2021年6月英语四级第三套真题听力部分及参考答案

2021年6月英语四级第三套真题听力部分及参考答案Section A News ReportDirections：In this section，you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Directions: Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Question 1A) This incident occurred in Tibet.B) The dead cubs were found in the front of a temple.C) Some tiger cubs were dead because of abuse.D) The reason why they were in the freezer was clear.Question 2A) About 2 weeks.B) About 7 days.C) About 1 year.D) About 40 days.Directions: Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 3A) 17.B) 2.3.C) 57.D) 12.Question 4A) It can reduce the time to travel.B) It can reduce the vehicles on roads.C) It can move cargo between north and south.D) All of A、B and C.Directions:Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 5A) He was abandoned by his parents.B) He got lost in the forest.C) He went far to drink water.D) It wasn't mentioned.Question 6A) The boy's father.B) Soldiers, police and volunteers.C) Japan's military.D) Child psychiatrists.Question 7A) On Wednesday night.B) A few minutes later.C) Wednesday.D) Since Saturday.Section B ConversationDirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations。

2021年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案范文(第3套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on whether technology will make people lazy. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Many studies claim that computers distract people, make them lazy thinkers and even lower theirwork efficiency.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)听力原文及题目放在最后部分。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Nowadays you can't buy anything without then being asked to provide a rating of a company's performance on a five-star scale.I've been asked to rate my "store 26 "on the EFTPOS terminal before I can pay. Even the most 27 activities, such as calling Telstra or picking up a parcel from Australia Post, are followed by texts or emails with surveys asking," How did we do?"Online purchases are 28 followed up by a customer satisfaction survey. Companies are so 29 for a hit of stars that if you delete the survey the company sends you another one.We're 30 to rate our apps when we've barely had a chance to use them. One online course provider I use asks you what you think of the course after you've only completed 31 2 per cent of it.Economist Jason Murphy says that companies use customer satisfaction ratings because a 32 display of star feedback has become the nuclear power sources of the modern economy.However, you can't help but 33 if these companies are basing their business on fabrications（捏造的东西）.I 34 that with online surveys I just click the 35 that's closest to my mouse cursor（光标）to get the damn thing off my screen. Often the star rating I give has far more to do with the kind of day I'm having than the purchase l just made.A) announce E) experience I) roughly M) varietyB) commonplace F) fascinated J) routinely N)voyageC) confess G) option K) shining O) wonderD) desperate H) prompted L) showeringSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The start of high school doesn’t have to be stressful[A] This month, more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school. Many will do well. Butmany will not. Consider that nearly two-thirds of students will experience the “ninth-grade shock,” which refers to a dramatic drop in a student’s academic performance. Some students cope with this shock by avoiding challenges. For instance, they may drop rigorous coursework. Others may experience a hopelessness that results in failing their core classes, such as English, science and math.[B] This should matter a great deal to parents, teachers and policymakers. Ultimately it should matter to thestudents themselves and society at large, because students’ experience of transitioning（过渡）to ninth grade can have long-term consequences not only for the students but for their home communities. We make these observations as research psychologists who have studied how schools and families can help young people thrive.[C] In the new global economy, students who fail to finish ninth grade with passing grades in collegepreparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs. One study has calculated that the lifetime benefit to the local economy for a single additional student who completes high school is half a million dollars or more. This is based on higher earnings and avoided costs in health care, crime, welfare dependence and other things.[D] The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students’ ability to find a goodjob. It can also impact the extent to which they enjoy life. Students lose many of the friends they turned to for support when they move from eighth to ninth grade. One study of ninth grade students found that50 percent of friendships among ninth graders changed from one month to the next, signaling strikinginstability in friendships.[E] In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases indepression of any year over the lifespan. Researchers think that one explanation is that ties to friends are broken while academic demands are rising. Furthermore, most adult cases of clinical depression first emerge in adolescence（青春期）. The World Health Organization reports that depression has the greatest burden of disease, in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss of productivity.[F] Given all that’s riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be doneto improve the academic, social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school. So far, our studies have yielded one main insight: Students’ beliefs about change – their beliefs about whether people are stuck one way forever, or whether people can change their personalities and abilities – are related to their ability to cope, succeed academically and maintain good mental health. Past research has called these beliefs “mindsets（思维模式）,” with a “fixed mindset” referring to the belief that people cannot change and a “growth mindset” referring to the belief that people can change.[G] In one recent study, we examined 360 adolescents’ beliefs about the nature of “smartness” – that is, theirfixed mindsets about intelligence. We then assessed biological stress responses for students whose grades were dropping by examining their stress hormones（荷尔蒙）. Students who believed that intelligence is fixed – that you are stuck being “not smart” if you struggle in school – showed higher levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining at the beginning of ninth grade. If students believed that intelligence could improve – that is to say, when they held more of a growth mindset of intelligence – they showed lower levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining. This was an exciting resultbecause it showed that the body’s stress responses are not determined solely by one’s grades. Instead, declining grades only predicted worse stress hormones among students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.[H] We also investigated the social side of the high school transition. In this study, instead of teachingstudents that their smartness can change, we taught them that their social standing – that is, whether you are bullied or excluded or left out – can change over time. We then looked at high school students’ stress responses to daily social difficulties. That is, we taught them a growth mindset about their social lives. In this study, students came into the laboratory and were asked to give a public speech in front of upper-year students. The topic of the speech was what makes one popular in high school. Following this, students had to complete a difficult mental math task in front of the same upper-year students.[I] Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stressresponses. When these students gave the speech, their blood vessels contracted and their hearts pumped less blood through the body – both responses that the body shows when it is preparing for damage or defeat after a physical threat. Then they gave worse speeches and made more mistakes in math. But when students were taught that people can change, they had better responses to stress, in part because they felt like they had the resources to deal with the demanding situation. Students who got the growth mindset intervention（干预）showed less-contracted blood vessels and their hearts pumped more blood – both of which contributed to more oxygen getting to the brain, and, ultimately, better performance on the speech and mental math tasks.[J] These findings lead to several possibilities that we and others are investigating further. First, we are working to replicate（复制）these findings in more diverse school communities. We want to know in which types of schools and for which kinds of students these growth mindset ideas help young people adapt to the challenges of high school. We also hope to learn how teachers, parents or school counselors can help students keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective. We wonder what would happen if schools helped to make beliefs about the potential for change and improvement a larger feature of the overall school culture, especially for students starting the ninth grade.36. The number of people experiencing depression shows a sharp increase in the first year of high school.37. According to one study, students’ academic performance is not the only decisive factor of their stress responses.38. Researchers would like to explore further how parents and schools can help ninth graders by changing their mindset.39. According to one study, each high school graduate contributes at least 500,000 dollars to the local economy.40. In one study, students were told their social position in school is not unchangeable.41. It is reported that depression results in enormous economic losses worldwide.42. One study showed that friendships among ninth graders were far from stable.43. More than half of students will find their academic performance declining sharply when they enter the ninth grade.44. Researchers found through experiments that students could be taught to respond to stress in more positive way.45. It is beneficial to explore ways to cope with the challenges facing students entering high school. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Boredom has become trendy. Studies point to how boredom is good for creativity and innovation, as well as mental health. For example, a 2014 study published in the Creativity Research Journal found that people were more creative following the completion of a tedious task. Another piece of research published in the same year by the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology found that when people were bored, they had an increase in “associative thought”-the process of making new connections between ideas, which is linked to innovative thinking. These studies are impressive, but in reality, the benefits of boredom may be related to having time to clear your mind, be quiet, or daydream.The truth is, pure boredom isn’t pleasant. One study published in Science found that participants (67% of men and 25% of women) chose to administer an electric shock to themselves rather than to sit and think quietly for 6 to 15 minutes. In addition, a Washington State University study shows boredom is on the rise, especially in adolescent girls. This is a problem, since boredom can have negative consequences that lead to everything from overeating to issues with drugs, drinking, or gambling.In our stimulation-rich world, it seems unrealistic that boredom could occur at all. Yet, there are legitimate reasons boredom may feel so painful. As it turns out, boredom might signal the fact that you have a need that isn’t being met.Our always-on world of social media may result in more connections, but they are superficial and can get in the way of building a real sense of belonging. Feeling bored may signal the desire for a greater sense of community and the feeling that you fit in with others around you. So take the step of joining a club, organization, or association to build face-to-face relationships and create new friendships. You’ll find depth that you won’t get from your screen no matter how many likes you get on your post.Similar to the need for belonging, bored people often report that they feel a limited sense of meaning. It’s a fundamental human need to have a larger purpose and to feel like we’re part of something bigger than ourselves. A 2007 University of Mississippi study found that when people are bored, they’re more likely to feel less meaning in their lives and vice versa. Conversely, a 2016 study by the University of Southampton found that when people volunteered, their happiness increased. If you want to reduce boredom and increaseyour sense of meaning, seek work that matters to you where you can make a unique contribution, or find a cause you can support with your time and talents.People have varying needs for stimulation and adrenaline rushes, but in general, boredom may be a signal that you need to push yourself a bit. This could be a stretch at work or in your leisure activities. After all, happiness is correlated with being challenged and developing new skills, and scrolling through your social media accounts doesn’t meet this requirement. So find opportunities to try new things, whether it’s skydiving, taking on a tough project at work, or starting a hobby that provides a fun outlet.One of the aspects of boredom is feeling like things are the same from day to day and week to week. Some predictability is good for mental health, but you may also need some variety in your life. Invite people of different backgrounds into your friend group, join the unexpected interest group at work, or read more widely on unusual topics. The key is to broaden your perspective and change what you’re exposed to regularly.In The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, journalist Nicholas Carr makes a strong case for the ways our brains have been rewired to glaze the surface of things, rather than to go deep. But the ability to have more depth, process deeply, and get into flow is hallmarks of empathy, connectedness, and happiness. Find a project that you can lose yourself in, because it’s so exciting, or set aside time to solve a thorny problem. These kinds of deep thinking can go far in alleviating boredom.If your definition of boredom is being quiet, mindful, and meditative, keep it up. But if you’re wrestling with real boredom and the emptiness it provokes, consider whether you might seek new connections, more meaning, more significant challenges, diversity of experiences, or more depth in your efforts. These are the things that will genuinely alleviate boredom and make you more effective in the process.46. What have studies found about boredom?A. It facilitates innovative thinking.B. It is a result of doing boring tasks.C. It helps people connect with others.D. It does harm to one's mental health47. What does the author say boredom might indicate?A. A need to be left alone.B. A desire to be fulfilled.C. A conflict to be resolved.D. A feeling to be validated.48. What do we learn about social media from the passage?A. It may be an obstacle to expanding one's connections.B. It may get in the way of enhancing one's social status.C. It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community.D. It may make people feel that they ought to fit in with the outside world49. What does the author suggest people do to get rid of boredom?A. Count the likes they get on their posts.B. Reflect on how they relate to others.C. Engage in real-life interactions.D. Participate in online discussions50. What should people do to enhance their sense of meaning?A. Try to do something original.B. Confront significant challenges.C. Define boredom in their unique way.D. Devote themselves to a worthy Cause.