2013届高考英语第一轮精讲精练复习12

考点12 动词ing（核心考点精讲精练）1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型动词ing语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷//2024·新课标II卷Recalling作状语2024·全国乙卷//2024·全国甲卷//2024·年北京卷knocking作状语20232023·新课标I卷wanting 作主语补足语2023·新课标II卷visiting作定语2023·全国乙卷Having visited；作状语Recording 作宾语2023·全国甲卷borrowing 作状语2023·年北京卷facing 作后置定语20222022·新课标I卷Covering作状语2022·新课标II卷falling 作定语2022·全国乙卷inviting 作状语2022·全国甲卷planning 作状语2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于动词ing的考查共计12次，主要考查：1．动词ing作的句法功能（主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补）；2．动词ing的一些固定搭配、固定句型；3. 动词ing的各种形式及其意义。

【备考策略】1.系统归类动词ing的用法;2.熟练掌握动词ing的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是动词ing的一些固定搭配和固定句型。

【命题预测】预测2025年高考语法填空和短文改错对动词ing考查仍然会成为的热点、重点和难点，尤其是考查动词ing一些固定搭配和固定句型；V-ing与V-ed的辨析仍然是考查重点。

必备基础知识：1）非谓语动词是具有动词的特征，因此它有时态的变化、语态的变化，各种形式具有自己的意义。

动词ing的各种形式非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生2）非谓语动词的句法功能：功能形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√V-ing√√√√√√V-ed√√√√3）动词ing的基本意义现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。

备战高考英语总复习精讲精练考点十二个人、家庭、社区及学校生活距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高三复习方法。

第一步精准刷题阅读A(2021·八省联考)Non-Credit CoursesThe Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses. Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our college's leading experts and will receive written feedback(反馈)on their work at the end of the course. Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 am-11:30 am daily and may have additional requirements in the afternoons or evenings.COURSE: Case Studies in Neuroscience●June 11-July 2●Leah RoeschUsing student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed. to provide a fuller understanding of how the human brain works.COURSE: Psychology of Creativity●June 15-June 28●Marshall DukeWhy are certain people so creative? Is it genetic(遗传的)，or a result of childhood experience? Are they different from everyone else? This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.COURSE: Creative Storytelling●June 21-July 3●Edith FreniThis college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that appear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.COURSE: Sports Economics●July 19-August 1●Christina DePasqualeIn this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry: sports leagues, ticket pricing, salary negotiations, discrimination,and NCAA policies to name a few.1.Who is the text intended for?A. The general public.B. College freshmen.C. Educational experts.D. High school students.2.Which course can you take if you are free only in June?A. Sports Economics.B. Creative Storytelling,C. Psychology of Creativity.D. Case Studies in Neuroscience.3.Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?A. Leah Roesch's.B. Edith Freni's.C. Marshall Duke's.D. Christina DePasquale's.答案:篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文`1。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校专题12 状语从句一、状语从句概览二、语法详解在复合句中作状语的从句叫做状语从句。

状语从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。

1.时间状语从句1．when, while和as引导的时间状语从句连词含义用法when当……时候可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生while当……时候只可与延续性动词连用；侧重于主句动作与从句动作相对比as一边……一边……；随着常与延续性动词连用；从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生1.Researchers in Britain found that when French music wasplayed, sales of French wines went up.2.While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words andimages.3.As he grew older, he became less active.[特别注意] 如果主句表示的是非延续性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，则when, while与as可互换使用。

When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.2．表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语引导的时间状语从句(1)有的名词(短语)或副词可引导时间状语从句，如：the moment, theminute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly,instantly等，另外as soon as也可引导时间状语从句，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。

For example, the moment you get on the airplane, startadjusting your biological clock to the destination's time.The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard.(2)在hardly/scarcely ... when和no sooner ... than ...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。

第12讲谓语动词的被动语态（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题谓语动词的被动语态考点细目表时间卷次语法填空/短文改错/单项选择2023年新高考I卷语法填空: /新高考II卷语法填空: /全国甲卷语法填空: be employed短文改错： /全国乙卷语法填空: /短文改错：/北京卷语法填空: /浙江卷语法填空: were permitted天津卷单项选择:2022年新高考I卷语法填空: is designed新高考II卷语法填空: /全国甲卷语法填空: /短文改错： /全国乙卷语法填空: /短文改错：去掉have后的been。

