化学化工术语英汉对照词典

规 范 电 极 电势 standard electrode potentialBET 公 式 BET f ormula D LV O 理 论 D LV O t h eo r yHLB 法 hydrophil e-lipophile balance method pVT 性 质 pV T propertyZ 电势 zeta potenti al阿 伏 加 德 罗 常 数 Av o g a d r o 'n u m b e r 阿 伏 加 德 罗 定 律Av o g a d r o l a w阿 累 尼 乌 斯 电 离 理 论 Arrhenius ionization theory 阿 累 尼 乌 斯 方 程 Arrhenius equation阿 累 尼 乌 斯 活 化 能 Arrhenius activation energy 阿 马 格 定 律 A magat law 艾 林 方 程 Eryi ng equation 爱 因 斯 坦 光化 当 量 定 律 Einstein 's law of photochemical equivalence爱 因 斯 坦 － 斯 托 克 斯 方 程 Einstein-Stokes equation安 托 万 常 数 Antoine constant 安 托 万 方 程 Antoine equation盎 萨 格 电 导 理 论 Onsager 's theory of conductance半 电 池 hal f cel l 半 衰 期 hal f ti me peri od 饱 和 液 体 saturated liquids爆 炸 界 限 explosion limits 比 表 面 功 specifi c surface work specific surface Gibbs function比 浓 粘 度 reduced viscosi ty规 范 电 动 势 standard electromotive force饱和蒸气 saturated vapor 饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压 saturated vapor pressure 比表面吉布斯函数规 范 摩 尔 生 成 焓 standard molar formation enthal py规 范 摩 尔 生成 吉 布 斯 函 数 standard molar formation Gibbs function规 范 平 衡 常 数 standard equilibri um constant 规 范 氢 电 极 stand ar d hy dr o gen electr ode 规 范 态 st andard st ate规 范 熵 standard en tr op y 规 范 压 力 standar d pr essure 规 范 状 况 standard condi tion表 观 活 化 能 apparent acti vation energy 表 观 摩 尔 质 量 apparent molecular wei ght 表 观 迁 移 数 apparent transf erence number 表 面 surf acessur f act ant ssur face ex cess 表 面 张 力 surf ace tension表 面 质 量 作 用 定 律 surface mass acti on law 波义尔定律 波义尔温度 Boyl e law Boyle temper ature波 义 尔 点 Boyl e poi nt 玻尔兹曼常数 玻尔兹曼分布 玻尔兹曼公式Bol tzmann constantBol tzmann distributi on Boltzmann for mula玻 尔 兹 曼 熵 定 理 Bol tzmann entropy theorem 玻 色 － 爱 因 斯 坦 统 计 Bose-Einstein statist ics泊 Po ise不 可 逆 过 程 irreversi ble process不 可 逆 过 程 热 力 学 thermodynamics of irreversi ble processes 不 可 逆 相 变 化 i rrev ersible phase change 布 朗 运 动 brow ni an mov ement 查 理 定 律 Char le 's law 产 率 yiel d敞 开 系 统 op en syst em规范摩尔反应吉布斯函数 standard Gibbs f unctionof molar r eaction规范摩尔反应熵 规范摩尔焓函数 规范摩尔吉布斯 规范摩尔燃烧焓st an d ar d st an d ar d由能函数 st an d ar d 规范摩尔熵 mol ar reaction entropy molar enthalpy f unction st andar d molar Gibbs m o lar com bustio n enthalstandar d molar ent ropyfr ee energy functionpy表面过程控制 surface process contr ol 表面活性剂表面吸附量超电势over potenti al沉降sedi mentation沉降电势sedi mentation potential 沉降平衡sedi mentation equilibrium触 变 thixotr opy粗 分 散 系 统 thick disperse sy stem 催 化 剂 c at al y s t单 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 mono molecule l ayer adsorpti on 单 分 子 反 应 un i mol ecu lar react io n单 链 反 应straight chai n reactions弹 式 量 热 计 bomb calorimet er 道 尔 顿 分 压 定 律 Dalton parti al pressure law德 拜 和 法 尔 肯 哈 根 效 应 D ebye and Falkenhagen eff ect 德 拜 立 方 公 式 D ebye cubi c formul a德 拜 － 休 克 尔 极 限 公 式 Debye-Huckel 's limiting equation 等 焓 过 程i senth alpic p ro cess 等 焓 线 isenthal pic line等几率定理 等温等容位 等温等压位 theor em of equal probability H el m hol tz f r ee ener gy Gibbs fr ee en er gyequati on at constant temperature eutecti c point低 共 熔 混 合 物 eutecti c mixturel ow er consol ute point cryohydri c perpetual machi ne of perpetual machi ne of associ at ion chemi cal cell c onst ant电 池 电 动 势 electromotive force of cell s电 池 反 应 cell react io n电 导 co nd u c tanc e 电 导 率conducti vit y电 动 势 的 温 度 系 数 temperature coeffi cient of electromoti ve force 电 动 电 势 zeta p o tent ial 电 功 el ectr ic wo r k 电化学electrochemi stry电 化 学 