下载文档原格式
高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、名词中英文都有名词，英文名词与中文的主要区别是单数、复数变化。
（一）复数变化英语名词在表示复数时，需要变化。
怎么记呢？第一，先记主要变化，末尾加s。
比如books。
第二，记住哪些加es？1、以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加es。
比如boxes, bushes.为什么？因为加s从读音上无法区分。
不能是buss，而是buses [iz]。
注意：绝大多数特殊变换，都是为了读音方便，以后你会见到这条规律反复出现。
2、y结尾改为ies，比如babies，families。
为什么？因为y是半元音，有时发元音、有时发辅音，不改变形式容易造成读音错误。
（但为什么boys，monkeys又是直接加s呢？因为y前面是元音）3、f结尾改为ves，比如lives，knives。
4、o结尾的单词，一般有生命的加es。
比如heroes，potatoes，buffaloes。
其他直接加s，比如photos，pianos。
第三，不规则变形。
1、fish，sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese单复数同形。
2、oo复数变ee。
比如foot-feet，tooth-teeth，goose-geese。
3、man复数变men，比如women，policemen。
4、很不规则的变形：mouse－mice; ox－oxen；child－children。
第四，只有复数。
clothes，trousers，glasses等，只有复数，没有单数。
怎么表示一副眼镜？很简单，一副+眼镜，a pair of glasses。
people、police、cattle等，本身只有复数，表示整体。
当people表示民族、部落时，可以有复数形式，即peoples。
为什么要区分单数复数？英语名词的单复数，决定了后面动词的形态，比如是is还是are，是has还是have。
我们后面讲到“主谓一致”时再详细讲解。
（二）不可数名词单数和复数是针对可数名词。
高考英语语法专项复习代词知识点整理总结距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、代词的分类二、代词的用法考点一it, that, one(s), those的用法1．it代替的是前面提到的同一事物，即同名同物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
如：I’d like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it?我想看看那张地图，我能借用一下吗(it代替可数名词atlas)？2．one叫作泛指代词代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个，所代替名词是可数名词单数，其前可带冠词与修饰语。
如果代替复数名词，则用ones。
如：①The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的一个问题。
高中英语语法专攻-《代词》【考点1-人称&物主&反身代词】注意:①形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词,如:her father她的父亲。
②“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格,如:a friend of mine 我的一个朋友。
【考点2-“it”用法】1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。
如:It is half past two now.现在两点半。
(指时间)It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.离最近的医院有六英里。
(指距离)It is very cold in the room.房间很冷。
(指温度)2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
如:These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic,which brings with it not only necessary state welfare,but also alcoholism,betrayal and even suicide.现在这些当地居民必须使他们传统的自足自给的狩猎生活方式与现代法兰西共和国生活方式保持平衡,因为,随之而来的不仅有必要的社会福利,还有酗酒、背叛甚至是自杀。
(it指前面所提到的情况)—Who’s that at the door?—It is the milkman.——门口那人是谁?——是送奶工。
(it指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人)—I’ve broken a plate.我打碎了一个盘子。
—It(=Breaking the plate) doesn’t matter.没关系。
专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法（1)常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”.Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’"。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all， as we all can see， as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
C、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but用作关系代词,相当于who/that…not例:In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、。
先行词为 all ， much， everything， nothing ， something ，anything, nothing， none, the one 等不定代词时2、先行词被only， any, few， little, no ， all， just , very ，right等修饰时。
高中英语语法专题复习练习---代词一、单选题1.If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get for me?A. oneB. suchC. thisD. that2.Though a farmer, Zhu zhiwen has became a huge success as a singer, whose story is really________ of great inspiration.A. everythingB. nothingC. the oneD. one3.We're looking for a headmaster, ________ who will devote himself entirely to the cause of education.A. heB. thatC. the oneD. one4.—Where did the money you had got go?— On a computer, ______ on the desk over there.A. itB. thisC. oneD. the one5.Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ______.A. anotherB. the otherC. one anotherD. one6. I have been absent for nearly half a month. I can't afford ________ week.A. the otherB. anotherC. otherD. a more7.theirA. birthB. breathC. theaterD. breathe8.Most people think ________ necessary to learn a foreign language nowadays.A. thatB. thisC. itD. them9.The company and the effect brought about did great good to our business in the market.A. itB. whichC. thatD. what10.The doctor thought ________ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. thisB. itC. oneD. That11.—Which driver was to blame?— Why, ______! It was the child's fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A. bothB. eachC. eitherD. neither12.By the way, who will teach ___ pop music next term?A. usB. OurC. oursD. we13.In my opinion, there's no greater happiness than of succeeding in one's career.A. oneB. itC. thatD. those14.