1. 性质
❒固有权利(inherent right) ❒自保(self-preservation)与自助(self-help) ❒所有国家的权利
2. 前提：武力攻击（armed attack）
已发生的武力攻击 ❒已发生的武力攻击
已实际发生 攻击已开始发生
❒迫近的武力攻击或威胁(imminent threat of armed attack)
8. 我国自卫政策
积极防御、自卫和后发制人
❒ 2004年《中国国防白皮书》
❒ The United States has long maintained the option of preemptive actions to counter a sufficient threat to our national security. The greater the threat, the greater is the risk of inaction and the more compelling the case for taking anticipatory action to defend ourselves, even if uncertainty remains as to the time and place of the enemy's attack. To forestall or prevent such hostile acts by our adversaries, the United States will, if necessary, act preemptively. ❒ We must adapt the concept of imminent threat to the capabilities and objectives of today's adversaries. ❒ America will act against such emerging threats before they are fully formed. —— U. S. State Security Strategy