北京卷语法填空: /浙江卷语法填空: is viewed或has been viewed天津卷单项选择: were distributed2021年新高考I卷语法填空: /新高考II卷语法填空: /全国甲卷语法填空: was built短文改错：/全国乙卷语法填空:/短文改错：/北京卷语法填空: /浙江卷语法填空: was painted；is considered天津卷单项选择: are being displayed；had been offered2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年对于谓语动词被动语态的考查点：1.一般现在时的被动语态；2.一般过去时的被动语态；3.现在进行时的被动语态；4.现在完成时的被动语态。

【备考策略】1. 掌握被动语态的基本时态变化；2. 掌握被动语态的特殊结构形式；3. 掌握不能用被动语态的几种情况；4. 掌握主动形式表示被动意义的情况。

【命题预测】预计2024年高考谓语动词语态仍将是考查的重点和难点，考查形式仍以语法填空和短文改错题型为主，很可能会与动词的时态及其他的语法点结合起来进行考查。

考点一被动语态的基本时态变化一、被动语态基本形式和意义被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。

各种时态的被动语态形式为（以do为例）：被动语态的特殊结构形式(1)含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。

【试卷总评】2013年全国新课标I卷高考试题总体难度适中，没有偏题、怪题。

单项填空考查知识全面，题干简洁、明快，容易理解；完形填空考查的是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了作者参加了一次周日残疾体验活动，通过对自己几个小时使用轮椅的详细记叙，说明了残疾人生活的不易。

文章的最后给我们这样的启示：残疾人必须要克服心理和身体上的挑战。

故事情节清晰，逻辑性强，易于理解；阅读理解总体难度适中，没有过难的文章；阅读文章体裁广泛包括：应用文、记叙文、科技说明文和议论文。

但阅读语篇的难度是由难到易，D篇最简单，这可能会对考生在考场上造成压力。

7选5很好地考查学生的语境理解和综合概括能力，以及议论文的写作方法。

写作是一篇应用文。

写信是中学生最熟悉的事，这种形式的写作贴近学生生活，使他们有话可说。

总之，2013年全国新课标I卷是一套难度适中的试卷。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将在试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19. 15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C。

1. What does the man want to do?A. Take photos.B. Buy a camera.C. Help the woman.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A noisy nightB. Their life in townC. A place of living.3. Where is the man now?A. On his way.B. In a restaurant.C. At home4. What will Celia do?A. Find a player.B. Watch a game.C. Play basketball.5. What day is it when the conversation takes place?A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.第二节（共15小题：每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

I.重点单词聚焦 1． A serious lack of water is a real ______（ 屏障，障碍 ） for people wanting to settle in thedesert.答案： barrier2．My toothache is ______ （难以忍受的 ），so I must go to see my dentist.答案： unbearable3． Although it was a ______（ 复杂的 ） problem ， he solved it in a very simple way.答案： complex4．As everybody knows ，cancer doesn 't show any ______ 症__状（ ） in its early stages.答案： symptoms5．These days ，I can ' t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great _____ 压_（力 ） on me.答案： pressure6．The bridge was damaged by a flood ， so a ______ （临时的 ） one was built in its place.答案： temporary7． The heart is one of the most important _____ （ 器官 ） in our bodies.答案： organs8． When the doctor applied the _____ （ 绷带） to my eyes I couldn't see anything. 答案： bandage9． Last week ， Mr Black attended his son 答案： ceremonyan _______ （救护车 ）．答案： ambulance n .重点短语扫描1． first2． electric3． over and over4． a of Unit 5 First aids graduation __ 典__礼__） ．（10． The old man that suffered a heartattack was immediately taken to hospital by急救 触电；电休克 反复；多次 若干；许多5．carry6．...from/against 7．fall8．squeezeaid shock again number out protect 进行，开展保护……以免受侵害生病榨出；挤出illout9．place 在适当的位置；适当10．one' s hands on 找到11．belong 属于12．make a 有影响，产生差别inputtodifference川.课文原句突破1．除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。

简单句的五种基本结构正确的英语句子都要符合一定的语法结构要求。

英语句子的结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。

英语句子都可以看作是这五种句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装构成的。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础，也是学好其他语法知识的前提。

英语五种基本句型结构如下：用符号表示为：①ＳＶ（主＋谓）②ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）③ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）④ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）⑤ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）主语（subject）谓语（predicate）宾语（object）定语（attribute）状语 (adverbial) 补语（complement）表语（predicative）考点1. 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语。

如:It is raining now. (ＳＶ)We’ve worked for 5 hours. (ＳＶ) The meeting lasted half an hour. (ＳＶ)Time flies. (ＳＶ)练习1. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

