下载文档原格式
区块链技术安全白皮书1目录 contents一 、 简述 ................................................................2二、 基础网络安全风险 ....................................................332.1数据层：信息攻击与加密算法攻击 ..............................................32.2网络层：节点传播与验证机制风险 ..............................................2.3解决方案与建议...............................................................4三、 平台层安全风险 .....................................................53.1共识层：常见共识机制安全性对比 ..............................................553.2激励层：发行与分配机制风险 ...................................................63.3合约层相关安全风险 ..........................................................63.4解决方案与建议...............................................................四、 应用层安全风险 .....................................................774.1 节点常见安全问题 ..............................................................4.2 加密资产钱包安全性对比 .......................................................9114.3 加密资产交易平台常见安全问题 ..................................................五 、 小结 ................................................................13一、 简述区块链技术目前的发展方兴未艾，大多的技术和应用处于试验阶段，目前发生的安全事件多集中出现于加密资产相关领域，给用户造成了较大的经济损失，其安全问题日益受到行业关注。
第一章：前言C O NTENTS第二章 波顿（Botton）区块链商业系统································································································································12.1 旧商业体系痛点2.1.1 总体呈现“效率低、成本高”态势2.1.2 旧体系信息不对称2.1.3 企业信息孤岛2.1.4 真假难辨，维权成本高2.1.5 巨头垄断，中小企业融资难、融资贵2.1.6 全球化贸易流程繁琐，交易效率低 (2)····················································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································2.2 区块链赋能旧商业体系2.2.1 区块链技术特性2.2.2 旧商业的需求·····························································································································································································································································································································2.3 波顿——区块链商业系统···································································································2.4 LOGO 设计·······················································································································第三章 技术概况3.1 Botton（波顿）公有链技术框架·······················································································································································································································3.2 共识机制····························································································································3.3 代币发行····························································································································3.3.1 主币Botton Coin（波顿币）3.3.2 辅币Botton Token（波顿证）····················································································································································································3.4 链上社区功能····················································································································3.4.1 信任辐射网络3.4.2 熔炉铸币································································································································································································································3.4.3 矿场掘金···················································································································3.5 