—Mum, could I have an apple? I am a bit hungry.—Didn't you just have .A. itB. thatC. oneD. this15.He found ________ almost impossible to express what he wanted to say.A. thatB. thisC. itD. one16.Some students take ________ for granted that they can learn English well so long as they do many exercises.A. thisB. thatC. itD. them17.We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn't like it.A. they, themB. them, theyC. themselves, theirD. theirs, they18.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.A. itB. thoseC. oneD. that19.Health reports believe that even a little exercise is rather better than ___ at all.A. no oneB. noneC. nothingD. anything20.Houses in China's big cities are so unreasonably expensive that generally young couples can't afford _______ without their parents' financial support.A. thatB. itC. anyD. one21.—Who's that at the door?—is the milkman.A. HeB. ItC. ThisD. That22.The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States.A. thisB. thatC. theseD. those23.We have many summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interest.A. themB. eachC. oneD. it24.The population of China is larger than of Japan.A. theseB. thatC. thisD. those25.He invited the three of ___, Bob, Tom and ___.A. we...me B. us (I)C. we…ID. us…me26.I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them．A. oneB. itC. thisD. that27.Mr Brown gave me a very valuable present, ________that I have never seen.A. the oneB. itC. oneD. which28._______ will do good to patients to follow the advice of doctors, because they're professional.A. TheyB. ItC. AsD. That29.I wanted to give you some bread, but was left.A. neitherB. nothingC. noneD. no one30.That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you.A. somethingB. anythingC. allD. that31.Mr. Smith gave the tickets to all the students except _______ who had already seen the movie.A. the onesB. onesC. othersD. the others32.My daughter thought she was________ when I asked him for the advice on the new plan.A. somethingB. anythingC. somebodyD. anybody33.—Is this your book?—No. It's not . It's .A. my; hisB. mine; hersC. me; him34.They are learning to act graciously when success comes ________ way.A. itsB. hisC. herD. their35.It is important to make new laws and create international standards for these laws similar to_______ concerning international airspace.A. whatB. thatC. thoseD. it36.Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.A. the oneB. thatC. whichD. something37.I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you38.______ road out of town is good, but this one is better than the other.A. BothB. AllC. NoneD. Neither39.— What do you think about that new librarian?— She is ______of a good clerk, for she even doesn't know how to classify the books.A. somebodyB. nothingC. somethingD. nobody40.Of those who are married,in more than 80 percent of cases,the wives' education background is equal or higher than of their husbands.A. itB. oneC. thatD. the one二、语法填空41.So difficult did he find________ to pass the driving test that he decided to quit.42.Hobbies provide interests that keep bedridden patients from thinking about ________ (them).43.You will find ________quite helpful to do what you are interested in.44.—Silly me! I forgot what my bag looks like.—What do you think of ________ over there?45.Every rock looked like a person or animal, every steam that joined the great river carried________ (it) legends, every hill was heavy with the past.答案一、单选题1.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份好吗？one作“一个”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用来代替上文提到过的paper。
落堕市安心阳光实验学校语法专项(十一) 代词考点一none，no one，neither，nothing和no的用法1．none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。
none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much的问题。
They were all tired, but none of them would stop to have a rest.他们都累了，但没有一个愿意停下来休息。
None of us have/has been there.我们中没有人去过那里。
—How many of you have seen the film?你们中有多少人看过这部电影？—None (of us)．一个也没有。
[考题印证](2012·课标全国改编)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but ________of them wants to，because they have work to do.解析：either和neither用于两者，句中but表示转折，所以应填neither，此处表示“但是他们(两人)没有想去的”。
答案：neither2．no one表“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟单数动词。
