轮机英语专业词汇.doc

Vocabularyabandon vt．放弃，抛弃，遗弃abbreviation n．缩写abnormal a．不正常的，反常的，不规则的，变态的，畸形的abrasion n．磨损，剥蚀abrasive a．有磨蚀作用的，磨损的；n．磨料，金刚砂，研磨剂absence n．缺席，缺乏，没有absolute a．绝对的，完全的，独立的absorb v．吸收，使全神贯注absorbent n．吸收剂，吸附材料absorption n．吸收，吸附作用accelerate v．加速，促进acceptable a．可接受的，合意的，可忍受的access n．通道，入口，使用权accessible a．可进入的，可使用的，易受影响的accident n．事故，意外事件，机遇accidental a．事故的，偶然的，意外的，附带的，次要的，临时的accommodate v．容纳，使适应，调节accommodation n．适应性调节，调和，舱室accompany v．陪伴，陪同accomplish vt．完成，贯彻，实现accordance n．一致，符合account n．账目，账单accumulate v．积聚，堆积accumulation n．积累，堆聚物accumulator n．贮存器，空气瓶，蓄电池accuracy n．精确度accurate a．准确的，精确的acetylene n．乙炔acid n．酸，酸类物质acidity n．酸性acquire v．获得，学到，捕获(卫星)activate v．使活动，触发active a．发展旺盛的(气象用语)，活性的，有效的actuator n．调节器，执行器addition n．附加物additional a．附加的，另外的，额外的additive ①n．添加剂；②a．附加的，累积的address n．地址，演说adequate a．充分的，足够的adequately ad．充分地，足够地，适当地adhesion n．粘附力adjacent a．相邻的，邻近的，毗连的adjust v．调整adjustable a．可调整的，可调节的adjustment n．调节，调整，校正administer v．管理，操作administration n．主管机关，行政，管理administrator n．管理人，治理者，行政官’admission n．接纳，容许，承认，进入，进气，进给，输入adoption n．选用，采用，采纳advance v．提前，前进，提高；n．前进，进展，行过的路程advantage n．优点，便利，优势adversely ad．逆向地，反对地advise v．通知，报告aeration n．曝气，通风aerator n．充气装置，鼓风机aft a．尾部的，后端的after cooler n．后冷却器，烟气冷却器agent n．代理人，代理商aground a．搁浅，地面上aid n．帮助，救护alarm ①v．报警；②n．报警器alien a．外国的，相异的；n．外国人，侨民，外来种；v．转让，让渡，离间，疏远alignment n．对中，队列，校正alkaline n．碱alkalinity n．碱性物质allowable a．可承认的，正当的，允许的，容许的alloy ①n．合金；②v．将…铸成合金，合铸alone ①a．单独的，独一无二的，孤独的，独自的；②)ad．独自地alongside ①ad．在…的侧面；@prep．横靠，在…旁边alter n．改变，变更，改装alteration n．变更，改变alternately ad．交替地，轮流地alternator n．交流发电机aluminum n．铝ambient a．周围的，环境的，周围amend v．修改，改善，改良ammeter n．电流表，安培计ammonia n．氨，阿摩尼亚among prep．在…之中，…之一amortisseur n．阻尼器，消音器，减震器amount v．n．合计，总数，数量，总计，金额，相等，等于amplifier n．放大器，扩音器analysis n．分析，化验anchor v．n．锚；锚停泊，使固定anchorage n．锚地，下锚anemometer n．风速表angle n．角度，角；v．转变角度，使转动角度angular a．有棱角的，尖锐的，斜角的，角形的，角的angularity n．棱角，角状，生硬anneal v．退火，使退火annex n．附则，附加物，附属建筑物annual a．每年的，年度的；n．年鉴，年刊，年报annually ad．每年，年年(地)anode n．阳极anticlockwise a．反时针方向的，逆时针的’antimony n．锑anytime ad．任何时候，无论何时apart v．(把机器等)拆开aperture n．孔apparatus n．仪器，设备apparent a．明显的，清晰可见的，显然的，表面上的appear v．出现，好像，似乎appearance n．外观，外貌，外形，外表，出现，现象applicable a．可运用的，合适的，适用的，适当的，可贴合的application n．应用，申请applicator n．洒施机，给料器撒药机，(泡沫)喷射枪，施放装置，申请人，申请者approach v．到达，接近，入门appropriate a．适当的appropriately ad．适当地aqua n．溶液，水aqueous a．水的arbor n．心轴，藤架architecture n．建筑术，建筑学，建筑，(体系)结构，构造arise v．出现，发现，起来armature n．电枢，电缆的铠装arrest v．阻碍，妨碍，防止，控制，抑制，引起注意，吸引，扣留，逮捕，阻止artificial a．人造的，假的，非原产地的ash n．灰，灰烬ashore ad．在岸上，向岸asphalt n．沥青asphyxiation n．窒息aspirate vt．抽吸，吸人aspiration n．渴望，志气，吸入assembly n．装配，组件，集会，大会assess v．评定，估定，对…征税assessment n．评估，估定，评定的款额assist v．辅助，协助，帮助，援助，助航，助推，助推器，加速器assistance n．协助，助航，助推，援助，帮助，辅助，辅助设备assistant a．助理员，副手，助理，帮助，辅助，辅助的，助理的，副职的assume v．假定，设想，担任，假装assure v．(使)确信，保证astern ①a．后方的，艉部的；②ad．向后，倒车asynchronous a．时间不一致的，不同时的，异步的atlas n．地图册，地图集，图册，图集，大张绘图纸atmosphere n．大气atmospheric a．大气压的，空气的，大气的atomization [,ætəmai'zeiʃən] n．雾化，粉碎atomize v．雾化，将…喷成雾状atomizer n．雾化器attachment n．附件，配件attain v．达到，获得attemperator n．调温器attention n．注意，注意力auditor n．听者，听众，旁听生，审计员autoignition n．自动点火，自发火，自燃automatic a．自动的，机械的automatically ad．自动地，机械地automation n．自动化，自动操作auxiliary a．辅助的，补充的，副的n．辅助者，辅助设备average n．平均，均分，平均数，平均值，普遍的，一般的，报酬，海损费用avoid v．作废，取消，废止，避免，躲开，回避avoidance n．作废，废止，无效，取消，避免，回避，逃避aware v．意识的，认识到，了解axial a．轴向的，轴的axis n．轴，轴线Bbabbitt n．巴氏合金bachelor n．未婚男子，学士backward a．倒向，向后，反向，倒逆，后边的，倒退的，向后的，反向的，落后的bacteria n．细菌bacterium n．细菌(bacteria的单数)badly ad．严重地，恶劣地baffle n．遮挡物baggage n．包裹，行李ball n．滚珠，钢球ballast v．n．压载；压载水，镇流器，整流器barge ①n．驳船；②vt．用船运输barrel n．套筒，桶base n．基极，基座basically ad．基本上，主要地basis n．基础，基底，台座battery n．蓄电池，殴打beam n．船梁，横梁，光线bedplate n．机座，底板below prep．低于，不如，在…下游方向，在…下面，向下游方向，向下belt n．带，运动带beneath prep．在…下面，比不上…，不如…benefit n．公益金，权利，福利，利益，受益，权益，有益于，有利于bent a．横向构架，排架，曲折，弯曲，弯头，弯柄的，曲轴的，弯曲的，挠曲的bevel n．斜角，斜(量)角规，锥齿轮bilge n．舱底污水，船舭部bit n．字节blade n．叶片，刀口bleeder n．排放装置，抽吸装置，(船)泄水孔blend v．n．加配料，混合，融合，勾兑，掺和，混合物，混合品blind ①a．堵死的，盲目的；②v．堵死，蒙蔽block ①n．滑车，块；②v．堵塞blockage n．(管路等的)堵塞，阻塞，(交通的)阻断，封锁，闭塞，实施封锁的部队blood ①n．血，血液，血统；②v．使(某人)先取得经验blow v．n．吹，爆炸blower n．鼓风机，压气机blue n．蓝色，蓝boat n．小船，艇boil ①n．沸腾；②v．煮沸，激动boiler n．锅炉，汽锅bolt ①n．螺栓；②v．用螺栓连接booklet n．小册子boost v．提高，增加booster n．调压机border n．边界，国境，轮廓，毗连，边境，邻接，接近，成为界线，划界bore v．n．涌潮，涛，孔；钻孔bottle v．n．(测海流用的)漂瓶，瓶形物，罐，瓶bottom n．底，底部，基础，末端bouncing ①a．活跃的，强壮的，巨大的；②n．跳动，摇动，脉动bound v．n．边界，跳跃，回跳，限制，约束，束缚，以…为界，与…邻接，桅肩boundary n．边界，分界线bowl v．n．碗，钵，分离筒，回转筒，滚子，滚筒，(漂网上的)浮标，罗经盆，铲斗bracket n．托架，支架brake n．制动器，刹车branch n．树枝，分支，英国颁发给某些引航员的适任证书，美国的特殊航道引航证；②v．出枝，分支breakage n．破损，破损量breakdown n．故障，崩溃breaker n．断流器，断路器bridge n．驾驶台，船桥，轴承盖bright a．明亮的，鲜明的，生气勃勃的，欢快的，聪明的，伶俐的brilliant a．光辉的，灿烂的，卓越的brine n．盐水bring v．拿来，带来，招致，引起，产生，引来brittle a．脆的，易碎的，易坏的bronze ①n．青铜；a．青铜色的brown a．n．棕褐色(的)，棕色(的)，褐色(的)brush v．n．刷brushless a．无电刷的bubble v．n．水泡，气泡，泡，起泡，冒泡，沸腾，涌出，气垫bucket n．桶buffer n．贮存器，集油井，缓冲器build v．n．建造，建筑，构造，(船体)线型，造型，(砌体)勾缝，(圬工)竖缝bulb n．温包，灯泡bulge v．凸出，膨胀bulk a．整体，大块，堆积，散装货物，大块的，庞大的，大宗的，整批的，散装的bulkhead n．舱壁，隔壁，防水壁bulletin n．通报，公报，布告，报告，新闻简报，期刊，航务公告bunk n．住舱，铺位bunker n．燃料舱，油舱buoyancy n．浮性bureau n．办公处，局，所，社，署，室，司burn v．n．(打印记的)烙铁，燃烧，烧毁，烧熔，烧伤，灼伤，烫伤，小河，溪burner n．燃烧器bus n．公共汽车，母线，总线Bus-bar n．导条，汇电板，母线bush n．轴瓦衬套butane n．丁烷，天然煤气butterfly n．蝶形，蝴蝶Ccabin n．船上房间cabinet n．框箱、橱、盒；机壳、壳体cable ①n．缆，索，锚链，海底电缆，绞线；②v．发海底电缆电报，架设电缆cage n．笼子，罩calcium n．钙cam n．凸轮camshaft n．凸轮轴，控制轴canal n．运河，渠道，水道，海峡canopy n．(小艇)天篷，舢板天幕canvas n．帆布cap n．盖，帽capable a．可以…的，有可能的，有能力的capacitance n．电容capacitor n．电容器capacity n．容量capstan n．绞盘carbon n．碳carbonate n．碳酸盐carbonize v．碳化carburetor n．汽化器card n．记录卡，卡片，编卡，图表，钢丝刷，梳刷，标度盘cardboard n．厚纸板，卡纸板，纸板cardiopulmonary a．与心肺有关的，心肺的care v．n．谨慎，小心，照顾，照料，管理carefully ad．小心地，谨慎地cargo n．货物carrier n．运载工具，搬运人，运货人cartridge n．灯座，夹头，卡盘case n．情况，实例，箱，壳，套cast v．n．铸造，浇铸，弯曲casualty n．海难，伤亡catalyst n．催化剂catch v．n．抓住，挡住cathode n．阴极caustic a．腐蚀性的，苛性的，焦散的；n．尖刻的腐蚀剂cavitation n．空泡，空蚀，气蚀，气穴cease v．n．停止centre n．中央，中心，根源centrifugal a．离心式的离心机，离心的centrifuge n．离心(分离)机centripetal a．向心的certain a．无疑的，必然的，确实的，肯定的，某一个，有一些certificate n．证书certification n．发证chain ①n.链；②v．用铁链锁住chamber n．室，船舱，腔chance n．机会，偶然(事件)，可能性，希望change v．n．改变，变化，变动，交换，变换，兑换，兑现channel n．航道，海峡，途径，路线，槽，波道，频道chapter n．分会，分社，(书籍的)章，节character n．特征，特性，性质，印刷符号，电码组合，字符，字母，字体，字元characteristic a．特性曲线，特征，特性，表示特征的，特性曲线的，特性的，特征的characterize v．表现…的特色，刻画的…性格charcoal n．木炭，炭cheat ①n．欺骗，骗子；②v．欺骗，骗取check v．n．检查，核对，校对，检验，稽核，支票chemical a．化学上用的，化学的，化学制品，化工原料，化学品chemically ad．用化学，以化学方法chemist n．药房，化学检验师chest n．箱，柜，(船侧)通海吸水箱chilled a．冷淬过的，冷冻的chloride n．氯化物chlorine n．氯，氯气chock n．楔子，塞子，垫木chromate n．铬酸盐chrome n．铬，铬合金chromium n．铬chronologically ad．按年月时间顺序地chute ①n．急流，瀑布，斜槽，舷侧出灰口；②v．顺斜道滑行circle ①n．圆，圆周，循环，范围；②v．环绕，盘旋circuit n．回路，电路circuitry n．回路，电路circular a．圆(环)形的，循环的circulation n．循环，换热流动circumference n．圆周circumstance n．情况，环境，处境，事件，事项，细节clamp n．夹子，卡子clarifier n．分杂机classification n．船级，分类classify v．把…分类，把…分级cleaner n．清洁工，清洁剂cleanliness n．净度，清洁，干净clearance n．空隙，公隙，裕度，间隙clockwise a．顺时针的clog v．n．障碍，堵塞，阻塞，填塞障碍，障碍物，制动器closure v．n．关闭，使终止clothes n．被褥，衣服(总称)clutch n．离合器coal n．煤，木炭coaming n．舱口围板，栏板，围槛coarse a．粗的，粗糙的，下等的coast n．海岸，海滨cock n．旋塞code n．代码，规则，规范coefficient [,kəʊə'fɪʃənt] n．系数coil n．盘管，线圈collapse v．n．凹陷collar n．环突缘collect v．n．汇集，聚集，集中，收取，收款(税、费等)，收报人付费，对方付费collection n．收集，征收，收款collector n．集合器collision n．碰撞colony n．种群color ①n．颜色，色彩；②v．给…着色，上色colorless a．无色的column n．圆柱，柱状物，柱，柱形(浮标)，支架基座combat v．战斗，反对，竞争，争论combine v．组合，联合，结合combustible a．易燃的，可燃的combustion n．燃烧，燃烧室comfort n．舒适，安慰comfortable a．设备齐全的，舒适的commence n．开始，开始以…身份活动commencement n．开始commercially ad．商业上，商用地，商品化地commission n．代理费，手续费，佣金，委托，任命，委员会，投入运转，投入营运common a．普通的，普遍的commonly ad．普通地，一般地communicate v．通讯，通话，传达，传送communication n．通信，交流，传达的信息，消息，信件，通信系统commutator n．换向器compact ①n．契约，合同；②v．使紧密，签约；③a．紧的，小型的，简洁的company n．公司，同伴，伙伴，船员，全体船员comparatively ad．比较地，相当地compare v．比较，对照，参考comparison n．比较，对照，比拟compartment n．舱，分隔间，防水舱隔compasses n．两脚规，分规compatible a．不矛盾的，可共存的，相容的，适合的，相合的，兼容的compensate v．报酬，平衡，补偿，赔偿compensated a．补偿的，平衡的compensation n．补偿，赔偿competence n．资格，能力，权限，职权，合法性，有效性，(水流的)泥沙挟带能力complete a．完成，完结，竣工，完全的，全部的，整套的completely ad．十分，圆满，全然completion n．竣工，结束，完结，完成，圆满，填充，完整，整体compliance n．一致，符合comply v．顺从，答应，遵守component n．成分，部件compose n．组成，构成，创作，使安定；②v．创作，作曲composite a．混合结构式的，钢骨木壳的，混合式的composition n．组成，成分，结构，构图，布置compound n．化合物，混合物，复式发动机comprehensive a．综合的，有理解力的，广泛的compress v．压缩，缩短compressibility n．可压缩性compression n．压缩，压紧compressor n．压缩机comprise v．由…组成，包括，包含，构成concentration n．浓度concentric a．同心的，集中的，会聚的concept v．n．概念，方案，规划，打算，设想，构思concern v．对…有关，涉及，参加，关心；n．事务，事件，业务，机构，商行，企业conclusion n．结论，结尾，推论condensate n．冷凝物condensation n．冷凝，凝缩condense v．浓缩，凝结condenser n．冷凝器，电容器conditioned a．受条件限制的，适合…的conditioner n．调节器conductance n．电导，电导系数，导率conducting a．传热的，导电的conduction n．传导conductivity n．传导率，导电性cone n．圆锥形，锥形物，头部；v．使成锥形状configuration n．构形，外形confirm v．证实，批准，确认，使…坚定confirmation n．证实，证明，批准，确认，认可conflict v．碰撞冲突，争执，分歧，冲突，抵触conform v．使一致，依照，符合，遵照congest vt．拥挤，充满；Vi．拥挤；adj．拥护的conical a．圆锥形的connect v．n．连接，联合，结合，联系，联络，扫通，接通connection n．接头，连接consecutive a．连续的，连贯的，结论的consequence n．结果，影响，后果consequently ad．因此，从而consider n．考虑，斟酌，认为，看作，假定有…，设想有…considerable a．重要的，相当的considerably ad．相当地consideration n．考虑，审议，探讨，(必须考虑的)因素，重要性，问题consist v．组成console n．控制台，控制面板constant ①n．常数，恒量；②a．不变的，一定的constantly ad．坚持不懈地，经常地，不变地construction n．建造，建筑，建筑物consult v．协商，磋商；会诊，请教，咨询，查阅consultation n．磋商，请教，咨询consume v．消费，浪费，耗尽，消耗consumption n．消费，消耗量contact ①n．触点，接点；②v．接触，啮合contactor n．接触器contain v．包含，含有，容纳，相当于containment n．抑制，遏制，容积，容量，范围，规模，密封装置contamination n．污染，污物content v．n．满足，满意，含量，内容，容量，容积，目录，目次，存数，存储continental a．大陆性的continually ad．不断地，频繁地continue v．连续，继续，延长continuous a．不断的，连续的，持续的continuously ad．连续地，持续地contraction n．