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be able to dredge up a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you’ve noted every snack bar en route to the car or every handful of nuts at your desk? Most people will have the lingering feeling that they’ve missed something out.We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. We found reliable evidence that people were drastically under-reporting what they ate – and the problem was getting worse over time.Now the Office for National Statistics has responded to our report by confirming its findings: we are consuming 50% more calories than our national statistics claim.Why is this happening? We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. There is good evidence that under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people. The main reason for this seems to be that obese people simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember.Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to lose weight has been increasing over time (from 40% in 1997 to 50% in 2013, for example). People who want to lose weight are around 10 percentage points more likely to under-report their eating – regardless of whether they are overweight or not. This may be driven partly by self-deception or “wishful thinking”.The final potential cause is an increase in snacking and eating out over recent decades – both in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. The amount of time spent eating out doubled between 1975 and 2000, for example. By 2015, one in five meals was eaten outside the home. This trend means it is more difficult for us to keep track of what we eat, not least because we have to remember more eating events. Again, there is evidence for this – food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys.So, what’s the takeaway? For statistics, we should invest in more accurate measurement options – these do exist, but they can be expensive. For policy, we need to focus on options that make it easy for people to eat fewer calories. If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for people to stick to a diet. Instead, we should be looking for new ways to incentivise and achieve food reformulation. If this works,then people would not need to try to eat less – it’s just that what they eat wouldn’t have the same impact on their waistlines. And it won’t matter so much if they can’t remember whether it was a muffin or a croissant yesterday morning.51. What did the author suspect back in 2016?A. Calorie consumption had fallen drastically over the decades.B. Most people surveyed were reluctant to reveal what they ate.C. The national statistics did not reflect the actual calorie consumption.D. Most people did not include snacks when reporting their calorie intake.52. What has the Office for National Statistics verified?A. People's calorie intake was far from accurately reported.B. The missing out of main meals leads to the habit of snacking.C. The nation's obesity level has much to do with calorie intake.D. Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats.53. What do we learn about obese people from the passage?A. They usually keep their eating habits a secret.B. They overlook the potential causes of obesity.C. They cannot help eating more than they should.D. They have difficulty recalling what they have eaten54. What often goes unnoticed in surveys on food consumption?A. The growing trend of eating out.B. The potential causes of snacking.C. People's home energy consumption.D. People's changing diet over the years.55. What does the author suggest policymakers do about obesity?A. Remind people to cut down on snacking.B. Make sure people eat non-fattening food.C. Ensure people don't miss their main meals.D. See that people don't stick to the same diet.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.普洱(Pu’er)茶深受中国人喜爱，最好的普洱茶产自云南的西双版纳(Xishuangbanna)，那里的气候和环境为普洱茶树的生长提供了最佳条件。

2021年6月大学英语四级真题3PartⅠWriting第1题、Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay titled"Are people becoming addicted to technology?".The statement given below is for your reference.You should write at least 120words but no more than180words.Numerous studies claim that addiction to technology is real and it has the same effect on the brain as drug addiction.参考答案：Are people becoming addicted to technology?The rapid development of technology has brought profound changes almost in every aspect of people's lives and numerous studies have shown that people are becoming more and more addicted to technology.For my part,it is true that many people are becoming addicted to technology.In the first place,those who are under pressure in real life and work are more likely to release their stress and seek spiritual relief in virtual world by playing computer games or chatting with others on WeChat.Wherever you go,be it in a subway or on the street,you can see Phubbers whose eyes seem glued to the screen of their smart phones.In the second place,impelled by inborn inertia,many people tend to finish their physical tasks with the help of technology. The more they resort to technology,the more addicted they become to technology.All in all,it is an indisputable fact that people are becoming more addicted to technology,owing to the fact that it can release their psychological and physical pressure.答案解析：1.Wherever you go,be it in a subway or on the street,you can see Phubbers whose eyes seem glued to the screen of their smart phones.本句中wherever引导地点状语从句，也可视为让步状语从句。

2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该局部，之后将进展听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2021年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套一样，因此本套听力局部不再重复给出。

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,〞in which an imbalance in the body’s chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements〔28)_______. It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly (29) _______ in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的〕(30)_______ either with a moderate dose of caffeine (咖啡因)，which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo (抚慰剂〕without, during 3 hours of (31)_______ . After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still (32)_______ their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, (33)_______ their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was (34)_______ to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying (35)_______ eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.注意：此局部试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2021年6月英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(第3套)Direction.s: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on parents' role in their children's growth. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C. and D,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the centre.1.A. The woman is the manager's secretary.B. The man found himself in a wrong place.C. The man is the manager's business associate.D. The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.2.A. He needs more time for the report.B. He needs help to interpret the data.C. He is sorry not to have helped the woman.D. He does not have sufficient data to go on.3.A. A friend from New York.B. A message from Tony.C. A postal delivery.D. A change in the weather.4. A. She is not available until the end of next week.B. She is not a reliable source of information.C. She does not like taking exams.D. She does not like psychology.5. A. He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B. The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast.C. The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D. There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.6.A. Mary is not so easygoing as her.B. Mary and she have a lot in conmon.C. She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D. She does not believe what her neighborssaid.7.A. At an information service.B. At a car wash point.C. At a repair shop.D. At a dry cleaner's.8. A. The woman came to the concert at the man's request.B. The man is already fed up with playing the piano.C. The piece of music the man played is very popular.D. The man's unique talents are the envy of many people.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B. He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C. He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D. He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.10. A. He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B. He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C. He likes to work in a company close to home.D. He would rather get a less demanding job.11.A. Sports.B. Travel.C. Foreign languages.D. Computer games.12. A. When he is supposed to start work.B. What responsibilities he would have.C. When he will be informed about his application.D. What career opportunities her company can offer.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A. She is pregnant.B. She is over 50.C. She has just finished her project.D. She is a good saleswoman.14.A. He takes good care of Lisa.B. He is the CEO of a giant company.C. He is good at business management.D. He works as a sales manager.15. A. It is in urgent need of further development.B. It produces goods popular among local people.C. It has been losing market share in recent years.D. It is well positioned to compete with the giants.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and tho questions will be spoken only once. After youhoar a question, you must choose tho best answer from the four choices marked A, B,C. and D. Then mark tho correspondingletter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough tho centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A. It is lined with tall trees.B. It was widened recently.C. It has high buildings on both sides.D. It used to be dirty and disorderly.17.A. They repaved it with rocks.B. They built public restrooms on it.C. They beautified it with plants.D. They set up cooking facilities near it.18.A. What makes life enjoyable.B. How to work with tools.C. What a community means.D. How to improve health.19. A. They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract.B. They were encouraged by the city officials' praise.C. They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys.D. They derived happiness from the constructive work.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have justheard.20. A. The majority of them think it less important than computers:B. Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned.C. The majority of them find it interesting.D. Few of them read more than ten books a year.21.A. Novels and stories.B. Mysteries and detective stories.C. History and science books.D. Books on culture and tradition.22.A. Watching TV.B. Listening to music.C. Reading magazines.D. Playing computer games.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A. Advice on the purchase of cars.B. Information about the new green-fuel vehicles.C. Trends for the development of the motor car.D. Solutions to global fuel shortage.24.A. Limited driving range.B. Huge recharging expenses.C. The short life of batteries.D. The unaffordable high price.25. A. They need to be further improved.B. They can easily switch to natural gas.C. They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy.D. They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hoar a passage three times. When tho passage is read for tho first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When tho passage is read for tho second time, you are required to fill in tho blanks with tho exact words you have just hoard. Finally, when tho passage is read for tho third time, you should chock what you have written.My favorite TV. show? "The Twilight Zone. " I（26）like the episode called "The Printer'sDevil. " It's about a newspaper editor who's being（27）out of business by a big newspapersyndicate--you know, a group of papers（28）by the same people.He's about to（29）when he's interrupted by an old manwho says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered $ 5,000 to pay off his newspaper's（30）, but this Smith character also offers hisservices for free. It turns out that the guy operates the printing machine with amazing speed, and soon he's turning out newspapers with31 The small paper is successful again. The editor is／（32）athow quickly Smith gets his stories--only minutes after they happen--but soon he's presented with acontract to sign. Mr. Smith, it seems, is really the devil! The editor is frightened by this news, but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper, so he agrees to sign. But soon Smith is（33）the news even before it happens--and it's all terrible--one disaster after another. Anyway, there is a little more to tell, but I don't want to （34）the story for you. I really like these old episodes of "The Twilight Zone" because the stories are fascinating. They are not realistic. But then again, in a way they are, because they deal with（35）．