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TextIt was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day！' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then， the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train，' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast，' I said. 'What are you doing？' she asked. 'I'm having breakfast，' I repeated. 'Dear me，' she said. 'Do you always get up so late？ It's one o'clock！'It was Sunday.I never get up early on Sundays.was 表示过去时，那是个星期天。
on Sundays每逢星期天never adv从未，未曾，永不eg I have never been abroad.我从未出过国。
eg Would you do that ? -- Never.你会做那件事情吗？绝不会。
eg I never get up before 10 o`clock in mornings.eg Never fear.不要害怕。
新概念英语第二册第2课笔记摘要：1.课文概述2.学习方法和建议3.重点词汇和短语4.实用口语表达正文：新概念英语第二册第2课笔记一、课文概述本课的主题是早餐和午餐，讲述了一位学生在星期天懒床的经历。
故事发生在一个阳光明媚的星期天，主人公通常不会早起，而是在床上一直待到午餐时间。
当天，他起床后透过窗户发现外面天色尚暗，于是感叹道：“what a day！”接着，他的阿姨Lucy给他打电话，告诉他她刚到火车站，打算来看他。
二、学习方法和建议1.入门容易：新概念英语教材分为不同的阶段，适合不同水平的学员入门学习。
2.课文经典：教材中的课文经典且具有代表性，可以帮助学员掌握各种口语和书面表达。
3.习题典型：教材中的习题设计严谨，有助于学员巩固所学知识。
4.适合自学：有一定英语基础的学员可以利用新概念英语自主学习。
三、重点词汇和短语1.breakfast（早餐）2.lunch（午餐）3.get up（起床）4.stay in bed（躺在床上）5.look out of the window（透过窗户往外看）6.what a day！（真是的一天！）四、实用口语表达1.What do you want for breakfast/lunch?（你想吃早餐/午餐吃什么？）2.I usually have bread and milk for breakfast./I prefer lunch to breakfast.（我通常早餐吃面包和牛奶。
/我觉得午餐比早餐好吃。
）3.Do you like having breakfast/lunch together?（你喜欢和我们一起吃早餐/午餐吗？）4.I"d like to try something new for breakfast./Lunch.（我想尝试一下早餐/午餐吃点新鲜的东西。
）通过本课的学习，我们可以了解到如何在日常生活中用英语表达早餐、午餐的相关话题，以及星期天的休闲活动。
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？课文内容：It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. ‘What a day!’ I thought. ‘It's raining again. ’ Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. ‘I've just arrived by train, ’ she said. ‘I'm coming to see you. ’‘But I'm still having breakfast, ’ I said.‘What are you doing?’ she asked.‘I'm having breakfast, ’ I repeated.‘Dear me, ’ she said. ‘Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!’Notes on the text 课文注释1 on Sundays，指每个星期日。
星期几的前面用介词on。
2 What a day！多么糟糕的天气！这是一个省略的感叹句。
完整的句子应该是What a day it is！英语中的感叹句常用what开头，后面紧跟一个名词或名词性短语(包括连系动词)，然后是主语和谓语，句尾用感叹号。
3 I'm coming to see you．在这句话中现在进行时用来表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。
4 Dear me！天哪！这也是一个感叹句。
Lesson 1 A private conversation【New words and expressions】★private① adj. 私人的private life 私生活private school 私立学校② adj. 普通的private citizen 普通公民I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)private soldier 大兵《Private Ryan》《拯救大兵瑞恩》) public adj. 公众的，公开的(private的反义词)public school 公立学校public letter 公开信public place 公共场所privacy n.隐私It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)★conversation n.谈话have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式subject of conversation 话题They are having a conversation.talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人Let’s have a talk.dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈China and Korea are having a dialogue.chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，无关紧要的事。
gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧cinema n.电影院★seat n.座位have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗?请坐的3种说法:Sit down, please. (命令性)Take your seat, please.Be seated, please. (更礼貌)作为动词的seat与sit的区别sit(sat，)vi. 就座He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。