收缩，紧缩contrast v．对比率，对比度，差异，对比，对照contribute v．贡献，成为…的原因control v．n．控制controllable a．可控制的，可调节的controller n．控制器convection n．对接，对流converter n．变流机，变流器，转换器convention n．公约，条约conventional a．普通的，惯例的，约定的，习用的，常规的conversation n．会话conversely ad．倒地，逆地conversion n．转化，转变convert v．转换，转变cool ①a．冷静的，沉着的，冷的，凉爽的；②n．阴凉；③v．冷却，使冷却coolant n．冷却剂，载冷剂cooler n．冷却器copper n．铜，铜制品core n．核心，本质，(电缆)心线corner n．拐角，隅壁corporate a．社团的，法人的，共同的，全体的，公司的correct ①a．正确的；②v．改正，纠正，修正correction n．改正，勘误，校正，修正，改正量，标准corrective a．校正的，纠正的correspond v．n．通信，回信，相应，相当，对应，符合，一致corrosion n．侵蚀，腐蚀corrosive a．腐蚀性的cosine n．余弦costly a．费用大的，昂贵的counteract v．抵抗，抵制，阻碍，中和country a．乡村，地方，地域，地带，国家，乡村的，地方的，本地的couple n．力偶，力矩，电偶，热偶，成对，配合，连接，加倍course n．航向，课程，路线，过程cover n．盖．罩covered ①a．有隐蔽的，盖着的；②n．阴天crack n．裂纹cracking ①n．裂缝，加热分解，裂开；②a．ad．分裂的，分解的craft n．定期货船，联络(船员)艇crane n．克令吊，回转式起货机crank n．曲柄crankcase n．曲轴箱crankshaft n．机轴，曲轴crash a．应急的，紧急的，速成的；v．(飞机)失事，压碎，碎裂，碰撞，崩溃create v．创造，创作，引起，产生criteria n．准则，标准criterion n．准则，标准critical a．临界的，极限的，危急的，关键性的，批评的crosshead n．十字头crude a．粗糙的，天然的，未成熟的cruise v．n．巡航，航海，航行，巡游，游弋crush n．压烂，碾碎，过盈cube n．三次幂，立方体，三次方，求体积，容积cubic a．立方的，立方体的culture n．文化，教养，人工繁殖，培养，耕作，培育，人工建筑(海图图式)cup v．n．杯子，凹形，球座，盆地，帽，盖，罩，(绝缘子)外裙，(电子管)极帽，(绞盘)轴座current ①n．电流，涌流，趋势；②a．流通的，当前的curve n．曲线板cushion n．橡皮软垫，垫子cutoff n．断开，截止，停气，停电，停水，(河流)裁弯取直，停车，保险装置cutout n．终止，阻断，关闭，断绝，断开装置，断流器cycle n．周期，循环，周而复始cyclic a．循环的，周期的cylinder n．气缸，套筒damage ①v．损害，毁坏，破坏；n．代价，赔款damped a．衰减的，阻尼的，减震的dampen v．使潮湿，抑制，使沮丧，使减幅，使衰减，阻尼，减震damper n．风门；通风挡板，阻尼器damping ①n．阻尼，减幅，衰减；②a．阻尼的，缓冲的，制动的，减速的danger n．危险，风险，危险物，危险的因素，威胁dark a．黑暗，暗色，暗处，日暮，深色的，黑暗的，黑色的，暗的date n．日期；②v．写上日期deaerate v．使除去空气dealing n．对待，处理，友好，行为，交易debris n．碎片，残骸decide vt．决定，决心decision n．决断，决心，决策，决定，决议，判决，判定deck n．甲板decompose v．分解，腐烂，溶解，离解，还原，风化decrease v．n．减少，缩短，变小defect n．缺陷，缺点deflection n．臂距差，挠曲，挠度deform v．变形deformation n．变形degree n．等级，程度，阶层，地位，度数，学位dehumidification n．减湿dehumidify v．使除去湿气dehydration n．干燥，脱水(作用)，极度口渴dehydrator n．除水器delay v．n．延期，延缓，推迟deliver v．n．传递，输送，投送，释放，解放，提供，供给，发表(讲话)delivery n．交付，交货，传送，转让，移交delta n．三角形(符号)，肥瘠系数，(河口)三角洲，(变量的)增量demand v．n．追究，要求，申请，需要，需求demulsibility n．抗乳化性，反乳化率denote v．表示，指示dense a．浓厚的，密集的density n．密度dependent ①a．随…而变的，相依的，依赖的，相关的；②n．(受赡养的)亲属，家属deposit v．n．沉淀，堆积物；存放，堆积depression n．凹穴depth n．深度；纵深，最内部，(颜色)浓厚，深处desalination n．脱盐，淡化descaling n．除锈，除垢describe v．记述，捕述，叙述，捕写，捕绘description n．货名，品名，说明书，规格，规范，描写，说明，叙述，记述desiccant n．干燥剂design v．n．设计，计划，安排，打算，企图，图案，图样，图纸，花样，装置，型号designate v．指定，标明，选派，任命，把…称为designation n．指示，名称，牌号despite prep．尽管，虽然detachable a．可拆卸的，可卸下的，可分开的，可摘下的detail n．细节，细目，详细，详情detain v．扣留(船舶)detainment n．拘留，扣押，留置，拖延，拦阻detect v．发觉，探测，检定，检波detective n．侦探；②a．侦探的detector n．侦查器，检定器detention n．滞留，扣押detergency n．清洁剂determine v．断定，确定，测定，决定detrimental a．有害的device n．装置，设备，仪表，工具，方法，手段dew n．露，露珠，露水diagnosis n．诊断diagram n．图表dial n．刻度盘diameter n．直径，对径，横断面diesel n．柴油，柴油机difference n．差数，差额，差值，差异，差别，区别，分别，不同，差分differential a．差动的，微分的difficult a．困难的，艰难的，尴尬的difficulty n．困难，异议，反对diffuser n．扩压器，稳焰器digest ①v．消化，领会，整理，做摘要；②n．文摘，摘要，法律汇编digital a．数字式的diluent a．稀释剂，冲淡剂，稀释的，冲淡的dilution n．稀释，稀度，淡度，稀释物，削减，削弱diode n．二极管dioxide n．二氧化物direct ①a．直接的，直的，直率的；②v．指引，指导，指挥direction n．方向，方位，方面，指示，指南，指导，管理，用法，说明书，说明directional a．方向的，指向的，定向的，导演的dirt n．粪便，污垢，污物disadvantage n．缺点，不利disappear v．消失，失踪disc n．圆盘，唱片discharge v．卸下(船上的货物)，排气n．发射，卸货，排泄，流量，放电量disconnect a．开路，断路，切断，拆开，断开，截断(电路)discrepancy n．差异，不一致，偏差，误差，失调disengaging ①n．分离，解开，脱扣，解救；②a．绝缘的disinfection n．消毒disinfector n．消毒器，消毒剂，消毒者disk n．圆盘，磁盘dismissal n．解雇，免职，解散dispersant n．分散剂disperse a．分散，散布，疏散，散开，扩展，弥散，分散的，弥散的，悬浮的displacement n．排水量，位移disposal n．处置，处理，安排，料理，清除，消除dispose v．处置，安排，处理，解决，配置，说服，影响，转让，出售dissipate v．消散，放荡，浪费dissolve v．使溶解，使融化，使分解，使分离，解散，废除distill v．蒸馏，用蒸馏法提取，精选出distillate n．凝水distillation n．蒸馏distiller n．蒸馏器，造水机distilling ①a．蒸馏的；②11．蒸馏distinct a．独特的，有区别的，个别的，清晰的，明显的distinguish v．区别，识出distortion n．扭曲，变形distress 13．苦恼，痛苦，危难，不幸distribute v．n．区分，分类，分布，分配，分派，配电distributed a．分布的distribution n．配电，分配distributor n．分配器diverter n．分流器，分流调节器，分流电阻，转向器，避雷针division n．分隔，隔板dock v．n．码头，船坞；进坞docking ①n．进坞，缩进；②a．入坞的dockyard n．船坞，船厂，海军船坞documentation n．文件，单据dog n．狗，(炉中的)铁架卡爪，拔钉钳，(水密门)夹扣domestic a．国内的，地方的，局部的，本地的don v．穿上donkey ①a．驴；②n．辅助的dosage n．一次的分发量，剂量double a．二倍，折叠，加倍，双重，绕着岬角或岛屿航行，两倍的，双重的，成对的doubt n．怀疑，疑惑，疑问；②v．怀疑，不信，拿不准，<古>恐怕down ①a．向下，倒下；②ad．下降downwards ad．向下，日趋衰落draft n．草案，吃水，通风dram ①n．打兰，英钱，少许；②v．饮少量的酒draught n．吃水，通风drawing n．绘图，图画，素描，牵引drier n．干燥器，干燥剂drill v．n．训练，演习，钻孔；钻头drip v．n．液滴，使滴下driven n．受到驱动的，drive的过去分词driver n．传动器，驱动器drop v．n．点滴，水滴，滴，水位差，落差，高差，陡坡，跌落，掉下，滴下，落下dropping n．滴下，落下，立锚drum n．卷筒，鼓dry n．干涸的，干燥的，干的，旱的，使干燥，干燥，弄干dryer n．干燥器，干燥剂dual a．双重的，双的duct n．管，导管，槽，波道dump ①v．倾倒，倾销，倒垃圾；②n．丢弃的废物dunnage n．衬垫垫舱，垫舱料垫货材duplex a．双联的，双倍的during n．在…期间dust n．灰尘，尘土，粉末，垃圾dynamic a．动态的，有活力的，动力的Eear v．n．耳朵，耳，耳环，吊环，眼板，(水壶等)把手，突出物，耳状物，穗eccentric a．不同圆心的，偏心的economic a．经济的，实用的economically ad．经济地，经济学地economization n．节约，节省，减缩，精简economizer n．经济器，废气锅炉economy n．经济制度，经济，节约eddy n．涡流，漩涡，逆流edge n．刀刃，刀口，边缘eductor n．喷射器effective a．有效的，实际的effectively ad．有效地，有力地effectiveness n．有效性，效力，效用，效果efficiency n．效率，效能，功效efficient a．高效的，得力的，有效的efficiently ad．有效率地，有效地effort v．n．尝试，努力，工作，成绩，成果，作用力ejector n．喷射泵elastic a．弹性的，有灵活性的，弹跳的electric a．电的，发电的，带电的，导电的electrically ad．电学上地，用电地electricity n．电气，电流，电学electro n．电镀物品，电版electrode n．电焊条electrolytic a．电解的，电解质的electronic- a．电子(学)的，电子器件的element n．元件，元素，要素eliminate v．消除，除去，排除elimination n．淘汰，排除，切断emergency n．紧急状态，紧急事件，紧急需要emitting a．发射的，放射的emphasis n．(复emphases)强调，着重，重点，加重，加强emphasize v．加重，强调，着重employ v．使从事于，雇用，使用，用employment n．利用，雇用，职业，业务，使用程度，使用率emulsification n．乳化，乳化作用emulsify v．使乳化emulsion n．乳化液enable v．使能够，使实现，使工作enclosure n．封装，围绕ends n．零星木材，零星物件energize v．加强，给予…以活力engage v．啮合，雇佣，使从事于engine n．发动机，引擎engineer n．工程师，轮机员enhance v．增加，提高，夸张，宣扬enlarge v．扩大，增大，扩展，放大enough ①n．充足，够；②a．足够的，充足的；③ad．足够；④int．够了! ensure v．确保，保证，肯定，保险，担保entablature n．机架，柱顶线盘，柱上楣构entertainment n．招待会，娱乐，宴会，招待enthalpy n．焓entire a．完整的，全体的，完全的，全部的，总的environment n．环境，外界，围绕equal a．等于，相同的，匹配的，平等的，相等的，均等的equalizer n．均压器，均压线equalizing ①a．平衡的，均衡的；②n．平衡，补偿，调整equipment n．设备，装备，装置erase v．清除，消迹，删掉，消除，擦去，消降，抵消，消磁erosion n．侵蚀作用，腐蚀，削弱，减少error n．误差，错误，过失escape n．脱险，逃生；②v．避免，漏出especially ad．尤其，特别essential a．重要的，主要的，本质的essentially ad．本质上，本来establish v．设置，设立，建立，制定，确定established a．被建立的，确定的，固定的evacuation n．排气，排空evaluate v．评定，鉴定，测定，计算，估价，求值evaluation n．评估，评价，赋值evaporating a．蒸发作用的evaporation n．蒸发(作用)evaporator n．蒸发器，脱水器evenly ad．变动不大地，均匀地，平等地，平坦地event n．偶然事件，重要事件，大事，结果，现象，情况，冲程，间隙eventually ad．最后，终于everyone pro．n．每个人，人人evidence n．迹象，明显，显著，证据，证物evident a．明显的，显然的examine v．检查，调查，考试example n．典型，样本，例子，样品，榜样，实例，例题exceed v．超过，超越，胜过，超过其他exceeding a．超越的，非常的excellent n．优秀的，精良的，信号强度5except prep．除了，把．．．除外exceptional a．例外的，异常的excessive a．过多的，过大的，过剩的，过量的，过度的，极端的excessively ad．过分地，非常地exchange v．n．交换，汇兑excitation n．励磁，激发，兴奋，激动exclude v．排除，排斥，拒绝，除去exclusively ad．排外地，专有地excursion n．(短途)旅行，旅游，偏离，漂移，离题，短途旅行，短途航行exert v．施加，执行(压力、影响)，努力，尽力exhaust ①n．排气，排气装置；②v．用尽，耗尽；③a．用不完的，不会枯竭的exist v．n．生存，现存，存在，现有exit v．n．出口，通道；出去，离去expand v．展开，扩张，膨胀(数学)，使膨胀，使扩张，发展，扩展expansion n．膨胀，扩充，开展expensive a．昂贵的，花费的experience n．经验，体验，阅历，经历experiment n．实验，试验，(科研)设备，仪器expert a．技师，专家，检验人，鉴定人，有专长的，熟练的explode v．爆炸，破裂，爆发，推翻，驳倒，迅速发展，迅速增长explosimeter n．爆炸性气体测量仪explosion n．爆炸，爆发exposure n．暴露，曝光，(地质)露头，(房屋等的)朝向，方位，陈列expression n．表达式，符号，表现，表示，表述，措辞，词句，说法，榨出(液汁) extend v．伸展，伸长，延长，延伸，扩大，扩展，延期，延续，跨过，伸过extended a．伸开的，延长的，持久的extensive a．广大的，广泛的extent n．程度，范围，区域external a．外部的，外面的，客观的，外来的，表面的extinguisher n．灭火器extra n．非常的，额外的，附加的，特殊的，例外的，临时的，号外，增刊extract ①v．拔出，抽出；②n．提取物，抽出物extreme a．极限值，极度，极限，离中最远的，极端的，特殊的，末端的，极限的Ffacilitate v．促进，简化，使便利，使容易facility n．便利，设备，器材，装置，机构fact n．事实，实际，实情，真相，(犯罪)行为，论据fahrenheit n．华氏温度fail ①v．失败，不及格；②n．故障，缺乏failure n．失败，缺乏，故障，失灵faint v．n．昏迷，昏倒fairlead n．导缆器fairly ad．清晰地，公正地，公平地，相当地fall v．n．落下，脱落，下垂；(潮汐)退落FALSE a．伪造的，虚假的，假象的，假的，不正确的，错误的，不可靠的，不真实的falter ①v．蹒跚而行，颤抖，踌躇犹豫；②n．摇晃，支吾，踌躇familiarity n．熟悉，通晓，亲密，熟悉，精通fan n．风扇，风机，鼓风机fast a．快速的，快的，牢固的，紧的；ad．牢固地，紧紧地；n．系索，链，缆fasten v．上紧，扣紧，使固定fatigue v．n．疲劳，疲乏；疲劳，使疲劳faulty a．有过失的，有缺点的，不完美的，有故障的favorable a．有利的，顺利的，赞成的feature ①n．特征，特色，容貌；②v．起重要作用feed ①v．喂养，供应；②n．馈给feedback n．反馈，反应few ①a．很少的，不多的，少数的；②n．(表示否定)很少数，几乎没有field n．磁场，范围，领域fighter n．斗士，战士，斗争者，奋斗者，好战者fill v．注满，充满，充实，供应film n．薄膜，胶卷，电影，影片filter n．细滤器filtration n．过滤，筛选fine ①a．细的，优良的；u．罚款，罚金；③v．罚款，精炼；④ad．很好，妙fire ①n．火，火灾，失火；②v．点燃firebox n．燃烧室fish ①n．鱼，接合板，夹片；②v．捕鱼fit ①v．配合；②a．适当的fitting n．装配，装修fix v．n．安置，装配，确定，决定，位置，方位，船位，整理，安装，调整，修理flag n．国旗，旗，挡光板flaking n．刨成片，片状剥落，耐火材料剥落flame n．火焰，燃烧，闪光，光亮flammable a．易燃的，可燃性的flange n．凸缘，法兰flare v．n．(火焰)摇曳，(船侧)外倾，使闪亮flash v．n．闪光，突然燃烧flashing ①n．闪烁，灌水，暴涨，金属盖板；②a．闪烁的，闪光的flat a．平的，平坦的，平展的flexibility n．挠性，弯曲性能flexible a．易弯的，挠性的，柔韧的，灵活的flexure n．屈曲，曲线，歪度，曲率floc ①n．絮状物，棉屑，凝聚剂；②v．使…凝聚flood ①n．洪水，涨潮；②v．充溢，进水，浸没floor n．肘板，地板flow ①v．流，流动；n．流量flowmeter n．流量表，流量计fluctuation n．变动，脉动，波动flue v．n．毛屑，绒毛，烟道，烟管，烟囱，暖气管，气道，渔网(尤指拖网) fluid ①a．流体；n．流体的，液体的flush ①v．n．发红，奔流，冲洗；②a．洋溢的，注满的，大量的flux n．流动，涨潮，焊剂；②v．波动，熔融foam ①n．灭火泡沫；②v．起泡沫fog n．雾，烟雾，喷雾，泡沫follower n．随动器，追随器，滚珠food n．食物，食品，材料，资料force ①n．力，军队；②v．强迫，迫使fore ①a．前面的，先前的；②)ad．在船头forecastle n．艉楼foreman n．装卸队长formation n．形成，构成，组成，结构，构造，序列，配置，施工基面former a．n．从前的，以前的；前者，形成者，创造者forth ad．往前，向外forward ①a．前进的，早的，迅速的；②v．促进，运送③ad．向前地，向将来foul ①a．腐烂的，肮脏的，污浊的；②v．碰撞，缠结，弄脏foundation n．基座，地基，基础fraction n．分数，小数，部分，零数，馏分，级分，分式fracture ①n．断裂，破裂；②v．使破碎，使破裂framework n．骨架，结构框freeze v．(使)结冰，(使)冷冻，冻结．freon n．氟利昂frequency n．频率，周率，发生次数frequent a．频繁的，常遇的，时常发生的，经常的frequently ad．常常，频繁地，经常地friction n．摩擦，摩擦力front a．前面，正面，前部，外貌，(气象)锋，(信号或脉冲)波前，前面的，正面的frost ①n．霜；②v．结霜frostbite n．霜寒，冻伤，被霜伤害，使冻伤fuel ①n．燃料，燃油；②v．上燃料，装燃料，加燃料full a．丰满的，完全的，充分的，(装、盛)满的，(船)肥线型的functional a．符合使用要求的，有作用的，作用的，功能的，函数的" fundamental a．基本的，基础性的。