Section ADirections: In this sectinm, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As a teacher, you could bring the community into your classroom in many ways. The parents and grandparents of your students are resources and（36）for their children. They can be（37）teachers of their own traditions and histories. Immigrant parents could talk about their country of（38）and why they emigrated to the United States. Parents can be invited to talk about their jobs or a community project. Parents, of course, are not the only community resources. Employees at local businesses and staff at community agencies have（39）information to share in classrooms. Field trips provide another opportunity to know the community. Many students don't have the opporttmity to（40）concerts or visit museums or historical sites except through field trips. A school district should have41for selecting and conducting field trips. Families must be made（42）of field trips and give permission for their children to participate. Through school projects, students can learn to be（43）in community projects ranging from plantingtrees to cleaning up a park to assisting elderly people. Students,（44）older ones, might conduct research on a community need that could lead to action by a city council or state government. Some schools require students to provide community service by（45）in a nursing home, child care center or government agency. These projects help students understand their responsibility to the larger community.A. AssetsB. AttendC. AwareD. especiallyE. ExcellentF. ExpensiveG. guidelinesH. involvedI. joiningJ. naturallyK. observeL. originM. recruitedN. up-to-dateO. volunteeringSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Reaping the Rewards of Risk-TakingA. Since Steve Jobs resigned as chief executive of Apple, much has been said about him as a peerless business leader who has created immense wealth for shareholders, and guided the design of hit products that are transforming entire industries, like music and mobile communications.B. All true, but let's think different, to borrow the Apple marketing slogan of years back. Let's look at Mr. Jobs as a role model.C. Above all, he is an innovator (创新者). His creative force is seen in products such as the iPod, iPhone, and iPad, and in new business models for pricing and distributing music and mobile software online. Studies of innovation come to the same conclusion: you can't engineer innovation, but you canincrease the odds of it occurring. And Mr. Jobs' career can be viewed as a consistent pursuit of improving those odds, both for himself and the companies he has led. Mr. Jobs, of course, has enjoyed singular success. But innovation, broadly defined, is the crucial ingredient in all economic progress--higher growth for nations, more competitive products for companies, and more prosperous careem for individuals. And Mr. Jobs, many experts say, exemplifies what works in the innovation game.D. "We can look at and learn from Steve Jobs what the essence of American innovation is," says John Kao, an innovation consultant to corporations and governments. Many other nations, Mr. John Kao notes, axe now ahead of the United States in producing what are considered the raw materials of innovation. These include government financing for scientific research, national policies to support emerging industries, educational achievement, engineers and scientists graduated, even the speeds of Internet broadband service.E. Yet what other nations typically lack, Mr. Kao adds, is a social environment that encourages diversity, experimentation, risk-taking, and combining skills from many fields into products that he calls "recombinant mash-ups (打碎重组)," like the iPhone, which redefined the smartphonecategory. "The culture of other countries doesn't support the kind of innovation that Steve Jobs exemplifies, as America does," Mr. John Kao says.F. Workers of every rank are told these days that wide-ranging curiosity and continuous learning are vital to tturiving in the modern economy. Formal education matters, career counselors say, but real- life experience is often even more valuable.G. An adopted child, growing up in Silicon Valley, Mr. Jobs displayed those traits early on. He wasfascinated by electronics as a child, building Heathkit do-it-yourself projects, like radios. Mr. Jobs dropped out of Reed College after only a semester and traveled around India in search of spiritual enlightenment, before returning to Silicon Valley to found Apple with his friend, Stephen Wozniak, an engineering wizard (奇才). Mr. Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985, went off and founded two other companies, Next and Pixar, before returning to Apple in 1996 and becoming chiefexecutive in 1997.H. His path was unique, but innovation experts say the pattern of exploration is not unusual. "It's often people like Steve Jobs who can draw from a deep reservoir of diverse experiences that often generate breakthrough ideas andinsights," says Hal Gregersen, a professor at the European Institute of Business Administration.I. Mr. Gregersen is a co-author of a new book, The Innovator's DNA, which is based on an eight-year study of 5,000 entrepreneurs (创业者. and executives worldwide. His two collaborators and co- authors are Jeff Dyer, a professor at Brigham Young University, and Clayton Christensen, a professor at the Harvard Business School, whose 1997 book The Innovator's Dilemma popularized the concept of "disruptive ( 颠覆性的. innovation. "J. The academics identify five traits that are common to the disruptive innovators: questioning, experimenting, observing, associating and networking. Their bundle of characteristics echoes the ceaseless curiosity and willingness to take risks noted by other experts. Networking, Mr. Hal Gregersen explains, is less about career-building relationships than a consistent search for new ideas. Associating, he adds, is the ability to make idea-producing connections by linking concepts from different disciplines.K. "Innovators engage in these mental activities regularly," Mr. Gregersen says. "It's a habit for them. " Innovative companies, according to the authors, typicallyenjoy higher valuations in thestock market, which they call an "innovation premium (溢价). " It is calculated by estimating the share of a company's value that cannot be accounted for by its current products and cash flow. The innovation premium tries to quantify ( 量化. investors' bets that a company will do even better in the future because of innovation.L. Apple, by their calculations, had a 37 percent innovation premium during Mr. Jobs' first term withthe company. His years in exile resulted in a 31 percent innovation discount. After his return, Applee's fortunes inmroved gradv at first, and imp)roved markedly starting in 2005, yielding a 52percent innovation premium since then.M. There is no conclusive proof, but Mr. Hal Gregersen says it is unlikely that Mr. Jobs could havereshaped industries beyond computing, as he has done in his second term at Apple, without theexperience outside the company, especially at Pixar--the computer-animation (动画制作. studiothat created a string of critically and commercially successful movies, such as "Toy Story" andN. Mr. Jobs suggested much the same thing during a commencement address to the graduating class atStanford University in 2005. "It turned out that getting fired from Applewas the best thing thatcould have ever happened to me," he told the students. Mr. Jobs also spoke of perseverance ( 坚持. and will power. "Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick," he said. "Don't losefaith. "O. Mr. Jobs ended his commencement talk with a call to innovation, both in one's choice of work andin one's life.Be curious, experiment, take risks, he said to the students.His advice wasemphasized by the words on the back of the final edition of The Whole Earth Catalog, which hequoted: "Stay hungry. Stay foolish. " "And," Mr. Jobs said, "I have always wished that formyself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew,I wish that for you. "46. Steve Jobs called on Stanford graduates to innovate in his commencement address.47. Steve Jobs considered himself lucky to have been fired once by Apple.48. Steve Jobs once used computers to make movies that were commercial hits.49. Many governments have done more than the US government in providing the raw materials for innovation.50. Great innovators are good at connecting concepts from various academic fields.51. Innovation is vital to driving economic progress.52. America has a social environment that is particularly favorable to innovation.53. Innovative ideas often come from diverse experiences.54. Real-life experience is often more important than formal education for career success.55. Apple's fortunes suffered from an innovation discount during Jobs' absence.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C. and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We're eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we're doing andyet we do it anyway.So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lessonfrom alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it's displayed?"Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症. assume that peopleconsciously and rationallychoose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access tohealthier foods," note the two researchers. "In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people makerational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance--like food--of whichimmoderate consumption leads to serious health problems. " The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcoholrestrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be pronfising if applied tojunk foods. Among them: Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but areallotted (分配. based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcoholless easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink. Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. Sowhy not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? Andwhy not limit sale of food in places that aren't primarily food stores? Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cashregisters in gas stations, and in most places you can't buyalcohol at drive-through facilities. Atsupermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen. One couldremove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The othermeasures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, andplacing warning labels on the products.56. What does the author say about junk food?A. People should be educated not to eat too much.B. It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C. Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D. It causes more harm than is generally realized.57. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A. They should be implemented effectively.B. They provide misleading information.C. They are based on wrong assumptions.D. They help people make rational choices.58. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A. Few people are able to resist alcohol's temptations.B. There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C. Drinldng strong alcohol can cause social problems.D. Easy access leads to customers' over-consumption~59. What is the purpose of California's rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A. To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B. To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C. To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D. To get alcohol out of drivers' immediate sight.60. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A. Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B. Enhancing people's awareness of their own health.C. Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D. Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Kodak's decision to file for bankruptcy (破产. protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turningpoint for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the filmmarket for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution. Although many attribute Kodak's downfall to "complacency ( 自满 )," that explanationdoesn'tacknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipatedthat digital photography would overtake film--and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in1975--but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditionalfilm business. It wasn't that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at HarvardBusiness School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time thecompany realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot ofmoney trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching to newmarkets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporateculture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fullyembrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Nowtheir history has become a liability.Kodak's downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded90% of the market forphotographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s broughtnew competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lowerprices for film and photo supplies. Kodak's decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited itssponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.61. What do we learn about Kodak?A. It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B. It is approaching its downfall.C. It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D. It is playing the dominant role in the film market.62. Why does the author mention Kodak's Invention of the first digital camera?A. To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B. To show its effort to overcome complacency.C. To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D. To show its will to compete with Japan's Fuji Photo.63. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A. They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B. They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C. They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D. They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.64. What does the author say Kodak's history has become?A. A burden.B. A mirror.C. A joke.D. A challenge.65. What was Kodak's fatal mistake?A. Its blind faith in traditional photography.B. Its failure to see Fuji Photo's emergence.C. Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D. Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。

2021年6月英语四级真题及参考答案完整版四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，请找具体选项内容，忽略套数。

注：对题目和选项内容，不要纠结套数、ABCD顺序的问题无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本(有文字也有图片，图片可以自由拉伸)，仅供大家参考。