股东矿工大会····················································································································第四章 波顿（Botton）商业生态···································································································4.1 波顿商业生态建设规划······································································································4.1.1 生态启动阶段4.1.2 应用建设阶段··························································································································································································································4.1.3 生态成熟阶段·············································································································4.2 应用框架···························································································································4.2.1 产品供应链溯源 (2)222333445689991111111212131416181818181819194.2.2 链上出入库系统4.2.3 溯源和防伪框架4.2.4 库存管理4.2.5 智能商业4.2.6 用户价值管理·······································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································4.3 区块链+AI+大数据体系4.4.1 企业信用系统4.4.2 个人企业信用系统···························································································································································································································································································································4.4 全面信用评分系统·············································································································第五章 社区充分自治5.1 治理机制················································································································································································································································5.2 投票要素····························································································································第六章 Botton 里程碑···················································································································后记·············································································································································19 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 27 28。
区块链技术在供应链金融中的应用及其影响分析随着数字时代的到来，各种新兴技术正在以惊人的速度与广度应用于各行各业，其中区块链技术无疑是其中最为热门的一个。
随着该技术的不断升级和完善，有越来越多的企业将其应用于供应链金融领域，为供应链金融行业带来了革命性的变革。
本文将就区块链技术在供应链金融中的应用及其影响分析进行探讨。
一、从传统金融到区块链金融传统的供应链金融体系存在着很大的问题，如信息不对称、资金难以流通、依赖信用等等，这也限制了企业的业务拓展和金融服务的开展。
而区块链技术则能够解决这些问题。
区块链技术以其去中心化、分布式、不可篡改的特性，可以让各方信息共享、资金流通更加便捷、信用问题得到更好的解决，从而实现供应链金融行业的升级变革。
二、区块链技术在供应链金融中的应用1. 供应链溯源区块链技术可以实现商品从产地到零售端的全程跟踪和溯源，一旦出现问题，可以轻松排查。
同时，区块链技术可以帮助企业对供应链进行风险评估，减少因供应链问题导致的损失。
2. 资金流通传统供应链金融面临的一个大问题就是资金流动不畅，而区块链技术就可以将资金流转的过程进行透明化和规范化，减少人力、物力和时间成本，大大提高了效率。
3. 信用验证因为区块链技术具有去中心化和不可篡改的特点，可以实现对各方信用记录的全面记录和公开验证，相比传统信用保险更具优势，同时也可以逐渐取代传统保险业务。
三、区块链技术在供应链金融中的影响1. 降低成本区块链技术的应用可以减少金融机构与企业之间的信任成本、信息处理成本等各类成本，从而为供应链金融行业带来巨大的降本增效的效果。
2. 增加透明度区块链技术可以让各方信息共享，减少信息不对称的情况，从而增加供应链的透明度，这可以降低风险和提高公司的声誉度。
3. 提高效率区块链技术可以提高资金流转的效率，减少资金周转时间，增加投资价值的变现速度。
同时区块链技术可以自动化审批过程，从而提高审批效率和减少错误率。
中企云链：链信息，链信用，链信任一、我国供应链金融发展面临的瓶颈1、传统风险控制思维惯性转变难近十多年以来，国内供应链金融从1.0的“1+N”商业模式发展至今的3.0"N+N"，经IBM 研究调查结果，供应链金融产品约75%存货融资与预付款融资，归根结底其中原因就是风险控制思维惯性大范围转变仍存在较大困难，仍局限于传统的抵押贷款思维，保理业务仅占25%，大多银行仍难以遵循贸易融资自偿性的特性，出于风险控制考虑，无法仅以买方还款做为第一还款来源进行授信。