轮机英语是中等职业教育水运类轮机工程技术专业交通职业教育教学指导委员会规划教材之一，按照《轮机英语》教学大纲的要求而编写的。

汇集了船员职务名称、机舱常用工具名称、机舱常用仪表名称等词汇。

专业词汇Special Terms第一部分柴油机Diesel Engine二冲程船用柴油机two stroke marine diesel engine四冲程船用柴油机four stroke marine diesel engine高（中，低）速柴油机high(medium,lower)speed engine气缸cylinder气缸盖cylinder cover(cylinder head)尔寿发动机Sulzer engineB&W型发动机Burmeister and Wain engine哥塔维根型发动机Gotaverken engine曼恩型发动机M.A.N.engineV型发动机V-type engine直流扫气式发动机uniflow scavenging type engine回流扫气式发动机loop flow scavenging type engine横流扫气式发动机crow-flow scavenging type engine十字头式发动机crosshead engine筒形活塞式发动机trunk-ppiston engine涡轮增压式发动机turbocharge engine固定部件fixed parts耐磨部件wear parts运动部件moving parts互换部件interchangeable parts气缸套cylinder liner示功阀indicator cock(indicator valve)安全阀safety valve气缸启动阀cylinder air starting valve缸套顶圈head ring for cylinder liner排气阀exhaust valve进气阀air inlet valve(suction valve)气阀传动机构valve driving mechanism顶杆tapper rod推杆push rod摇臂rocker rod (rocking lever)活塞pistion十字头式活塞crosshead type pistion筒形活塞trunk pistion活塞头pistion crown(head)活塞裙pistion skirt活塞体pistion body活塞销pistion pin(gudgeon pin)活塞环pistion ring气环（压缩环）pression ring刮油环oil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)布油环oil distributing ring耐磨环wear ring活塞环槽pistion ring groove活塞冷却水管pistion cooling pipe往复管reciprocating pipe伸缩管telescope pipe铰链管articulated pipe活塞杆pistion rod活塞杆凸缘pistion rod flange活塞杆填料函stuffing box for pistion rod活塞杆填料箱gland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rod填料函壳体stuffing box casing填料函力弹簧tension spring for stuffing box填料函密封环sealing ring for stuffing box填料函刮油环scraper ring for stuffing box填料函压环pressure ring for stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland十字头cross head十字头销cross head pin十字头销轴承cross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)十字头滑块cross head shoe(guide shoe)十字头导板cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)连杆connecting rod连杆小端轴承connecting rod small end bearing连杆大端轴承connecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing 曲柄销轴承crankpin bearing曲轴crank shaft曲轴臂crank arm曲轴销crank pin曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱道门crankcase door(crankcase manhole)曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion door主轴承main bearing (bed plate bearing)倒挂式主轴承main bearing of under slung type轴承轴瓦上半块bearing bush-upper half轴承衬下半块bearing shell-lower half主轴承撑杆螺栓main bearing stay bolt主轴颈crank shaft journal(main journal)机座bed plate底座横隔板bed plate transverse member机架frame(column,entablature)底角螺栓holding down bolt (anchor bolt)贯穿螺栓through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)贯穿螺栓护盖protecting covering for tie rod贯穿螺栓导套guide bush for tie rod推力轴thrust shaft推力轴承thrust bearing推力块thrust pad盘车机turning gear废气涡轮增压器exhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower) 增压系统super charging system机械增压mechanical supercharging单（复）式增压系统single(plex)type super charging system 二级增压two-stage supercharging定压增压系统constant pressure charging system脉冲增压系统impulse pressure charging system变压增压variable pressure charging system串联增压super charging in series syatem并联增压super charging in parallel system直流扫气unislow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging横流扫气cross scavenging气口扫气port scavenging气口-气阀扫气port-valve scavenging扫气口scavenging port排气口exhaust port排气总管exhaust manifold排气管exhaust pipe上止点top dead center(TDC)下止点bottom dead center(BDC)燃烧室bustion chamber吸气行程inlet(suction) atroke压缩行程pression stroke做功行程power (working) stroke排气行程exhaust stroke定时图timing diagram指示功indicated power轴功shaft power示功图indicator power控制系统control system启动控制装置control devic for starting起动装置starting devic主起动阀main starting valve空气压缩机air pressor空气瓶air bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir) 起动手柄starting lever(starting handle)起动空气控制阀starting air control valve起动空气导阀starting air pilot valve起动阀starting valve分级活塞stepped pistion起动阀连锁装置starting valve blocking device起动凸轮starting cam起动空气管starting air pipe单凸轮换向装置single cam reversing device双凸轮换向装置double cam reversing device正车凸轮ahead cam正车油缸ahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle)自动停车装置automatic cut-out device空气分配器凸轮air distributor cam转向指示器running direction indicator换向杆reversing lever换向控制杆reversing control lever排气凸轮exhaust cam喷油凸轮fuel cam主起动阀手轮hand wheel for starting valve飞轮flywheel;turning wheel调速器goernor调速装置control device for running the engine极限调速装置maximum-speed governor gear定速调速装置constant-speed governor gear全制式调速装置variable-speed governor gear机械调速器mechanical governor液压调速器hydraulic governor车钟telegraph凸轮传动机构camshaft transmission gear链条传动chain transmission(chain drive)齿轮传动gear tansmission链轮sprocket (sprocket wheel)惰轮idle wheel备车stand by engine完车finish engine停车stop engine微速前进（后退）dead slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）一slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）二half ahead (astern)前进（后退）三full ahead (astern)紧急前进（后退）三emergency full ahead(astern)起动start倒车reverse空气分配器air distributor气缸注油器cylinder lubricator第2 部分制冷和空调制冷refrigeration空调air conditioning通风ventilation盐水制冷brine refrigeration热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration蒸汽压缩循环vapour-pression cyle制冷剂refrigerant直接制冷剂primary refrigerant间接制冷剂secondary refrigerant氟利昂freon氟化氢fluorinated hydrocarbon临界温度critical temperature压缩机pressor蒸发器evaporator感温包sensing bulb膨胀阀expansion valve电磁阀solenoid valve干燥器drier/dryer冷凝器condenser储液器liquid receiver油分离器oil seperator中间冷却器inter cooler部均压装置internal equalizer风冷冷凝器air-cooled condenser双阀座截止阀double seat stop valve手动能量控制阀hand capacity control valve水量调节阀water regulating valve气动薄膜碟阀pneumatic film flap valve出液阀delivery valve出液管outlet pipe外平衡管outer balance pipe半封闭式压缩机semi-enclosed pressor节流阀throttle valve加湿器humidifier回油装置oil-return device回气管return pipe自动水量调节阀automatic water regulating valve自动液压能量控制装置automatic hydraulic capacity control device压力控制器pressure control压差控制器differential pressure control吸入截止阀suction stop valve吸入滤网suction stainer充液阀charging valve冷凝器进入阀condenser inlet valve冷凝器出液阀condenser outlet valve冷却盘管cooling coil冷库insulted hold空气加热器air heater空气滤清器air cleaner油位检查镜inspection glass for oil level油预热器oil preheater卸载油缸unloading cylinder波纹管bellows制冷剂瓶refrigerant bottle热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve毛细管capillary tube膜片diaphragm阀孔隙orifice恒温器thermostant诱导器inducer背压调节阀back-pressure valve浮动式自动回油阀floating type automatic oil return valve热交换器heat exchanger高压继电器high voltage relay温度调节器humidistat能量调节阀capacity regulator通风机ventilator舱室温度控制器cabin type temperature control排气融霜管discharge defrost pipe液位控制器liquid level control液体分离器liquid separator捡漏灯halide lamp船用臭氧发生器marine ozonizer温包式温度控制器phial type temperature controller湿度控制器humidity controller蒸发盘管evaporator coil tube散热器radiator空气调节器air conditioner二次空气系统secandary air conditioning system中央空调系统central air conditioning system高速诱导式空调系统high speed induction air conditioning system 半导体空调器semi-conductor air conditioner热泵式空调器heat-pump air conditioner窗式空调器window-type air conditioner毛发式气动湿度控制器pneumatic hair humidity controller风管air pipe出风栅outlet grid再加热盘管reheating coil空气干燥室air drying chamber顶式布风器top ventilator进风栅inlet grid挡水曲板curve flap翅片管tuberculat pipe散热盘管radiator coil tube挡板baffle翅状散热片fin波形散热片gill单风管系统single duct system双风管系统twin duct system分区加热器zone heater终端加热器terminal-heater压力通风plenum第3部分燃，滑油系统及油参数Fuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Properties燃油系统fuel oil system双层底油舱double bottom fuel tank粗滤器strainer细滤器filter双联细滤器dual oil filter(duplex oil filter)燃油驳运泵fuel transfer pump沉淀柜settling tank分油机oil separator滑油柜/日用油柜lubricating oil tank\daily service tank加热器heater增压泵booster pump三通阀three way valve集油井oil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank) 高压油泵（燃油喷射泵)fuel injection pump油孔式喷油泵（柱塞式油泵，plunger type fuel injection pump布式油泵）(Bosch fuel injection pump)回油孔fuel return hole进油孔fuel inlet hole柱塞（芯子）plunger柱塞套筒（柱塞导管）plunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)调节齿杆（调节齿条）control rack(toothed control rod)调节齿圈（调节齿套）control sleeve(control pinion)排油阀fuel delivery valve回油阀式高压油泵spill valve type fuel injection pump进油阀suction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve) 油量调节机构fuel relgulation linkage油泵行程调节杆regulating lever for pump stoke油压调节阀fuel pressure regulating valve保压阀pressure retaining valve高压油管high pressure fuel pipe喷油器fuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve喷油器壳体fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing)喷油嘴injectin nozzle(nozzle)针阀needle valve针阀顶杆spindle溢流管overflow pipe蒸汽加热器steam heater蒸汽加热管steam heating pipe蒸汽加热盘管steam heating coil润滑系统lubricating system干油底壳式润滑dry oil sump type lubrication湿油底壳式润滑wet oil sump type lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication中压（低压）润滑系统medium pressure lubrication system(low pressure lubrication system)气缸润滑cylinder lubrication轴承润滑bearing lubrication气缸注油器oil squirt(cylinder lubricator)吸油管suction duct(suction line)储油箱oil storage tank调节控制杆control lever for adjusting oil油孔oil orifice(oil hole)油道oil way(oil channel)油底壳oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)污油柜oil sludge tank滑油循环柜circulating lube oil tank滑油粗滤器lube oil strainer滑油泵lube oil pump滑油冷却器lube oil cooler比重（相对密度）specific gravity (relative density)黏度viscosity发火质量ignition quality十六烷值cetane number柴油指数diesel index闪点（开口/闭口）flash point (open /closed)倾点pour point凝点freezing point残碳值carbon residue灰份ash content水分water content硫分sulphur content热值calorific value机械杂质mechanical impurities油品等级grade of oil馏程distilling rang矾含量vanadium content铝含量alumminium content船用轻柴油marine gas oil (MGO)船用燃料油marine fuel oil(MFO)船用柴油marine diesel oil (MDO)中间燃料油internal fuel oil添加剂additive总酸值total acid number(TAN)强酸值strong acid number (SAN)总碱值total base number (TBN)沉淀物含量sediment抗氧化安定性oxidation resistance抗腐蚀性corrosion极压添加剂extreme pressure additive黏度指数viscosity index第4部分泵及其系统Pump &Pumping System船用泵marine pump立式泵vertical pump卧式泵horizontal pump单缸泵single cylinder pump双缸泵duplex pump单（双）作用泵single(double)-acting pump单级泵single-stage pump双级泵double-stage pump定量泵constant-delivery pump变量泵constant displacement pump(constant delivey pump) 自吸式泵self-priming pump非自吸式泵none-self priming pump容积式泵displacement pump轴流泵axial-flow pump离心泵centrifugal pump往复泵reciprocating pump活塞泵pistion pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump轴向柱塞泵axial plunger pump回转泵rotary pump叶片泵vane pump单（双）作用叶片泵single(double)-acting pump齿轮泵gear pump水环泵water ring pump（外）齿轮泵inside(outside)gearing pump螺杆泵screw pum液压泵hydraulic pump径流泵radial-flow pump旋涡泵volute pump喷射泵ejector pump蒸汽直接作用泵direct-acting steam driven pump 主机驱动泵min-engine-driven pump冷却水（油）泵cooling water(oil)pump给水泵feed pump备用给水泵donkey feed water pump卫生水泵sanitary pump出灰泵ash-ejecting pump压载水泵ballast pump污水泵sewage pump凝水泵condensate pump引水泵priming pump(primer pump)盐水泵brine pump淡水泵fresh water pump消防泵fire pump舱底水泵bilge pump循环泵circulating pump真空泵vacuum pump驳运泵transfer pump排污泵slusge pump变量泵variable output pump洗仓泵tank cleaning pump增压泵booster pump泵壳pump housing泵体pump body泵缸pump cylinder泵缸套pump line填料箱stuffing box吸入阀suction valve净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 系统水头损失system head loss泵浦特性曲线pump characteristic curve排出discharge (delivery)流道liquid path叶轮impeller (vane wheel)扩压管diffuser蜗壳volute管路pipe line旋塞（考克）cock止回阀non-return valve碟形阀butterfly valve闸板阀gate valve转阀rotary(rotating) valve滑阀slide (sliding)valve球形阀globe valve安全阀relief valve速闭阀quick closing valve (strip valve)集中引水系统central priming system (CPS)第5部分船用锅炉Mair Boiler火（水）管锅炉fire (water) tube boiler立（卧）式锅炉vertical (horizonatal)boiler直（横，弯，盘，指）管锅炉straight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler 废气锅炉exhaust boiler管式锅炉tubular boiler筒形锅炉cylindr boiler (shell type boiler)鼓筒形锅炉drum boiler燃油辅助锅炉oil-burning auxiliary boiler立式横烟管锅炉vertical fire tube boiler卧式三回程火管锅炉horizontal triple-pass fire tube boiler盘管式强制循环废气锅炉coil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler人孔门manhole door水包water drum水管联箱water header水冷壁water-cooled wall (water screen, water wall)上升管riser tube下降管down er后水冷壁rear water wall tube侧水冷壁side water wall tube沸腾联箱steaming header沸水管boiling-water tube炉膛furnace (fire box)炉胆furnace flue炉排fire bar(fire grate)炉门fire door炉衣boiler clothing (boiler lagging)炉墙furnace wall耐火砖衬层fire-brick lining挡烟墙baffle wall给水阀feed water valve给水截止阀feed water stop valve给水止回阀feed water check valve汽鼓（汽锅筒）steam drum汽水分离器steam purifier (steam separator)给水管intrnal feed pipe给水离子交换器feed water ion exchanger省煤器（经济器）economizer上部联管upper header下部联管lower header前部联管front header后部联管rear header进口分配联管inlet distributing header出口分配联管outlet distributing header水位表water level gauge玻璃水位表glass water level gauge低位水位表bottom water level gauge远距离水位显示计remote water level indicator水位计分支阀（通汽考克，通水考壳）water level root valve(steam cock,water cock) 光滑管plain tube带肋片的蛇形管coil tube with ribs水位调节器water level regulator低水位保险装置low-water level cut-off device危险水位报警器low-water level alarm热水井hot well热水循环泵hot water regulating pump水处理water treatment上排污阀surface blow-down valve底部排污阀bottom blow down valve上（下）部吹除阀surface(bottom) blow-off valve浮渣盘scum dish烟管smoke tube烟箱smoke chamber(smoke box)烟道smoke flue烟囱chimney(funnel)烟喉furnace uptake牵条stay牵条管stay tube支承管support tube波形管sinuflo tube麻花管swirlyflo tube吹灰器soot blower单层盘管single-layer tube燃烧器oil burner燃油预热器oil preheater雾化器burner atomize (sprayer)雾化片sprayer plate喷油嘴burner tip (nozzle)喷油嘴管架nozzle support喷油嘴体nozzle holder喷孔nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)旋涡室swirl chamber点火器igniter点火喷油嘴ignition nozzle点火变压器ignition transformer预燃室prebustion chamber调风器air register调风门air damper风门throttle (air intake flap)风门伺服器servomotor for throttle regulation 风口draught door风箱burner wind box风机blower手调风门hand regulating throttle空气调温器air attemperator空气扩散盘air diffuse disk导流器air director空气调节器air regulator (air register)强制通风机force draught fan火焰检测器flame detector火口fire hole(bustion head)比例操作器proportional ratio apparatus压力比例操作器pressure ratio regulator停汽阀steam stop valve集汽管steam receive蒸汽分配器steam distributor阻汽器steam trap过热器super-heater减热器desuper heater旋风汽水分离器cyclone steam separator除氧器deaerator第6部分液压甲板机械Hydraulic Deck Machinery液压泵hydraulic pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump中央阀center valve配油轴oil distribution shaft配油盘oil distribution disc配油套oil distribution sleeve配油口oil distribution port配油壳oil distribution casing配油阀oil distribution valve浮动环floating ring压力管pressure pipe伺服活塞srevo-pistion差动活塞differential pistion倾斜盘swash plate液压放大器hydraulic amplifier液压马达hydraulic motor高速小扭矩油马达high speed low torque oil motor齿轮式（叶片式，轴向柱塞式）油马达gear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor 低速大扭矩油马达low speed high torque oil motor柱塞式油马达plunger-type oil motor径向柱塞式油马达radial-plunger-type oil motor单作用径向柱塞式油马达single-acting radial-plunger-type oil motor轴向双斜盘式油马达axial-double-tilting frame type oil motor液压油缸hydraulic oil cylinder单作用柱塞油缸single-acting plunger oil cylinder摆动油缸oscillating oil cylinder差动油缸differential oil cylinder转叶式油缸rotary-vane-type oil cylinder定叶fixed vane转叶rotary vane密封条sealing strip定子stator转子totor压力控制阀pressure control valve顺序阀sequence valve直控～direct-control valve单向～one-way valve(check valve)卸载～off-load valve遥控～telecontrolled valve液控～hydraulically controlled valve减压阀pressure-reducing valve定压～constant pressure valve定差～constant difference valve定比～constant ratio valve溢流阀overflow valve先导式～pilot valve直动式～direct-acting valve差动式～differential valve流量控制阀flow control valve节流阀throttle valve调速阀speed-regulating valve方向控制阀direction control valve直通式～straight one-way valve直角式～angle one way valve手动截止阀hand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)双路油压自锁阀double-circuit oil pressure self-closing valve换向阀change-over valve (change valve)电磁～electro-magnetic valve电液～electro-hydraulic valve转阀（滑阀）ritary valve (side valve)三位四通阀three-position four-way valve主阀main valve辅阀auxiliary valve先导阀pilot valve阻尼孔damper hole节流缝隙throttle slot舵机steering gear定量泵开式系统open oil system of the constant delivery pump变量泵闭式系统closed oil system of the variable delivery pump撞杆式舵机ram type steering gear转叶式舵机rotary vane type steering gear工况选择阀operating mode selector valve手动旁通阀hand by-pass valve反馈杆feed back rod自锁阀self-locking valve防浪阀storm valve舵rudder舵柱rudder post舵柄rudder tiller舵托（承）rudder carrier舵叶rudder blade舵杆rudder stock撞杆ram操纵系统control system机械杠杆反馈式追随机构follow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type 应急手动操纵装置emergency hand control device浮动杆floating lever副杠杆auxiliary lever遥控操舵装置telemotor steering gear起货装置cargo handing gear起货绞车cargo winch回转起货机crane吊扬索（千斤索）topping lift吊货杆boom(derrick boom)吊臂jib(crane jib)吊臂止动器jib stopper机械制动器machanicalbrake防索松保护器slack wire protection变幅绞车luffing winch货物定位装置cargo psotler差动型限位开关differential limit switich旋转绞车slewing winch带式刹车band brake旋转底盘slewing rim起锚机windlass止链器cable stopper锚anchor锚链anchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)锚链轮chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)锚链舱chain locker链轮止动器chain lifter brake离合器clutch绞盘capstan绞盘卷筒capstan barrel带缆卷筒warping drum锚链卷筒chain drum绞车卷筒winch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel)第7部分油水处理设备，轴系及推进器，造水机Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator,Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator分油机oil separator离心分油机oil centrifuge分杂机clarifier分水机purifie造水机fresh water generator真空沸腾式造水机vacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator 真空闪发式造水机vacuum flash type fresh-water generator工作水operating water冲洗水flushing water配水盘paring disc活动底盘sliding bowl bottom滑动圈operating slide污渣出口sludge outlet分离筒separator bowl分离筒本体bowl body分离筒盖bowl hood分离筒转轴bowl spindle分离盘bowl discs机盖frame cap阻水环damp ring比重环gravity disc油水分离器oily water separator舱底水bilge锥形盘conical plates粗粒化coalesce放油阀oil drain valve检验旋塞check cock自动空气释放阀automatic air rlease valve除油阀oil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)液位探测电极liquid level electronic probe除渣阀scum valve自动出油阀automatic oil outlet valve储油柜oil storage tank控制板control panel轴系shafting螺旋桨propeller传动轴transmission shaft中间轴intermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)推力轴thrust shaft单环推力轴single collar thrust shaft艉轴tail shaft (tube shaft)可调螺距螺旋桨adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller)定距桨constant pitch propeller固定桨叶螺旋桨fixed-blade propeller艏部螺旋桨bow propeller横向推理器transverse propeller左（右）螺旋桨left(right)handed propeller推力轴承thrust block推力块thrust pad推力环thrust collar刮油器scraper挡油圈oil deflector油位显示器oil level indicator单环推力轴承（密歇尔推力轴承）Michell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)支撑轴承（中间轴轴承)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)艉轴管轴承sterntube bearing (stern bearing)铁梨木轴承lignumvitae bearing水润滑轴承water-lubricated bearing白合金轴承white metal bearing桨叶propeller blade空泡cavitation螺旋桨空泡propeller-cavitation压力面空泡pressure-face cavitation(face cavitation) 吸力面空泡suction-face cavitation导边空泡leading edge cavitation蒸发器evaporator加热器heater冷凝器condenser挡水器demiser抽气喷射器air ejector凝水泵distillate pump盐水泵brine pump闪发室flash chamber盐度计salinity indicator第8部分交流发电机及配电板Alternating Current Generator& Switchboard 交流发电机altemator直流发电机dynamo发电机generator电磁式发电机electro-magnetic generator励磁场线圈magnetic field coil自励self-excited串励serise-wound并励shunt-wound复励pound-wound定子stator转子rotor电刷electric brush灭弧罩arc shield原动机prime motor配电箱distribution board主配电板main switch board区域配电板section board汇流排bus bar配电板load-dispatching board(switch board) 频率fequency相位phase同相in phase同步指示器synchroscope自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator (AVR)自动分载装置automatic load-sharing device自动调频调载器automatic frequency and load regulator 发电机屏genertor pnel试验板test board供电网supply network岸电接线箱shore connection box脱扣装置trip device保护装置protection device欠压装置under-voltage protection失压装置no-voltage protection过载保护over-load protection过流保护over-current protection逆功率保护reverse power protection缺相保护open-phase protection短路电流保护short circuit current protection操纵平台control platform开关switch过载开关overload switch双刀开关double pole switch限位开关limit switch断路器breaker断流器cut-out自动断路器automatic circuit breaker过载断路器over load circuit breaker空气断路器air circuit breaker整流器rectifier变压器transformer耦合变压器couple transformer放大器amplifier换向器mutator起动器stater继电器relay电抗器reactor电阻器resisor电容器condenser (capacitor)接触器contactor接线盒connection box并车操作parallel operation电流表ammeter电压表voltmeter功率表wattmeter频率表frequency meter并车开关paralleling switch电动机motor三相电动机three-phase motor同步感应电动机synchronous induction motor异步电动机asynchronous motor鼠笼式电动机squirrel cage motor第9部分法规及消防设备Watchkeeping,International Convention &Fire FightingSTCW 公约《1978年海员international convention on standards of training,培训，发证和值班标准certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978国际公约》值班watchkeeping值班人员watchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)航行值班underway watch接班人员relief定员rating任职资格qualification值班要求watch requirements对职责的适应fitness for duty职责围areas of responsibility日常调节routine adjustment逃生路线escape routes驾驶台命令bridge order轮机日志engine room log book无人机舱un-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)国际公约international convention国际海事组织international maritime organization (IMO)海事委员会maritime mission(marit.)MARPOL公约《1973年防止international convention for the prevention of pollution船舶污染国际公约》（1978年修正）from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)SOLAS公约《国际海上人命安全公约》international convention for the safety of life at sea油类记录簿oil record book国际防止污染证书(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate原油洗舱(COW) crude oil washing system惰性气体系统(IGS) inert gas system专用压载舱(SBT) segregated ballast tanks清洁压载舱(CBT) clean ballast tanks排油监控系统oil discharge monitoring and control system焚烧炉incinerator散装有害液体货物记录簿cargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk 国际散装有害液体运输防污证书international pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulk客船安全证书passenger ship safety certificate货船无线电安全证书cargo ship safety radio certificate货船结构安全证书cargo ship safety construction certificate货船设备安全证书cargo ship safety equipment certificate中国船级社china classification society(CCS)中华人民国船舶检验局the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC) 定期检验periodical survey更新检验renewal survey年检annual survey中间检验intermediate survey火警探测器fire detector感烟探测器smoke detector火焰探测器flame detector感温探测器heat detector烟管警报系统smoke pipe fire alarm system蜂鸣器buzzer警铃alarm bell警报器howler灭火剂extinguishant灭火设备fire fighting equipment固定灭火设备fixed fire fighting equipment便携式灭火器portable extinguisher碳酸钠与酸混和灭火器soda-acid extinguisher泡沫式灭火器foam extinguisher化学泡沫式灭火器chemical foam extinguisher机械泡沫式灭火器mechanical foam extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon-dioxide extinguisher干粉灭火器dry powder extinguisher插销plunger钢瓶steel container喷嘴nozzle把手handle排出管discharge hose触发开关trigger control喇叭状喷管horn固定灭火装置fixed fire fighting installation救火泵fire pump应急救火泵emergency fire pump增压泵booster pump消防栓hydrant皮龙管hosepipe(hose)快速扣合接头snap-in connector喷头sprinkler head (sprayer)泡沫发生器foam generator惰性气体发生器insert gas generator消防部署fire fighting strategy消防演习fire fighting drills呼吸面具breathing apparatus卤化烃系统halon system卤化烃1301 halon 1301(BTM)卤化烃1211 halon 1211(BCF)第10 部分维修常用词汇Useful Expressions in Repair ListA. 故障Troubles发现已无法修复found beyond repir发现尺寸过大found over-sized发现反应缓慢found slow function发现不正常found out of order发现不合标准found not up to standard发现不准确found inaccurate发现失效found ineffective发现失去作用found out of function发现咬住found seized发现冻结found stuck fast by icing发现过热found over heated发现过度磨损found excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away) 发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined发现因过热而毁坏found destroyed by over heating发现龟裂found chapped发现塌陷found collapaed发现运转失灵found out of operation发现呈椭圆形found oval发现拉痕found scored发现拉毛面积found scuffed about XX in area发现变形found deformed发现变形超过xx mm found deformed over a length of XX MM发现松动found loose发现油污found greasy发现赃污found dirty发现挤铅found squeezed发现弯曲found bent发现故障found faulty发现结霜found frosted发现损坏found damaged发现破裂成片found broken into pieces发现部分剥离found partly detached发现部分阻塞found partly blocked发现剧烈震动found violent vibration发现效率不高found low efficiency发现挠曲found twisted发现烧坏found burnt发现堵塞found choked发现断裂found fractured发现接地found earthed发现敲缸found knocking发现漏泄found leaking(leaky)发现熔化found melted away发现缩减约10mm found reduced about 10 mm发现在气缸卡住found jammed up in the cylinder在某部位发现裂纹found cracked in way of如必要if necessary如发现必要if found chapped如发现有毛病any defectives if found一般要求General Requirements一式两份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)一式三份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)一式四份交轮机长to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicate送交轮机长to be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E) 厂供to be supplied by yard以备检验to be prepared for survey用波浪键修补to be remedied by means of metallock用船上备件替换to be replaced with ship's spare用千斤顶提起to be jacked up出具证书certificates to be issued出具检验报告survey report to be issued充to be charged充以二氧化碳气体to be filled with co2 gas运至to be transported to取消to be cancelled供应to be provided供验船师检验to be presented for surveyor's inspection所有钢瓶测试all bottles to be calibrated所有钢瓶称重all bottles to be weighted制造并供应to be made and supplied按现有的制作并安装to be fabricated and installed according to the existing one除霜to be defrosted砌to be paved重充氟里昂12 to be refilled with freon 12重充水银ti be recharged with marcury送至to be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )送车间修理to be sent to work shop for repaira退回船上作备用to be returned to ship as spare绘制图纸交船srawing to be made and sumitted to ship按要求修理to be repaired as required按302项处理treated as item 302。