网络综合版：听力NEWS1And finally in tonight's news,a nine-year-old boy named Joe told not to draw in class wins a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school's workbook.(1)Joe's parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class.His teacher recognized Joe's talent and posted all his work online,which led to something pretty wonderful.(2)A restaurant named Number4in Newcastle contacted Joe's teachers to ask if the nine-year-old could come and decorated the dining room with his drawings.Every day after school,Joe's dad drives him to theOY restaurant, so he can put his ideas straight on the wall.Once he's all done,the work will remain there permanently.Joe's dad says, Joe is a really talented little boy.He's excellent at school.He's great at football,but drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.Q1.What did Joe's parents decide to do?Q2.what did the restaurant,Number4,do?NEWS2Christine Marshall,a-34-year-old mum of one posted a tearful video on social media,Wednesday,begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog.Aftercombing through the security video outside a global’s shop,(3)Christine has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog.The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms.Christine also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car,which had been waiting nearby.(4)The family is now offering a5,000pound reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief,the dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar. Christine said“We will pay that to anyone who brings him home,as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance,please on investigating the incident”.Q3What is Christine Marshall trying to do?Q4What does the news report say about Christine Marshall's family?NEWS3London's eggs and bread cafe offers a boiled eggs,toast,jam,and bacon,as well as tea,coffee,and orange juice.But at the end of the meal,customers don't have to worry about the bill.Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the cafe or nothing at all.(5)Owner Guy Wilson says his cafe aims to build community rather than profits.He wants to provide a bridge for people to connectWANGYI in an area that has been divided by class and wealth,by providing affordable breakfast.(6)The cafe is open in the mornings every day of the year.And has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day.The cafe doesn't use volunteers,but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service.It doesn't take donations and doesn't want to be seen as a charity.Mr.Wilson says when people start to know other people around them,(7)they realize they're not that different and whatever their financial background or their educational background,most people will havesomething in common with each other.He says it's important that his cafe can offer his customers security and permanenceQ5What does Guy Wilson say his cafe aims to do?Q6What does the news report say about eggs and bread cafe?Q7What happens when people start to know each other according to Guy Wilson?CONVERSATION1M:So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?W:How about inviting people to come at6:00PM then we'll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that?M:Yes.I was thinking that around six would be good too.What food should we provide?W:Well,I had thought about baking a cake and some biscuits,and now I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks and some other kinds of food so that people can just help themselves rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal.I think that's a bit too formal.It's better to let people walk around and talk to each other or sit where they like.M:Yes,that sounds good.I'll go to the supermarket to get some drinks.I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town,see what they have.I've not been there before.I think we should get some beer and wine and some fruit juice and other soft drinks.What do you think?W:Sounds great.I think those drinks will be enough.And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers,so going there should be a great idea.What should we do about music?M：Maybe we should also ask Pual to bring his computer and speakers so that we can play some music.He has a great collection of different stuff.Yes. All right.Q8.What are the speakers mainly talking about?Q9.Why does the woman say it is a good idea to serve foods that guests can help themselves too?Q10.What does the woman say about the new supermarket?CONVERSATION2W:I’m thinking of buying a car.I wouldn't need to use it every day,but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.M:That's exciting.Would this be your first car?W:Nope.M:I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami.You see, in America,many cities don't have good public transport.So most people need their ownOY car to get around.W:I see.M:So have you got your mindset on a specific model?W:No,not really.(13)I've heard that German cars are very reliable,but I haven't decided on a specific model yet.I'd also like it to be small so that it's easy to drive in the city.M:I have a friend who sells secondhand cars.In fact,I think his family owns the business.He's a really nice guy and he knows a lot about cars.I could give you his phone number if you want,and you could call him and ask him questions.W:Hmm.That's nice of you,but I don't want to feel obliged to buy one of his car.M:Oh no.He's not like that.He's a good friend of mine and he would never try to pressure you.W:Well,if you trust him,then I guess it should be okay.To be honest,I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.M:Exactly.You have nothing to worry about.He's a lovely guy and he'll be happy to help.Q13.What does the woman say about German cars?Q14.What does the man recommend the woman do?Q15.What do we learn about the Loinbo's friend from the conversation?PASSAGE1Passage one.Pigs are not native to north America.They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago.In the early times,pigs were allowed to wander freely and search a food.This practice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild,which became a problem.In fact,as one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent,wild pigs caused millions of dollars in crop damage yearly.TheyOY also harbored dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals.Forest patcheswith wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and animal diversity.In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply,wild pigs damaged native habitats by reaching up crosses and rubbing on trees.Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas.Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories.Mice,deer, birds,snakes and frogs are among their victims.They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply.On one particular United States island,wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle.Eagles began breeding on the island and also feeding on a species of native fox.The foxes were almost wiped out completely.Q16.What do we learn about early pigs in north America?Q17.Why are wild pigs a threat to humans?Q18.What does the passage say about the native foxes on a U.S.island? PASSAGE2(19)A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans,as they float inside it in a pressurized tank.The effect would be to roast the beans all over and produce perfect coffee.(20)The businessmen say that on earth,beans can easily break apart and get burned in the roaster.But if gravity is removed,the beans float around and heated oven,received360degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection.The spacecraft will reach a height of around200kilometers.The beans would WANGYI then be roasted and the heat generated by the crafts20minute re-entry into earth's atmosphere.Temperatures and the pressurized tank will be kept to around200degrees Celsius.Once back on earth,the planet's first space roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai.This is where the Pairs company is based.It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup.Surprisingly, the space roaster concept should it go ahead will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space.(21)In2015,two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft,which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.Q19.What are a pair of entrepreneurs planning to do?Q20.What does the passage say about coffee beans roasted on earth?Q21.What did the two Italian companies do in2015?PASSAGE3Passage threeIn cold and snowy Alaska,there’s a village called Takotna.It has a population of a mere49adults.Each March,this tiny village swells up in numbers because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year.It is a seven-day race called“The Iditarod Trail”.And participants stop at Takotna for the obligatory24hour rest.Lucky for them,Takotna is famous OY for its delicious fruit pies.Weeks before the competitors arrive,the residents of Takotna start preparing what is without question their biggest event of the year.The whole village chips in to help,including the kids,who end up developing their baking skills at an early age.Exhausted and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds,such as apple,orange,lemon,or banana.They consume the pies and a stomach warming race fuel.The toughness of the race allows for racers to eat pretty much whatever they want.The more calories, the better.Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the1970s.It started with one person,Jane Newton.Jane moved from Iditarod with her husband in1972and opened a restaurant.A rich and filling fruit pies quickly got the races attention,and the village gained some fame as a result.Proud residents then started to refer to Jane as queen of Takotna.Questions22to25,or based on the passage,you have just heardQ22.Why do a lot of people come to the village of Takotna every March?Q23.What is the village of Takotna famous for?Q24.Who comes to help with the event of the year?Q25.What does the passage say about Jane Newton?第一套答案：SectionA1.C)Send him to an after-school art class.2.D)Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.3.A)Get her pet dog back.4.B)It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.5.D)Help people connect with each other.6.B)It does not use volunteers7.A)They will find they have something in commonSectionB8.D)Preparations for Saturday's get-together.9.A)It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.10.B)It offers some big discounts.11.D)Bring his computerand speakers12.C)For convenience at weekends.13.B)They are reliable.14.C)Seek advice from his friend15.A)He can be trusted.SectionC16.D)Many escaped from farms and became wild.17.A)They carry a great many diseases.18.B)They fell victim to eagles.19.C)Roast coffee beans in outer space.20.A)They can easily get burned.21.B)They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.22.C)A race passes through it annually.23.D)It’s tasty fruit pies.24.A)The entire village.25.C)She helped the village to become famous.第二套答案SectionA1.A)See the Pope.2.D)He ended up in the wrong place.3.C)Glasgow has pledged to take the lead in reducing carbon emissions in the UK.4.A)Glasgow needs to invest in new technologies to reach its goal.5.B)It permits employees to bring cats into their offices.6.B)Rescue homeless cats.7.C)It has let some other companies to follow suit.SectionB8.A)Find out where is Jimmy.9.B)He was working on a project with Jimmy.10.C)He was involved a traffic accident.11.D)He wanted to conceal something from his parents.12.B)Shopping online.13.D)Getting one's car parked.14.C)The quality of food products.15.A)It saves moneySectionC16.D)They have strong negative emotions towards math.17.B)It affects low performing children only.18.A)Most of them have average to strong math ability.19.C)Addiction to computer games is a disease.20.A)They prioritize their favored activity over what they should do.21.D)There is not enough evidence to classify it as a disease.22.C)They are a shade of red bordering on brown.23.D)They must follow some common standards.24.B)They look more official.25.D)For security.​​​快速阅读1What happens when a language has no words for numbers?36.[E]It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively（在认知方面）normal，well-adapted to the surroundings they have dominated for centuries.37.[H]Compared with other mammals,our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many assume.38.[E]It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively（在认知方面）normal，well-adapted to the surroundings they have dominated for centuries.39.[B]But,in a historical sense,number-conscious people like us are the unusual ones.40.[K]Research on the language of numbers shows,more and more,that one of our species'key characteristics is tremendous linguistic（语言的）and cognitive diversity.41.[D]This and many other experiments have led to a simple conclusion:When people do not have number words,they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me.42.[G]None of us,then,is really a"numbers person."We are not born to handle quantitative distinctions skillfully.43.[A]Numbers do not exist in all cultures44.[I]So,how did we ever invent"unnatural"numbers in the first place?The answer is,literally,at your fingertips.45.45.[F]This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies.快读阅读2The start of high school doesn't have to be stressful36.[E]ln addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.37.[G]ln one recent study,we examined360adolescents'beliefs about the nature of"smartness"-that is,their fixed mindsets about intelligence.38.[J]These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.39.[C]In the new global economy,students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.40.[H]We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.41.[E]n addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.42.[D]The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students'ability to find a good job.43.[A]This month,more than4million students across the nation will begin high school.44.[I]Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress responses.45.[F]Given all that's riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic,social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school.快读阅读3Science of setbacks:How failure can improve career prospects36.[G]One straightforward reason close losers might outper-form narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability.37.[D]Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers.38.[K]ln sports and many areas of life,we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better.39.[B]one way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifications.40.[I]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.41.[F]In a study published in Nature Communications,North-western University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than1,100scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between1990and2005.42.[J]For his part,Wang said that in his own experience,losing did light a motivating fire.43.[C]A2018study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,for example,followed researchers in the Netherlands.44.[I]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.45.[E]This is bad news for the losers.仔细阅读1-题源What happens when a language has no words for numbers?Numbers do not exist in all cultures.There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deep in Amazonia,living along branches of the world’s largest river tree.Instead of using words for precise quantities,these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to“a few”or“some.”In contrast,our own lives are governed by numbers.As you read this,you are likely aware of what time it is,how old you are,your checking account balance, your weight and so on.The exact(and exacting)numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem.But,in a historical sense,numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones.For the bulk of our species’approximately200,000-year lifespan,we had no means of precisely representing quantities.What’s more,the7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers.Speakers of anumeric,or numberless,languages offer a window into how the invention of numbers reshaped the human experience.In a2017book,I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers,and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones,from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing.Cultures without numbers,or with only one or two precise numbers,include the Munduruku and Pirahãin Amazonia.Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words.Without numbers,healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four.In an experiment,a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time,then remove them one by one.The person watchingis asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed.Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can,even if there are only four or five in total.This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion:When people do not have number words,they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me.While only a small portion of the world’s languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal.It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs they have dominated for centuries.As the child of missionaries,I spent some of my youth living with anumeric indigenous people,the aforementioned Pirahãwho live along the sinuous banks of the black Maici River.Like other outsiders,I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the riverine ecology we shared.Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination between quantities.Perhaps this should be unsurprising.After all,without counting,how can someone tell whether there are,say,seven or eight coconuts in a tree?Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes.This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies.Prior to being spoon-fed number words,children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three.We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities.In fact,acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takes children years.Initially,kids learn numbers much like they learn letters.They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially,but have little awareness of what each individual number means.With time,they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than the preceding number.This“successor principle”is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition,but requires extensive practice to understand.None of us,then,is really a“numbers person.”We are not predisposed to handle quantitative distinctions adroitly.In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers from infancy,we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions.Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxed into our cognitive experience by our parents,peers and school teachers.The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up,but it is not.Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age,but these instincts are very limited.For instance,even at birth we are capable of distinguishing between two markedly different quantities–for instance,eight from16things. But we are not the only species capable of such pared to chimps and other primates,our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume.We even share some basic instinctual quantitative reasoning with distant nonmammalian relatives like birds.Indeed,work with some other species,including parrots,suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.The birth of numbersSo,how did we ever invent“unnatural”numbers in the first place?The answer is,literally,at your fingertips.The bulk of the world’s languages use base-10,base-20or base-5number systems.That is,these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers.English is a base-10or decimal language, as evidenced by words like14(“four”+“10”)and31 (“three”x“10”+“one”).We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue,proto-Indo-European, was decimally based.Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because,as in so many cultures,our linguistic ancestors’hands served as the gateway to realizations like“five fingers on this hand is the same as five fingers on that hand.”Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passed down across generations.This is why the word“five”in many languages is derived from the word for“hand.”Most number systems,then,are the by-product of two key factors:the human capacity for language and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation–an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legs–has helped yield numbers in most cultures,but not all.Cultures without numbers also offer insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions.Consider what time it is.Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds,but these entities are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people.Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written vestiges of an uncommon base-60number system used in Mesopotamia millennia ago.They reside in our minds,numerical artifacts that not all humans inherit conceptually.Research on the language of numbers shows,more and more,that one of our species’key characteristics is tremendous linguistic and cognitive diversity.While there are undoubtedly cognitive commonalities across allhuman populations,our radically varied cultures foster profoundly different cognitive experiences.If we are to truly understand how much our cognitive lives differ cross-culturally,we must continually sound the depths of our species’linguistic diversity.答案Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem46.C)They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.47.A)By blending them with traditional,stimulating activities.48.B)By playing with things to solve problems on their Own.49.C)Encourage them to make things with hands.50.B)Develop students′creative skills with the resources available. Being an information technology,or IT,worker is not a job I envy.51.B)It does not appeal to him.52.C)Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.53.D)Employees become more confident in their work.54.D)Think about the possible effects on their employees.55.A)By designing systems that suit their needs.仔细阅读2-题源Sugar shocked.That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that,50years ago,the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that downplayed sugar's role in heart disease—and put the spotlight squarely on dietary fat.What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry.Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food."Roughly90%of nearly170studiesfavored the sponsor's interest,"Nestle tells us via email.Other,systematic reviews support her conclusions.For instance,studies funded by Welch Foods—the brand behind Welch's100% Grape Juice—found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function.Another,funded by Quaker Oats,concluded,as a Daily Mail story put it,that"hot oatmeal breakfast keeps you full for longer."While these examples might induce chuckles,the past year has seen several exposes that have raised serious concerns about the extent of industry's influence on food and nutrition research outcomes.Last year,The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding high-profile scientists and organizations promoting a message that,in the battle against weight gain,people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink.In the aftermath of that investigation,Coca-Cola released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between2010and2015,from the Academy of Family Physicians to the American Academy of Pediatrics.All told,Coca-Cola says it gave$132.8million toward scientific research and partnerships.And earlier this summer,the Associated Press released an investigation that looked at research funded by the National Confectioners Association,a trade group whose members include the makers of Tootsie Rolls,Hershey's kisses and Snickers bars.One study the group funded concluded that kids who eat candy tend to weigh less than those who don't.In an email to her co-author,the AP reported,one of the scientists behind that study wrote that the finding was"thin and clearly padded."Nonetheless,the paper was published in a journal called Food&Nutrition Research."It's definitely a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry,"says Bonnie Liebman,director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest,a nonprofit advocacy group."When the food industry pays for research,it often gets what it pays for."And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding.。

*注： 6月全国大学英语四级考试共有两套听力。

听力第一套Section ANews Report OneA message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1500 miles away and he’s been returned to his daughter. The long lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.The note inside the bottle said，"Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce，owners of the beach Comber motel.The motel was owned by the Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. She held up to her father's promise giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?News Report TwoMillions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insects spraying over the weekend left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester county South Carolina，where four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from Flower Town Bee farm，a company in Somerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it's been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester county officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees. Dorchester County is aware that some beekeepers in the area that was sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies. County manager Jason Ward said in a statement. “I'm not pleased that so many bees were killed.”3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?4. What does the news reports say about Flower Town Bee farm?News Report ThreeThe world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air having taken off from Coddington airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight it reached 3000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft is massive as long as a football field and as tall as 6 double decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long range spy aircraft，but was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and omitting less pollution. The makers believe it's the future of aircraft and one day we'll be using them to go places. But there's still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration if it passes though we can hope we'll all get some extra legroom.5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?6. What caused the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?7. What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?Section BConversation OneM：Do you feel like going out tonight？W：Yeah，why not，we haven’t been out for ages，what’s on? M：Well，there’s a film about climate change. Does it sound good to you?W：No，not really，it doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about?Just climate change?M：I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W：Well，it sounds really awful，it’s an important subject I agree. ButI am not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M：There’s a Spanish dance festival.W：Oh，I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M：Apparently，it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper. A leads an exciting production of the great Spanish love story Kamen.W：Ok，then. What time is it on?M：At 7:30.W：Well，that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there.Is there anything else?.There’s a comedy special on.W：Where’s it on?M：It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local the paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. It says here Roger Whitehead is an amazing host to a night of fun performances.W：Em.. I am not keen on him. He is not very funny.M：Are you sure your fancy going out tonight?You are not very enthusiastic.W：Perhaps you are right. Okay，let’s go to see the dance. But tomorrow，not tonight.M：Great，I’ll book the tickets online.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What does the women think of the climate change?9. Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?10. What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the city theater?11. What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?Conversation TwoW：Good morning Mr. Lee，May I have a minutes of your time?M：Sure Katherine，what can I do for you?W：I’m quiet anxious about transferring over to our college，I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M：don't worry Katherine，it’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools，this happens to many transfer students.W：Yes，I know，but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot.M：Well，you may be the only younger one in your year，but you know，we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in，and so，this way，you will be able to meet new friends of different age groups. W：That’s nice，I love games and hobby groups.M：I’m sure you do，so will be just fine，don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here，also，remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help.W：Thanks so much，I definitely feel better now，as a matter of fact，I’ve already contacted one of the girls who will be living in the same house with me，and she seemed really nice. I guess living on campus，I'll have a chance to have a close circle of friends，since we'll be living together.M：All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat. Okay. There are Hannah，Kelly，and Bree. Bree is also a new student here，like you，I’m sure you two ‘ll have more to share with each other.