另外，供应商与供应商之间的结算约定，缺少系统化的自动触发机制，造成金融机构在多环节参与的供应链金融业务中，对回款保障缺少可信的技术手段。
2、贸易背景真实性困境制约银行授信由于全国征信系统尚不完备，供应链上的中小企业存在严重的信息不对称，银行对中小企业授信是依托供应链上核心企业的信用，不论是核心企业对上游供应商的最终付款责任，或是对其下游经销商的担保责任，皆是以核心企业的信用为杠杆衍生出来的授信。
银行除了需要核心企业配合外，也只能局限于核心企业的一级供应商或一级经销商(即与核心企业直接签约的供应商与经销商)，至于二级以上的供应商与经销商，则因为与核心企业无直接采购或销售合约，银行对其贸易背景的真实性难以判断，对提供融资需求存有风控方面的顾虑。
另外，供应链金融平台推送交易信息的真伪、交易信息是否被篡改等问题也制约着银行融资业务的开展。
3、供应链交易全过程对外透明度低供应链代表的是从原材料到成品制成再到流通至消费者的整个过程，可能覆盖数百个阶段，跨越数十个地理区域，缺少一种可靠的方法去验证及确认产品和服务的真实过程和价值，很难做到逐一对事件的真实性进行追踪或是对事故开展调查，除了核心企业及其一级供应商或一级经销商，供应链上中小企业的信息化程度普遍比较低，实际经营信息难以对称共享，金融机构难于获得有效的足以支持授信的数据，更难于核实交易真伪。
2018年区块链供应链金融行业分析报告2018年4月目录一、供应链金融正逢其时 (5)1、市场空间广阔 (6)（1）中小企业规模庞大 (6)（2）供应链金融空间广阔 (7)2、政策鼓励供应链金融发展 (7)3、科技推动产融结合 (8)二、区块链助力供应链金融升级 (8)1、区块链技术在供应链金融场景中的应用 (8)（1）多主体合作 (9)（2）多层级信用传递 (9)（3）资产数字化 (10)（4）流程智能化 (10)2、区块链供应链金融的业务架构 (10)（1）参与方利益分析 (10)（2）业务流程 (11)三、区块链+供应链金融的实践 (12)1、传统巨头企业的强强联合 (12)（1）Chained Finance (12)（2）易见区块 (13)（3）星贝云链 (14)（4）丰收供应链 (15)（5）其他 (16)（6）小结 (17)2、区块链创业公司的突围 (17)（1）布比区块链 (18)（2）复杂美 (19)（3）趣链科技 (21)（4）链平方 (22)（5）秒钛坊 (22)（6）小结 (24)四、总结与展望 (24)区块链助力供应链金融升级。
我国中小微企业规模持续扩大，对国民经济的贡献日益提升，而中小微企业融资难是我国经济发展中亟待解决的重要问题，供应链金融是针对中小微企业提供融资服务的最佳途径，预计到2020年，国内供应链金融市场规模将接近15万亿元。
相关政策频频出台，鼓励开展供应链金融。
区块链、大数据、物联网、人工智能等新一代技术的发展，将推动供应链金融向智能化发展。
尤其是区块链平台的搭建，能够推动资产数字化，从而实现可拆分、易流通、可追踪的特性，极大的促进了商业信用的传递，为中小微企业融资提供便利。
基于区块链技术的供应链金融方案探索。
自2016年起，传统巨头企业以及区块链技术公司都开始布局“区块链+供应链”，目前已有部分项目落地，包括易见股份、布比区块链等，以应收账款模式为主。
区块链在供应链金融中的应用布比（北京）网络技术有限公司传统供应链金融行业痛点从一个典型的业务场景开始赊账账期：三个月本金：100万第三个月怎么办？赊账赊账现结供应链金融理解•核心企业：信息对称+风控+获客•市场竞争已经从单一客户之间的竞争转变为供应链与供应链之间的竞争•同一供应链内部各方相互依存，"一荣俱荣、一损俱损“•生态圈的建立对财务和资金的优化传统模式下供应链金融问题核心企业供应链的主导者供应链金融只解决了其中一环供应商供应商供应商供应商北京汽车核心企业l 信息不对称各机构/企业间非统一ERP系统，信息形成孤岛无法共享。
l 信任无法传递信任只能在核心企业与一级供应商间传递，其他环节供应商缺乏背书较难融资。
l 支付结算不能自动化完成供应商与供应商之间的约定结算无法自动完成。
l 融资难热轧板四级供应商模具厂三级供应商面板二级供应商车门一级供应商商流资金流传统模式下供应链金融问题原因分析商票解决方案的不足共同问题l不能拆分l核心企业信用不能传递如何弥补商票的不足可拆分可流转可融资可持有到期债权转让付款承诺如何保障“债权转让+付款承诺”有效性•多方参与，公信力强（同步记账）•数据真实，不可篡改（密码学，账本结构）•债权流转，信任传递（指定游戏规则）•按时兑付，自动清算（共识+智能合约）•中心化->点对点的价值传递（多中心执行）关键技术动态组网智能合约账本结构共识算法分布式账本l 信息不对称->共享账本使用区块链来记账，【信息+资金+物流】统一。
l 信任无法传递->信任沿着资金流传递信息流与资金流同时传递，信任轻松传递，授权共享即可。
l 支付结算不能自动化完成->嵌入区块链智能合约，对接金融机构对接银行支付通道，链条上的企业资金清算路径固化，避免了违约商流资金流基于区块链的解决方案北京汽车核心企业热轧板四级供应商模具厂三级供应商面板二级供应商车门一级供应商让金融服务到多级供应商，降低核心企业采购成本可接受利率5％~7％可接受利率7％~9％可接受利率9％~12％可接受利率12％+一级供应商二级供应商三级供应商……N级供应商核心企业生产信任信任传递投资人交易所保理商理财产品区块链供应链金融产品壹诺介绍壹诺供应链金融产品介绍依托于布比区块链自主研发的为用户提供供应链金融服务。
区块链产业互联网白皮书区块链加速赋能产业，开启价值互联网时代区块链如火如荼，开启价值互联网时代比特币的价格在 2017 年累计涨幅已超过三倍，不断创下历史新高，国内众多互联网公司纷纷布局区块链，赋能生态打开区块链技术想象空间。
区块链技术不可篡改的特性从根本上改变了中心化的信用创建方式，用代码构建了一个最低成本的信任方式：机器信任。
区块链有望带领我们从个人信任、制度信任进入到机器信任的时代。
代币（token）的全球性流通，让价值传输无比便利，同时代币经济学带来了价值吸纳，如果说互联网是打破了信息传递的障碍，那么区块链就是打破了价值传递的障碍，解决了服务变现的问题。
2. 监管趋严背景下加速赋能产业，区块链+共享经济率先落地区块链的发展可以分成 1.0、2.0 和 3.0 三个阶段，其中 1.0 是数字货币应用，2.0 是智能合约应用，3.0 是为各种行业提供去中心化解决方案。
我们认为，在区块链数字货币的强监管下，将加速 2.0 和 3.0 赋能实体产业。
从分类的角度来说，私有链、联盟链、公有链是区块链的三大类型，联盟链适合于机构间的交易、结算或清算等B2B 场景，公有链包括比特币、以太坊、超级账本、大多数山寨币以及智能合约等。
我们认为，传统机构无法突然之间转变成一个完全的公有链，联盟链或在传统机构中先落地应用，特别是金融集团之间更倾向于拥抱联盟链，但 3.0 应用由于大规模地受到以太坊平台影响，公有链应用将逐渐扩大。
目前，国内企业级应用由于技术尚需优化，体制与机制的障碍，仍处于起步阶段；C 端应用中，我们看好区块链+共享经济的率先落地应用。
首先区块链技术与共享经济具备天然契合性；其次，在共享计算生态中，区块链技术的边际成本低于云计算；最后，区块链的应用将提高互联网企业的 C 端流量活性和社区的流通性。
底层技术巨头称霸，应用层百家争鸣我们从技术层、平台层和应用层三层架构梳理了区块链的行业结构：1）技术层是从事区块链底层技术研究，根据WinterGreen Research 的数据，IBM 和微软占据 7 亿美元区块链市场的 51%份额，我们认为 IBM、微软等巨头由于技术先发性等因素称霸底层技术；2）平台层包括数字货币交易平台、媒体平台、 ICO 平台、技术平台，如火币网、P 网等，从世界范围来看交易平台的监管趋严；3）应用层是区块链技术对现有行业的解决方案改造。