rotational speed：转速capacity: 功率steam turbine: 蒸汽轮机gas turbine: 燃气轮机speed reduction ratio: 减速比displacement: 排量flexible coupling: 柔性联轴节maintenance interval：检修周期gasoline engine：汽油机draft：吃水线torsional vibration damper: 减振器torque：扭矩prime mover：原动机be aligned with: 与…对中alignment：对中thermal efficiency：热效率loop scavenge：回流扫气cross scavenge：横流扫气uniflow scavenge：直流扫气supercharge：增压tappet clearance：挺杆间隙spark plug：火花塞indicator diagram：示功图indicator cards：示功图mechanical efficiency：机械效率compressed air: 压缩空气coolant：冷却剂occur：发生spray of fuel: 雾状燃油，油雾timing: 定时foul: 使…脏污fouling：污垢，脏污stuffing box：填料函，填料箱atmospheric pressure：大气压camshaft：凸轮轴cam：凸轮internal combustion engine：内燃机MIP（mean indicated pressure）：平均指示压力combustion chamber：燃烧室compression ratio：压缩比cylinder bore: 缸径overlap：重叠cross-head pin：十字头销bearing shell：轴瓦drill：钻孔，钻井，演习angle：角度expose：暴露，打开cycle：工作循环uncover：打开descending piston：下行的活塞value：值，数值decrease：降低，下降increase：上升，增加governor：调速器governor weight：调速器的飞重fuel injection：燃油喷射，喷油reliability：可靠性stroke coefficient：冲程系数give off：释放，放出naturally aspirated：自然吸气的，自然换气的admit：准许进入intake valve：进气阀linear motion：直线运动rotary motion：回转运动atomization：雾化cylinder firing pressure：气缸的爆炸压力be subjected to: 受到，遭受，承受ignition lag：滞燃期ignition delay period：滞燃期degree：程度，学位back pressure：背压thermal energy：热能mechanical energy: 机械能clockwise：顺时针地turbocharger：涡轮增压器brake horsepower：制动马力friction：摩擦single acting：单作用式的blow down：排气mixing：混合的mixture: 混合物advantage：优势，优点disadvantage：劣势，缺点compare：对比rocker arm：摇臂foundation：基础support：支撑，支持maintenance access：维修通道doors：道门in-line engine：直列式柴油机Vee engine：V型柴油机connecting rod large end bearing：连杆大端轴承connecting rod small end bearing：连杆小端轴承cast iron：铸铁cast steel：铸钢scavenging air box：扫气箱inertia：惯性thermal expansion：热膨胀aluminum：铝，铝的bronze：铜的mount：安装bolt：螺栓，用螺栓固定cross girder：横梁longitudinal girder：纵梁heat energy：热能float：漂浮，浮动piston skirt：活塞裙gudgeon pin：活塞销spur gear：正齿轮camshaft gear train：凸轮轴齿轮系starting air valve：空气启动阀side-chock bolt：侧楔形螺栓end-chock bolt：端楔形螺栓distance piece：调隙片compression plate：压缩片compression ratio：压缩比bearing housing：轴承座bearing cap：轴承盖bearing bush:轴瓦trunk piston：筒状活塞axial：轴向的stud：双头螺栓nut: 螺母enclose：密闭，密封guide：引导，导板tie rod=tie bolt=through bolt：贯穿螺栓entablature：机架column：机架cylinder block：气缸体external：外部的，外面的internal：内部的，里面的running-in period：磨合期load：负载，负荷，装载bearing wear：轴承磨损replace：替换，代替replacement：替换，代替clearance：间隙gap：间距tolerance：公差carrier ring：承磨环machine：机器，机械，加工machinery：机械（总称）machined：加工的，车削的ridge：凸台，凸肩groove：凹槽invariably：总是，一直forge：锻造forged：锻造的worn out：磨损的shim：垫片crank web：曲柄臂crank throw: 曲柄臂，曲拐crankpin：曲柄销crankcase：曲柄箱spring：弹簧，春天heat-resistant steel：耐热钢wearing resistance：抗磨，耐磨journal 轴颈sealing ring：密封环scraper ring：刮油环fuel valve：油头lubricator:注油器chromium-plated：镀铬的cylinder wall：汽缸壁lift out：吊出（活塞）piston ring belt: 活塞环区域cooling jacket：冷却水套balance：使…平衡shim：垫片thick：厚的thin：薄的thickness：厚度deformation：变形double bottom：双层底location：位置，定位locate：位于length: 长度width:宽度height：高度circular space：环形空间assemble：组装disassemble：拆卸assembly：组件fore and aft：前后semi-built：半组合式的transmit：传递，传送bending stress：弯曲应力torsion stress：扭曲应力shear stress：剪切应力turning gear：盘车机fitted bolt：拂配螺栓white metal：白合金horizontally：水平地be fitted with：装有，带有be provided with：装有，带有be equipped with装有，带有circumference [sə'kʌmfərəns]: 圆周，周长nip：过盈压隙crush：过盈joint face：连接面，结合面diameter：直径oil distributor ring：布油环scraper ring：刮油环oil control ring：刮油环protective layer：保护层lining：衬有，内衬copper-lead alloy：铜铅合金aluminum-tin alloy：铝锡合金thin-walled：薄壁的flame hardened：淬火处理的shipchandler：船舶供应商bore：孔，镗孔thermal stress：热应力compressive stress：压应力forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统output：功率，输出cooling chamber：冷却腔crosshead shoes：十字头滑块slipper：滑块guide shoes：滑块dowel pin：定位销machine-turned：车削的projection：凸台vertical flange：垂直法兰coil spring：圈簧surface：表面slopping surface：倾斜表面sliding bearing：滑动轴承sludge：油渣main propulsion diesel engine：主推进柴油机tension：张力under tension：承受张力heater：加热器electric heater：电加热器timing gear：定时齿轮chain drives：链条驱动机构coincide with：重叠，一致center of gravity：重心statically balanced：静平衡wrist pin：活塞销heat conductivity：导热性oil film：油膜excess：过多的excessive：过多的，过大的rigid：结实的，坚实的transverse girder：横梁jack bolt：撑杆螺栓tap-bolt：锥头螺栓solid forged：整体锻造的solid bearing：整体式轴承polish：抛光telescopic pipe：伸缩管sag：下垂sagging：下沉量component：部件corrosion resistant：耐腐蚀的flame screen：防火网罩watertight compartment：水密舱taper：锥形的，逐渐减小的insert：插入：插件stationary part：固定部件statically balanced：静平衡dynamically balanced：动平衡turbulence：涡流flywheel：飞轮kinetic energy：动能fluctuation：波动valve stem：阀杆valve head：阀头valve cage：阀壳heat dissipation：散热water seal：水封wet liner：湿式缸套dry liner：干式缸套test cock：示功考克gasket：垫片knurling：滚花sodium：钠cold clearance：冷态间隙thrust：推力side thrust：侧推力manifold：总管bundle：管束overload：过载plasma coated：等离子涂层的oil sump：油底壳treat：处理，对待treatment：处理advanced firing：早燃retarded firing：后燃，发火滞后air venting arrangement：放气装置prime：灌注，注油priming：灌注priming pump：引液泵fuel supply passage：供油管路viscosity regulator：粘度调节器lifting check：起阀压力试验fuel main：总管plunger：柱塞spindle：针阀available：可用的，可得到的manoeuvring condition：机动操纵状态specification：规格grade:规格specific gravity：比重specify：规定service tank：日用柜day tank：日用柜port：港口，开口pressurize：加压injector nozzle：喷油嘴clog：堵塞particle：颗粒，颗粒状index：刻度，指数reading：读数rack：齿条rack and pinion arrangement：齿条/齿轮装置transfer pump：驳运泵bunker tank：燃油舱banker list：加油单have much to do with：与…..有很大的关系have nothing to do with：与…..没有关系quality：质量quantity：数量earlier ignition：发火提早stick open：保持开启状态oil sump：油底壳settling tank：沉淀柜droplet：水珠，油滴strainer：粗滤器fine filter：细滤器at interval：定期地prevent from doing sth.:防止做某事set：设定setting：设定量，设定值preset：预先设定buffer tank：缓冲柜balance tank：平衡柜（集油柜）service tank：日用柜cleared of：排除，清除barrel：套筒sleeve：套筒pipe：管子duct：管道，导管hose：软管flash point：闪点overflow：溢出（满了溢出）spill：溢油full ahead：全速前进fuel consumption：燃油消耗save：挽救，救生，节省economical speed：经济转速purify：分离，清洁purifier：分水机clarifier：分杂机foreign matter：杂质follower：滚轮calorific value：发热值pour point：倾点diameter：直径original：原来的，开始的vibration：振动penetration of fuel：燃油穿透penetration：穿透力distribution of fuel：燃油分布minimize：使….最小化maximize：使…..最大化shut down：关闭，切断cut off：终止，关闭check valve：止回阀jerk pump：喷射泵meter：计量，测量，米proper metering：精确计量parameter：参数size：尺寸carbon accumulation：结炭flow rate：流速break up：分裂，破裂，分手manufacture：制造商precaution：预防措施contamination：污染，脏污cetane rating：十六烷值cetane number：十六烷值secure the fuel supply：切断燃油供应take place：发生，开始commence：发生，开始slope：斜面spill port：回流孔，溢流孔build up：建立，积聚helix：螺旋槽MCR：最大持续功率base circle：基圆sulfur：硫water vapor：水蒸汽acid：酸，酸的malfunction：故障ash：灰duplex pressure gage：双联压力表thermostatic：恒温的needle valve：针阀differential needle valve：差压式针阀constant volume：定容constant pressure：定压unit injector：单体式喷油器misfiring：不发火vanadium：钒sodium：钠indicate：显示，表示contribute to：有利于，导致block：堵塞compressibility:压缩性remove：清除，去除sounding tube：深管sounding rod：量油杆oil impingement：注油cavitation （erosion）:气穴，汽蚀booster pump：增压泵salt water：海水raw water：海水air cooler：空冷器make up：补充，补给distilled water：蒸馏水in contact with：与….接触facilitate：有利于，促进prior to：在….之前acid solution strength：酸性强度lime：石灰，氧化钙get rid of：去除，排除，摆脱release：释放mechanical property：机械性能expansion tank：膨胀水箱head tank：高置（膨胀）水箱coolant：冷却剂inoperative：不运转的，不运行的frost：结霜individual：单独的，独立的deposit：沉积物，沉淀物scale：水垢rust：生锈，铁锈dividing wall：分隔板overheat：过热explosion：爆炸chemical addition：投药，添加化学品additive：添加剂steam coil：蒸汽盘管anti-corrosion oil：防锈油inorganic inhibitor：无机缓蚀剂corrosion inhibitor：抗腐蚀剂regulate：调节modulate：调节head：压头volume：体积，容积closed cooling system：闭式冷却系统a portion of：一部分heat exchanger：换热器slightly：轻微的，轻度的nozzle holder：喷嘴座crack：裂纹suspect：怀疑baffle plate：挡板sacrificial zinc：保护性锌块soluble oil：可溶性油thermometer：温度计obstruct：堵塞，阻塞impeller：叶轮fin：翅片alarm：报警，警报器activate：激发，动作housing：壳体concentric：同心的bi-directional operation：双向运行compensating tank：补偿水箱（膨胀水箱）salinity：盐分，盐度alternative：选择，替代deaerating tank：除气柜three-way valve：三通阀flush：吹洗，冲洗oil barge：油驳interlocking device：连锁装置reversing：换向pilot air：控制空气，先导空气air distributor：空气分配器fusible plug：易熔塞guard against：防止air reservoir=air bottle=air receiver：空气瓶pneumatic control system：气动控制系统pneumatic tool：气动工具drain cock：放残考克blade：叶片turbine：透平remote valve：遥控阀air start lever：空气启动手柄instrument：仪表humidity：水分starting air distributor：启动空气分配器sufficient：充足的，足够的consecutive start：连续启动knocking sound：敲缸condensate：凝水condensation：冷凝run roughly：运转不平稳delay：推迟，延迟clearance volume：余隙容积two stage compressor：两级空气压缩机intercooler：中间冷却器，中冷器aftercooler：后冷器airborne：空气中携带的valve plate:阀片valve strip：阀片valve face：阀面valve seat：阀座volumetric efficiency：容积效率LP cylinder：低压缸HP cylinder：高压缸trip：跳闸overload relay：过载继电器dew point：露点splash lubrication：飞溅润滑water hammer：水击air delivery line：排出管路non-return valve：止回阀，单向阀carbonization：碳化throttling：节流solenoid：电磁的idle speed：怠速storage tank：储存柜neutralize：中和neutralization number：中和值alkalinity：碱detergency：清洁剂fundamental：基本的guard against：防止stern-tube bearing：尾轴承lignum vitae：铁梨木emulsion oil：乳化油，乳化防锈油sodium nitrite：硝酸钠additive：添加剂approved：认可的galvanize：镀锌investigation：调查gas seal 气封pot-shaped piston：筒状活塞analyze：分析total loss system：全消耗系统recirculation system：循环系统renew：更新，换新renewal：更新，换新static head：静压头in duplicate：一式两份，一式两台carry away：带走magnetic filter：磁性滤器blow out：吹洗in that：在于，因为former：前者latter：后者forced lubrication system：强制润滑系统employ：采用，使用，利用，雇佣hydrostatic lubrication：液体静力润滑impurity：杂质to a great extent：在很大程度上deterioration：恶化heat transfer：传热wear detritus：磨屑trouble-free life：无故障寿命dilute：冲淡，稀释，降低mist detector：油雾检测器monitor：检测，监控duplex filter：双联式滤器audible/visual alarm：声光报警shaker：振荡scuffing：划伤remain：保持remaining：剩余的retain：保留clogged：堵塞的hard varnish：硬的清漆pitting：点蚀oxidize：氧化carbon deposit：积碳detergent oil：净化油orifice：油孔diffuser：扩压器constant-pressure：定压增压pulse pressure：脉冲增压angle：角度，成….角度smoky exhaust：排气冒黑烟opposite：相反的，相对的supercharging：增压make use of：利用blower：鼓风机turboblower：涡轮增压器adjacent：相邻的in comparison to：与…相比compared to：与…相比fabricated：锻造的swirl：旋转rated speed：额定速度rated load：额定负载oxygen：氧气oxidize：使…氧化average：平均的velocity：速度directly proportional to：成正比characteristic：特点in conjunction with：和….一起performance：性能utilize：利用，使用furnish：提供muffle：消音，降低gas exchange：换气lose power：损失功率loss of pressure：失压take out=disengage:脱开put in=engage：合上FWE=finished with engine：完车give a trial：试车ahead and astern: 正倒车packing box：填料箱overhaul：大修stall：停止，停车enlarge：扩大，变大abnormal：不正常on no account：绝不，不可以seizure：卡住，咬缸gradually：逐渐地，逐步地remedy：补救，补修metalock：金属扣合法warm up:加温，暖机unless：除非surge：喘振spark：火星paint：油漆blistering：起泡peeling：剥落withdraw：取出routine 日常的，周期性的whilst=while：当…时候eliminate：消除，清除ambient temperature：环境温度regarding：关于with regard to：关于，对于….来说ventilation：通风vacuum：真空risk：风险，危险hazard：危险head wind：顶风heavy sea：风浪大combustion knock：燃烧过程粗暴wheelhouse：驾驶台contaminant：杂质，污染物cease：停止defect：损坏，缺陷sensor：传感器dead slow ahead：微速前进distribution：分配，布置，配电idle：闲置的guarantee：保证，确保pressure-volume diagram：压容图jerk pump：脉动泵，急拉式泵by-product：副产品erosion：剥蚀spark arrestor：火花消除器navigation：航行score：划痕scratch：刮痕abrasive particle：磨蚀颗粒pyrometer：高温计（测量排烟温度）manometer：压力计pressure gauge：压力表dial indicator：千分表，量缸表micrometer：千分表feeler：塞尺straight edge：直尺bridge gauge：桥规（轴颈下沉量，较小的主轴承磨损）blow-by：漏气break-in period：磨合期hone：搪磨detuner：减震器verify：检查，证实underway：航行时at partial load：部分负载localized：局部的local：当地的，机旁的file：锉blank off：堵死rotor：转子metal scraper：金属刮刀wrench：扳手moisture：水分muffler=silencer：消音器switch on：接通absolute pressure：绝对压力（=表压力+大气压力）air blast pump：抽气泵quay：码头direction handle：换向手柄coke deposit：积碳asphalt：沥青boss：桨毂hub：桨毂，轮毂variable pitch propeller：调距桨controllable pitch propeller：调距桨constant pitch propeller：定距桨fixed pitch propeller：定距桨tail shaft：尾轴intermediate shaft、；中间轴mass：重量in turn：依次，循序thrust block：推力块thrust pad：推力块reversing gear：换向装置axial movement：轴向运动solid propeller：整体式螺旋桨stem：船尾astern：船尾bow：艏，船头apparent slip：滑失比helix：螺旋线helicoidal：螺旋面，螺旋状的uniform pitch：定螺距non-uniform pitch：不定螺距pitch ratio：螺距比rubber：橡胶sterntube bearing：尾轴管轴承common rail system：共轨燃油系统VIT= variable injection timing: 可喷油定时。

《书写部分》7.AC generator and DC generator are similar in that they both generate alternation voltages.8.Disconnect the pilot air pipe to avoid starting air to the cylinder head.9.When the current in a powe transmission line is increased, the power loss「increases as the square of the current.2.increases in direct proportion as the current.10.Administrations should bear in mind the significance of communication and language skills in maintaining safety of lifeand property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.11.One of the disadvantage of using carbon dioxide to extinguish a fire in an enclosed space is prolonged exposure to highconcentration of CO2 gas causes suffocation.12.When checking the liquid level in a tank, you should position yourself 1.on the windward side ( x ). 2.at a right angle tothe wind direction.13.Obviously, for a given fuel oil, its pour point is lower than its cold point.14.In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.15.Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine.16.Set the HP fuel pump out of service by blocking pin17.It is common for the lubrication oil pump suction to be clogged with the dirt left in the crankcase after work has been doneon the engine.18.Sufficient portable water may be taken on in port to meet crew and passenger requirements.19.The test results are summarized as follows.20. A metering pump is a pump that has been designed primarily for measuring and dispensing a liquid, rather than merelytransferring it from one side to another.21.The various temperature and pressure valves for the cooling water and lubrication oil should be at, or near to, themanufacturer's designed values for the particular speed or fuel lever settings.22.The rotor of the hydraulic motor rotates at a speed proportional to the flow of oil.23.At least 4 cylinder in a two-stroke engine will be configured to ensure that the engine can be started with the crankshaftat whatever position.24.If the atomizer holes are enlarged beyond the maker's recommended size, the atomizer must be replaced.25.Shims of different thickness are inserted between the shells to enable adjustment of the bearing clearances.26.The way to reduce friction is to build up a flim or lubricant between any two surface that rub against each other.27. A positive displacement pump is that where the volume of the pump chamber is alternately increased to draw the liquid inand then decreased to force the liquid out.。

²第一部分日常用语：Daily EnglishⅠ:问候、介绍、告别（Greetings、introductions and farewells）1、I’m a fitter (electrician、piper ). 钳工、电工、管子工2、He is an inspector(QC). 检验员3、Welcome to our shipyard.Ⅱ:致谢、道歉（Gratitude and Apologies）1、Do me a favour, please. 请多帮忙2、When shall we deliver it? 提交f3、Please wait a moment.4、Will this way take me to the foreign office? 外事办5、Right-about-face向后转ⅢLife in the yard1、Have you got used to the life here?2、Please hold the handrails well. 请抓好扶手3、Please use your intercom.（walkie-talkie）对讲机4、How about quality? 质量怎么样？5、There’s something wrong with the drawing.6、Sorry, It’s my fault. 是我的过错7、Don’t worry. That’s easy to deal with.8、Let’s start to check some items. 开始验收吧9、Are you satisfied with it?10、The vibration (temperature、pressure、speed) is normal. 振动（温度、压力、速度）是正常11、Sorry, it has not been finished yet.12、Submission (Delivery) is Okay. 提交（验收）成功常用句型Common Patterns1、That is an exhaust valve. 排气阀2、These are blowers. 鼓风机3、There are ten workers in our group.4、He is a technician. 技术员5、I am a fitter. 钳工6、When shall we have a check?7、Will you please give me a hand?第二部分管子部分Ⅰ.管子加工后提交用语：Delivery expressions after pipe processing1、Which system is this pipe for?2、How many pipes are there altogether?3、What’s the designed test pressure ? It is 12 kilograms/cm2设计规定的试验压力是多少？12公斤/厘米2。