Lesson 1 A private conversation【New words and expressions】★private① adj. 私人的private life 私生活private school 私立学校② adj. 普通的private citizen 普通公民I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)private soldier 大兵《Private Ryan》《拯救大兵瑞恩》) public adj. 公众的，公开的(private的反义词)public school 公立学校public letter 公开信public place 公共场所privacy n.隐私It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)★conversation n.谈话have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式subject of conversation 话题They are having a conversation.talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人Let’s have a talk.dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈China and Korea are having a dialogue.chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，无关紧要的事。
gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧cinema n.电影院★seat n.座位have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗?请坐的3种说法:Sit down, please. (命令性)Take your seat, please.Be seated, please. (更礼貌)作为动词的seat与sit的区别sit(sat，)vi. 就座He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。
新概念英语第二册第2课笔记【原创版】目录一、新概念英语第二册第 2 课的内容概述二、如何有效地学习新概念英语第二册三、新概念英语第二册课文翻译及学习笔记正文一、新概念英语第二册第 2 课的内容概述新概念英语第二册第 2 课是一篇关于早餐和午餐的短文。
文章通过描述作者在不同的星期天早上和午餐时间的生活，表达了作者对周末懒散生活的享受。
文章中涉及了早餐和午餐的食物选择，以及作者在周日的作息规律。
二、如何有效地学习新概念英语第二册1.充分利用教材优势：新概念英语教材具有易入门、课文经典、习题典型等特点，适合自学。
在学习过程中，要重视课文的阅读和理解，以及课后习题的练习。
2.制定合理的学习计划：根据自己的英语基础和时间安排，制定适合的学习计划。
合理分配学习时间，确保每个阶段的学习效果。
3.掌握英语音标：英语音标是英语学习入门的关键内容。
掌握了英语音标的具体读法，可以帮助大家更快速地掌握英语发音，提高英语听力和口语能力。
4.坚持练习：学习新概念英语需要长时间的坚持。
只有通过不断地练习，才能提高英语能力。
在练习过程中，要注重听力、口语、阅读和写作等方面的综合提高。
三、新概念英语第二册课文翻译及学习笔记新概念英语第二册第 2 课的课文翻译如下：早餐还是午餐？这是一个问题。
周日，我通常不会早起。
有时候，我会在床上直到午饭时间。
上个周日，我起得很晚。
我望向窗外，天色很暗。
真是个特别的一天！在学习这篇课文时，可以注意以下几点：1.理解课文内容，熟读课文，掌握关键词和句子。
2.学习课文中的语法结构，如条件句、时态等。
3.积累课文中的实用短语和表达，如“早餐还是午餐？”、“天色很暗”等。
§Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐早餐还是午餐? ? ?【New words and expressions】生词和短语★until1) prep. 直到……时候+ 时间till 直到（多用于口语）from morning till / to night 从早到晚2) conj. 直到……时候+ 句子eg. I stayed in bed until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒，我一直躺在床上。
= I didn’t get up until he woke me up.直到他把我叫醒，我才起床。
until 直到……时候主句中动词为延续性动词not ...until 直到……才主句中动词为非延续性动词eg. I will wait for you until you come back. 我会一直等到你回来。
= I won’t leave until you come back. 直到你回来我是不会走的。
We stayed until the rain stopped. 我们一直呆到雨停为止。
= We didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了我们才出发。
His father didn't die until he came back. (肯定) 直到他回来，他爸爸才死。
= His father was alive until he came back. (否定) 直到他回来为止，他爸爸都是活着的。
把until 作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前，这个动作做了还是没做？做了——肯定；没做——否定。
★outside n. / adj. / adv. / prep. 外面~ inside n. / adj. / adv. / prep. 里面eg. It’s outside my business. 这不关我的事。
untilprep. 直到…时候till 直到（口语）I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtimeThe street is full of cars from morning till/to night. 从早到晚这条街都挤满了车辆conj. 直到…时候（后面接句子）I stayed in bed until be woke me up. 我一直躺在床上，直到他把我叫醒I didn’t get up until he woke me up. 直到他叫我，我才起床注：until 当主句中动词为延续性动词not …until 当主句中的动词为非延续性动词eg. I will wait for you until you come back. 我会一直等到你回来I won’t leave until you come back 你回来之前我不会离开outsiden./adj./adv./prep. 外面n. the outside of the houseadj. an outside toilet 户外厕所outside help 外来的帮助adv. It was dark outside 外面很黑Please wait outside 请在外面等候Don’t go outside because it’s too coldprep. It’s outside my business 这不关我的事反义词：inside n./adj./adv./prep.ringn. 环状物（尤指）戒指a wedding ring 结婚戒指a diamond ring 钻石戒指a gold ring 金戒指dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈ring-road 环状公路ring finger 无名指大拇指：thumb食指：index fingerthe first fingerpointer中指：middle fingerthe second finger无名指：ring fingerthe third finger小拇指：little fingerpinkiev. （铃电话等）响ring – rang – rangThe door bell rang just now. 刚刚门铃响了I rang the bell. 我按下了门铃Will you answer the phone when it rings？