(完整word版)高中状语从句讲解(经典打印版)
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状语从句的讲解就是用一句话作状语分为:时间,地点,方式,原因,结果,条件,让步,目的,比较一、时间状语从句第一次见到你一见到你我就喜欢上了你直到见到你五岁时见到你When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as no sooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when… the minute the second the instant the moment by the time 截止 immediately instantly directlyeach time every time next time the first time on doing sthwhenwhile 当…时as1。
when 1)当…时/ 延续性动词短暂性动词都可用2)这时/3)届时、到时I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang这时When I was five years old I could speak five languagesThe wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected to arrive届时到时注意:时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时When my mother came back I had already gone to bed.2。
while 1)从句动词延续性2)同时发生3)对比的意味“然而”4)趁着He taught himself while he worked in a bank 延续性动词当他在银行上班时While we were working they were having a rest.对比While they were having a discussion , they got very confused。
语法专题复习(四)状语从句讲解状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。
尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难。
状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。
现分别列举如下: 1.I fell asleep when he was doing his exercises .他正作练习时我睡着了。
(时间状语从句)3.She always singsa s she walks . 她总是一边走一边唱。
(时间状语从句)4.I waited until he had finished his work . 我等到他做完活。
(时间状语从句)5.It was not long before he told me about this affair . 不久,他就告诉我这件事。
(时间状语从句)6.He has worked very hards ince he entered the factory 自从他进厂,工作一直很努力。
(时间状语从句)1.时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the ins tant, immediately , directly, no sooner ⋯than, hardly ⋯when, scarcely ⋯wh en2.地点状语从句常用引导词:where 特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere3.原因状语从句常用引导词:because, since, as, since特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, conside ring that,4.目的状语从句常用引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that5.结果状语从句常用引导词:so ⋯that, such ⋯that,特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,6.条件状语从句常用引导词:if, unless, 特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in ca se that, on condition that7.让步状语从句常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词:as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首),n o matter ⋯,in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, wh enever, however, whichever8.比较状语从句常用引导as (同级比较 ), than (不同程度的比较 )特殊引导the more ⋯ the more ⋯ ; just as ⋯, so ⋯; A isas X is to; no ⋯ more than; not A so much as Bas ⋯asMary is as old as my sister.连词表示同程度级的比比玛利和我姐姐一样大。
(完整版)状语从句知识点大全状语从句是一个句子做另一个句子的状语,用于描述、限制、补充或解释主句的动作或状态。
在英语语法中,状语从句非常常见且广泛应用。
以下是状语从句的一些常见知识点:1. 时间状语从句(Time Adverbial Clauses):用来表示时间,常用的引导词有when, while, as, before, after, until, since等。
例如:I will call you when I arrive home.翻译:我到家时会打电话给你。
2. 地点状语从句(Place Adverbial Clauses):用来表示地点,常用的引导词有where, wherever等。
例如:She can't find her keys anywhere.翻译:她无论到哪儿都找不到她的钥匙。
3. 原因状语从句(Cause Adverbial Clauses):用来表示原因,常用的引导词有because, since, as, for等。
例如:I didn't go to the party because I was tired.翻译:因为我累了,所以我没有去参加聚会。
4. 结果状语从句(Result Adverbial Clauses):用来表示结果,常用的引导词有so, therefore, thus等。
例如:He studied hard, so he passed the exam.翻译:他努力研究,所以他通过了考试。
5. 条件状语从句(Condition Adverbial Clauses):用来表示条件,常用的引导词有if, unless, provided that等。
例如:If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.翻译:如果明天下雨,我们不会去公园。
6. 目的状语从句(Purpose Adverbial Clauses):用来表示目的,常用的引导词有so that, in order that等。
WORD格式可编辑状语从句(一)状从句概述定状从句用作状,是起副作用的句子。
位置状从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,、条件、原因和步状从句放在句首需要用逗号和主句隔开。
分根据其作用可以分、地点、原因、条件、目的、步、方式和比等状从句。
作用它可以修、非、定、状和整个句子。
(二)状从句解1.状从句引用法when意“当⋯的候”。
When引从句的可以是延性,也可以是瞬。
并且 when有表示“就在那”while 意“在⋯的候,在⋯的同”。
While 引从句的必是延性的,生,并主句和从句的作同生(或者相)。
While有可以表示比。
as 意“一⋯一⋯”。
As引的作是延性的,生短,一般用于示例A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 者真也没有人相信。
Whenhe arrives, I ’ll call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had主句和从句作同invaded his “space”.生;as 也可以一前一He smiled as he stood up.后。
after 意“在⋯之后”。
表示主With many hungry visitors 句作生在从句作之waiting, don’t stay too后。
主句与从句的作long at your table after you关系与 before 引的have finished.从句相反。
完整版)高中状语从句归纳状语从句是在句子中做状语的,包括时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
时间状语从句可以由when、as、while、until、not…until、before、after、since、the minute、the moment、each (every。
next。
the first) time等引导。
在时间状语从句中,一般使用一般现在时或一般过去时来表达。