M/E GENERALM/E SHAFT REVOLUITION 主机曲轴转速M/E T/C REVOLUITION 主机透平转速M/E FUEL LOAD 主机燃油负荷M/E MANU EMERG TRIP 主机手动应急停车M/E OVER SPEED TRIP 主机超速停车M/E LO LP TRIP 主机滑油低压停车M/E TN BRG LO HT TRIP 主机推力轴承滑油高温停车M/E EXH V.SPR AIR IP TRIP 主机排气阀弹簧空气低压停车M/E JACKET CFW LP S/D 主机缸套水低压降速M/E CROSSHEAD LO LP S/D 主机十字头滑油低压降速M/E LO SYSTEM 主机滑油系统M/E LO IN P 主机滑油进口压力M/E CROSSHEAD LO IN P 主机十字头滑油进口压力M/E LO IN T 主机滑油进口温度M/E TH.BRG LO OUT T 主机推力轴承滑油出口温度M/E TH.BRG LO OUT T S/D 主机推力轴承滑油出口温度降速M/E LO IN FILTER DIFF P 主机滑油进口的自清虑器压力M/E T/C LO BLOWER SIDE T 主机透平滑油（压气端）温度M/E CRANK CASEOIL MIST 注胶机曲拐箱油雾浓度M/E CYL OIL 1 FLOW 主机1缸汽缸油流量M/E CYL OIL 2 FLOW 主机2缸汽缸油流量M/E CYL OIL 3 FLOW 主机3缸汽缸油流量M/E CYL OIL 4 FLOW 主机4缸汽缸油流量M/E CYL OIL 5 FLOW 主机5缸汽缸油流量M/E CYL OIL 6 FLOW 主机6缸汽缸油流量M/E FO SYSTEM 主机燃油系统M/E FO IN P 主机燃油进口压力M/E FO IN T 主机燃油进口温度M/E FO FLOW 主机燃油流量M/E FO 2ND FILTER DIFF P 主机燃油2号自清滤器压力M/E FO VISCOSTTY 主机燃油粘度M/E AIR 主机空气M/E SCAV AIR RECEIV T 主机扫气温度（整体）M/E SCAV AIR 1MANIF T 主机1缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 2MANIF T 主机2缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 3MANIF T 主机3缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 4MANIF T 主机4缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 5MANIF T 主机5缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 6MANIF T 主机6缸扫气温度M/E SCAV AIR 1MANIF T S/D 主机1缸扫气温度降速M/E SCAV AIR 2MANIF T S/D 主机2缸扫气温度降速M/E SCAV AIR 3MANIF T S/D 主机3缸扫气温度降速M/E SCAV AIR 4MANIF T S/D 主机4缸扫气温度降速M/E SCAV AIR 5MANIF T S/D 主机5缸扫气温度降速M/E SCAV AIR 6MANIF T S/D 主机6缸扫气温度降速M/E START AIR IN P 主机启动空气进口压力M/E REMOTE CONT AIR P 主机遥控空气压力M/E EXH V.SPPING AIR P 主机排气阀弹簧空气压力1-MAIN AIR RESERVDM/E PISTON COOL OIL 主机活塞冷却油M/E PISTON CO 1OUT T 主机1缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 2OUT T 主机2缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 3OUT T 主机3缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 4OUT T 主机4缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 5OUT T 主机5缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 6OUT T 主机6缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 1OUT T S/D 主机1缸活塞冷却油出口温度M/E PISTON CO 2OUT T S/D （当异常时降速）M/E PISTON CO 3OUT T S/DM/E PISTON CO 4OUT T S/DM/E PISTON CO 5OUT T S/DM/E PISTON CO 6OUT T S/DM/E PISTON CO 1 FLOW 主机1缸活塞冷却油流量M/E PISTON CO 2 FLOWM/E PISTON CO 3 FLOW 主机3缸活塞冷却油流量M/E PISTON CO 4 FLOWM/E PISTON CO 5 FLOWM/E PISTON CO 6 FLOWM/E COOL F.W .SEA WATER 主机冷却淡水和海水M/E JACKET CFW IN T 主机缸套冷却淡水进口温度M/E JACKET CFW 1 OUT T 主机1缸冷却淡水出口温度M/E JACKET CFW 2 OUT TM/E JACKET CFW 3 OUT TM/E JACKET CFW 4 OUT TM/E JACKET CFW 5 OUT TM/E JACKET CFW 6 OUT TM/E JACKET CFW IN P 主机缸套冷却淡水进口压力M/E JACKET CFW 1 OUT T S/D 主机1缸冷却淡水出口温度（当异常是降速）（高温或低温）M/E JACKET CFW 2 OUT T S/DM/E JACKET CFW 3 OUT T S/DM/E JACKET CFW 4 OUT T S/DM/E JACKET CFW 5 OUT T S/DM/E JACKET CFW 6 OUT T S/DM/E SEA WATER IN P 主机海水进口压力M/E SEA WATER IN T 主机海水进口温度M/E EXH GAS 主机排气M/E EXH GAS 1 OUT T 主机1缸排气出口温度M/E EXH GAS 2 OUT TM/E EXH GAS 3 OUT TM/E EXH GAS 4 OUT TM/E EXH GAS 5 OUT TM/E EXH GAS 6 OUT TEXH GAS TEMP AVERAGE 主机排气温度EXH GAS TEMP DEV SET 排气温度差值设置EXH GAS TEMP H-LIMIT 排气温度高限EXH GAS TEMP L-REST 排气温度低温变更（颜色有变化）M/E EXH GAS T/C IN T 主机排气透平进口温度M/E EXH GAS T/C OUT T 主机排气透平出口温度M/E EXH GAS 1 OUT T S/D 主机排气1缸出口温度（当异常时降速）M/E EXH GAS 2 OUT T S/DM/E EXH GAS 3 OUT T S/DM/E EXH GAS 4 OUT T S/DM/E EXH GAS 5 OUT T S/DM/E EXH GAS 6 OUT T S/DM/E CONTROL SYSTEM 主机控制系统M/E START CONDITION 主机启动工况M/E BRIDGE CONTROL 主机驾驶台控制M/E EMERG CVERRIDE 主机紧急超速M/E CRITICAL SPEED 主机临界转速WRONG WAY 错误方法M/E TELEGRAPH SOURCE 主机车钟电源SAETY SYSTEM SOURCE 安全系统电源M/E CONT ELECT AC SOURCE 主机控制的交流电源M/E CONT ELECT DC SOURCE 主机控制的直流电源M/E REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM 主机遥控系统M/E SAFETY SYSTEM 主机保护系统M/E ELECT GOVERNOR 主机自动调速器VIT AND FQS SYSTEMM/E CYL LUB SYSTEM 主机汽缸油系统ELECTRIC SYSTEM 电力系统1-GEN POWER 1号发电机功率2-GEN POWER3-GEN POWERMAIN BUS VOLTAG/E 主配电板电压MAIN BUS FREQUENCY 主配电板频率PREFERNCE TRIP 预停车1-GEN ACB 1号发电机空气断路器2-GEN ACB3-GEN ACB 3号发电机空气断路器GEN AUTO SYNCHRO 发电机自动并电GEN ACB CPU 发电机空气断路器集成电路GAC SYSTEMMSB CONTROL SOURCE 主配电板控制电源EMERGENCY GEN SYSTEM 应急发电机系统MSB AC 440V INSULATION 主配电板交流440V绝缘ESB AC 110V INSULATION 应急配电板交流110V绝缘SSB AC 110V INSULATION 普通交流110V绝缘BATT CA DC 24V INSULATION 蓄电池充电24V绝缘L-6 AC 110V INSULATION L-6交流110V绝缘TRIPPING SOURCE 跳闸电源BATT CH DC 24V POWER1-GEN STATOR COIL T(R) 1号发电机励磁线圈温度（R项）1-GEN STATOR COIL T(S) 1号发电机励磁线圈温度（S项）1-GEN STATOR COIL T(T) 1号发电机励磁线圈温度（T项）2-GEN STATOR COIL T(R)2-GEN STATOR COIL T(S)2-GEN STATOR COIL T(T)3-GEN STATOR COIL T(R)3-GEN STATOR COIL T(S)3-GEN STATOR COIL T(T)G/E GENERALG/E FO IN P 发电机燃油进口压力G/E FO IN T 发电机燃油进口温度G/E FO FLOW 发电机燃油流量G/E FO 2ND FILTER DIFF P 发电机燃油2层自清虑器压力G/E FO VISCOSITY 发电机燃油粘度1-G/E LO IN P 1号发电机滑油进口压力1-G/E LO IN T 1号发电机滑油进口温度1-G/E CFW IN P 1号发电机冷却淡水进口压力1-G/E CFW OUT T 1号发电机冷却水进出口温度1-G/E EXH GAS T/C IN T 1号排气透平进口温度1-G/E START CONDITION 1号发电机启动工况1-G/E START AIR P 1号起动空气压力1-G/E OVER SPEED TRIP 1号发电机超速停车1-G/E LO IN LP TRIP 1号发电机滑油进口低压停车1-G/E J.CFW OUT HT TRIP 1号发电机缸套冷却水出口高温停车1-G/E LO IN FILT DIFF P 1号发电机进口自清滤器压力1-G/E T/C LO P 1号发电机透平滑油压力STEAM GEN PLANT 蒸汽发电装置AUX BLR DRUM STEAM P 付锅炉鼓蒸汽压力AUX BLR FO FLOW 付锅炉燃油流量AUX BLR DRUM WATER L 付锅炉鼓水位AUX BLR FO HEAT OUT T 付锅炉燃油加热器出口温度AUX BLR TRIP 付锅炉失火AUX BLR BURNER FLAME 付锅炉燃烧器火焰PURIFIER SYSTEM 分油机系统1-FO PURIFIER 1号燃油分油机1-PURIF FO HEAT OUT T 1号分油机燃油加热器出口温度2-FO PURIFIER 2号燃油分油机2-PURIF FO HEAT OUT T 2号分油机燃油加热器出口温度1-2 LO PURIFIER 1-2号滑油分油机TANK TEMP & LEVEL 油柜或水柜的温度和液位HFO SERV TK T 重油日用柜温度HFO SETT TK T 重油沉淀柜温度1-WASTE OIL SERV TK T 1号废油柜温度2-WASTE OIL SERV TK T 2号非有柜温度HFO SERV TK L 重油日用柜油位HFO SETT TK L 重油沉淀柜油位DO SERV TK L 轻油日用柜油位M/E FO LEAK OIL TKL 主机燃油泄露柜油位G/E FO LEAK OIL TKL 付机燃油泄露柜油位FO/LO SLUDGE TK L 燃油、滑油油渣柜（分油机低）HFO OVERFLOW TK L 重油溢油柜油位1-WASTE OIL SERV TK L 1号废油柜油位2-WASTE OIL SERV TK L 2号废油柜油位CYL OIL ALARM CH.AMB L 汽缸油报警腔室油位LO SUMP TK L 主机油底壳油位BILGE TK L 污水柜警报BILGE SEP OIL TK L 污水柜S/T LO GRAV TK L 尾油滑油重力柜油位（位于舵机房门上S/T FWD SEAL OIL TK L 尾油前部轴封油柜油位S/T 2#.3# SEAL OIL TK L 尾轴2.3道轴封柜油位FO DRAIN TK L 燃油泄放柜油位LO DRAIN TK L 滑油泄放柜油位COOL WATER EXP TK L 冷却水膨胀水柜水位CASCADE TK L 热水井水位PURIF OPE WATER TK L 分油机工作水柜水位E/R FWD-S BILGE WELL L 机舱前右污水井水位E/R FWD-P BILGE WELL L 机舱前左污水井水位E/R AFT BILGE WELL L 机舱后污水井水位BLR/INCINERATOR DO TK L 锅炉，焚烧炉柴油柜油位BOSUN STORE BILGE WELL L 水手长储藏间污水井水位FMERG FIRE PP RM BILGE L 应急消防泵间污水井水位1-DOUBLE DOTTOM FO TK L 1号燃油舱油位2-DOUBLE DOTTOM FO TK L 2号燃油舱油位3-DOUBLE DOTTOM FO TK L 3号燃油舱油位SEWAGE TREAT TK L 粪便柜水位DO TK L 柴油柜油位STEER GEAR1-STEER GEAR 1号舵机2-STEER GEAR 2号舵机1-STEER GEAR LOAD 1号舵机负载2-STEER GEAR LOAD 2号舵机负载1-STEER GEAR POWER 1号舵机功率2-STEER GEAR POWER 2号舵机功率1-STEER GEAR HYC OIL TK L 1号舵机液压柜油位2-STEER GEAR HYC OIL TK L 2号舵机液压柜油位1-AUTO PILOT CONT POWER 1号自动导航仪控制能源2-AUTO PILOT CONT POWER 2号自动导航仪控制能源AUX MACHINERYMAIN CSW PUMP 主冷却海水泵F,BIL,BILL &BT-BY CSW PP消防污水压载和备用冷却海水泵1-JACKET CFW PUMP 1号缸套冷却淡水泵2-JACKET CFW PUMP 2号缸套冷却淡水泵1-CROSSHEAD LO PUMP 1号十字头滑油泵2-CROSSHEAD LO PUMP 2号十字头滑油泵1-LO PUMP 1号滑油泵2-LO PUMP 2号滑油泵1-M/E FO SUPPLY PUMP 1号主机燃油供应泵2-M/E FO SUPPLY PUMP 2号主机燃油供应泵1-M/E FO CIRC PUMP 1号主机燃油循环泵2-M/E FO CIRC PUMP 2号主机燃油循环泵1-G/E FO SUPPLY PUMP 1号发电机燃油供应泵2-G/E FO SUPPLY PUMP 2号发电机燃油供应泵1-G/E FO CIRC PUMP 1号发电机燃油循环泵2-G/E FO CIRC PUMP 2号发电机燃油循环泵1-SEA WATER SERV PUMP 1号日用海水泵2-SEA WATER SERV PUMP 2号日用海水泵LO TRANS PUMP 滑油驳运泵FIRE & GS PUMP 消防及通用海水泵BALLAST PUMP 压载水泵AUX BAIIAST PUMP 付压载水泵1-FEED W PUMP 1号给水泵2-FEED W PUMP 2号给水泵BILGE PUMP 污水泵SLUDGE PUMP 污油泵1-FRESH W PUMP 1号淡水泵2-FRESH W PUMP 2号淡水泵1-DRINK W PUMP 1号引用水泵2-DRINK W PUMP 2号引用水泵HFO TRANS PUMP 重油驳运泵AUX FO TRANS PUMP 辅助燃油驳运泵1-PURIF FO FEED PUMP 1号分油机燃油供给泵2-PURIF FO FEED PUMP 2号分油机燃油供给泵1-PURIF LO FEED PUMP 1号分油机滑油供给泵2-PURIF LO FEED PUMP 2号分油机滑油供给泵HOT W CIRC PUMP 热水循环泵AIR COND HOT W CIRC PUMP 空调热水循环泵OILY WATER SEPARATOR 油水分离器1-MAIN AIR COMP 1号空压机2-MAIN AIR COMP 2号空压机SERV AIR COMP 日用空压机1-AUX BLOWER 1号辅助鼓风机2-AUX BLOWER 2号辅助鼓风机1-E/R VENT FAN 1号机房鼓风机2-E/R VENT FAN 2号机房鼓风机PURIF SPACE EXH FAN 分油机间排气扇G/E DO SUPPLY PUMP 发电机轻油供应泵FW GENERATOR 造水机CONT AIR DRYER 控制空气干燥器1-AIR COND REF COMP 1号空调制冷压缩机2-AIR COND REF COMP 2号空调制冷压缩机1-PROV REF COMP 1号制冷压缩机（冰机）2-PROV REF COMP 2号制冷压缩机（冰机）INCINERATOR 焚烧炉INCINERATOR EXH GAS TEMP 焚烧炉排气温度INCINERATOR FURNACE TEMP 焚烧炉炉膛温度MISCELLANEOUS 混杂的S/T BEARING T 尾轴轴承温度FIRE 火警FIRE DETECT SYSTEM FAIL 火警探测系统中断MARINE GROWTH PREVENT SYSTEM 防海生物系统FW GEN DIST W SALINITY 造水机冷凝水盐度CALORIFIER FW OUT T 加热器热水出口温度DEAD MAN CALL 轮机员事故呼叫EMERG SHUT AIR RESERV P 应急速闭空气储存器压力REF PROV CHAMBER T 冷库温度MONITOR SYSTEM 监测系统CONSOLE AC SOURCE 控制板（仪表板）交流电源CONSOLE DC SOURCE 控制板（仪表板）直流电源IN-PUT SYSTEM CONDITION 输入系统工况SENSOR CONDITION 传感器工况PARTNER CPU CONDITION 集成电路工况OUT-PUT SYSTEM CONDITION 输出系统工况FUNC TEST ANALOG 功能测试对比FUNC TEST DEGITAL 功能测试数据。