电话响的时候你去接好吗？v. 打电话ring sb（up）给某人打电话=call sb （up）=phone sb=telephone sb=give sb a phone callI will ring you later. 我迟些给你打电话ring off ：挂断电话He rang off before I could explain. 我还没解释呢，他就挂断了电话auntn．姑姨婶舅母uncle n. 叔叔舅舅姨夫姑父brother 哥弟sister 姐妹nephew 侄女外甥niece 侄女外甥女cousin 堂（表）兄弟姐妹a country cousin （贬）乡下人乡巴佬repeatv. 重复说或写某物反复重申“I’m having breakfast” I repeatedI repeated the question several times. 这个问题我都重复好几遍了Am I repeating myself？我以前说过这事？repetition n. 重复重说重写neveradv. 从未未成永不I have never been abroad. 我从未出过国Would you do that？你会做那件事吗？Never 绝对不会I never get up before 10 o’clock in mornings. 上午10点之前我从不起床Never fear 不要害怕Never give up 永不放弃Never say die 永不言败Never lose heart 绝不要灰心丧气earlyadj./adv.an early morning 一大早The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟有虫吃I got up early this morning. 今天我起的很早get up 起床go to bed 去睡觉fall asleep 睡着了=go to sleepstay up late 熬夜latelyadv.最近Have you been abroad lately？你最近出国了吗？I bought a new car lately. 我最近买了一辆新车注：lately通常用在现在完成时和一般过去时中look out of 向…外看look out of windowlook out of doorlook into（1）向…里看look into the box（2）调查The police are looking into the case. 警察正在查这件案子Look out！小心Look out！The car early knocked you over. 小心，那辆车差点撞到你What a terrible day！多糟糕的天那What a wonderful day！多好的天啊=What a lovely day！=What a beautiful day！Just then = at the moment 就在那一刻I came here on foot. 我走来的=I walked hereby bus/train/plane(air)/ship(sea water)表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具take a bus/train/plane(air)/ship(sea water)强调动作本身用“take a”加交通工具eg. In order to go to school on time I took a taxi. 为了准时去上学，我打了一辆出租车have breakfastlunchdinnerhave a meal 吃一顿饭Dear me！天呐（Br.）My god！天呐（Am.）it 做虚主语It’s one o’clock 时间It’s cold in winter 气候It’s only me 人It’s a long way from here 距离It’s very dirty here 环境感叹句引导感叹句的词只有：what 修饰名词，强调名词本身how 修饰adj. adv.表示程度结构一：What + a/an (+ adj.) + 可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！注：如果没有形容词，大多指坏得方面，有时也需要看语境语气结构二：What + adj. + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词（+主语+——谓语）！结构三：How + adj./adv. (+主语+谓语)结构四：How + adj. + a/an +可数名词单数+ （主语+谓语）注：如果没有adj. 或adv.就不能用how 引导复数名词一般有what 引导Eg.(1)This is a wonderful garden.What a wonderful garden this is!How wonderful a garden this is!(2)This is a surprise.What a surprise this is!(不能用how 引导，因为没有adj. adv.)(3)He is causing a lot of trouble.What a lot of trouble he is causing!(4)They are wonderful actors.What wonderful actors they are!(复数名词一般用what 引导)(5)She is a hard-working woman.What a hard-working woman she is!How hard-working a woman she is!(6)It is a tall building.What a tall building it is!How tall a building it is!(7)It is a terrible film.What a terrible film it is!How terrible a film it is!(8)Y ou are a clever boy.What a clever boy you are!How clever you are!(9)She is a pretty girl.What a pretty girl she is!How pretty a girl she is(10)H e is a strange guy.What a strange guy he is!How strange a guy he is!(11)S he is a lovely girl.What a lovely girl she is!How lovely a girl she is!(12)T his is an interesting play.What an interesting play this is!How interesting an play this is!(13)H e is a rude fellow.What a rude fellow he is!How rude a fellow he is!。
Lesson 2Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐7-17-2014New words and expressions until prep 直到outside adv 外面ring--rang--rang v （铃，电话等）响aunt n 姑，姨，婶，舅母repeat v 重复until 1prep 直到…的时候till 直到（多用于口语）egI sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺倒吃午饭的时候。
（until lunchtime 直到吃午饭的时间）egThe street is full of cars from morning till night.这条街上从早到晚的挤The street is full of cars from morning to night.2conj 直到…时候（后面加句子）egI stayed in bed until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我一直躺在床上。