1.时间状语从句引导词当句子中有时间状语从句时,可以用when、as、while、until、not…until、before、after、since、the minute、the moment、each (every。
next。
the first) time等来引导。
这些引导词在句子中的使用有不同的侧重点和用法。
1.1 when当我们用when引导时间状语从句时,它的主语和主句的主语相同。
如果从句的谓语动词是be动词,那么从句的主语和be可以省略。
例如:When I arrived home。
I had a little rest.1.2 asas不仅可以表示“当。
的时候”,还可以表示“一面。
一面”和“随着”的意思。
例如:XXX(一面。
一面)You will XXX(随着)1.3 whileXXX表示“当。
的时候”,强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。
从句一般使用进行时,动词必须是延续性动词。
例如:While we were working。
they were having a rest.While they were having a n。
they got very confused.注意:while也有对比的含义,可以解释为“然而”。
例如:XXX。
XXX.2.until和not。
untiluntil和not。
until都表示“直到。
才”。
在肯定句中,主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中,主句常用短暂性动词。
高考英语状语从句练习与讲解状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语,又叫副词性从句。
状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句。
掌握状语从句应当引导词入手,注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。
引导词按意义分为九类:1)时间when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since2)地点where3)原因because , as , since , now that4)条件if , unless , once .so (as)long as . in case5)让步though , whatever (--ever) as, even though, even if6)目的so that, in order that7)结果so ... that8)比较than, as .. as9)方式as , as if1.I fell asleep when ( as , while ) he was doing his exercises .他正作练习时我睡着了。
(时间状语从句)2.When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station .他到上海时,他妈妈到车站接他。
(时间状语从句)3.She always sings as she walks .她总是一边走一边唱。
(时间状语从句)4.I waited until he had finished his work .我等到他做完活。
(时间状语从句)5.It was not long before he told me about this affair .不久,他就告诉我这件事。
(时间状语从句)6.He has worked very hard since he entered the factory 自从他进厂,工作一直很努力。
状语从句分类:when (当 .. 的时候)before (在 .. 之前)as soon as (一.. 就.while (在... 期间)since (自从... 以来))after (在 .... 之后)as (当……的时候,一边……一边……)till/until (直到)hardly …when…(刚就)not …till/until (直至U 才)no sooner …than ••刚就no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever(不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时)比较状语从句:as (正如) as …as (和- ... 一样)not as/so…as (不如… …)than (比… …更)the+比较级 …+the+比较级 (越……越……)条件状语从句:if (假设) unless (如果不) so long as (只要)on condition that (如果)方式状语从句: as (像 ... 那样地) just as (正像)as if (好像)as though(好像)各种状语从句的简化方法:1.以after 和before 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于after/before+doing sth.作状语。
例 After she sang , she left the rich man's house . = After singing , she left the rich man's house .2.以as soon as 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于 on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为 非延续性动词。
例: Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village .=Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village .3. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时,有时可简化为不定式作状语。
从句名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句( NounClauses )。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,所以依据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句往常由附属连词that ,whether ,if和连结代词 what,who,which ,whatever , whoever 以及连结副词 how,when,where,why等词指引。
that在句中无词义,只起连结作用;连结代词和连结副词在句中既保存自己的疑问含义、又起连结作用,在从句中充任从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
假如 what- 分句自己显然表示复数意义,比方 what 分句的动词和补语都是复数,那么主句动词也可用复数。
如: What I say and think are none of your business.(我说的和我想的都与你没关。
) 注意:当 what 指引的名词性分句作主语时,主谓一致问题极为复杂。
有名学者周海中教授在论文《对于what- 分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究,并给出了10 种的主谓一致关系。
这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。
有时为防止句子虎头蛇尾,常用形式主语 it 取代主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型以下:⑴It + be +名词+ that从句⑵It + be +形容词+ that从句⑶I t + be + 动词的过去分词 + that 从句⑷It + 不及物动词 + that从句另注意在主语从句顶用来表示诧异、不相信、痛惜、理应这样等语气时,谓语动词要用虚构语气“( should) +do ”,常用的句型有:It is necessary (important, natural,strange, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
状语从句1. 时间状语从句(1) when引导的时间状语从句①when引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。
when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.当你申请工作时,你必须递交你的有关证件。
(同时)when the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they a ll adopted talking.当学生们听到老师的脚步声时,他们都停止了讲话。
(从句动作发生在前)② when还可表示just then(正在那时)的意思,此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。
we were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身,突然天下起雨来。
The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。
(2) as引导的时间状语从句as侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边,一边。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。