1.Dark clo uds hung overhead.( )2.Gradually a smile appeared on herface. ( )3.He is smiling all over his face.( )4.I did well in English. ( )5.He talked loudly in the classroomyesterday. ( )考点2. 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。

She likes English.We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday.练习2. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I settled in Chicago, my new city seemed so big and unfriendly. Then I had a 36 problem and had to go to hospital for a 37 examination.It seemed a small 38 compared to the one I was about to face, but things started to go 39 right from the beginning, Not having a car or 40 the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B, 41 I‟d left myself plenty of time, soon it was 42 I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the 43 direction.I 44 the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do, I look into the eyes of a 45 who was trying to get past me, 46 instead of moving on ,she stopped to ask if I was 47 , After I explained my 48 to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street, where a bus would take me back into the city to my 49 Sitting there waiting, I felt 50 that someone had been willing to help, 51 , hearing a horn（喇叭）nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend 52 at me to get in, She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital.Such unexpected 54 from a passer-by was a lovely gift to receive, As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose 55 , for all things are possible.36. A. physical B. traveling C. social D. housing37. A. scientific B. final C. previous D. thorough38. A. chance B. challenge C. success D. error39. A. wrong B. easy C. fast D. ahead40. A. leaving B. visiting C. knowing D. appreciating41. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. Once42. A. strange B. necessary C. obvious D. important43. A. same B. right C. general D. opposite44. A. looked at B. waited for C. got off D. ran into45. A. driver B. friend C. stranger D. gentleman46. A. Especially B. Surprisingly C. Probably D. Normally47. A. nervous B. excited C. OK D. dangerous48. A. idea B. motivation C. excuse D. situation49. A. appoingment B. apatrment C. direction D. station50. A. atraid B. grateful C. certain D. disappointed51. A. Thus B. Then C. Perhaps D. Surely52. A. staring B. laughing C. waving D. shouting53. A. lift B. suggestion C. bike D. guidebook54. A. results B. news C. kindness D. appearance55. A. power B. faith C. touch D. support“What‟s it like to have a gap between a gap between your teeth?” a girl asked me one day.Nobody had ever 36 before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for 37 , I realized she was no t trying to be rude. “I never think about it,” I truthfully replied. She nodded and turned away. I was left wondering if people 38 me and saw only gappy teeth.Later that day at home, I began to 39 my teeth again. I felt upset, I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have!Of course, Mom 40 everything. She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was noting to 41 . When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important.…“Let‟s be 42 , though,” she said. “If everyone got surgeries to become pretty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences.”Her 43 made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 44 .Nowadays many people do ridi culous things to realize their dream of “perfection.” The 45 is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for 46 .So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 47 , I would truthfully answer, “You know? It‟s really cute.”36. A. faced B. guessed C. asked D. imagined37. A. an offer B. an answer C. a suggestion D. a result38. A. heard of B. thought of C. talked about D. looked at39. A. consider B. Brush C. cover D. appreciate40. A. admitted B. noticed C. controlled D. changed41. A. worry about B. put off C. give up D. wipe out42. A. friendly B. lovely C. honest D. helpful43. A. words B. jokes C. dreams D. acts44. A. ability B. decision C. goal D. identity45. A. possibility B. purpose C. truth D. choice46. A. courage B. wisdom C. kindness D. beauty47. A. once B. again C. too D. instead2012湖南高考真题AWhat makes a gift special? Is it the price you see on the gift receipt? Or is it the look on the recipient's face when they receive it that determines the true value? What gift is worth the most?This Christmas I was debating what to give my father. My dad is a hard person to buy for because he never wants anything. I pulled out my phone to read a text message from my mom saying that we were leaving for Christmas shopping for him when I came across a message on my phone that I had locked. The message was from my father. My eyes fell on a photo of a flower taken in Wyoming, and underneath a poem by William Blake. The flower, a lone dandelion standing against the bright blue sky, inspired me. My dad had been reciting those words to me since 1 was a kid. That may even be the reason why 1 love writing. I decided that those words would be my gift to my father.I called back. I told my mom to go without me and that I already created my gift. I sent the photo of the cream-colored flower to my computer and typed the poem on top of it. As I was arranging the details another poem came to mind. The poem was written by Edgar Allan Poe; my dad recited it as much as he did the other. I typed that out as well and searched online for a background to the words of it. The poem was focused around dreaming, and after searching I found the perfect picture. The image was painted with blues and greens and purples, twisting together to create the theme and wonder of a dream. As I watched both poems passing through the printer, the white paper coloring with words that shaped my childhood, I felt that this was a gift that my father would truly appreciate.Christmas soon arrived. The minute I saw the look on my dad's face as he unwrapped those swirling black letters carefully placed in a cheap frame, I knew I had given the perfect gift.56. The idea for a special gift began to form when the author was_______.A. doing shoppingB. having a debateC. reading a messageD. leaving for Wyoming57. The author's inspiration for the gift came from________.A. a photo of a flowerB. a story about a kidC. a call from the motherD. a text about Christmas58. The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to a poem by________.A. the fatherB. the authorC. William BlakeD. Edgar Allan Poe59. The author made the gift by__________.A. searching for the poems onlineB. drawing the background by handC. painting the letters in three colorsD. matching the words with pictures60. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To show how to design images for gifts.B. To suggest making gifts from one's heart.C. To explain how computers help create gifts.D. To describe the gifts the author has received.How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each other‟s lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren‟t getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesn‟t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns don‟t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.63. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_______”.A. in a different family environmentB. in a different family traditionC. in different family crisesD. in different families64. In terms of language development, later-borns ________.A. get their parents‟ individual guidanceB. learn a lot from their elder siblingsC. experience a lot of difficultiesD. pick up words more quickly65. What was found about fights among siblings?A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.66. The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “_______”.A. having qualities of parentsB. having qualities of womenC. having defensive qualitiesD. having extraordinary qualitiesThree Boys and a DadBrad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. -This will be li ke a walk .n the park, he‟d told his wife. "I'll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.Things started well, but just after eight o'clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex-came down the stairs in their night clothes and shout ed “breakfast, daddy " When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex's head as if it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in tune to the beat (节拍). Mike chanted "Where's my toast, where's my toast in the background. Brad realised his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy's underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, although they were before their very eyes. Someone named "Not Me" had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o'clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the family room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realised that the talk show was over and reading would be impossibleAt exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare center(日托所). “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife's away. Can 1 bring the boys over in a few minutes?”The answer was obviously "yes" because Brad was smiling.49. When his wife left home. Brad expected to ___________.A. go out for a walk in the parkB. watch TV talk show with his childrenC. enjoy his first day off workD. read the newspaper to his children50. Which of the following did Randy do?A. Drawing on the wallB. Eating apple jam.C. Feeding the fish.D. Reading in a room.51. Why did Brad ask the daycare centre for help?A. Because he wanted to clean up his house.B. Because he suddenly had to go to his office.C. Because he found it hard to manage his boys.D. Because he had to take his wife back home.52. This text is developed ____________.A. by spaceB. by comparisonC. by processD. by time36-40. ADBAC 41-45. ACDCC 46-50. BCDAB 51-55. BCACB 2012湖南高考真题36-40. CBDAB 41-45. ACADC 46-47. DB2012湖南高考真题56-60. CADDB2012湖北高考真题63-66. ABDB2012陕西高考真题49-52. CBCD。