eg I didn`t get up until he woke meuntil 主句中动词为延续性动词not…until 主句中动词为非延续性动词eg I will wait for you until you come back. 我会等到你回来。
（wait 是可以延续的动作）eg I won`t leave until you come back. 直到你回来我是不会离开的。
(leave 是瞬间完成的动作，非延续性）eg We stay until tha rain stopped. 我们待到雨停。
（stay 是可以延续的动作）eg We didn`t start until the rian stopped. 直到雨停我们才出发。
(start 是瞬间完成的动作，非延续性）outside n/adj/adv/prep 在外面反义词 inside 在里面n/adj/adv/prepeg The outside of the house.房子的外面（outside 做n ）eg an outside toilet 户外的厕所（outside 做adj ，修饰n ）eg Outside help.外来的帮助。
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?【New words and expressions】生词和短语（5）until prep. 直到 outside adv. 外面aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母 repeat v. 重复ring v. （铃、电话等）响（rang, rung）★until prep.直到until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。
在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻： I’ll wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5 点钟。
His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的.在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”： She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。
His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回来,他爸爸才死. until（后的从句）的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做？做了前面的主句用肯定；没做前面的主句用否定。
For he ( A(C) )(wait) until it stopped raining.A. waitedB. didn't waitA. leaveB. leftC. didn't leaveI stay in bed until twelve o'clock. I didn't get up until 12 o'clock. ★outside adv. 外面（作状语）He is waiting for me outside. It is cold outside.★ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响① vt. 鸣，(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事) Every morning the clock rings at 6. The telephone(door bell) is ringing. 而风铃等响要用jingle['dʒɪŋg!]，jingle (bell) (铃儿) 响叮当② vt. 打电话给（美语中用call）ring sb. 给某人打电话 Tomorrow I'll ring you.③ n. （打）电话give sb. a ring Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me.④ n. 戒指★aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)男性则是uncle: 叔叔他们的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)cousin的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女★repeat v. 重复① vt. 重复Will you repeat the last word? They are repeating that wonderful paly.② vi. 重做，重说Please repeat after me. Don’t repeat.【Text】It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. …What a day!' I thought. …It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. …I've justarrived by train,' she said. …I'm coming to see you.'…But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.…What are you doing?' she asked.…I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.…Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!' 参考译文：那是个星期天, 而在星期天我是从来不早起的, 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候. 上个星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天气!”我想, “又下雨了. “正在这时, 电话铃响了. 是我姑母露西打来的. “我刚下火车, “她说, “我这就来看你.”“但我还在吃早饭,”我说.“你在干什么?”她问道.“我正在吃早饭,”我又说了一遍.“天啊,”她说, “你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1 点钟了!”【课文讲解】1、It was Sunday.it 指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语”（empty subject）。
单词学习1. until1) prep.直到…..时候till直到（多用于口语）eg. I sometimes st ay in bed until lunchtime.有时候我一直躺到吃午饭的时候。
eg. The street is full of cars from morning till /to night.这条街从早到晚都挤满了车辆2) conj.直到……时候（后面加句子）eg. I st ayed in bed until he woke me up.我一直躺在床上，直到他叫醒我。
eg. I did n’t get up until he woke me up.直到他叫醒我。
我才起床。
以上两句话含义是一致的。
until主句中动词为延续性动词not……until主句中动词为非延续性动词stay是延续性动词get up瞬间就完成的动作，是非延续性动词eg. I will wait for you until you come back.我会一直等到你回来。