船舶航海英语词汇Ranks of ship’s crew(船员职务)crew 船员captain（master）船长chief officer 大副or chief mate（first mate）second chief 二副or second matethird officer 三副or third mateassistant officer 驾助radio officer（radio 报务员operator, wireless operator）purser (chief purser) 管事,事物长clerk 事务员boatswain or bosun 水手长cassab 副水手长quartermaster 舵工coxswain 舵工,艇长able seaman 全能水手,一水a.b.(able bodied seaman) 全能水手e. D.h. , d.h.u. 全能水手o.s.(ordinary seaman) 普通水手,二水seaman, mariner 普通水手,海员deck boy 甲板员engineer 轮机员chief engineer 轮机长,大车,老轨second engineer 大管轮,二车,二轨third engineer 二管轮,三车,三轨fourth engineer 三管轮,四车,四轨assistant engineer 轮助mechanic 机工fireman 生火cleaner or wiper 清洁工chief steward 大管事(or catering officer)second steward 二管事chief cook 大厨second cook 二厨supernumerary 额外人员ship’scomplement 船上的定员deck serang 水手长deck tindal 副水手长seacunny 舵工Names of marine organizations and their( 船务机关名称及工作人员)harbour administration bureau (or harbour bureau) 港务局the joint inspection party-inward and outward 进口联合检查组harbour supervision office 港务监督the customs 海关frontier inspection station 边防检查站quarantine office (s0ervice) 卫生检疫所animal and plant quarantine service 动植物检疫所china commodity inspection and testing bureau(ccitb) 中国商品检验局china marine bunker supply corporation 中国船舶燃料供应公司china national chartering corporation(zhongzu) 中国租船公司china ocean shipping agency 中国外轮代理公司china ocean shipping company (cosco) 中国远洋运输公司china ocean shipping company chartering department(coschard)中国远洋轮船公司租船部 (“中远租”)chian ocean shipping tally company 中国外轮理货公司china ocean shipping supply corporation(supco.) 中国外轮供应公司the ~ office of the register of shipping of the people’s republic of china 中华人民共和国船舶检验局~办事处joint inspection party 联检小组customs officer 海关官员harbour officer 港务监督员frontier defence officer (inspector ,guard) 边防检查组Quarantine officer(dotor) 卫生检疫员customs boarding office 登轮官员customs searching party 海关检查组docker 码头工人(广义)longshoreman 码头工人(在岸上装卸)stevedore 码头工人(在船上装卸)foreman 装卸队长pilot 引水员cargo surveyor 商品检验员marine or ship surveyor 验船师chief tallyman 理货员waterman 加水工人agent 代理Marine loading and discharging gear and harbour facilities（海运装卸机械工具和港口设施）barge 驳船beacon 航标灯belt conveyor 皮带运输机board palnk 木版bridge crane 桥吊，装卸桥bunkering tanker 供燃料船buoy 浮筒，浮标can hook，barrel sling 吊桶钩canvas 帆布canvas sling 吊货帆布袋cargo tray 吊货盘cargo runner 吊货钢丝绳chafing plate 防擦板chafing mat 防擦席chain sling 链条吊索crane 吊车cold storage 冷藏仓库conveyor belt 传送带crowbar 撬杠customs launch 海关关艇dolphin 系缆桩dunnage 垫仓物料electric crane 电吊elevator 升降机ferry boat 轮渡船fire boat 消防船floating crane 浮吊footboard 踏板fork - lift 铲车，叉车funnel 漏斗gangboard 跳板gantry crane 龙门吊garbage(sludge,sewage) boat 垃圾船grab 抓斗grain elevator 吸粮机hammer 铁锤handcart 手推车harbour light 港口灯标iron nail 铁钉landing pier 登岸码头lifting maget 西铁吊具lighter 驳船light house 灯塔light ship 灯船manila rope 白棕绳mat 席子mobile crane 流动吊车mooring anchorage 系泊锚地mooring buoy 系泊浮筒motor launch 小汽艇nylon rope 尼龙绳oil hose 输油软管open yard 露天货场personnelboat 交通艇pilot boat 引水船plate hook 钢板吊钩pontoon 浮码头pontoon bridge 浮桥quarantine anchorage 检疫锚地quarantine vessel 检疫船refrigerator car 冷藏车rope sling 绳吊索saw 锯semi-portal crane 半门吊shifting board 防动板signal tower 信号台steam launch 小汽艇steel wire 钢丝绳tower crane 塔吊tractor 牵引车traffic boat 交通艇tug boat(motor tug) 拖轮warehouse 仓库water boat 供水船watr lever indicator 水深标尺wire cargo net 钢丝网络wire sling 钢丝吊索various kind of vessels（各种船舶）air cushion craft 气垫船bage-carrier 载驳货船bulb-bowed ship 球鼻首船bulk-carrier 散货船cargo liner 定期货船collier 散货船crew boat （船员）联络船diesel boat 柴油机船dry cargo ship 干货船dumb lighter 驳船（没有机器的）freighter 货船oil barge 油驳ore carrier（ore ship）矿砂船reefer（refrigerator ship）冷冻船salvage vessel 救助船grain carrier 运量船light ship 未载货的货船lumber carrier（timber carrier）运木船meat ship 肉类船moto ship 内燃机船ocean-going vessel 远洋船sister ship 姐妹船steam ship 蒸汽机船stor carrier 补给船tanker（oil tanker）油驳trawler 拖网渔船Major marine papers and certificates（主要船务单据及证书）（1）papers单据application for bunkers 加(燃油)申请书application for tallyman 理货申请书bill of lading 提单booking note 订舱单boat note 订载单cargo receipt 交货收据cargo tally sheet 理货记数单copy 副本damaged cargo report 货物残损报告书declaration 申报单delivery order 交货单dock receipt 码头收据gang record 工班报单hatch(cargo)list 分舱单inward manifest 进口舱单license 许可证mate’s receipt 收货单notice of arrival 到货通知书motice of claim 索赔通知notice of readiness 准备就绪通知书on-spot record 现场记录original 正本outward manifest 出口舱单parcel receipt 小包收据sailing orders 开航通知shipper’s export declaration 货物出口申请书shipping list 装货通知书shipping permit 准运单short/overlanded cargo list 货物溢短单short/overlanded cargo report 货物溢短报告单tally daily report 理货日报告tally shift report 理货工班报告2 )certificates ( 证书,证件)certificate of freeboard 干舷证书certificate of health 无疫证书certificate of origin 产地证书ceitificate of port registry 船籍港证书certicficate of survey 船舶检验证classification certificate 船级证书deratting certificate 除鼠证书deratting exemption certificate 免予除鼠证书inspection certificate 验讫单international loading certificate 国际载重线证书maritime declaration of health 航海健康申明书navigation certificate seaworthiness certificate 适行证书outward clearance certificate 出国证书panama canal tonnage certificate巴拿马运河吨位证书passport 护照safety radio telegraphy certificate无线电报安全证书ship’s safety certificate 船舶安全证书sues canal special tonnage certificate 苏伊士运河专用吨位证书tonnage certificate 吨位证书tonnage dues certificate 吨税证书wireless inspection certificate 无线电安全证书The structure of a ship(船舶结构)accomodation 房间accomodation ladder 舷梯aerial(antenna) 天线aft part(after part) 船尾部after-peak 后尖舱air siren 汽笛aldis lamp 闪光信号灯alleyway 走道anchor 锚anchor chain 锚链auxiliary machinery 辅机bilge 船底沟binnacle 罗盘支架bitts(bollards) 系缆柱block 滑轮boom 吊杆bow 船头port bow 左舷船头starboard bow 右舷船头break 夹板台阶bridge 船桥,驾驶台brow (从船上到岸上的)舷梯bulwarks 舷墙bunker 燃料舱cabin 船舱pilot’s cabin 引水员房间cable 锚链capstan 绞盘cargo hold 货舱catwalk 狭窄的舷梯awning 帆布蓬baggage room 行李房barometer 气压表basic line 吨位标志线balk(blulk) , beam 船梁hatch beam 舱盖横梁port beam 左舷starboard beam 右舷chain locker 锚链舱chronometer 经纬仪coamings 舱口栏板compass 罗盘course recorder 航向记录仪crane 起重机davit 挂艇架deck 甲板boat deck 救生艇甲板lower deck 下甲板lower tween deck 二层柜main deck 正甲板poop deck 船尾上面的甲板promenade deck 保护甲板之上甲板shelter deck 遮蔽甲板tonnage deck 量吨甲板tween(between)deck 二层柜upper deck 上甲板upper tween deck 三层柜deck house 甲板室derrick 吊杆diesel engine 柴油机double bottom 双层底draught marks(draft marks) 吃水标志dynamo(generator) 发电机echo sounder 测深仪engine roon 机舱engin roon department 机舱部escape trunk 救生道fan room 打风间falg-staff 旗杆forecastle 船首楼forecastle head 船头甲板foremast 头柜forepart 船头部forepeak 前尖舱freeboard deckling 干舷甲板线gangway 舷梯glass (口语)气压表guy 稳索gyro compass(gyro) 电罗经halliard ,halyard 旗帜之升降索hatch 舱口hatch bord 舱盖板hatch coaming 舱口栏板hatch cover 舱口盖hawse hole 锚链孔helm 舵轮;舵柄hawser 船缆;锚链hull 舱壳jack ladder(jacob’s ladder)软梯,绳梯jackstaff 船头小旗杆jigger mast 尾jumbo(derrick 重吊(杆) keel 龙骨life belt 救生带life bort 救生艇life buoy 救生圈life jacket 救生衣life raft 救生筏life-saving apparatus 救生设备load ling 载重线,装载水线mainmastman-rope 绳索mizzen mastmonkey island 瞭望台pilot ladder 领港梯子piston 活塞plimsol’s mark 载重线标志poop 船尾楼port 港口,舱口,左舷port -hole 舷舱,舱口propeller 螺旋桨pulley 滑轮pump 水泵purchase 绳索,滑轮quarter 船舷的后部port quarter 左舷后部starboard quarter 右舷后部radar 雷达radio 无线电radio direction finder 无线电测向器radio room 无线电室radio transmitter 无线电发射机rast 救生筏rail,railings 扶手,栏杆rat-guard 缆绳上的防鼠隔ratlines 绳梯横索refrigerated hold 冷藏舱rig 帆索rudder 舵screw 螺丝钉scupper 排水管scupper board 挡水板scanner 雷达扫描设备sextant 六分仪shaft tunnel 地轴弄shackle 钩环shifting board 防动板,防舱板signal rocket 信号火箭siren 汽笛sling 吊索starboard 右舷steam engine 蒸汽引擎steering gear 舵机stem 船头stern 船尾storeroom 贮藏室tackle 滑车,吊具tank 液体舱ballast tank 压载水舱cofferdam tank 隔离沧deep tank 深舱，深水柜。

轮机部分Ⅰ.主机提交过程用语：（for Main Engine）1、请验收轴系找中。

Please check the alignment of the shafting.2、请验收主机对中。

Please check the alignment of M/E.3、请验收主机曲轴拐档（甩档） Please check and accept the crankshaft deflection.4、主机联结（贯穿）螺栓测力验收 Approval of force measurement of M.E. through bolts.5、紧拂螺栓安装验收。

Approval of the installation of fitted bolts.6、紧拂螺栓孔验收。

Approval of the fitted bolt holes.7、中间轴测力验收 Approval of force measurement of intermediate shaft.8、中间轴承间隙验收 Approval of intermediate bearing clearance.9、主机找中不好 The alignment of M/E is incorrect.10、轴系找中不好 The alignment of shafting is incorrect.11、曲轴拐档超差 The crankshaft deflection is over the allowance.12、请调整到范围内 Please make an adjustment.13、主机爆压 Explosive Pressure on M/E.14、主机轴马力 The BHP( brake horse power ) of M/E15、主机扭力 The torsional force of M/E.16、主机旁撑 M.E. side support.17、主机尾撑 M.E. stern support18、主机拉撑 M.E. fastening support19、起动主机 Start main engine20、起动反向 Start M/E reversely21、排温高（低） Exhaust temperature is too high (low).22、爆压高（低） Explosive pressure on M/E is too high(low).23、冷却水温度高（低） The temperature of the cooling water is too high (low).24、启动空气压力低 The pressure of starting air is too low.25、滑油压力低 The pressure of lub oil is too low.26、扫气压力低 The pressure o scanvage air is too low.27、增压器转速低 The rpm of turbocharger is too low.28、开启（关闭）主启动阀 Start (Stop) the main starting valve.29、启动（关闭）主滑油泵 Start (Stop) the main L.O. pump.30、启动辅助鼓风机 Start the auxiliary (anx.) blower.31、启动主海水冷却泵 Start the main sea water cooling pump.32、主机暖机 Preheat the M/E cylinder.33、循环滑油预热 Preheat the L.O. circulating pump.34、启动（关闭）燃油循环泵 Start (Stop) the F.O. circulating pump.35、启动（关闭）燃油供给泵 Start (Stop) the F.O. supply pump.36、燃油压力高（低） The pressure of F.O. is high (low).37、燃油调压阀失灵 The F.O. pressure adjusting valve doesn’t work.38、轻油转重油 Change from light oil to heavy oil.39、主机启动（反向）试验 M/E starting (reversing) test.40、应急停车试验 Test of emergency stop.41、集控室操纵 The engine control room control (the control from the control room)42、机旁操纵 Local control43、桥楼遥控操纵 The remote control from the bridge.44、主机飞车保护试验 Protection test of M/E flywheel trip.45、淡水高温停车试验 Shut-down test of F/W. high temp.46、滑油低压停车试验 Shut-down test of L.O. low press.47、高压油泵齿条格数 Tooth sector of high pressure oil pump.48、喷油提前角太大（小） The advance angle is too large (small).49、喷油嘴雾化不良 The atomization of nozzle is too poor.50、喷油嘴压力太高（低） The pressure of nozzle is too high (low).51、喷油嘴漏油 The nozzle leakage.52、盘车装置离合保护试验 The protection test of turning gear clutch.53、调速器有故障 The governor has failed.54、液压链条压紧装置 Hydraulic chain tightener.55、缸头启动阀 The cylinder cover starting valve.56、缸头启动阀发烫 The cylinder cover starting valve is too hot.57、缸头启动阀漏气 The cylinder cover starting valve leakage.58、气缸油单向阀漏 The cylinder oil one-way valve leakage.59、气缸油单向阀装反 The cylinder oil one-way valve is fitted reversely.60、气缸油进油过多(少) The inlet cylinder oil is too much (little).61、拉缸 Cylinder score62、咬缸 Cylinder seizing63、敲缸 Cylinder knocking64、燃烧不良 Poor combustion65、排气中有水份 The exhaust gas is with water vapour.66、排气冒黑烟（呈淡蓝色） The exhaust gas is black（light blue）.67、排气管振动（漏烟） Exhaust pipe vibration (leakage).68、排气管增加支架 Attached bracket of exhaust pipe.69、排气管支架螺丝未扳紧 The bracket of exhaust pipe.70、冷却水管漏水 The cooling water pipe leakage.71、滑油管漏油 L.O pipe leakage.72、油底壳(循环滑油舱 / 主机内部)不干净The Oil pan（The circulating L.O. tank / The inside of M/E ）is not clean.73、主机出油点不畅 The M/E oil outlets are blocked.74、主机内部螺丝保险未装好 The safety of inner screw of M/E is not fitted properly.75、主机贯穿螺丝泵紧提交 M.E. through bolt submission.76、主机底脚紧固螺丝提交 M.E bottom fastening bolt submission.77、滑油（燃油）自清滤器不动作 The L.O. (F.O.) filter doesn’t work.Ⅱ发电机提交过程用语：（for diesel engine generator）1、主发电机内部清洗提交 The cleanness inside the main generator to be confirmed.2、主发电机曲拐挡提交 The main generator crankshaft deflection to be confirmed.3、主发电机安装提交 The installation of main generator to be confirmed.4、飞车保护提交 The protection of flywheel trip to be confirmed.5、滑油低压停车提交 The auto-stop function of L.O. low pressure to be confirmed.6、淡水高温停车提交 The auto-shop function of F.W. high temperature to be confirmed.7、主发电机负载试验 The load test of main generator.8、100％负载试验 100％ load test of generator.9、调速器突加/突卸试验 Instant load/ unload test of governor.10、100％到50％突卸试验 100％ to 50% instant unload test.11、50％到零突卸试验 50％ to nil instant unload test.12、零到100％突加试验 Nil to 50% instant load test.13、主发电机并电试验 The parallel test of generators.14、测量热拐挡（外压） The measurement of thermal deflection (exterior pressure).15、应急发电机负荷试验 The load test of emergency generator.16、应急发电机飞车保护试验 The protection test of flywheel trip of emergency generator.17、应急发电机淡水高温停车试验 The auto-stop test of emergency generator F.W. high-temp.18、应急发电机滑油低压停车试验 The auto-stop test of emergency generator L.O. low-press.19、应急发电机调速突加突卸试验 The instant load & unload test of emergency generator governor.20、应急发电机合主发电机联锁试验 The parallel of emergency and main generators.Ⅲ空压机合空气系统提交用语（for air compressor and air system）1、空压机垫片提交 The air compressor washer to be confirmed.2、空压机找中提交 The alignment of air compressor to be confirmed.3、淡水高温报警试验 Alarm test of F.W. high temperature.4、滑油低压报警试验 Alarm test of L.O. low pressure.5、安全阀提交 The safety valve to be submitted.6、空压机冲气试验 The filling test of air compressor.7、空压机高压(低压)自动停车试验 High-pressure (Low- pressure) auto-stop test of aircompressor.8、主空气瓶密性提交 Gas tightness submission of main air reservoir.9、主空气瓶安全阀提交 The main air reservoir safety valve to be submitted10、控制空气减压阀试验 Test of control air pressure-reducing valve.11、控制空气瓶密性试验 Gas tightness test of control air reservoir.12、控制空气瓶安全阀试验 The safety valve test of control air bottle.13、干燥器效用试验 The effect test of dehumidifier.14、日用空气减压阀试验 The test of service air pressure-reducing valve.15、日用空气瓶密性试验 The gas tightness test of service air reservoir.16、日用空气安全阀提交 The safety valve of service air reservoir to be confirmed.17、副空气瓶密性试验 The gas tightness test of aux. air reservoir.18、副空气瓶安全阀提交 The aux. air bottle safety valve to be submitted.19、应急空压机安全阀试验 The safety valve test of emergency air compressor.20、应急空压机冲气试验 The filling test of emergency air compressor.Ⅳ. 锅炉提交用语：（for boiler）1、主锅炉密性试验 The tightness test of main boiler.2、制炉 Boiler pickling(浸酸，酸洗).3、炉内清洁提交 The inside cleanness to be checked.4、锅炉给水泵运转提交 The running test of boiler water-feed pump.5、给水泵真空（自动转换）试验 The vacuum test（the auto-shifting test）of water-feed pump.6、自动给水提交 The auto water-feed system to be confirmed.7、锅炉燃油泵安全阀提交 The safety valve of boiler F.O. pump to be submitted.8、锅炉燃油真空试验 The vacuum test of boiler F.O. pump.9、锅炉燃油泵自动转换试验 The auto-shifting test of boiler F.O. pump.10、锅炉安全阀提交 The boiler safety valve to be confirmed.11、锅炉蒸发量试验 The test of boiler evaporation.12、锅炉自动化试验 The automation test of boiler.Ⅴ.轴舵系提交过程用语（for shafting and steering gear system）1、请检验照光靶 Please check the lighting target.2、请检验轴系照光(舵系)对中 Please check the alignment of shafting（steering gearsystem）.3、请检验轴孔加工圆 Please check the shaft hole.4、请检验搪孔尺寸（光洁度） Please check the boring size（cleanness）.5、艉轴管衬套压紧验收。

yacht : [jɔt]n.快艇，(竞赛用的)帆船，游艇general cargo ship: 杂货船refrigerator ship :冷藏船cruiser n．游船dry bulk carrier 干散货船passenger liner 旅客班轮cruiser n．游船air cushion craft 气垫船barge-carrier 载驳货船bulk-carrier散货船catamaran 双体船container ship 集装箱船chemical carrier 化学品（运输船）diesel boa柴油机船dry cargo ship 干货船electric motor ship 电动机船ferry 渡船freighter (cargo ship) 货船fire boat 消防船hydrofoil craft水翼船Ice-breaker破冰船life boat 救生船LNG carrier（liquefied natural gas carrier）液化天然气（运输）船multi-purpose ship多用途船oil barge 油驳ore carrier（ore ship ）矿砂船passenger liner 定期客船pilot boat引航船roll - on / roll - off ship (Ro-Ro ship) 滚装船reefer ( refrigerator ship )冷藏船salvage vessel救助船scientific surveying ship科研考察船semi-container ship半集装箱船semisubmersible drilling vessel半潜式钻井船specialized duty vessel专业船tramp不定期货轮tug拖船10．商船：merchant ship11．油船：tanker 12．散货船：bulk carrier2.船舶主要部分船首：bow 船尾stern 左舷：port side 右舷：starboard side 艏楼：forecastle艉楼：poop 上层建筑：superstructure肋骨：frame二层甲板：tween deck机舱：engine room 水密分舱：watertight compartment 艏尖舱：fore peak tank艉尖舱：after peak tank 双层底舱：double bottom tank 制链器：chain stopper锚链舱：chain locker锚链管：chain pipe锚机滚筒：chain cable barrel锚链筒：hawse pipe标准罗经：standard compass磁罗经：magnetic compass主操舵罗经：main rudder compass 陀螺罗经：gyrocompass推进器：propeller3.船用柴油机工作原理1．船用柴油机：marine diesel2．内燃机：internal combustion engine3．气缸：cylinder 4．活塞：piston 5．细雾状燃油：fine spray of fuel6．曲轴：crankshaft7．推进器：propeller 8．循环：cycle 9．四冲程柴油机：four-stroke diesel10．进气：fresh air11．压缩：compession 12．膨胀：expansion13．排气：exhaust14．二冲程柴油机：two-stroke diesel17．下死点：B.D.C15．燃烧室：combustion chamber 16．工作原理：principle of operation 18．排气口：exhaust port 19．残留废气：residual exhaust 20．上死点：T.D.C21．燃油喷射：fuel injection 22．进气口：inlet port 23．工作冲程：working stroke24．减速齿轮箱：reduction gearbox25．交流发电机：alternator26．连杆：connecting rod 27．扫气口：scanvenging port4.船用柴油机的种类1.船用发动机：Marine engine2.紧凑：compact3.柴油机：diesel4．蒸汽机：steam turbine 5．气轮机：gas turbine6．内燃机：internal combustion engine7．输出功率：output power 8．制动马力：brake horsepower9．螺旋桨：propeller 13．燃油消耗率：fuel comsuption 14．锅炉：boiler15．有吸引力的：attractive16．集装箱船：container ship17．衰变：decay 18．通过比较：by comparision19．限制，约束：restriction20．叶片：blade21．有效马力：effective horsepower22．放射性的：radioactive23．船用核装置：marine nuclear plant24．货油泵：cargo oil pump固定件：fixed part 运动件：moving part 曲柄箱：crankcase缸套和衬套：cylinder and liner 气缸盖：cylinder cover 活塞：pistion气缸体：cylinder block 活塞头：piston crown 活塞杆：piston rod十字头：cross 连杆：connecting rod 主轴承：main bearing轴向推力：axial push端塞螺栓：side-chock bolt 从动轴：driven shaft 推力块：thrust block扫气箱：scavenging air box机座：bedplate 机架：frame冷却水套：cooling jacket 21．燃烧室：combustion chamber22．排气阀：exhaust valve23．燃油阀：fuel valve 24．起动阀：starting valve25．安全阀：safety valve26．示功器旋塞：indicator cock 27．冷却腔：cooling chamber28．活塞裙：piston skirt29．活塞环：piston ring30．垫圈：rubber ring31．往复运动：reciprocating movement 32．工作行程：power stroke6.燃油系统燃油系统：fuel oil system 运行和维护：operation and maintainence残碳值：carbon residues 燃油粘度：fuel oil＇s viscosity十六烷值：cetane number 热值：calorific value 闪点：flash point凝固点：setting point 比重：gravity 10.含水量：water content11．机械杂度：mechanical impurity12．重油：heavy fuel 13．渣油：residual oil14．沉淀柜：settling tank15．燃油舱：bunker tank16．日用柜：daily service tank17．细滤器：fine filter18．压力调节阀：pressure regulating valve19．针阀：needle vavle20．低油位报警：low tank level level alarm21．输送泵：transfer pump22．三通阀：three-way valve23．喷射泵：injection pump 24．过滤器：stainer7.润滑系统润滑油膜：lubricating oil film 运动件：moving part 运动条件：operation conditions油冷式活塞：oil cooled piston抗氧化：resistance to oxidation总量损耗系统：total loss system feeding循环式系统：circulating system传动装置：running gear燃烧室：combustion space活塞顶：piston crown活塞环：piston ring衬套壁：liner wall运动方向的改变：reversal of direction of motion机械注油器：mechanical lubricator曲轴箱：crankcase轴承：bearing17．活塞杆：piston rod 18．辅助设备：auxiliary equipment 19．泵：pump20．离心分离机：centrifuge8.水冷却系统燃油喷射阀fuel injector valve排气阀exhaust valve起动空气阀starting air valve机械强度mechanical strength内部管道internal passage热交换器heat exchanger气缸套冷却水循环泵cylinder liner circulating pump涡轮增压器turbo-blower闭式系统closed system开式系统open system压力水柜pressure tank海水循环式冷却器sea water circulated cooler heat exchanger汽蚀效应cavitation effect气囊steam pocket放气口air lock透气管ventilation pipe支路branch可视式流量计visual flowmeter喷嘴积碳nozzle deposited carbon滑油冷却器lubricating oil cooler盲板法兰blind-flange9.舱底和压载系统舱底水：bilge water 压载水：ballast water 相互连接：interconnec t涨水，进水：flood 在船外，到舷外：overboard 水密舱室：watertight compartment应急舱底水泵：emergency bilge pump 替换物，选择对象：alternative引水装置：priming device 到某种程度：to some extent 调节船舶吃水差：trim the vessel 切换阀箱：change-over chest10.管路系统发证机构：certifying authority铸铁：cast iron冲击载荷：shock loading易碎性：brittle nature 循环热处理：cyclic heat treatment低碳钢：mild steel气密结构：gastight structure热膨胀：thermal expansion 锅炉水舱柜：boiler feed water tank贯通配件：through fitting隔离空舱：cofferdam船体变形：deflection of ship construction1．safety valve（安全阀）2．steam stop valve（蒸汽截止阀）3．starting valve（起动阀）4．indicator cock（示功阀，示功考克）5．governing valve（调速阀）6．by-pass valve（旁通阀）7．main stop valve（主截止阀）8．hull valve（船体阀）9．flushing valve（冲洗阀）10．vent valve（排气阀）11．suction valve（进气阀）12．angle valve（角阀）13．automatic valve（自动阀）14．pressure valve（压力阀）15．quick-closing valve（速闭阀）16．self-closing valve（自闭阀）17．air filter（空气过滤器）18．coarse filter（粗滤器）19．fine filter（细滤器）20．heating circulating valve（加热循环阀）11.船用泵容积式泵：displacement pump 离心泵：centrifugal pump往复泵：reciprocating pump叶片泵：vane pump齿轮泵：gear pump旋转泵：rotary pump离心力：centrifugal force轴向的：axial flow涡轮，涡轮机：turbine自吸式：self-priming啮合齿轮：meshing gear蒸汽喷射器：steam ejector舵机液压系统：steering gear hydraulic system人字齿：double helical tooth大气压：atmospheric pressure立式泵：vertical pump12.舵机舵机：steering gear船级社：classification society转舵能力：steering capacity舵叶：rudder船舶吃水：ship’s draught驾驶台：bridge故障：trouble独立的：independent液压伺服马达：hydraulic telemotor舵机室：steering gear room舵柱：rudder stock液压油缸：hydraulic cylinder液压泵：hydraulic pump撞杆：ram舵角信号：signal of rudder angle13.甲板机械甲板机械：deck machinery克令吊：crane日常检验：routine checking锚泊设备：anchor arrangement 集装箱吊装设备厂：container handling facility原动机：prime mover装卸能力：handling capacity多旋转吊杆系统：multiwinch slewing derrick system安全工作负载：safe working load绞车卷筒：winch barrel or drum吊杆式起货装置：derrick crane system14.推进装置直接传动：direct drive推进效率：propulsion efficiency轴系：shaft system旋转方向：rotating direction齿轮传动：gear drive减速齿轮箱：reduction gear box减速装置：reduction arrangement双桨：twin-screw双舵：twin-rudde r双机并车：twin-engine incorporation多级：multi-stage带倒车离合器的减速：reduction with an astern clutch机舱：engine space挠性联轴节：flexible coupling安装误差：installation error可调螺旋桨：VPP or CPP固定螺旋桨：fixed pitch propeller定位：keep station15.轴系及设计程序传动轴系：transimission shafting system艉轴：stern shaft螺旋桨轴：screw shaft中间轴：intermediate shaft法兰联轴节：flange coupling可拆联轴节：removable coupling 隔舱填料函：compartment stuffing box推力环：thrust ring中空轴：hollow shaft轴倾斜度：shaft rake动态特性：dynamic characteristic扭振：torsional vibration纵振：longitudinal vibration回转振动：whirling vibration振动计算：vibration calculation 螺旋桨桨叶：propeller blade16.船舶设计与造船工程师造船工程师：naval architect造船工程学：naval architecture力矩平衡：moment balance重力平衡：weight balance轴马力：shaft horsepower净登记吨位：net register tonnage总吨位：gross tonnage扣除空间：deductible space流体力学：fluid mechanics结构强度：structural strength重货：high-density cargo轻货：low-density cargo港口税：harbor due母型船：projected ship重心：centers of gravity纵倾和稳性：trim and stability肋骨尺度：frame dimension外板厚度：plate thickness零件图：detail drawing总图：general drawing17.造船过程1.（船舶）下水滑道：launching way2．初步设计：preliminary design3．合同设计：contract design 4．详细设计：detail design5．运作要求：operational requirement6．缩尺船模（模型）：scale model7．成组建造技术：group technology to shipbuilding 8．大规模生产：mass production 9．任务系统：mission system10．交船日：delivery date 11．性能要求：performance requirements12．计划与调度：planning and scheduling13．个别零件：individual parts14．干船坞：dry dock15．投标过程：bidding process 16．船体分段：hull block17．装配线：assembly line18．概念设计：concept design18.船厂设施building period建造周期assembly line 装配（流水）线sloping shipway 有坡度船台，滑道building basin 船台floating dry dock 浮船坞engineering workshop轮机车间erection shop 装配车间fitting out quay舾装码头pumping station泵站，动力室repair quay 修船码头ship drawing office 船舶设计室20.船舶下水与舾装横向下水：sideway launching下水架：launching cradle滑道：standing way滑板：sliding way边墩：side support下水扳机：launching trigger局部压力：local pressure限制水域：restricted waterway减速力：retarding force阻力锚：drags21.适航1.试验大纲：sea trial programmers2．测速区：measured mile course3．重新试航：re-trial run4．性能试验：performance test5．动力装置：power plant6．抛锚试验：anchor-heaving trial7．适航性能：sea-keeping performance8．回转试验：turning trial9．潮汐效应：tidal effect10．逐级加速试航：Progressive speed trial11．续航力试验：endurance trial12．船舶试验协议：Protocol of T rials of the ship13．船舶设备清单：Inventory of the equipment of the vessel14．消耗品储备协议：Protocol of Stores of Consumable Nature15．完工图：finished drawings and plans16．交船：delivery of the vessel23.船级社1．合同前服务：pre-contract service2．提交检验申请：submit survey application3．申请评审及签署检验服务协议：aplication reviewing & survey agreement4．船舶审图及确定船用产品持证清单：drawing approval & required marine products list舶开工前检查：inspect before steel-cutting6．焊接工艺认可：welding technology approval7．焊工资格：welder qualification8．建造检验标准：standard of construct survey9．分段检验：structure inspection10．结构装配及焊接：structure assemble & welding11．安装主辅机、舵及轴系：installation of main engine, auxiliary mechinery & shafting 12．船台上或船坞内装配检验：assemble inspection on slipway or dock13．分段合拢检验：inspection of structure assemble14．焊缝检验：inspection of welding 15．无损探伤检验：NDT16．密性试验：tightness test17．船舶下水：lauching18．系泊试验：mooring trial19．航海试验：sea trial20．签发短期证书：issuance of interim certificates21．签发全期法定证书：Issuance of Full-Term Statutory Certificates22．CCS船舶录：Register of Ships by CCS23．签发全期船级证书：Issuance of Full-Term Class Certificates24．船级委员会：Class Committee。