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why does Katherine feel anxious?13. What does Mr. Lee encourage Katherine to do?14. What does Mr. Lee promised to do for Katherine?15. What do we learn about Katherine’ schoolmate Bree?Section CPassage OneHave you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger?A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study，researchers found that hunger outweighed other physical drives，including fear，thirst and social needs.To determine which feeling won out，the researchers did a series of experiments. In one experiment，the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water，the mice went for the food，the researchers found. However，when the mice were well-fed but thirsty，they opted to drink，according to the study. In the second experiment meant to pit the mice's hunger against their fear，hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain "fox-scented" areas and other places that smelled safer (in other words，not like an animal that could eat them) but also had food. It turned out that，when the mice were hungry，they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed，they stayed in areas of the cage that were considered "safe." Hunger also outweighed the mice's social needs，the researchers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice，according to the study. When the mice were hungry，they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What is the researchers’ purpose in carrying out the serious experiment with mice?17. In what circumstances，do mice venture into unsafe areas?18. What is said about mice at the end of the passage?Passage TwoThe United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists?For an answer，you would have to go back to the early 1920s. In those years，just after World War I，the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could，if necessary，move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities in danger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated，but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944，Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system，but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s，the plan began to become a reality. Over $25 billion was appropriated by congress，and construction began on about 40,000 miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing expressways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier，defense was not forgotten. For instance，highway overpasses had to be high enough to allow trailers carryingmilitary missiles to pass under them. By 1974，this system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about the American highway system?20. What was the original purpose of building a highway system?21. When was the interstate highway system mostly completed?Passage ThreeTexting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in . A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone in a way that put people in danger. This sounds like a widespread disease but it's one that technology may now helped cure. T.J. Evarts，a 20- year-old inventor，has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It's called Smart Wheel，and it's designed to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’invention warns the drivers with the light and the sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only，but as soon as they place the other hand back on the wheel the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what's called “close by hands”，where both hands are close together near the top of the wheel so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parents who install Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’ driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover，that's reported as well.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?23. What is Smart Wheel?24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?25. How do parents keep track of their teens’ driving habits?参照答案：ABBCA CDADC BDCAD BACDB ABACB听力第二套参照答案：Section A1. B) Scared.2. D) It was covered with large scales.3. A) A Study of the fast-food service.4. C) Increased variety of products.5. C) US government’s approval of private space missions.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.7. B) It is promising.Section B8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage10. D)His phone is running out of power.11. C ) He collects things from different countries.12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.14. D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.Section C16. B) They often apply for a number of positions..A) Get better organized.18. D) Apply for more promising positions.19. B) If not forced to go to school，kids would be out in the streets.20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24 A) Their state of mind improved.25 B) It is life.阅读第一套Section A26. E) constructed27. O) undertaken28. F) consulted29. C) collection30. N) scale31. I) eventually32. K) necessarily33. L) production34. A) cheaper35. J) heightSection B36. K）A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally…37. D）“When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly(垄断)，a new way to lock students around this system,”…38. M）Harper，a poultry（家禽）science major，is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework…39. G）The access codes may be another financial headache for students，but for textbook businesses，they’re the future…40. B）The codes—which typically range in price from ＄80 to ＄155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson…41. L）Benjamin Wolverton，a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina，told BuzzFeed News that…42. H）A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “digital materials are less expensive and a good investment” that offer new features,…43. F）She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck，which was typically $150-$200，to pay for the code…44. J）David Hunt，an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University，which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments,…45. C）But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos(观念) of the textbook business，and are even harder for students to opt out of…Section CPassage One开头英语为：Losing your ability46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.答案出处：There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.答案出处：Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.答案出处：Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven，or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.49. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.答案出处：Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications，health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.答案出处：And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent by building up your brain's cognitive reserve.In other words，keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active，because exercise is a known brain booster.Passage Two文章开头是A letter51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?B) It was stolen more than once.答案出处：“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,”…. likely taken by an intern (实习生)”…“The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.答案出处：Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.53. What is Darwin's letter about?D) His acknowledgement for help from a professional.答案出处：The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist，Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden，for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?D) Make it available online.答案出处：After it is repaired，we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?B) Radical changes in archiving practices.答案出处：…“Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis，“and we keep our high value documents in a safe…”阅读第二套Section A26-30 M N C J F 31-35 K L B I E26. M) pollutants27. N) restricted28. C) consequence29. J) innovation30. F) detail31. K) intended32. L) outdoor33. B) collaborating34. I) inhabitants35. E) creatingSection BAs Tourists Crowd Out Locals，Venice Faces “Endangered” List36. E Just beyond St. Mark’s Square…37. J Earlier this year …38. G Venice’s deadline passed with …39. C Venice is one of…40. N Then it hits him…41. F For a time，UNESCO，…42. B “People are cheering and holding …”43. L The city’s current mayor，Luigi Brugnaro …44. D Laura Chigi，a grandmother at the march，…45. H But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote …Section CPassage one46. C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.47. A) Earn more money.48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.49. D) Their communication with others improved.50. A) Find financial support.Passage Two51. C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.52. B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.53. A) It was a mere piece of decoration.54. D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. A) She was used to carry troops.阅读第三套Section A26. C) cast27. L) replaced28. F) efficient29. J) professionals30. E) decorative31. G) electrified32. I) photographed33. B) approach34. K) quality35. H) identify长篇阅读n-American students have been eager participants…37.C.But instead of bringing families together…38.I.The issue of the stresses felt by students in elites school…39.E.The district has become increasingly popular with..40.B.With his letter…41.K.Not all public opinion…42.H.Jennifer Lee…43.D.About 10 minutes44.A.This fall…45.G.Both Asian-American and white families…Section C仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Senesa’s thinking is still applicable today.47. B) It is a teaching tool under development.48. C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.49. D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. B) Their emotional involvement.Passage Two51:D) They are beter educated than their counterparts.52 C ) They think it needs further improving.53. B) Job stability and flexibility.54. D) The balance between work and family.55. A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.翻译第一套：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中华人民共和国人来说是难以想象。

06月4级听力真题Section A11 What do we learn from the conversation?A：The woman is the manager's secretary.B：The man found himself in a wrong place.C：The man is the manager's business associate. D：The woman was putting up a sign on the wall. 答案：B12 What does the man mean?A：He needs more time for the report.B：He needs help to interpret the data.C：He is sorry not to have helped the woman. D：He does not have sufficient data to go on.答案：A13 What is the woman waiting for?A：A friend from New York.B：A message from Tony.C：A postal delivery.D：A change in the weather.答案：C14 What does the man imply about Pam?A：She is not available until the end of next week. B：She is not a reliable source of information. C：She does not like taking exams.D：She does not like psychology.答案：B15 What does the man mean?A：He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B：The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast.C：The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D：There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.答案：D16 What does the woman imply?A：Mary is not so easygoing as her.B：Mary and she have a lot in common.C：She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D：She does not believe what her neighbors said.答案：A17 Where does the conversation most probably take place? A：At an information service.B：At a car wash point.C：At a repair shop.D：At a dry cleaner's.答案：D18 What do we learn from the conversation?A：The woman came to the concert at the man's request. B：The man is already fed up with playing the piano.C：The piece of music the man played is very popular.D：The man's unique talents are the envy of many people.答案：C19 What does the man say about his working experience?A：He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school. B：He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years. C：He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago. D：He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.答案：B20 Why does the man want to leave his present job?A：He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B：He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C：He likes to work in a company close to home.D：He would rather get a less demanding job.答案：A21 What is the man interested in?A：Sports.B：Travel.C：Foreign languages.D：Computer games.答案：B22 What question did the man ask the woman？A：When he is supposed to start work.B：What responsibilities he would have.C：When he will be informed about his application.D：What career opportunities her company can offer.答案：C23 What do we learn about Lisa?A：She is pregnant.B：She is over 50.C：She has just finished her project.D：She is a good saleswoman.答案：A24 What do we learn about the man from the conversation? A：He takes good care of Lisa.B：He is the CEO of a giant company.C：He is good at business management.D：He works as a sales manager.答案：D25 What does the man say about his company?A：It is in urgent need of further development.B：It produces goods popular among local people.C：It has been losing market share in recent years.D：It is well positioned to compete with the giants.答案：ASection B26 What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington? A：It is lined with tall trees.B：It was widened recently.C：It has high buildings on both sides.D：It used to be dirty and disorderly.答案：D27 What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?A：They repaved it with rocks.B：They built public restrooms on it.C：They beautified it with plants.D：They set up cooking facilities near it.答案：C28 What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?A：What makes life enjoyable.B：How to work with tools.C：What a community means.D：How to improve health.答案：A29 Why do the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to complete? A：They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract.B：They were encouraged by the city officials' praise.C：They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys.D：They derived happiness from the constructive work.答案：D30 What does the survey on teenager reading show?A：The majority of them think it less important than computers.B：Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned.C：The majority of them find it interesting.D：Few of them read more than ten books a year.答案：C31 What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey? A：Novels and stories.B：Mysteries and detective stories.C：History and science books.D：Books on culture and tradition.答案：A32 What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week? A：Watching TV.B：Listening to music.C：Reading magazines.D：Playing computer games.答案：B33 What is the presentation mainly about?A：Advice on the purchase of cars.B：Information about the new green-fuel vehicles.C：Trends for the development of the motor car.D：Solutions to global fuel shortage.答案：C34 What used to restrict the use of electric vehicles?A：Limited driving range.B：The short life of batteries.C：Huge recharging expenses.D：The unaffordable high price.答案：A35 What does the speaker say about electric vehicles of today?A：They need to be further improved.B：They can easily switch to natural gas.C：They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy.D：They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety.答案：DSection CMy favorite TV show?“The Twilight Zone.”I ____ like the episode called “The Printer’s Devil.”It’s about a newspaper editor who’s being ____ out of business by a big newspaper syndicate- you know，a group of papers ____ by the same people.He is about to ____ suicide when he is interrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered 5,000 dollars to pay off his newspaper’s ____，but this Smith character also offers his ____ for free.It turns out that the guy ____ the printing machine with amazing speed，and soon he is turning out newspapers with ____ headlines.The small paper is successful again.The editor is amazed at how quickly Smith gets his stories -only minutes after they happen - but soon he is presented with a contract to sign. Mr. Smith，it seems，is really the devil！___________________________，so he agrees to sign.But soon Smith is reporting the news even before it happens - and it’s all terrible - one disasterafter another.