【名师导学系列】2013年高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习学案配套练习【选修七】Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Taking regular exercise and having a healthy________(饮食)are good for your health. 2．We aim to offer good service to all our________(顾客)．3．The water in some western parts is so________(有限的)that people only get three cups of water every day.4．You should ________(权衡)the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job.5．As is known，one of the many________(好处)of adventure travel is teaching the children how to cope with the unexpected.6．She usually________(结合)creative imagination with intelligence to create some wonders. Ⅱ.易错模块1．________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend.A．With B．BesidesC．As for D．Because of2．John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________，he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishingC．having finished D．was finished3．I couldn’t do my homework with all those noise________.A．going on B．goes onC．went on D．to go on4．(2008年高考福建卷)You have no idea how she finished the relay race________her foot wounded so much.A．for B．whenC．with D．while5．(2008年高考上海卷)If there’s a lot of work________，I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished.A．to do B．to be doingC．done D．doingⅢ.情景交际1．(高考福建卷)—Bruce，I really appreciate your handwriting.—________.A．I practise every dayB．Thank you very muchC．No，I don’t think soD．Well，it’s not good enough2.(高考福建卷)—Your mum is very kind.—Yeah. My mum is pretty considerate，you know what______，she always arranges everything around me.A．she means B．you meanC．I mean D．we mean3．(高考浙江卷)—Hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself.Everything OK?—________.A．I’m fine，thanks B．Sure，it isC．That’s good D．It’s OK4．(高考宁夏·海南，全国卷Ⅰ)—It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand?—________.A．No，thanks B．Yes，my pleasureC．No，never mind D．Yes，I doⅣ.语法专练1．Although this________sound like a simple task，great care is needed.A．must B．mayC．shall D．should2．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?—You________do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A．don’t have to B．oughtn’t toC．mustn’t D．can’t3．—Guess what！I have got A for my term paper.—Great！You________read widely and put a lot of work into it.A．must B．shouldC．must have D．should have4．(山西大同学情调研)—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.—You________.Yo u haven’t been in touch with him for a long time.A．should B．willC．may D．have to5．—Listen！Someone is knocking at the door.—It________be Mary；she has just left for Guangzhou.A．mustn’t B．can’tC．needn’t D．may notⅠ.单项填空1．—Does coffee really work when you have to work late into night?—Yes. As far as I’m concerned，I feel very________after a coffee.A．energetic B．normalC．adequate D．sensitive2．If he________quietly as the doctor instructed，he would not suffer so much now. A．lies B．layC．had lain D．should lie3．—You are very fond of eating barbecued mutton kebabs.—Yes.Personally，nothing can be________.Would you like one?A．good B．wellC．better D．best4．As we all know，no one is perfect，and everyone has his own________. A．mistake B．weaknessC．limit D．belief5．Mr.Smith________his living by teaching ten years ago and he________greatly from his work. A．earned；earned B．earned；gainedC．gained；gained D．gained；earned6．The student________from the training so much that he was________the first prize in the event. A．benefited；benefited B．awarded；awardedC．awarded；benefited D．benefited；awarded7．—Hello！May I speak to Jack，please?—Yes，speaking.—Oh，I________your voice at first.A．don’t recognise B．didn’t recogniseC．hadn’t recognised D．haven’t recognised8．There is no possibility________he will keep his word. He is always telling lies.A．how B．whetherC．when D．that9．If you just spend time________advantages and disadvantages，you may get nothing in the end. A．matching B．balancingC．observing D．examining10．—Why don’t we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our Olympic players? —________A．Because we haven’t got enough preparations.B．Good idea!C．It’s all because of the terrible weather.D．Not all would like to attend it.Ⅱ.完形填空(南通一模)I live in New Mexico，and there are some homeless people in the downtown，especially the university area.I__1__give a lot of money to the homeless，__2__sorry for their hardship.__3__as time passed，I__4__the same situations as the homeless people. I became a__5__mom with no home, a huge debt，and __6__any income.As a result，I became very__7__and stopped giving to the people on the side of the road.Through my working hard，things started to__8__for me. I became responsible enough to__9__a home with a backyard for my daughter，and plenty of__10__，and I started to pull myself out of__11__.One day we saw a homeless person in the street，I just passed by.Then my daughter said，“Mommy，you used to give money to those people__12__.But now...”I replied，“Honey，they just use that money for bad things.”She didn’t__13__.But when I said that，I didn’t feel right. Three days later, I was driving to pick up my daughter from school. A man was standing on the__14__and suddenly something deep__15__me said，“Just help the guy.”So I rolled down my__16__，and he ran over with enthusiasm. He said，“God bless you, I only need 77 cents.”I gave him the money he needed.I felt strange and __17__as I gave it to him. He burst out with__18__and tears in his eyes，“Wow，you just made it possible for me to see my mom for Christmas！