常可用来回答who引导的问句。
—Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题？—No one.没人。
3．nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what。
—What's in the cave?洞里有什么？—Nothing.没什么。
[考题印证]—Can I have some milk for my coffee?—I'm afraid there is ________ left.解析：none表示“没有”，既可以指人，也可以指物，但此处指的是物，强调的是数量。
高考语法填空抢分热点之代词一、考点精讲代词：1.人称代词分主格和宾格。
2.物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词物主代词修饰名词；名词性物主代词单独使用，相当于形容词物主代词加名词，后面不能再跟名词。
3.反身代词。
反身代词的固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，献身于”，其中to是介词；say to oneself“自言自语”；help oneself to“随便吃，自行取用”；by oneself“独自地，单独”；make oneself done“使某人自己被”；leave one by oneself“把某人自己单独留下”；enjoy oneself“过得愉快”；behave oneself“举止规矩”；come to oneself“苏醒过来”。
4.不定代词。
指人的不定代词：someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，everyone，everybody，nobody，no one；指物的不定代词：something；anything；everything；nothing；none既可指人也可指物，表示“一个也没有”或“一点也没有”。
5.it的用法（1）it作形式主语或形式宾语，代指动词不定式、动名词、名词性从句。
（2）用于强调句型：It is/was ...that/who...例如：It was he that/who broke the door.（是他弄坏的门）；It was not until his father came back that he left home.（直到他的父亲回来，他才离开的家。
）温馨提示：这个句型不能强调谓语动词，强调谓语动词时应该用：助动词do/does/did+动词原形，意为“确实，务必，一定”。
例如：He did break the door.（他确实弄坏了门。
）（3）it的固定搭配：When it comes to...“当谈到......的时候”，其中to是介词；make it“成功做成某事”；as it is “事实上，照原样”；get it“明白了”；put it“叙述，说明”；see to it that，意为“注意，务必，一定要做到”。
英语代词的用法全归纳一、定义与分类代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。
代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。
综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。
二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）的变化。
其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。
物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
特别注意：形容词性物主代词its 没有相应的名词性物主代词。
这三种代词的形式变化表如下：三、人称代词的用法1）定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。
它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。
如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.The boys are students, and they are in the room.The doy is small. It is Tom's.2）人称代词的句法功能A）人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。
B）人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。
如: I like music（主语）. She is a teacher.（主语）She and I are good friends（主语）.Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they（表语）?It might have been she.C）人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。
(完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档)的全部内容。
（完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档) 编辑整理：张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望 (完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档) 这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为〈（完整版)高考英语一轮复习语法梳理代词(13页Word文档)> 这篇文档的全部内容.高考英语热点名师调研代词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考生容易出错的项目,因为代词具有较大灵活性。
考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误是1）机械地套用语法规则；2）用汉语思维去分析题意.从高考考查情况看，高考考查最多的是不定代词，因为不定代词是整个代词中最为活跃的部分,其次是名词性物主代词和反身代词.1。
人称代词①在句中作主语用主格，在句中作宾语，则用宾格；She teaches them physics。
②在句中作表语常用宾格；Who is it? It’s me。
学员编号：年级：高三课时数:学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型代词授课日期及时段教学内容考点解读1、思维导图形式先呈现整体框架概念及分类'人称代词：主格、宾格物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词疑问代词it it/one代词彳指示代词（重点）＜〔that/thosee every/each不定代词（重点）n nothing/nobody/noneL （the）other/others/another；相互代词2、重难点（讲解）重难点一：it与one的用法1.it的用法a.it不仅可指代某样东西，还可指代人（专指未知性别的人，如婴儿，门外敲门者或电话另一端未明确身份的人等。
）例如：Is it a boy or a girl? It's a girl.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.b.it可指代时间、季节、地点、天气、距离、金钱等。
例如：I hope it is spring all the year round.It is no far from the school to my home.c.it用作形式主语或形式宾语。
例如：It is certain that food prices are going up.She soon found it possible to go to the fitness club regularly.2.one的用法one是不定代词，可代替前面出现的某个可数名词，复数为ones。
例如：I would like to have a digital camera, but I can 't afford one.There are only hard chocolates left; we ve eaten all the soft ones.重难点二：that与those的用法that替代被限定的、有定语修饰的名词；that可替代可数名词单数或不可数名词，指代可数名词复数时用those。
专题02代词、介词和介词短语年份卷别代词（2022-2024）三年（6考）介词和介词短语（2022-2024）三年（12考）命题趋势2024新高考I 卷as 代词：研究最近几年高考真题可知，对代词的考查主要集中在：1.考查代词词形转换及代词的句法功能。
无词填空中对it 的特殊用法也是高考的热点。
介词：高考对介词的考查集中在：1.介词的基本用法和含义。
2.介词短语介词与其他词类的搭配。
