新概念英语109课讲义
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新概念英语第一册Lesson109课件(共44张PPT)(共44张PPT)What are the people talking aboutWhat are the people talking aboutThey are talking about coffee.What does Jane have with her coffeeWhat does Jane have with her coffeeJane has a biscuit with her coffee.n. 主意What a good idea! 多好的主意啊!idea [a d ]英文习语:①have no idea丝毫不知道What's she talking about 她在讲什么?I have no idea. 我一点也不了解。
n. 主意What a good idea! 多好的主意啊!idea [a d ]英文习语:② that's the idea! 干得好;做得对That's the idea! You're doing fine.对啦!你做得不错。
少许(用于不可数名词前)She needs a little water. 她需要一点水。
a littlea little 可以当副词用,意为“略微,稍微” ,表示程度不深。
It is a little cold today.今天有点儿冷。
n. 一满茶匙Put a teaspoonful of salt in the soup.往汤里放一满茶匙盐。
teaspoonful [ ti spu nf l]近义词:teaspoon n.茶匙;小匙;一茶匙(的量)He wants three teaspoons of sugar in his coffee. 他要在咖啡里放3茶匙的糖。
adj. (little的比较级)较少的,更小的less [les]I want less sugar for my coffee.我的咖啡要加少些糖。
Lesson 109 a good idea讲义重点
一、本课重要单词
Idea:主意;意见,见解,想法;
That's a good idea. 那是一个好主意。
What is your idea about it? 关于这件事你的意见如何?
a little:少许,有一点,表示肯定意义;
little:几乎没有,很少,表示否定意义。
little与a little修饰不可数名词。
There is a little wine left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩一点酒。
There is little wine left in the bottle.瓶子里没剩下多少酒。
teaspoonful: 一满茶匙;a teaspoonful of sugar 一茶匙糖; less: 较少的,更少的,是little和few的比较级。
a few:一些,几个;few:几乎没有;few和a few主要用来修饰可数名词;例:
A few children were in the room. 房间里有几个孩子。
Few children were in the room.房间里几乎没有孩子。
pity:遗憾; What a pity! 真可惜,实在可怜。
Instead:代替;掌握关于instead的一个重要短语,instead of 代替….,而不…..
I have to finish my work instead of going out.
我必须完成工作而不是出去玩。
advice:建议,忠告;掌握关于advise的短语,give some advice:提出建议;take the advice 听取建议;
二、本课重要知识点
1. I think there are a few in that box.
我想那个盒子里有一些。
在本句中需要掌握there be句型及few/little的用法:
(1)there is+可数名词的单数或不可数名词,例:
There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
(2)there are+可数名词的复数,例:
There are a lot of children in the classroom.
教室里有很多孩子。
(3)a few:一些,几个,肯定意义,表示“有”的意思,few:很少,否定意义,表示“没有”,few/a few均修饰可数名词:I met a few of my friends in Paris.
在巴黎我碰见我的几个朋友。
Few of us know the truth.我们中几乎没有人知道真相。
(4)a little:有一点,有一些,肯定意义,表示“有”的意思;little:很少,几乎没有,否定意义,表示“没有”,little/a little 均修饰不可数名词:
Come in and have a little milk. 进来喝点牛奶。
We got little help from them.
我们没有从他们那儿得到什么帮助。
2.本课重要语法:可数名词与不可数名词
英语中名词分为可数名词与不可数名词两种,可数名词是指可以用数目计算的名词。
可数名词有单复数之分。
不可数名词是指不可以用数目计算的名词,不可数名词没有单复数之分。
不可数名词在表示“一个”的概念时,就必须用表示量的名词词组,例:a piece of paper:一张纸;a piece of news:一条新闻;a piece of cheese 一块乳酪;a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力;等等。
最常见的不可数名词有:advice, change(零钱), furniture(家具), hair, homework, information(信息), knowledge, luggage (行李), money, news, progress, traffic等等;
可数名词与不可数名词用法如下:
(一)可数名词的用法:
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则变化如下:
①大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
例:friend→friends; cat→cats;
②是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es,构成复数。
例:bus→buses; fox→foxes; match→matches;
③以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。
例:family→families;fairy→fairies; lady→ladies;
④以-o结尾的名词,一般直接加s,例:
zoo →zoos; radio →radios;
video →videos; piano →pianos; photo →photos;
以下几个一般常加-es: 黑人Negro英雄hero喜欢吃西红柿tomato和马铃薯potato。
⑤、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,例:knife→knives; life→lives;
leaf→leaves; staff(员工)→staves;
不规则变化:
child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women;
deer---deer,sheep---sheep,fish---fish,Chinese---Chinese,Japanese---Japanese;
(二)不可数名词的用法:
(1)不可数名词不能与a/an连用而且没有复数形式,只有单数形式,some bread,a little milk,a little water; some soup;(2)不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用作单数,即使与some/any等连用也是单数形式,例:
The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。
There is some milk in the cup:杯子里有一些水;
There is not any water in the bottle:瓶子里没有水了;
(3)不可数名词经常需要“量化”,量化后的单复数是由量词来决定的,例:
There is a bar of chocolate on the plate.
盘子里有一块巧克力。
There are two cups of tea on the table.
桌子上有两杯茶。
There are three bottles of milk in the fridge.
冰箱里有三杯牛奶。
(4)对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。
例:
How many apples are there in the box?
盒子里有多少个苹果?
How much tea is there in the cup?
杯里有多少茶水?。