Thank you so much！I haven’t__19__my mother for three years. The bus is leaving in 20 minutes! I have to go now.”It was the moment that I’ll never forget. I think that man won’t forget it either, but I was the one who got the best gift in life—__20__. It also strikes me although it is only 77 cents.1．A.would like to B．used toC．preferred to D．wanted to2．A.being B．gettingC．feeling D．becoming3．A.But B．SoC．And D．Yet4．A.ran into B．ran downC．ran over D．ran to5．A.rich B．singleC．wild D．happy6．A.little B．noC．almost D．hardly7．A.unkind B．rudeC．kind D．mean8．A.develop B．increaseC．succeed D．change9．A.give B．offerC．have D．supply10．A.money B．furnitureC．food D．water11．A.order B．debtC．pay D．fee12．A.in need B．in difficultiesC．out of work D．out of order13．A.listen B．speakC．talk D．respond14．A.street B．cornerC．side D．road15．A.under B．toC．inside D．towards16．A.window B．doorC．seat D．hand17．A.excited B．wonderedC．surprised D．asked18．ughter B．cryC．happiness D．joy19.A.watched B．visitedC．missed D．called20．A.giving B．offeringC．money D．havingⅢ.阅读理解A(重庆南开中学一模)Weighing too much can damage your health，and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world.Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds. In the United States today, some 9 million children over the age of 6 are obese(too fat)．Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more，but scientists have had a tough time determining“Which came first，the chicken or the egg？” says Julie C. Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words，it hasn’t been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios(情况)seemed equally possible.To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and his colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade,18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese. The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students’ race or gender. It also didn’t ma tter how strict their parents were. Obesity struck all of these groups equally.Instead，sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the 3 years of the study, the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleep a night. Some kids, however，slept a lot more—or less—than others. For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9.5 hour average was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity by third grade.“I expected we’d find that this(sleep link with obesity) was just a_bunch_of_bunk，”says Lumeng，a pediatrician. But their findings were convincing. No matter how her team looked at the link，“we couldn’t make it go away.”1．According to the research，________.A．9 million people in America have a weight problemB．not enough sleep contributes to a gain in weightC．sixth graders need more sleep than third gradersD．lack of sleep has become the most deadly killer2．The statement “W hich came first，the chicken or the egg？” suggests that________. A．scientists are sure about the causes of children’s obesityB．it’s easy to decide the cause and effect of this problemC．scientists are still confused about the cause and effect of the problemD．you’ll develop obesity if you eat chicken and eggs3．Recent studies show that a child’s weight is influenced by the________.A．amount of sleep B．parents’ attitude to himC．race or gender D．performance in school4．The underlined part in the last paragraph most probably means something________. A．acceptable B．understandableC．reliable D．unreasonableB(重庆一中期中测试)Doomed beauties such as Cleopata and Manilyn Monroe were far from alone in their misery. Very attractive people tend to form partnerships that are less stable and satisfying than those enjoyed by plain_Janes .According to the research by Dr John Blaine of the University of Southern California, relationships between people whose professions largely depend on their appearance, such asmodels or actors, tend to end much faster than those between lawyers, doctors and students. Blaine said the beautiful felt different from children. They are treated as special, which may create both arrogance (傲慢)and insecurity. All too often, beauty can be used as an alternative to education. Often they are pushed out of their class or town, told to go off and make their fortune in Hollywood or London and, when the majority fail, they have few talents to make a living.Blain e added that beautiful people score poorly on the “big five”—the key factors American experts consider when helping distressed couples. These are neuroticism(神经过敏)，including anger and anxiety; extroversion(性格外向)；openness to new experiences; agreeableness; conscientiousness, and sticking by agreements they have made. Attractive people often see no reason to try to change until their looks start to fade.Krista Sutherlanf, of the University of California Los Angeles, said partnerships that appeared to be perf ect from the outside, such as the former “dream teams” of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise or Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley, where backgrounds and aspirations(抱负) are often shared ，did not necessarily lead to happiness.【解题导语】本文为议论文，作者论证了这样一个观点：美女并不幸福。

