设备配员工系统Standard Operations (SO ) 操作标准化Quality Control Circles (QCC) 质量控制圈Suggestions System (SS) 建议系统Flow-of-Products-Oriented Layout (FPL) 面向产品流动的布局U-formed Processing Line (UPL) U型生产线Mass Production of Mixed Models (MMP)混合型号的大规模生产Total Preventive Maintenance (TPM)全面预防性维护Kanban (KBN) 看板production Lead time 生产提前期Continuous Improvement(CI) 持续改进Breaking of Administrative Barriers (BAB)打破管理界限Autonomation (ADW) 员工自治Job Rotation (JR) 工作轮换On-the –Job Training (OJT) 在岗培训Zero inventories 零库存Zero Defects 零缺陷No.15Total Quality Management (TQM)全面质量管理Management Commitment 管理承诺Continuous Improvement 持续改进Customers Focus 以客户为中心Employee Empowerment 员工授权Process Management 流程管理Benchmarking 标杆超越Statistical Process Control (SPC)随机过程控制Assembly Line 装配线Mass Production 大规模生产Service Intangibility 服务的无形性Simultaneity of Production 生产的同时性Employee Involvement 员工参与Teamwork 团队合作Supplier Partnership 与供应商的伙伴关系Cellular Manufacturing 单元制造Quality Policy 质量策略Training 培训Product/Service Design 生产/服务设计Supplier Quality Management供应商质量管理Employee Relations 员工关系Customers Involvement 顾客参与Corporate Quality Culture 企业质量文化Strategic Quality Management战略质量管理Perishability 易逝性Total Quality Service(TQS) 全面质量服务Unit18Supply Chain Management 供应链管理Supply Chain Partner 供应链合作伙伴Inventory Cost 库存成本Operations Management 运作管理Stochastic Modeling 随机性建模Simulation 仿真Math Programming 数学规划Rational 理性的Objective Function 目标函数（方程）Individual Preference 个人偏好Cognitive Ability 认知能力Operational Cause 运作因素Behavioral Factor 行为参数（因素）Experimental Economics 实验经济学Beer Distribution Game 啤酒分销游戏Bullwhip Effect 牛鞭效应Exponential Smoothing 指数平滑Simple Moving Average 简单移动平均Retailer 零售商Wholesaler 批发商Distributor 分销商Manufacturer 制造商Holding Cost 库存成本Backlog Cost 缺货成本Ordering Cost 订购成本Setup Cost 生产准备成本Inventory Allocation 存货分配Infinite Manufacturing Capacity无限制造能力，无限生产能力Order Batching 批量订购Setup Time 生产准备时间Price Fluctuation 价格浮动Incentive Scheme 激励机制POS Data 销售点数据n-echelon n级，n阶Subject 实验参加者，实验主体Unit20Work Organization 工作组织Task Decomposition 任务分解Job Measurement 作业测量Information Technology 信息技术Business Process Redesign业务流程再造Process Modeling 过程建模Production Scheduling and Control生产调度控制Materials Management Information Systems物料管理信息系统Logistics 物流Workplace Rationalization工作现场的合理化Accounts Payable 应付账款Accounts Receivable 应收账款Cross-Functional Analysis 交叉智能分析80-20 Philosophy 80/20哲学，80/20原则Computer-Aided Systems Engineering(CASE)计算机辅助系统工程Underwriting 保险业Value-Added Chain 增值链Electronic Data Interchange(EDI)电子数据交换Local Area Network(LAN) 局域网Invoice 发票Bills of Materials 物料清单Asset Management 资产管理Production Scheduling 生产计划(调度)Human Resource Management 人力资源管理Continuous Process Improvement持续流程改进Automated inspection 自动化检验automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统applied biomechanics 应用生物力学CAD/CAM 计算机辅助设计与制造computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机整合制造系统data structure 数据结构data base management systemAutomated inspection 自动化检验automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统applied biomechanics 应用生物力学CAD/CAM 计算机辅助设计与制造computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机整合制造系统data structure 数据结构data base management system 数据库管理系统decision analysis 决策分析。