___________________________.I really like these old episodes of the Twilight Zone，because the stories are fascinating.___________________________.36 ：especially37 ：driven38 ：owned39 ：commit40 ：debts41 ：services42 ：operates43 ：shocking44 ：The editor is frightened by this news，but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper45 ：Anyway，there is a little more to tell，but I don’t want to ruin the story for you46 ：They are not realistic. But then again，in a way they are，because they deal with human nature更多听力资源，android,iphone,ipad,网页，桌面版软件尽在：06月4级听力原文Section A11：W：What are you doing in here，Sir?Didn't you see the private sign over there?M：I'm sorry. I didn't notice it when I came in. I'm looking for the manager's office.12：W：Mike，what's the problem?You've known from month the report is due today.M：I know，but I'm afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected. 13：W：Excuse me，Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?M：Unfortunately，it's been delayed due to the bad weather.14：W：Pam said we won't have the psychology test until the end of next week.M：Ellen，you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything.15：W：Tom，would you please watch my suitcase for a minute?I need to go make a quick phone call.M：Yeah，sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another twenty minutes.16：M：Frankly，Mary is not what I'd called easy-going.W：I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she's my twin sister.17：M：How soon do you think this can be cleaned?W：We have same day service，sir. You can pick up your suit after five o'clock.18：W：I really enjoy that piece you just play on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it. M：You said it. People just can't get enough of it.19：W：Good afternoon，Mr. Jones. I am Teresa Chen，and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today?M：I am fine，thank you. And you，Miss Chen?W：Good，Thanks. Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?M：Well，for several years，I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit，Michigan.M：Now I work part time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.W：Oh，how interesting. Tell me，why do you want to leave your present job?M：I’ll finish school in a few months，and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility. W：And why would you like to work for our company?M：Because I know your company’s work and I like it.W：Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M：Of course，I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish.M：I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W：Can you give me any references?M：Yes，certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw，my boss，at the Brownstone Company.M：I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers.W：All right，Mr. Jones，and would you like to ask me any questions?M：Yes，I wonder when I’ll be informed about my application for the job.W：Well，we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M：Thank you.20：21：22：23：M：Lisa，Lisa！Over here，darling！It's wonderful to see you. Oh，Lisa，you look marvelous.W：Oh，Paul，you look tired. Two months away in the capital?W：Paul，I think you've been working too hard.M：I'm fine. The city is very hot this time of the year. It's good to get back to some fresh air. M：You know，Lisa，what they say about pregnant women really is true.W：What's that Paul?M：They say they look beautiful.W：Well，I had a lot of tension while you've been studying hard on your course in D.C.W：Oh，don't worry，all from a man over 50.W：Father has told all his business friends the good news about the baby. And the phone hasn't stopped ringing.M：Oh，look，darling. There's a taxi.W：Paul，tell me about the special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it！M：You know，I've learned a lot from the project. I'm surprised that was still in business.W：That's because we have a wonderful sales manager ――you.M：Thanks. But that's not the problem at all. Lisa，our little company，and it is little compared to the giants in the city.M：Our little company's in danger. We are out of date. We need to expand. If we don't，we will be swallowed up by one of the giants.24：25：Section B26：Farmington，Utah，is a more pleasant community since a local girls' 4-H club improved Main Street.Six 4-H girls worked to clean the 72 foot curbside that was covered with weeds，rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig in plot，five flats of flowers.They also took terms in watering，weeding and maintaining the plot.Participation in this project helped the girls developed a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes；they've learned how to work with tools，and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project，she would not even pourThe experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement，and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and the total community.City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees，building cooking facilities，pick-me tables，swings and public rest rooms.The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth.The total park project needed more plantings in the following years.Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion，because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work.The project is a growing one and is spread from the park to the school and the shopping center. Trees and flowers have all been planted in the shopping center，making the atmosphere pleasant.27：28：29：30：According to a survey on reading conducted in by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA)，young Americans say reading is important，more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18 years old interviewed say they enjoy reading a lot.79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing.About 68% of those surveyed disagreed with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned. Over half teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year.The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers.Over 66% of teens like to read fiction，such as novels and stories.Only 26% are interested in non-fiction，such history books.64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age. That's a favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53%.Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition.Of the teenagers who participated in the survey，49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books.However，many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines.Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading，they still have other interests.When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week，48% said listening to music.TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.31：32：33：Thank you for coming，everyone.Today’s presentation will show how we see the development of the motor car in the short to medium term，and that is why we have invited all of you here today.Let’s start with power. It’s clear that petrol-driven engines have no future.Already there are many alternative fuel vehicles on the market，powered by anything from solar power to natural gas.Some independent thinkers have even produced cars that run on vegetable oil.But as we all know，of all these alternative fuel vehicles，the most practical are electric vehicles. Sure，in the past electric vehicles have their problems，namely，a limited driving range，and very few recharging points，which limited their use.Now，however，recent developments in electric vehicle technology mean they can match conventional petrol engines in terms of performance and safety.Let’s not forget that electric vehicles are cleaner. Plus，importantly，the power source is rechargeable，so this does not involve using any valuable resources.Moving on to communications，very soon，cars will be linked to GPS satellites，so they’ll do all the driving for you.What controls remain for the users will be audio-based，so，for example，you’ll just have to say “a bit warmer”，and the air conditioning will adjust automatically.You’ll also be able to receive email，music and movies，all via an internet link.So just type in the destination you want，sit back，sleep，watch your movie，whatever.34：35：Section CMy favorite TV show?“The Twilight Zone.”I especially like the episode called “The Printer’s Devil.”It’s about a newspaper editor who’s being driven out of business by a big newspaper syndicate―you know，a group of papers owned by the same people.He is about to commit suicide when he is interrupted by an old man who says his name is Smith. The editor is not only offered 5,000 dollars to pay off his newspaper’s debts，but this Smith character also offers his services for free.It turns out that the guy operates the printing machine with amazing speed，and soon he is turning out newspapers with shocking headlines.The small paper is successful again.The editor is amazed at how quickly Smith gets his stories -only minutes after they happen - but soon he is presented with a contract to sign. Mr. Smith，itseems，is really the devil！The editor is frightened by this news，but he is more frightened by the idea of losing his newspaper，so he agrees to sign.But soon Smith is reporting the news even before it happens - and it’s all terrible - one disaster after another.Anyway，there is a little more to tell，but I don’t want to ruin the story for you.I really like these old episodes of the Twilight Zone，because the stories are fascinating.They are not realistic. But then again，in a way they are，because they deal with human nature.。

2021年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案（第三套）目录2021年6月大学英语四级真题试题三(完整版) ................................................................. .............................................. 1 答案 .................................................................. ..................................................................... (16)2021年6月大学英语四级真题试题三(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part 1 Writing〔30 minutes〕请于正式开考后半小时内完成该局部,之后将进行听力测试.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.【范文】Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraised bythe elderly there.Upon the students ' arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors ' eyes when the young studentspresented them with well-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “we make a living by what we get, but we makea life by what we give. " The visit not only enriches the seniors ' daily life, but also provides theyouth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents. By Aria, school newspaper 【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的水平,四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高.今年考查了新闻报道这一新的文章体裁,这也就意味着出题人更增强调学生把考场作文和真实生活中的写作联系在一起,对于学生观察生活的水平提出了更高的要求一一注意到新闻的格式和内容安排的特点.一方面,新闻报道需要写出标题和落款, 标题注意简洁明了,落款既要写出人名还要根据新闻报道的格式写出by sb.,最后还要写出所在的新闻机构.另一方面,在内容上,分三段进行写作,第一段写导语,点明事件的根本情况〔时间、地点、事件、人物、目的或意义〕;第二段写经过〔一般根据时间顺序进行书写,同时可以对其中一个小事进行特写,中间还可以穿插人物采访〕;第三段写对这一事件,人物的看法、想法和观点.在体裁上虽然不同于以往四级命题的规律, 但是万变不离其宗的是仍然把学生对英语语言水平的运用水平作为考查重点.综观近五年的四级写作命题趋势,无论是要说明理由、解释原因、说明影响,第一段的功能始终都是引入,这跟新闻报道的第一段写导语是一致的,所以考生可以结合以往作文的行文思路作为切入点书写新闻报道.第二段是浓墨重彩的一段,而新闻报道与普通作文的区别是更侧重事实,所以要求考生在书写的时候只需要客观写出事情的起因、经过、结果即可.第三段无论是以往的作文还是新闻报道,都需要给出总结〔对事件的看法和观点〕,在新闻报道的结尾段作出对事件的评价和写出所的感悟就可以了.今年考查的话题是养老院、农场和当地小学,与考生的生活比拟贴近,在写作时,列举的例子应较为典型,这样阅卷老师很容明白考生文中所描述的内容.同时,考生对这个例子也应很熟悉,能够熟练运用一些有关的词或短语,这样下笔时才会有话可说,从而将相关的背景知识与正确的语言表达有效地结合起来.这些话题与大学生的生活息息相关.这些话题对于考生而言都会有话可说,并且能够提出一定的看法和观点.Part 2 Listening Comprehension〔25 minutes〕本次四级听力难度适中,就听力文本的主题而言,难度略有下降.由于今年这套听力的内容和大学生生活较为贴近,主题以校园,生活类为主,没有难度较大的政治,经济,科技,科普之类的主题,因而,对听力较好的同学而言,应该会感受到比往年题目听到的生词少.但题目设置上的难度并没有降低〔没有题目,红色字体为猜想出题点〕.由于目前还没有试卷选项,单就原文和出题位置来看,出题位置符合“头尾重点〞“逻辑〞处等考点,考生在应试时假设把握好这这些内容,应能较快反响出对应的答案.Section ANews report 1此篇新闻是关于一个从旧金山游到Alktrask岛屿的9岁男孩,首发于2021年1月美联社的报道.这属于社会新闻,是新闻中听懂难度较低的一种.但这篇新闻存在较多地点专有名词,可能会对考生在听力中造成影响.1 .新闻主旨题.重点听开头前两句. 2.新闻细节题.A 9-year-old central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Islandand back. A California television station Enfresno, reported Tuesday that Jim Savage, set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the fourth grade student from Losbanios broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy. Jim said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim, made him want to give up. His father said, he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward.To encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to 200 dollars. James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What did the boy from central California do according to report?2. What did the father do to encourage his son?News report 2这篇新闻讲述了大家比拟熟悉的事件, 关于我国将取消晚婚假. 内容生词较少,对于考生听懂的难度应该不高.1 .考察新闻中“原因〞要素.由于是此篇新闻的第一题,考点句仍然落在头两句.2 .结尾处+转折处考点.On the first January , new regulations were coming to a fact which eliminated an annual leave bonus for people who put off marriage until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports. The holiday bonus was to design to encourage young people to delay getting married, in lines with China ' s one -child policy, but with the policy now been abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer necessary.The government says. In shanghai, the young couple at the registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy. Because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced. Rather than the usual number, often between 70 and 80, but one lawyer tell the paper the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and this procedures take time, so people who are rushing for a marriage can relax.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China?4. What do we learn about the new regulations?New report 3这篇新闻新西兰两个女佣创业,专门负责清理家庭聚会后的残局.1 .主旨题..考点句位于开头处.3.结尾考点.Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning up in the next morning isn ' t as enjoyable. Now however, a New Zealand based startup company aims to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal. The properly named startup Morning After Maids, was launched about 1 month ago in Auckland by room-maids Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers. Aside from cleaning up, the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully employed, they did cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends which is when their service is in most demand anyway.Besides being flatted with request from across the country, Folly and Ashers have also received request from the US and Canada to provide the services there, they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward, Question 5 — 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. what is the news report mainly about?6. what is the common problem of the house party?7. what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do?Long Conversation 1长对话这篇长对话生活类题材,话题也是大家非常熟悉的考驾照. 是两人就男生的驾考进行对话, 男生是对话的核心,答复女生的问题.1 .细节题.答案在对话开头处. 2.细节题.3.细节题.4.