新高考II 卷to (be similar to)浙江卷1月ones 全国甲卷its for 2023新高考I 卷their by 新高考II 卷with 全国甲卷we 改为us for 全国乙卷his →her to 浙江卷1月as 2022新高考I 卷as新高考II 卷全国甲卷we 改为us 删除of 全国乙卷by浙江卷1月浙江卷6月at 北京卷themselves in考点01代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows,perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one)mayyet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）This area,with_______(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
语法复习第3讲：代词I、重点难点解析代词是代替名词的一种词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑一、人称代词的用法1.作主语用主格。
作宾语用宾格。
She teaches us English.2.在句中作表语，常用宾格。
Who is it? It’s me.但有时用主格。
If I were she, I would’t go there.二、物主代词的用法1．形容词性物主代词——只作定语：This is our classroom.2①英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。
如：Jack took off his coat and went to bed.② “of + 名词性物主代词”可用作定语。
如：Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.四、指示代词的用法1.时空的差别e.g. There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that？2. This 和that 在行文叙述上的差别。
e.g. I shall say this to you: he is a poor man.He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come.3.that 和those 用于表比较的结构。
The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown.TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here.4. 打电话时this 表示我,that表示你.1）none 既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；no one 只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题三代词一、代词的分类用来代替名词或起名词作用的词、短语、分句或句子的词叫作代词。
英语中的代词可分为类人称代词主格 I we you you he,；she； it they 宾格me us you you him；her；it them物主代词形容词性my our your your his；her；its their 名词性mine ours yours yours his；hers；its theirs 反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself；herself；itself themselves 指示代词this, that, these, those, such, so不定代词 one, some, any, each, none, all, both, neither, either, other, another, no, many，much, (a)few,（a)little, something, anything, nothing, everything相互代词 each other, one another疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what ，whoever, whichever, whatever连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what，whoever, whichever, whatever关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as二、常考代词的用法1.both, all, either, any, neither, none 微专题易错点指代范围代词用法两者both 意为“两者都”，是对两者的肯定either 意为“（两者中）任一个”，表示二选一neither 意为“都不”，是对两者的否定all 意为“全部”，指代或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词三者或三者以上any 意为“任何一个”，指代或修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词none意为“全无，没有一点”，指代可数名词复数或不可数名词指物或人，其后可接表示范围的of...回答 how many/how much 的提问no one意为“没有人”，只指人其后不接表示范围的of...回答 who 的提问例：He is good at both English and French.You can take either of the pictures, whichever you like.It was a game in which neither team would win.Neither of us could understand German.All are happy to know the news.Phone me any day next week.We had three cats once but none(of them)is alive now.No one knows the answer.－How many of you have been to the Great Wall?－None.2.other, another 微专题易错点两者都意为“另一个”。
2021年高考英语语法复习-代词考点总结及配套练习-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN2021年高考英语语法复习代词考点一人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分,在句中作主语时用主格,作宾语或表语时用宾格。
Tom is a student.He works very hard.汤姆是一名学生,他学习非常努力。
Please send her the parcel.请把包裹寄给她。
He has a dog to keep him company.他有一条狗陪伴他。
①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,常用宾格。
—Tom,go and clean the yard.——汤姆,去打扫院子。
—Why me?——为什么是我?②在比较状语从句中,than,as后用主格或宾格都可以。
He is taller than I∕me.他比我高。
考点二物主代词The students are doing their homework.学生们正在做作业。
Your room is big while mine is small.你的房间大,而我的房间小。
考点三指示代词The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.这所小学校的教育质量比一些更大的学校的(教育质量)好。
Such are my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.我的朋友们就是这样:永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。
考点四相互代词相互代词包括each other和one another。
相互代词无人称、数和格的区别,在句中作宾语。
所有格是在其后加’s,在句中作定语。
We have to help one another.我们得互相帮助。
高考英语语法专题复习三、代词知识要点：代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。
代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。
一、人称代词人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)：人称代词的用法:注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格：---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。
(2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格：“I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。
”“我也累了。
”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。
”(3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化：I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。