一．名词部分（一）．舱室、船员1.舱室处所Compartments or Spaces舱室工作和设备舱室：主机舱Main engine room主机操纵室Main engine control room 辅机舱Auxiliary engine room锅炉舱Boiler room机炉舱Engine and boiler room减速器舱Reduction gear room舵机舱Steering gear room通风机室Fan room变流机室Commutator room空调室Air-conditioner room应急发电机室Emergency generator room 冷冻机室Refrigerator room灭火装置室Fire control room蓄电池室Battery room陀螺罗经室Gyro-compass room方位水平仪室Azimuth level room计程仪舱Log room导弹舱Missile room弹药舱Magazine深弹舱Depth charge room弹药转运舱Ammunition lobby声纳舱Sonacelle, sonar nacelle机修间Workshop电工间Electrician’s store木工间Carpenter’s store锚链舱Chain locker桅屋Mast house洗消室Decontamination room货舱：货舱Cargo hold货油舱Cargo oil tank, cargo tank 集装箱舱Container hold冷藏货舱Refrigerated cargo hold 液化天燃气舱Liquefied natural gas tank 邮件舱Mail room行李舱Luggage room汽车舱Vehicle hold液舱Liquid tank燃油舱Fuel oil tank滑油舱Lubricating oil tank压载水舱Ballast tank淡水舱Fresh water tank污水舱Bilge tank储藏室Store, store room帆缆间Hawser store油漆间Paint room粮食库Provision store冷藏库Refrigerating chamber其他：首尖舱Fore peak tank尾尖舱Aft peak tank顶边舱：Topside tank底边舱：Hopper tank双层底舱Double bottom tank翼舱Wing tank边舱Side tank平衡舱Heeling tank深舱Deep tank残油舱Sludge/oil residue tank隔离舱Cofferdam空舱V oid tank处所货物处所：Cargo spaces货舱Cargo hold货油舱Cargo tank液货舱Liquid cargo tank围壁通道Trunk2．高级船员和船员船长Master (商船船长正式称谓)Captain (商船船长的尊称) 小船驾长Skipper 大付Chief officer 二付Second officer 三付Third officer驾助Assistant officer轮机长Chief engineer大管轮First engineer二管轮Second engineer三管轮Third engineer轮机员Engineer轮助Assistant engineer 电机长Chief electrician电机员Electrician电助Assistant electrician 水手长Boatswain付水手长Cassab一等水手Able seaman水手(original) seaman 实习生Apprentice见习生Cadet机工长Chief motorman机工Motorman加油Greaser铜匠Fitter大厨Chief cook厨师Cook事务长Chief steward服务员Steward报务主任Chief radio operator/officer 报务员Radio operator/officer甲板部Deck department轮机部Machinery department（二）. 轮机机械轮机装置Machinery installations机器处所(/机舱) Machinery space机舱Engine room1．操舵装置Steering gear主操舵机Main steering gear付操舵机Auxiliary steering gear电动液压操舵机Electro-hydraulic steeringgear转翼式操舵机Rotary vane steering gear 手操舵机Hand-power steering gear 蒸汽操舵机Steam steering gear动力油缸hydraulic power cylinder 柱塞plunger2．锅炉和受压容器Boilers and Pressure Vessels锅炉：Boiler:锅炉舱Boiler room炉舱棚Boiler room casing锅炉座Boiler bearer主锅炉Main boiler辅助锅炉Auxiliary boiler燃油付锅炉Oil-fired aux. boiler燃油废气混合式锅炉Oil-fired and exhaust gas composite boiler水管锅炉Water tube boiler卧式烟管锅炉Horizontal smoke tubeboiler 立式辅助锅炉Vertical auxiliary boiler废气锅炉Exhaust gas boiler蒸汽锅炉Steam boiler混合式锅炉Combined boiler立式横烟管锅炉Vertical-type horizontalsmoke tube boiler立式竖烟管锅炉Vertical-type vertical smoketube boiler热油锅炉Thermal oil heater废气热油锅炉Exhaust gas thermal oilboilerExhaust gas thermal oilheater筒体Cylindrical shell管孔Tube hole短管Tube stub燃烧室Combustion chamber燃烧室顶板Crown plate顶板支梁Girder凸形封头Dished end plate平顶板Flat crown烟道Boiler uptake烟道调节器、烟气调节挡板Damper; Bypass damper炉衣Insulation, lagging汽鼓Steam drum水鼓Water drum联箱Header泥箱Mud box过热器Superheater经济器Economizer再热器Reheater空气预热器Air preheater, Air heater减温器Desuperheater水管Water tube烟管Smoke tube牵条管Stay tube上升管Riser下降管Down comer看火孔Peep hole, Periscope hole吹灰器Soot blower壳板Shell plate管板Tube plate端板End plate管板水平架Horizontal shelves炉胆Furnace炉门Fire door炉胆底环Ogee rings锅炉底脚及支撑Foundations and stays锅炉附件：Boiler mountings andfittings给水阀Feed check valve给水接管Feed standpipe给水内管Feed internal pipe水位指示器Water level indicator 水位表Water gauge安全阀Safety valve截止阀Stop valve上、下排污阀Blow-off and scum valves 压力表Pressure gauge锅炉取样阀或旋塞Sampling valve or cock空气阀Air valve/cock过热器附件Superheater mountings泄水阀Drain valve温度计Thermometer锅炉燃烧装置：Oil burning unit压力泵Pressure pump吸入滤器Suction filter排出滤器Discharge filter加热器Heater双联滤器Duplex filter初始升汽设施Starting-up oil fuel unit锅炉燃烧器Boiler burner蒸汽吹洗设施Steam purging connection 蒸汽雾化设施Steam atomizing connection 集汽包Steam receiver供油总管Boiler manifold速闭总阀Quick-closing master valve 声光报警Audible and visual warnings 回油系统Spill system隔断装置Isolating device联锁装置Interlocking arrangement其他锅炉附件：Other mountings主停汽阀Main steam stop valve主蒸汽管Main steam pipe给水管路Feed water piping自动控制系统Auto-control system安全系统Safety system报警系统Alarm system燃烧系统Oil burning system锅炉给水泵Boiler feed pump锅炉循环泵Boiler circulating pump主凝水泵Main condensate pump付凝水泵Aux. condensate pump热交换器Heat exchanger主冷凝器Main condenser付冷凝器Aux. condenser大气冷凝器Atmospheric condenser蒸发量Evaporation rate受热面积Heating surface换热面积Cooling surface 点火Ignition 炉膛风压失Furnace draught loss炉膛熄Furnace flame extinguishing受压容器:Pressure Vessel:筒体Cylindrical shell 封头End plate进出口Inlet and outlet 隔离阀Stop valve泄放设备Drain device 安全设施Safety device空气瓶Air receiver易熔塞Fusible plug介质压力Medium pressure介质工作位置Working level of medium3．汽轮机和燃汽轮机汽轮机Steam Turbine高压气缸High-pressure cylinder 低压气缸Low-pressure cylinder 汽轮机管路Steam turbine piping 倒车机构Reversing gear安全装置Safety arrangements 转子：Rotor叶轮Disc扭力轴Quill shaft套环Shrink ring动叶片Moving blade齿形联轴器Toothed coupling静子：Stator汽缸Casing隔板Diaphragm喷嘴Nozzle喷嘴箱Nozzle box导向叶片Guide vane 汽缸螺栓Turbine casing bolts 汽缸底座Bed frame轴承座Bearing seat无损试验Non-destructive test 液压试验Hydraulic test燃气轮机Gas turbine涡轮机Turbine压气机Compressor转子Rotor燃烧室Combustion chamber 热交换器Heat exchanger燃油系统Fuel oil system滑油系统Lubricating oil system 平衡试验Balance test液压试验Hydraulic test超速试验Overspeed test工厂试验Shop trial4．柴油机Diesel Engine机舱Engine room机舱棚Machinery casing, engineroom casing主机Main engine付机Auxiliary engine机座Bedplate机架Engine frame贯穿螺栓Tie rod转车机Turning gear自由端Free end 飞轮端Fly wheel end机件Machinery components 运动部件Moving parts部件、零件Parts附件Fittings, mountings紧固件Fixture气缸：CylinderA列缸组第X组 A bank No.3 cylinder unit 气缸体Cylinder block气缸盖Cylinder cover缸套冷却腔Cylinder jacket缸套（衬）Cylinder liner气缸壁Cylinder wall活塞：Piston活塞顶Piston crown活塞头Piston head活塞杆Piston rod活塞杆填料函Piston rod stuffing box活塞环Piston ring活塞环槽Piston ring groove活塞销Piston pin, gudgeon pin活塞销轴承Piston pin bush活塞裙边Piston skirt耐磨环Wear ring活塞阀Piston valve活塞泵Piston pump二冲程; 四冲程Two-stroke; four-stroke上死点; 下死点Top dead centre; bottomdead centre曲轴：Crankshaft曲轴轴承Crankshaft bearing曲轴联轴器法兰Crankshaft coupling flange 曲柄箱Crankcase曲柄箱防爆门Crankcase explosion reliefvalve曲柄、曲拐Crank曲柄销Crankpin曲柄臂Crankweb曲柄箱门Crankcase door观察孔Sight hole曲轴箱安全阀Relief valve of crankcase曲柄弯程Crank throw连杆Connecting rod连杆大端轴承Bearing at bottom end ofconnecting rod;Bottom end bearing连杆小端轴承Bearing at top end ofconnecting rod;Top end bearing十字头Crosshead凸轮轴Camshaft驱动凸轮轴的钢质大齿轮Steel gear wheel for camshaft drive示功阀Indicator valve 气缸安全阀Safety valve 进气阀Inlet valve 排气阀Exhaust valve摇臂Rocker arm导板Guide滑板Slide guide滑块Sliding block顶杆Push rod燃油供给系统:Fuel (oil) supply system: 燃油增压泵Fuel oil boost pump主供给泵Main supply pump备用泵Standby pump燃油过滤器Fuel oil filter重油沉淀柜Heavy fuel oil settling tank 重油日用柜Heavy fuel oil service tank 柴油柜Diesel oil tank分离机Centrifuge加热器Heater粘度调节器Viscosity regulator压力调节阀Pressure regulating valve三通阀Three-way valve平衡阀Balance valve输送泵Transfer pump燃油喷射系统:Fuel (oil) injection system: 高压油泵（油头阀）Fuel oil injection pump,injection fuel valve,High pressure oil pump喷射泵Injection pump燃油喷射器（油头）Fuel injector喷嘴Nozzle止回阀Non-return valve针阀Needle valve正时调节阀Timing valve溢流阀Spill valve节流阀Throttle valve柱塞Plunger小(付)齿轮装置Pinion arrangement中间轴Intermediate spindle弹簧Spring压紧螺母Compression nut凸轮Cam凸轮轴Camshaft齿条：Rack齿条复板Rack chord齿条挡板Shield of rack增压器：Supercharger涡轮增压器Turbocharger废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger增压器蜗壳Spiral casing of thesupercharger透平叶轮Turbine impeller(透平增压器)废气出口接头Exhaust connection涡轮端Turbine end空压机端Air compressor end应急鼓风机Emergency blower蒸汽轮机Steam turbine鼓风机：Blower涡轮鼓风机Turbo-blower扫气：Scavenging横流扫气cross-flow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging直流扫气uniflow scavenging扫气口Scavenge port扫气道Scavenge trunk扫气防爆装置Scavenge relief device进气口Inlet port排气口Exhaust port润滑系统:Lubricating (oil) system: 储油槽Oil sump泄油柜Drain tank滤器Filter, strainer冷却器Cooler液位指示器Level gauge贮存柜Storage tank冷却系统:Cooling system:主机淡水冷却泵M.E. fresh water coolingpump备用淡水冷却泵Reverse fresh water coolingpump主机海水冷却泵M.E. sea water coolingpump备用海水冷却泵Reverse sea water coolingpump缸套冷却水泵Jacket cooling pump活塞冷却水(油)系统Piston cooling system (oil/water)油头冷却泵Fuel valve cooling pump 付机淡水冷却泵Aux. E. fresh water coolingpump付机海水冷却泵Aux. E. sea water coolingpump热交换器:Heat exchanger:主机淡水冷却器M.E. fresh water cooler活塞水冷却器Piston water cooler主机油头冷却器M.E. fuel valve cooler缸套水冷却器Jacket water cooler付机淡水冷却器Aux. E. fresh water cooler 海水循环冷却器Sea water circulated cooler压缩空气系统:Compressed air system:空气压缩机Air compressor空气瓶Air receiver易熔塞Fusible plug高压空气管High-pressure air pipe空气起动阀Air starting valve隔离止回阀Isolating non-return valve 释放阀Relief valve空气分配器Air distributor阻火器Flame trap爆炸（保险）膜片Bursting disc(k)操纵装置Control device安全装置Safety device调速器：Governor机械调速器Mechanical governor电动调速器Electric governor速度传感装置Speed sensing arrangement 液压机构Hydraulic unit惯性配重装置Flyweight assembly齿轮Gear wheel速度选择器Speed selector油雾探测器Oil mist detector联轴节：Coupling:弹性Elastic coupling挠性Flexible coupling机械Mechanical coupling电动Electrical coupling液力Hydraulic coupling液压Fluid coupling气动Pneumatic coupling电磁Electromagnetic coupling离合器：Clutch操纵手柄Control handle手柄定位插销Set pin支架Support驱动机构Driving unit传动机构Driven unit驱动叶轮Driving impeller传动叶轮Driven runner传动装置Gearing arrangement 大齿轮Gearwheel小齿轮Pinion齿轮箱Gearbox倒车齿轮Reversing gear倒车齿轮箱Reversing gearbox 转动叶片Rotating vane5．轴、轴承及螺旋桨Shaft, Bearing and Propeller轴系Shafting轴Shaft （指机械传动轴）推力轴Thrust shaft推力环Thrust collar推力块Thrust block中间轴Intermediate shaft螺旋桨轴Propeller/screw shaft尾轴Tail shaft尾管轴Tube shaft曲轴Crank shaft曲轴臂Crank web甩档，曲轴臂挠曲Crankshaft deflection凸轮轴Camshaft蜗杆轴Worm shaft链轮轴Sprocket shaft实心轴Solid shaft空心轴Hollow shaft轴套Shaft liner轴衬Shaft bush固定法兰Fixed flange联轴节Shaft coupling弹性联轴节Flexible coupling液压联轴节(液压法兰)Fluid coupling液力偶合器Hydraulic coupling磨擦离合器Friction clutch电磁离合器Electric coupling法兰螺栓Flange bolt键槽：Keyway汤匙形round-ended雪撬形sled runner普通键槽keyed无键keyless尾轴管Stern tube: 铸钢与钢板焊接式cast steel and steel platewelded锻钢与钢板焊接式forged steel and steel platewelded尾轴承stern bearing:铁梨木lignum vitae合成橡胶synthetic rubber塑料plastic白合金（巴氏合金）white-metal油封装置Oil gland轴（相当于定位肖）Axis; spindle下沉量Wear-down对中Alignment顶举系数Jack factor偏移Sag曲折Gap扭转振动Torsional vibration单节；双节Single node; Two node共振Resonance转速禁区范围Restricted speed range扭转振动许用应力Allowable vibration stress瞬时许用应力Allowable transientvibration stress轴承Bearing主轴承Main bearing中间轴轴承Intermediate bearing推力轴承Thrust bearing曲轴轴承Crank (shaft) bearing滚柱轴承Roller bearing滚珠轴承Ball bearing铁梨木轴承Lignum vitae bearing尾轴管轴承Stern tube bearing轴瓦bush轴承支架bearing support轴承承窝bearing socket轴承垫片bearing shim轴承壳bearing shell轴承座bearing seat (pedestal)轴承盖bearing cap (cover)轴承块bearing block轴承环bearing collar (ring)保持圈Retaining ring螺旋桨Propeller整体式螺旋桨Solid propeller组合式螺旋桨Built-up propeller可调节螺距螺旋桨Controllable pitch propeller 全方位式螺旋桨Directional propeller材料material:锰铁黄铜Manganese iron brass高铝高强度黄铜High aluminum highstrength brass 高锰铝青铜High manganese aluminumbronze铸铁Cast iron铸钢Cast steel塑料Plastic螺旋桨轴：Propeller shaft(螺旋桨轴)圆锥体cone桨殻propeller boss(hub)螺旋桨叶片propeller blade叶尖blade tip导边leading edge随边following edgetrailing edge螺距Pitch旋向Direction of rotating推进器与推进器轴的配合Fitting of propeller toscrewshaft螺旋桨液压装配Hydraulic fitting ofpropeller压入行程Pull-up distance压入压力Pressing pressure:径向压力radial pressure轴向压力axial pressure6．