eg. I won’t l eave until you come back.直到你回来我才会走。
eg. We stayed until the rain stopped.我们一直待到雨停为止。
eg. We did’t start until the rain stopped.直到雨停了，我们才出发。
2. outsid e n./adj./adv./prep1) n.eg. the outsid e of the home房子的外面2) adj.eg. an outsid e toil et房外的厕所eg. outsid e help外来的帮助3) adv.eg. It was dark outsid e.外面很黑eg. Pl ease wait outsime.请在外面等候。
eg. Don’t go outsid e because it’s too col d.不要出去，因为外面太冷。
4) prep.eg. It’s outsid e my business.这不关我的事。
反义词：insid e n./adj./adv. /prep.3. ring1) n.环状物，（尤指）戒指a wed ding ring结婚戒指a diamond ring钻戒a gol d ring金戒指dark rings around her eyes黑眼圈ring-road环状公路ring finger=the third finger无名指大拇指：thumb食指：ind ex finger = the first finger = pointer中指：mid dl e finger = the second finger小拇指：littl e finger = pinkiehave a ring on the mid dl e finger（engaged订婚）have a ring on the third finger（married已婚）2)（铃，电话等）响ring-----rang----rungeg. The d oor bell rang just now.刚刚门铃响了。
eg. I rang the bell.我按响了门铃。
eg. Will you answer the phone when it rings.电话铃响了，你去接电话好吗？3) v. ( U.S. call )打电话ring sb. (up)给某人打电话call sb. (up)给某人打电话phone sb. 给某人打电话tel ephone sb.给某人打电话give sb. a phone call给某人打电话eg. I’ll ring you later.我会迟些给你打电话。
ring off : put d own the receiver; hang off 挂断电话eg. He rang off before I coud explain.我还没解释，他就挂断电话aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅母uncl e 叔叔，舅舅，姨夫，姑父brother哥，弟sister姐妹nephew侄子，外甥女niece堂（表）兄弟姐妹cousineg. a country cousin3. repeat v. ( say or write again , more than once )（贬）乡下人，乡巴佬eg. “ I’m having breakfast , ” I repeated我重复说：“我正在吃早饭呢。
”eg. I repeated the question several times.这个问题我重复好几遍了。
eg. Am I repeating myself?我以前说过这件事吗？repetition n.重复，反复，重说，重写l earn by repetition 通过反复学习课文讲解(on Sundays 每逢星期日never 从未，未曾，永不eg. I have never been abroad. 我从没出过国。
eg. Would you do that? 你会做那件事吗？Never 绝不会做。
eg. I never get up befor 10 o’clock in mornings. 我从未在上午10钟前起床eg. Never fear. 别害怕Never give up. 永不放弃Never say die. 永不言败Never lose heart 决不要灰心丧气early adj./adv.an early morning 一大早eg. The early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登eg. I got up early this morning. 今天早晨我起得早。
stay in bed 躺在床上stay at home 呆在家里sometimes 有时候some times 几次；几倍（老猴子注：此为中式英语，地道英语应为：several times）some tome 一段时间sometime 将来或过去的某个时候eg. I will be somebody sometime in the future. 总有一天我将成为大人物。
get up 起床go to bed 去睡觉fall asleep 睡着了go to sleep睡着了late adj./adv.eg. I’m sorry for being late. 对不起我迟到了。
eg. I get up very late. 我起床很晚。
stay up late 熬夜，醒着，不去睡lately: recently 最近eg. Have you been abroad lately? 你最近出过国吗？eg. I bought a new car lately? 最近我买了辆新车？lately 通常用在现在完成时和一般过去时中look out of 向……外看look out of the window 向窗外看look out of the door 向门外看look into1) 向…..里看look into the box 朝盒子里面看2)调查eg. The police are looking into the case. 警察正在调查这个案件。
Look out！小心，当心eg. Look out! The car nearly knocked you over. 当心，这车差点撞到你了。
What a day! 感叹句What a terrible day! 多糟糕的天气呀！What a wonderful day! 天气多好啊！What a lovely day! 天气多好啊！What a beautiful day! 天气多好啊！Just then : at that moment 就在那时It 是虚主语by train 坐火车by bus 做公交车by plane / by air 乘飞机by ship / by sea / by water 乘船by car 开车来的on foot 步行eg. I came here on foot. ( I walked here. ) 我走来的。
eg. We got into the mountain on horseback. 我们骑马上山。
take a train 乘坐火车take a bus / take a car 乘车take a plane 乘飞机take a ship 乘船eg. In order to go to school on time, I took a taxi. 为了准时上学，我打了一辆车。
I’m coming to see you. 我就来看你。
用进行时表示将来时have breakfast 吃早餐have lunch 吃午饭have supper 吃晚饭have dinner 吃正餐have a meal 吃一顿饭Dear me! 天啊！My God! 天啊( U.S.)Good heavens! 天啊！Goodness me! 天啊！It 做虚主语It’s one o’clock. （时间）It’s cold in winter. （气候）It’s only me. （人）It’s a long way from…..（距离）It’s very dirty here. （环境）。