(3) while引导的时间状语从句while或“在……期间”,所引导的从句的动作是延续性的,并表示和主句的动作同时发生。
When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用英语解释课文时,学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。
I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。
(4) before引导的时间状语从句① before“在……之前”I’ll be back before you have left.你离开之前我就会回来。
② before“……之后才”It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。
It was three days before I came back. 他三天后才回来。
(5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句as soon as 是最常见的表示“一……就”的从属连词,其他连词还有immediately,instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the moment(that)等,它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家,电话就响了。
I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。
Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来,大家就静了下来。
(6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导的时间状语从句关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚……就”,它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
如:He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到家,就又要他出另一次差。
No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.这些话刚一出口,他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。
(7) since引导的时间状语从句在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时,主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时:We’ve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走了以后,这里发生了巨大变化。
(8) till/until引导的时间状语从句till和until同义,作“直到……时(为止)”解,till多口语话,until多用于句首。
如:Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course.唐纳德将留在学校直到完成他的博士学位课程。
I won’t go with you until(till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
2. 地点状语从句(1) where引导的地点状语从句,很简单,最基础的。
从属连词where“在(或到)……的地方”Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。
① where 在地点状语从句中,除指地点外,还可指处境等。
就看句子翻译了。
如:He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。
It’s your fault that she is where she is.她今天落到这个地步都怪你。
(2) wherever引导的地点状语从句wherever=no matter where,后者只能放句首。
从属连词wherever“在(或到)……的各个地方”:You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。
Where (no matter where) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed.专家每到一处,都受到热烈的欢迎。
Sit down wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿就坐哪儿wherever不可以换成no matter where3. 原因状语从句(1) because引导的原因状语从句通常用于回答why引出的疑问句,语气最强,该从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abrord with her because I couldn’t afford it.我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。
Don’t scamp your work because you are pressed for time.不要因为时间仓促而马马虎虎。
(2) as引导的原因状语从句as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和since换用。
如:As I didn’t know the way,I asked a policeman. 我不认识路,因而问警察。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain. 由于在下雪,我们不去爬山了。
(3) since引导的原因状语从句since引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和as换用。
与as用法一样Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane. 既然乘飞机旅行快得多,他们就决定坐飞机。
Since you won’t help me ,I’ll ask someone else. 你既然不帮我,那我就请别人帮忙。
(4) now(that)引导的原因状语从句now(that)“既然”,Now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own. 你既已考试合格,就可以独自开车了。
(5) seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句Seeing (t hat)“鉴于;由于”,通常用于非正式文体。
如:Seeing (that) the weather is bad,we’ll stay at home. 天气不好,我们还是呆在家里吧。
4. 目的状语从句(1) in order that引导的目的状语从句in order that“为了;以便”。
多用于正式文体,通常可以与so that换用。
如:You stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake.他们在杭州停了下来,以便游览西湖。
The expert spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand.专家讲得很慢,以便人人听得懂。
(2) so (that)引导的目的状语从句so that“为了;以便”。
so that通常可以与in order that换用,它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后,在非正式文体中,常省略that。
如:Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚,他们才听得懂。
She wanted tea ready at seven so she could be out by eight.她要七点钟备好茶点,这样她八点以前就可以出门了。
(3) in case/for fear (that)等引导的目的状语从句in case,for fear(that)这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的,意思是“以免”,“以防”。
in case它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式,也可以是虚拟语气形式;for fear(that)引导的从句中的谓语带有may,might,should等情态动词Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带上你的伞,以防下雨。
He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 他带了一把伞,以防下雨。
1. 结果状语从句(1) so that引导的结果状语从句① so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后,so that”引导什么从句根据句意来判断Suddenly it began to rain heavily,so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.突然下起了大雨,几乎无法继续开车。