第一章英语句子结构和成分分析英语属于结构性语言。

英语的句子成分要按照特定的顺序（句子结构）来组织。

特定的句子成分要用特定的词性或语法结构来充当，特定的词性或语法结构只能充当特定的成分。

因此，要学好英语，一定要掌握好词性、句子成分和句子结构等内容。

学好这些内容是学习好其他语法知识的基础。

第1讲相关概念考点1. 词性的英文缩写在英语学习中，掌握单词词性非常重要。

如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话，我们就不知道如何使用它们，所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。

缩写字母原词代表词性n. noun 名词v. verb 动词vt.transitive verb 及物动词vi.intransitive verb 不及物动词modal v. modal verb 情态动词aux. v. auxiliary verb 助动词adj.adjective 形容词adv.adverb 副词num. numeral 数词interj. interjection感叹词pron. pronoun 代词prep.preposition 介词art. article 冠词conj conjunction 连词口诀：n.为名，v.为动；adv.副adj.形；prep.借，pron.代；num.数a rt.冠，conj.连interj.感叹考点2. 及物动词和不及物动词实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。

实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。

The door opened.(open后面没跟宾语，此时，open是不及物动词。

) He opened the door.(open后面有宾语the door, 此时，open是及物动词。

)注意：英语中一个动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，关键是看它用在句中时后面是否跟宾语。

A.有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，词义相同。

如：The meeting began at six. < vi.>We began the meeting at six. < vt.>B.有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但词义不同。