泵、阀、柜、管及舱底附件泵Pump泵间Pump room泵底座Pump foundation货油泵Cargo pump压载泵Ballast pump舱底泵Bilge pump固定式潜水舱底泵Permanently-installed submersible bilge pump增压泵Boost pump离心泵Centrifugal pump循环泵Circulating pump冷却泵Cooling pump缸套冷却水泵Cylinder jacket coolingpump给水泵Feed (water) pump灌注泵Filling pump消防泵Fire (service) pump淡水泵Fresh water pump燃油泵Fuel (oil) pump 燃油喷射泵Fuel injection pump油头冷却泵Fuel valve cooling pump日用油泵Fuel oil daily service pump 燃油驳运泵Fuel oil transfer pump通用泵General purpose [generalservice] pump液压泵Hydraulic pump泥桨泵Mud pump压力泵Pressure pump往复泵Reciprocating pump盐水泵Salt water pump, brinepump海水泵Sea water pump扫气泵Scavenging pump污油泵Sludge pump污物泵Sewage pump喷淋系统泵Spray (sprinkler) pump蒸汽泵Steam pump清舱泵、扫舱泵Stripping pump真空泵Vacuum pump油舱清洗泵Tank cleaning pump甲板清洗泵Wash deck pump制冷剂泵Refrigerant pump阀Valve空气启动阀Air starting valve给水阀Feed (check) valve进、排气阀Inlet and exhaust valves;air inlet and exhaust gasvalves排气阀顶杆exhaust valve push rod排气阀摇臂exhaust valve rockingarm应急舱底水吸口阀Emergency bilge suction valve排出阀Discharge valve舷外排出阀Overboard discharge valve 海底阀Sea inlet valve舷旁阀Ship-side valve舷旁截止阀Ship-side screw-down valve 锅炉排污阀Blow-off valve止回阀Non-return valve, checkvalve截止阀Stop valve, screw downvalve释放阀Relief valve主停汽阀Main stop valve遥控速闭阀Remote quick closing valve 溢流阀Spill valve针阀Needle valve泄水阀Draining valve扫气阀Scavenging gas valve油头阀Fuel oil injection valve (主机)换向阀Reversing gear valve排气旋转阀Exhaust rotary valve安全阀Safety valve卫生水排出阀Sanitary discharge valve阀箱Chest阀杆Valve spindle(阀杆的)导向支架Guide stanchion阀盘Valve disc(disk)阀盖Cover阀瓣Valve flap旋塞Cock 柜Tank日用柜Service tank沉淀柜Settling tank贮存柜Storage tank重力柜Gravity tank给水柜Feed (water) tank补给水柜Make-up tank气缸套冷却水柜Jacket water tank淡水冷却水的膨胀水柜Fresh cooling waterexpansion tank泄水收集柜Drain connecting tank滑油净油柜Purified (lubricating) oiltank日用油净油柜Purified oil service tank卫生水柜Sanitary tank污水柜Sewage (retention) tank污油水柜Slop tank污油柜Sludge tank; dirty oil tank 压力柜Header tank油池、油底壳Oil sump漏油孔Flow hole管系Piping管系Piping system管系Piping管路Pipeline总管Main支管Branch pipe（汽锅）锅管Tube盘管Coil水龙软管Hose导管、输送管Duct动力管系Machinery piping system燃油管系Oil fuel system, fuel oilpiping蒸汽管系Steam piping system, steampiping锅炉给水、排污与凝水管系Feed, blow-off andcondensate system冷却水管系Cooling water system滑油管系Lubricating oil system液压传动管系Hydraulic transmissionpiping system热油管系Thermal oil system甲板冲洗管Wash deck pipe排水管Discharge pipe空气管Air pipe压载水管Ballast pipe舱底水管Bilge pipe旁通管By-pass pipe冷却水管Cooling pipe泄水管Drain pipe排气管Exhaust pipe进气管，进口管Inlet pipe出口管Outlet pipe逸气管Escape pipe注入管Filling pipe喷射管Injection /ejection pipe分配管Distributing pipe给水管Feed (water) pipe测量管Sounding pipe溢流管Overflow pipe蒸汽管Steam pipe加热管Heating pipe三通管Three-way pipe通风管、通风管道Ventilating pipe, ventilatingduct火管Fire tube烟管Smoke tube蒸气加热管Steam heating coils消防水带Fire hose管接头Pipe connection管件接头Pipe coupling膨胀接头Expansion joint管子护板Pipe guard管子支架Pipe support通风Ventilation人工通风Artificial ventilation 机械通风Mechanical ventilation强制通风Forced ventilation自然通风Natural ventilation动力通风Power ventilation压力通风Pressure ventilation进气通风Supply ventilation排气通风Exhaust ventilation通风管Ventilating duct, ventilatingpipe通风筒Ventilator（详见船体）舱底附件Bilge fittings吸管Suction舱底水支吸管branch bilge suction;舱底水直通吸管direct bilge suction;应急吸管emergency suction泥箱(滤网箱)Mud box(Strum box)污水井Bilge well污水沟Bilge滤油设备Oil filtering equipment油水分离/滤油设备Separating/filteringequipment处理装置Process unit油份计Oil content meter储存柜Holding tank残油舱Oil residue (sludge) tank焚烧炉Incinerator标准排放接头Standard dischargeconnection残留物接收设备Reception facilities forresidues油水分离设备Oily-water separatingequipment7．齿轮箱、压缩机、分离器、净化器及其它装置齿轮箱Gear Box减速齿轮箱Reduction gear box单级减速齿轮箱Single-reduction gear box 二级减速齿轮箱Double-reduction gear box 多级减速齿轮箱Multi-reduction gear box 同心式减速齿轮箱Centric reduction gear box 偏位式减速齿轮箱Eccentric reduction gearbox并车减速齿轮箱Reduction gear box ofcombined output of theengines差动式齿轮箱Differential gear box串联式齿轮箱Tandem gear box平行轴传动减速齿轮箱Parallel-axis gear box内齿轮Annular gear外齿轮External gear小齿轮Pinion大齿轮Gear wheel主动齿轮Drive gear, driving gear被动齿轮Driven gear中间齿轮Cog(防齿轮倒转的)爪、掣子Pawl压缩机Compressor空气压缩机Air compressor空调压缩机Air-conditioningcompressor往复式压缩机Reciprocating compressor 螺旋式压缩机Screw-type compressor轴流式压气机Axial-flow compressor;axial compressor离心式压气机Centrifugal compressor辐流式压气机Radial-flow compressor;radial compressor超音速压气机Supersonic compressor高压压气机High-pressure compressor 低压压气机Low-pressure compressor分离器Separator空气分离器Air separator油-气分离器Air-oil separator气-水分离器Air-water separator舱底水分离器Bilge water separator燃油分离器Fuel separator滑油分离器Lubricant separator油分离器、分油器Oil separator油水分离器Oily water separator蒸汽分离器Steam separator;vapour separator净化器Purifier 空气净化器Air purifier燃油净化器Fuel oil purifier气体净化器Gas purifier滑油净化器Lubricating oil purifier净油器Oil purifier蒸汽净化器Steam purifier净水器Water purifier净油机室Purifier room(净油机室)油水挡板Drip tray托盘Tray操纵装置Control device应急切断装置Emergency cutting device遥控操纵和关断装置Remote operating andshutdown device启动及换向装置Starting and reversing gear 连锁装置Interlocking device传动装置Driving (driven) mechanism 速闭装置Quick-closing device安全装置Safety device保护装置Protecting device紧固装置Securing arrangements测温装置Temperature measuringdevice风机Fan制淡机Desalinator励磁机Exciter泥泵机Dredging engine皮带机Belt conveyer装船机Shiploader冷凝器Condenser壳管式冷凝器Shell-and-tube typecondenser双管式冷凝器Double-pipe type condenser 蒸发器Evaporator壳管式蒸发器Shell-and-tube typeevaporator双管式蒸发器Double-pipe type evaporator 壳内盘管式蒸发器Coil-in-casing typeevaporator蒸馏器Distiller传感器Sensor除霜器Defroster燃烧器Burner冷却器Cooler洗涤器，洗涤塔Scrubber减热器Desuperheater过滤器Filter加油器Feeder热水器Calorifier温度控制器Temperature controller接触器Contactor加热器Heater干燥器Drier雾化器Atomizer蜂鸣器Buzzer贮液器Receiver油分计Oil content meter盐量计Salinometer温度计Temperature gauge,thermometer速度计Velocity meter热流量计Thermal flow meter重力计Gravity meter液位计Level indicator压力表Pressure gauge(meter)流量表Flow meter(gauge)蜗轮：Worm gear (wheel)蜗壳V olute casing蜗杆Worm (screw)蜗杆轴Worm shaft蜗杆罩Worm case (casing)涡轮：Turbine涡轮罩Turbine cover叶轮：Impeller轴流式叶轮Axial-flow impeller离心式叶轮Centrifugal impeller径流式叶轮Radial flow impeller滚轮/滑轮：Pulley偏心滑轮Eccentric pulley张力滚轮Tension pulley棘轮：Ratchet制动棘轮Brake ratchet端棘轮End ratchet棘轮Wheel ratchet惰轮：Idle gear, idling gear填料Packing橡皮填料Rubber packing填料箱Stuff box填料函、盖Packing gland密封压盖Sealing gland密封环Seal ring密封装置Sealing arrangement油封装置Oil gland油封Oil seal轴封Shaft seal螺栓：Bolt基座螺栓Foundation bolt底脚(压紧)螺栓Holding down bolt螺柱Stud螺母Nut螺丝Screw螺纹Thread弯头Elbow, bend肖子Pintle制动块Chock绞链Hinge缩节Taper joint耳轴、耳套Trunnion漏斗Hopper垫圈Washer承滴盘Saveall平衡块Balance weight导向环Guide ring刹车带Brake band (lining)磨擦片Friction block, friction disk 驱动轮Driving wheel gear传动链Driven chain操纵螺杆Control screw rod板手Spanner钢丝钳Vice旋诺Screwdriver2磅榔头2-pound hammer试验机（大）testing machine（小）testing device特性Characteristic特征、特点Feature功能Function程序、方法Procedure过程、工序Process工艺Workmanship动态平衡Dynamical balance 静态平衡Static balance扭矩Torque拉力Tensile应力Stress屈服点Yield point 比重Specific gravity 粘度Viscosity速度Velocity额定功率Rated output额定转速Rated speed额定转数Rated revolution 灰份Ash content水份Water content流量Flow内径Internal diameter 外径External diameter 孔（内）径Bore半径Radius（三）．舾装Equipment and Outfits 舵Rudder舵设备rudder arrangement 舵杆rudder stock舵轴rudder axle舵扇rudder quadrant舵柄rudder tiller舵承(舵托) rudder carrier舵柱rudder post舵销rudder pintle 平衡舵balanced rudder半平衡舵semi-balanced rudder平板舵flat plate rudder整流舵contra guide rudder悬挂舵spade rudder舵角指示器rudder (angle) indicator舵叶和舵杆的连接法兰面coupling flange surfaces of rudder & rudder stock锚、锚链和锚机锚: Anchor锚泊及系泊设备anchoring and mooringequipment锚索anchor rope锚杆anchor shank锚横杆anchor stock锚爪anchor fluke锚冠anchor crown锚块anchor block销pin锚穴板anchor recess (anchorpocket plate)锚灯柱anchor light post锚钟杆anchor bell stock有杆锚Stocked anchor 无杆锚Stockless anchor首锚Bower anchor尾锚Stern anchor备用锚Spare anchor双抓锚Double-fluked anchor三抓锚Triple fluke anchor大抓力锚High holding power anchor 山字锚，霍尔锚Hall’s anchor斯贝克锚Speke anchor重力锚Gravity anchor海军锚Admiralty anchor铲形抓锚Spade anchor锚链：Chain cables锚卸口anchor shackle端链环end link大链环large link普通链环ordinary link转环swivel连接卸口connecting shackle 链环横档link stud锚链舱chain locker锚链舱出入口access锚链舱的锚链卷筒/锚链轮wildcat锚链管(直的，从甲板到锚链舱)chain pipe锚链筒（斜的，从甲板到外板）hawse pipe锚链筒甲板凸缘deck flange锚链筒外板凸缘shell flange锚链孔（防磨）唇口(hawse) bolster锚链水阀wash chain valve/cablewashing valve锚链冲水管hose pipe for washingchains锚链导槽guide bed锚链解脱器cable reliever止链器chain stopper锚机：Windlass电动锚机Electric windlass电动液压锚机Electric-hydraulic windlass带棘轮装置人力锚机Handspike windlass蒸汽锚机Steam windlass左绞盘port capstan右绞盘std capstan锚机滚筒gypsy（四）．甲板机械Deck Machinery起货设备cargo handling gear固定零部件permanent attachments活动零部件loose gear起重机：Crane起重机的起货索 ruffing wirehoisting wire吊臂crane jib基座crane pedestal岸吊shore crane浮吊floating crane起重机hoist(如：浮吊上部起重机floating crane upper hoist) 门式起重机gantry crane履带式起重机caterpillar crane高架移动式起重机（行车）overhead travelling crane 将军柱King post将军柱梯king post ladder吊杆：Derrick重型吊杆heavy derrick吊杆derrick boom吊杆台boom platform吊杆搁架derrick rest 吊杆承皿derrick shoe起货索cargo runner起货索滑车cargo runner block起货索滚筒cargo runner drum稳索(定位索) preventer guy有节定位索preventer guy with pitchedclip定位索套筒preventer guy socket定位索夹头holder for preventer guy千斤索topping lift钢丝绳steel wire rope差动滑车（神仙葫芦）differential pulley攀头eye band攀头板eye plate琵琶头eye splice鹅颈gooseneck鹅颈座gooseneck seat鹅颈横销gooseneck horizontal pin滑车：Block滑车轮sheave滑车壳shell滑车夹板cheek绳扣becket上千斤滑车upper span block下千斤滑车lower span block双轮滑车double sheave block 单轮滑车single sheave block 起货滑车cargo block导向滑车guide block导索滑车leading block起货滑车组cargo tackles千斤索滑车组span tackles吊货钩：Cargo hook能转的钩子swivel hook固定的钩子fixed hook绞车：Winch起货绞车cargo winch 系泊绞车mooring winch千斤索绞车topping winch拖缆绞车towing winch绞车滚筒drum卷车：Reel钢索卷车wire reel系缆卷车hawser reel升降机：Elevator, hoist, lift(er) 车辆vehicle抓斗grab叉车fork lift, fork lift truck 拖车trailer卡车truck, lorry二．动词部分缺陷defects, deficiencies制造中缺陷defects in(during) manufacturing 潜在缺陷latent (potential 可能的) defects 金属分层lamination金属疲劳fatigue金属疏松porosity空泡cavity气孔gas cavity疏松slag(熔渣) cavity砂眼sand cavity缩孔shrinkage hole冷隔cold shuts结疤scabs误差error未装not fitted未备有not provided，not available 不齐全、不完整incomplete不足insufficient不足、缺少deficient缺少short of遗漏、省去omitted遗漏、疏忽neglected遗失missing, lost冲走washed overboard易于liable to, apt to不便naccessible堵塞blocked卡住caught封没blanked闷塞plugged脱出slipped out跌落dropped (down)失灵out of order润滑欠佳poorly greasedbadly lubricated不润滑devoid of lubrication不整齐untidy杂乱in a mess安装不正确（指小型的装置设备）fitted incorrectly安装不正确（指较大的装置设备）installed incorrectly不能工作not working指本身不能工作，在损坏状况判断中不能工作unworkable, inoperable不能工作，失去作用，不起作用out of function不能工作(失效) inoperative不能使用（指必须换新的损坏部件）unserviceable (useless)停止工作（作用）out of action失效in failure故障out of order, in trouble功能失常malfunction间隙过大excess clearance齿隙过大excess backlash噪音过大excess noise level失圆out of roundness拉线不直out of alignment漏leaky滴漏dripped泪滴weeping汗滴sweating不水密non-watertight粘、轧住stick (stuck)使沉淀、使淤积deposited混有mixed沾污、污染contaminated污染polluted沾上、沾污stained裂缝、裂纹cracked发裂hair crack穿透裂缝through crack未穿透裂缝non-through crack冰裂crack by icing网状（辐射状）裂纹cracked in form of network 龟裂chapped刺破pierced折裂fractured划裂punctured断裂、破裂broken破掉（破裂后跌落）broken off（绳子）断裂parted碎裂broken into pieces撕裂torn (off)穿洞holed中拱hogged中垂sagged变形deformed变形out of shape成波状变形corrugated波曲waved呈自然波形deformed in wave condition. 皱折buckled鼓起、凸出bulged弯曲bent扭曲distorted翘曲、捲曲warped倾斜inclined倒塌collapsed悬挂hanged毁损destroyed, ruptured挤扁pressed压扁flattened压碎crushed压榨squashed脱落disconnected脱出detached移位dislocated连根拔、根除uprooted折断（齿轮）的齿，磨掉（螺钉、螺栓）的螺纹stripped穿透penetrated覆盖covered进水flooded浸水soaked积水accumulated弄湿moistened, wetted生锈rusted锈死、咬牢seized腐蚀corroded (eroded)耗蚀wasted凹痕、成麻点状pitted槽痕（比pitted深）grooved腐蚀成沟grooved蚀薄（橡皮垫料等的老化）deteriorated（绝缘层）破损deteriorated老化aged变薄thinned磨损worn磨损凹痕have traces of wearing自然损耗in wear and tear condition乳化emulsified风化（如木质门）weathered （木、橡胶）腐烂、腐坏rotten（电缆）腐烂、腐坏decayed（橡胶、电缆）腐烂、腐坏perished分裂（如橡皮垫料）disintegrated 拉毛（仅从反光上可观察到）scuffed擦痕chafed拉痕（痕较chafed深）scored抓痕（硬拉过的痕）scratched刮痕（长期运行刮的痕）scraped凸起雷治痕（环状的痕）ridged起肩、（呈有）凸肩ridged缺口notched断落notched off成锯齿状serrated锯齿形的zigzag敲缸knocked缠fouled, entangled, tangled使（线等）纠结snarled把一物放在另一物的上面、添加上superimposed散失scattered扭转twisted(轴承白合金) 脱壳detached开裂cracked挤压squeezed铺铅wiped过热overheated熔化melted烧毁burnt烧焦、焦痕scorched发黑blackened烟燻smoked, sooted（绝缘层）擦损、（绳子）磨损frayed 脱开disengaged超速、飞车overspeeded振动vibrated摆动swing(/swung)移动moved跳动jumped跳动（主轴承中的曲轴）jerked松动loose, loosened（铆钉）松动started滑牙loose-screwed（接缝）松裂started配合松动fitted loose偏心off-centering偏斜deflected偏差deviated轧煞jammed变弱weakened减少decreased干扰(radio) interference 失谐detuned抛锚、故障broken down断开、中断broken短路short-circuited接地（接于船体）earthed (grounded) 漏电in a state of electric leakage, electrical fault失电、熄灭blacked out触电shocked（电缆）挤压(cable) extruded接触明火contact naked fire走火fired跳闸tripped恶化worsened断面broken section热影响面heat affected zone修理方法永久性修理permanently repaired临时性修理temporarily repaired更正rectified矫正、补救remedied修理、修复、修整reconditioned换新renewed更换replaced (by, with)割换cropped & renewed部分割换partly cropped & renewed 焊接修理repaired by welding焊接welded堆焊built up by welding堆铜焊后磨光built up by brazing and then ground批清重焊chiseled out and re-welded 就地红火校正heated & faired in place红火校直heated & straightened拆检overhauled拆下removed (down)拆送车间修理removed to the workshop for repair装复refitted按原样装复refitted as original, newly fitted as original拆卸（某一另件）dismantled拆散（解体）disassembled装复re-assembled拆除（某一部件）stripped钻止裂孔stop hole drilled研磨(grind) ground拂磨fitted & ground拂刮fitted & scraped 刮磨scraped & ground拂合（装配好）made to fit捻缝caulked退火annealed淬火hardened热轧hot rolled正火normalized复补covered with a doubler，doubled贴补patched修补mended抬升、举起lifted顶起（用千斤顶顶起）jacked检查、核对checked调整、校准adjusted校中aligned校准calibrated镀plated在金属外包上另一种金属，包层clad , cladding 除锈derusted喷沙除垢de-scale by sand blast 拷铲出白chipped to bare metal （用油漆等）重新涂、再涂re-coated消除油气gas freed驱气purging清舱stripping光车machined (on lathe车床加工)精加工finished, finish machining削边edge cut匹配matched。