细节题.W: Carl, how did your driver ' s theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?M: Yes, I ' ve prepared as much as I could. But I was so nervous since it was my second trial. The people who worked atthe test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result. But I was afraid to open it until I was outside. I was such a relief that I passed.W: Congratulations! I knew you could do it. I think you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn ' t you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared. But good job in passing the second time. I ' m so proud of you. Now, all you have to do next is your r oad test. Have you had any lessons yet?M: Yes, thanks. I ' m so happy to be actually on the road now. I ' ve only had two driving lessons so far, and my instructor is very understanding. So,I ' m really enjoying it. I can ' t wait for my nextsession. Although th e lessons are rather expensive. 20 pounds an hour, and the instructor says I ' llneed above 30—40 lessons in total, that ' s what? 6—8 hundred pounds. So, this time, I ' ll need to make a lot more effort, and hopefully, I 'll be successful the first time.W: Well, good luck.Questions 8 —11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What did the man do yesterday?9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?11. What does the man hope to do next?Long Conversation 2这篇对话是校园场景类的对话,出现了很多往年校园场景类对话中出现过的词汇.对话内容是两个学生在讨论他们的学习和毕业后的工作.开头题,考点句就在第一轮对话的问句里. 细节题,这轮对话是女生提问,男生答复,重点听男生说话,不难发现only 所在的句子.细节题.和第二题同一轮对话,所以重点仍然是男生说自己,或者女生说对方的内容.最后一轮对话是男生提问,所以重点听女生.关注but转折后的内容.M: Emma,I ' ve got accepted to the university of Leads. Since you' re going to university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students, you ' ll have to pay around 13,000pounds a year, it ' s just a bit more th an the local students.M: OK, that ' s about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway, I ' m only going to be therefor a year, doing my masters. So it ' s pretty good. If I stayed in the ., it ' d take 2 years, and costat least 50,000 dollars in tuition alone. Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads, which would be pretty awesome, the benefit of being a music genius.W: Yeah, I heard you are a talented piano player. So you are doing a post- graduate degree now? I ' m still in my last yea r, graduating next June. Finally, I ' ll be done with my studies, and could go onto earning lots of money.M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money at that job then.W: You d be surprised, I' m still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at an international school overseas, after I get a year or so experience in England. It ' s better paid, and I get to travel,which reminds me I ' m late for my class, and I ' ve got some documents I need to print out first. I ' vegot to run.Questions 12 —15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What does the man want to know?13. What is the man going to do?14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university?15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?Passage 1短文第一篇是说明介绍性的文章,介绍了蚂蚁,着重介绍了对于人类房屋有危害的蚂蚁品种.文章主旨题,答案出现在听力开篇处.第二题的出现位置较后,需要考生保持耐心.听到“ in addition 〞的时候紧张起来,就能听到答案句最后一道题往往出在结尾处.反复出现的信息.原文：Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world. And only a few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the woods, or out in nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground. A very small percentage of antsdo harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control. They are small enough to easily slipinside your house. Live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in, and hard to kick out. Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to barging ants, other species can cause differentkinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with the electrical units.Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because it provides everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter. So, how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. Wealso need to clean up spills as soon as they occur, and store food in air-tight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible. And store your outside garbage in a lidded can, while away from doors and windows.Questions 16 —18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. What does the passage say about ants?17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?Passage 2短文第2篇是一篇自述,介绍了“我〞在老年保健领域的研究工作.体裁接近下午六级section C.文章主旨题,答案出现在听力开篇处,第一句话直接出答案,在开头走神的考生很容易失去第一道题的答案.细节题.细节题,和第2题的位置很接近.但通过反复听到的“ old〞和“ health ",不难找到答案.原文：My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as we get older, it's easier for us to get affections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill.This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age. In most of our work, when we were looking at older adults who ' ve got an illness, we always have to have health controls.So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand Elders, these volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good health. They come to the university to provide us with blood samples to be interviewed and to help us to carry out a whole range of research. The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment, we are living much longer. Life expectancy is increasingat 2 years for every decade, that means an extra 5 hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age, and that they are not spending time in hospital with infection.Felling unwell and being generally weak we want people to be healthy even when they are old.Questions 19 —21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the focus of the speaker ' s research?20. What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research?21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?Passage 3短文第3篇是记叙文,人物故事题.介绍了一个老师在小学教授国际象棋的事, 也介绍了这所小学的教学特点.介绍学校和人物故事是四级短文出现很屡次的类型.1 .第一题答案仍然出现在听力开篇处,第一句话直接出答案. 2.细节题.3.细节题4.细节题.When Ted Komada started teachi ng 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary, he didn ' t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students, he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get together to play chess. "I know how to play chess, let me go a nd show these kids how to do it, " he said. Now, Komada coaches the school ' s chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school. And this week, dozens of those students are getting readyto head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of Chess. The competition only happens every four years, and the last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation. KomadasaysChess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest number of kids from low-income families. Police frequent the area day and night. As 2 months ago, a young man was shot just down the street. Komadalikes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons proved valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.Questions 22 —25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary?23. What are dozens of students from Komada ' s school going to do this week?24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?25. What have the students learned from Komada?Part in Reading Comprehension 〔40 minutes〕Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs 〔暗礁〕perfect for scuba driving 〔水肺式潜泳〕and preserving marine 26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different thana ship, and it wo uldn ' t normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed -out A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today/ Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area.The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane ' s 31 . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US$100,000,but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go,this Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will makepeople think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver ' s paradise〔天A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior G) habitats H) innovate I)intentionallyJ)investment K)revealing L)stretchesM)stripped N)territory O)victim答案：26. G 27. M 28. A 29. L 32. J 33. O 34. I 35. E【答案解析】26. 根据空格位置,marine此处形容词,可判断出26题应为名词.marine的意思是“海生的,海运的〞固定搭配"marine habitat "海洋栖息地.所以此题答案为"G' habitat "栖息地".27. 根据空格位置,词性应该为动词的被动态.本篇文章对A300持有肯定态度,所以此句想表达“ A300'对环境没有任何潜在的害处,故答案应为«MT , "be stripped of 〞意为“剥夺〞.28. 此题空格前有“ will 〞,所以此处应填动词原形.选项中动词原形有“A〞和"H',根据句意得知,漂浮的飞机可以让人工珊瑚长的更好.所以此题答案为“A",create "创造,产生〞.29. 此处应填动词原形, 主语为“plane〞,故谓语动词应为单三形式. 所以答案是“ L",stretches 意为“延伸〞,此处指“飞机机身总长为54米〞.30. 此处应填副词,用来修饰后面的"be able to venture ",答案应锁定在"C eventually 和“L" intentionally .这句话的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险.应选项" C eventually “最终地〞,更符合句意.31. 此处应填名词形式,由于空格前为“ plane' s〞.名词选项有“ F〞和" N'.空格处前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险, 所以后半句应该为他们也可以在船舱外面冒险. 故答案为“ F" exterior "外部,外表〞.32. 由于空格前为“on that 〞 ...所以此处应为名词.本句话的大意是：买这架飞机花了很多钱,所以他们希望通过旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报.所以答案为“ J" investment “投资〞.33. 此处应填名词形式.空格后的内容为“严重的致命恐怖袭击〞, 所以空格处应为victim “受害者〞.故答案为“O'.34. 此处应为副词形式.由于副词修饰形容词" largest 〞.副词只剩“ I " intentionally 有目的性地,成心地,修〔^后面sunk,所以此题答案为“ I〞.35. 此题应为形式,与and 前的"taking a trip underwater〞保持并歹U. " E" exploring 和"K' revealing 都是形式.根据本句句意," E" exploring “探索〞更符合句意.本句话的意思是“水下旅行和探索漂浮的A300 的内部都会是一场冒险〞.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with 〔续处理〕the emails that have inevitably still piledup.[B] Whyshould flying deplete us? We re just sitting there doing nothing. Whycan' t we be tougher, more resilient 〔有复原力的〕and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough" approach to resilience and determination like a Marinepulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recoveryand increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery —whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones —is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn ' t mean we are recovering. We “stop" work sometimes a t5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we ' ll do tomorrow. In a study just released,researchers from Norway found that % of Norwegians have become workaholics〔工作狂〕.The scientists citea definition of “workaholism " as "being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and invest ing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas. 〞[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the . Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. Whenan exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting every one on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn ' t have thecognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we ' re young onlymagnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to "try hard" requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you ' ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading thishas had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That ' s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.[J] If you ' re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate interna l and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2021 paper: a Internal recoveryrefers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work -. in thefree time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations. " If after work you liearound on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automaticairplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends —not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we ' ve started using our plane time as a work -free zone, and thus time to dip intothe recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we geton a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adeq uate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one ' s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People ' s distorted view about resilienc e may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：答案：37. J 38. L 39. A 40. E 41. K 42. I 44. G 45. C36 .答案：D.题干中inadequate recovery 替换原文D段中的lack of a recovery .37 . 答案：J.题干中relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is 替换原文J 段中第二句白the mental or physical resources required .38 .答案：L.题干中increases one' s work efficiency 替换原文L 段最后一句中的raises your productivity39 .答案：A.题干中has a hectic time before taking a flight. 替换原文A段第三句中的Then, when wetry to have that amazing work session in flight .40 . 答案：E.题干中Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working. 替换原文 E 段第——句的And just because work stops, it doesn ' t mean we are recovering .41 .答案：K.题干中technology be used to prevent people from overworking 替换原文K 段第二句中的by using technology to control overworking .42 .答案：I 题干中rest does not equal recovery 替换原文I 段中最后一句That' s because rest and recovery are not the same thing .43 .答案：B.题干中problem results from a misunderstanding 替换原文B段最后一句中的the problem comes from a misconception .44 .答案：G题干中developed from their upbringing 替换原文G段中第一句的often bred from an earlyage45 .答案：C题干中People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.替换原文C段第二句中的We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be .Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions unfinished statements. Foreach of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding .......................................................Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestion 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on t he walls. But it might be time training - this summer, a group of cultureaddicts, artists and community organization ….NewYorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor ' s Island.The project is called Writing On it All, and it ' s a participatory writing project •••.. that hashappened on Governor ' s Island every summer since 2021.“Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island•••..,or they justkind of happen to be there, " Alexandra Chasin , artistic director .... tells .The 2021 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by ••• ..to domestic workers .Each session has a theme, and participants are give •••.and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. • •• .range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one .... of exile.••• ..vernor ' s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for ••• .own as “New York' sshared space for art and play, " the island , ...... and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay ,is closed to c arsbut open to • for festivals, picnics, adventures, as well as these“legal graffiti(涂鸦) ... notes and art scribbled ( 涂画)on the walls are an experiment in self- ..... have ranged in age from 2 to Chasinsays the focus of ••• .activity of writing, rather than the t ext that ends up getting written, some of thework that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.“One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black womenan d black girls, " says Chasin, explainingthat in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it. "people do beautiful work and leave beautifulmessages. 〞46. what does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?A) Unlearn their training in drawing.B) Participate in a state graffiti show.。