为I like you better than he likes you.I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。
为I like you better than I like him.(4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I；复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。
We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。
但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前：Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。
I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。
但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。
(5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。
有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语：These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。
We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。
He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。
二、物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。
Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。
This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。
注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构(2) 物主代词与own 连用。
表强调。
也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语：Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
I saw it with my own eyes. 那是我亲眼看到的。
I hope to have a room of my own. / I hope to have my own house. 我希望有自己的房子。
三、指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，表示“这个，这些”“那个，那些”。
在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语；(单数：this, that；复数：these, those；为了方便学习将such,so也归于此类)。
I like these and he likes those. 我喜欢这些，他喜欢那些。
What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。
注：(1) 指示代词用作主语和定语时，可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时，只指物。
如：This is my father. (作主语，指人) Do you know this? (作宾语，指物，译为“你知道这个情况吗？）(2) 刚提到的或已经完成的事情时用 that，但是若要指下文将要发生或将要提到的事情通常用 this：She married Jim, and that surprised me. 她嫁给了吉姆，这使我感到很吃惊。
I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。
(3) 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?(4) such指代前面所述的这样的人或事。
如：Such is Albert Einstein, a famous physicist, but a simple man. 这就是艾尔伯特，爱因斯坦，......(5) so代替一个句子或短语表达的事情。
a.在believe,expect,suppose,imagine,think等词后用so代替前文观点。
表肯定、否定（=not）均可。
b. 用于表示肯定的hope，I’m afraid后，代替前文提出的观点。
四、反身代词反身代词是 oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等变化的词（单数： myself, yourself,himself, herself, itself, 复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves ），在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语，不能作主语。
注：(1)用作同位语(加强被修饰词的语气，紧放在被修饰名词后, 或句末)：The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。
You yourself said so. / You said so yourself. 你自己是这样说的。
(2)用作宾语(动词或for,of, in, by, to等介词的宾语)：She could not make herself understood. 她不能使别人听懂她的话。
You’ll have to see if he has come for yourself. (for one self 亲自，为自己)The computer may shut off of itself. (of oneself 自动的）You shouldn’t leave the child at home by herself. (by one self 独自，单独)Jim isn’t bad in himself, but he likes playing tricks on others. (in one self 本身)He likes a table to himself. (to oneself 独自占用)(3) 用作表语：有时用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态：The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。
I'm not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。
I'll be myself again in no time. 我过一会儿就会好的。
(4) 含有反身代词的动词短语：devote oneself to=be devoted to 专心于;lose oneself=be lost in 迷失；seat oneself= be seated 坐下; express oneself 表达某人的思想; say for oneself 为自己找借口；say to oneself 心想; talkto oneself 自言自语; feel oneself 觉得正常; come to oneself 苏醒；五、疑问代词疑问代词包括who, whom, whose，which, what，在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等：1、who 与 whom的用法：前者为主格，用作主语、宾语，后者为宾格，用作宾语。
Who spoke at the meeting? Whom are you talking about?口语中或作宾语的 whom 位于句首时，通常可用who 代替，但whom前有介词时除外：Who(m) is the letter from?2、whose的用法：表示“谁的”，既可用于名词前作定语，也可单独使用。
在句中作主、宾、表、定语。
Whose is better, yours or hers?(作主语) Whose do you love better, yours or hers?(作宾语)Tom has already taken his bag away.Whose is this?(作表语) Whose bag do you like?(作定语)3、what和 which 的用法：有选择范围时，多用 which；无选择范围或不明确时，多用 what。
拓展：what的习惯用法：(1) What...for...? 和What for? 用于询问原因和目的。
---What did you put it into the soup for? --- It would improve the taste.(你为什么...?)---I’m going to the grocery store. ---What for? We still have enough food in the apartment.（为何啊？）(2)What if...?表示假设、建议、征求意见或疑虑。
What if it rains while we are on the way?(3)What do you mean (by...)?表示愤怒、不满等情绪。