极 化 electrochemical polar ization 电极电势 electr ode potential 电极反应 reacti ons on the electrode 电极种类 t ype o f electrod es 电解池 electrolyt ic cell 电量计 coulometer 电流效率 current eff iciency 电迁移 electro mi grati on电迁移率 electromobility道尔顿定律 D al ton l aw等温方程低共熔点 低会溶点低熔冰盐合晶 第二类永动机 第三定律熵 第一类永动机 缔合化学吸附 电池常数 third-l aw entropyt h e seco n d ki ndthe fir st kind adsorpti on电 渗 electroosmosi s电 渗 析 electrodialy sis电 泳 el ectrophoresi s丁达尔效应 D yndall eff ect定容摩尔热容 molar heat capaci ty under constant v olume定容温度计 Constant v oI ume t hermometer 定压摩尔热容 molar heat capaci ty under con stant pr essu r e定压温度计 constant pressure ther mom eter 定域子系统 localized particle sy stem动力学方程 kinet ic equat ions动力学控制 ki net ics con tr ol独立子系统 independent particle syst em对比摩尔体积 reduced mole v olume对 比 体 积 reduced vol ume对 比 温 度 r educed t emp eratur e 对 比 压 力r educed p r essur e对 称 数 symmetr y number 对 行 反 应 reversi bl e reactions对 应 状 态 原 理 pri ncipl e of corresponding state 多 方 过 程 poly tropic process多 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 adsorption theory of mul ti-molecular layers 二 级 反 应 second order reaction二 级 相 变 seco nd order p h ase change 法 拉 第 常 数 farad ay constant 法 拉 第 定 律Far aday 's law反 电 动 势 b a c k E. M. F. 反 渗 透 rever se osmosis mol ecul arity reacti on orders ex tent of reaction反 应 热 heat of react i o n反 应 速 率 r at e o f r eact i o n非 依 时 计 量 学 反 应 time independent stoichiometric reacti ons 菲 克 扩 散 第 一 定 律Fick 's f irst law of diffusion反应分子数 反应级数 反应进度反应速率常数 constan t o f r eacti on r ate范德华常数van der Wa als constant 范德华方程 van der Wa alsequat ion范德华力 v a n d e r Wa al s f or c e范德华气体van der Wa als gases 范特霍夫方程van 't H of f equat ion 范特霍夫规则 v an 't H of f ru le范 特 霍 夫 渗 透 压 公 式 van 't Hoff equation of osmot ic pressure非 基 元 反 应 non-elementary reacti ons非体积功 non-vol ume work沸 点 boili ng point沸 点 升 高 elev ati on of boiling point 费 M － 狄 拉 克 统 计 Fermi-Dirac statistics 分 布 di st ri bution分 布 数 distribut ion numbers 分 解 电 压 decomposition volt age 分 配 定 律 distributi on law 分 散 系 统 disperse sy stem 分 散 相 disper sion phase 分 体 积 par ti al volume 分 体 积 定 律 partial vol ume law 分 压parti al pressure分 压 定 律 parti al pressure law分 子 反 应 力 学 mechanics of molecular reactions 分 子 间 力i nterm olecul ar f or ce分 子 蒸 馏 molecular di stil lati on 封 闭 系 统clo sed syst em附 加 压 力 excess pressu re弗 罗 因 德 利 希 吸 附 经 验 式 Freundlich empi rical formula of adsorption 负 极 negative pol e 负 吸 附 negati ve adsorption 复 合 反 应 composite reacti on 盖 •吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law H ess l aw calomel electrodely otropic seri es lever rule格 罗 塞 斯 －德 雷 珀 定 律 Grotthus-Draoer 's law隔 离 系 统 i sol ated syst em根 均 方 速 率 root-mean-square speed 功wor k功 函 wo r k content共 轭 溶 液 conjugate solution共 沸 温 度 azeotropic temperature 构 型 熵 configurational entropy 孤 立 系 统 i sol ated syst em 固 溶 胶 sol id so l固 态 混 合 物 sol i d sol u ti on 固 相 线 sol id phase l i ne 光 反 应 photoreacti on光 化 学 第 二定 律 the second law of actinochemistry 光 化 学 第 一 定 律 the first law of actinochemistry光 敏 反 应 photosensi tized reactions 光 谱 熵 spect ru m entr opy 广 度 性 质ex tensiv e propert y盖斯定律 甘汞电极 感胶离子序 杠杆规则 高分子溶液 macromolecular solution 高会溶点 u pper con sol u te p oint 隔离法 the isolation method广延量extensive quanti ty广延性质ex tensiv e propert y规定熵stip ulated entrop y过饱和溶液oversaturated sol ution过饱和蒸气ov ersaturated v apor过程pr ocess过渡状态理论t ransi ti on state theory过冷水super-cooled w ater过冷液体overcooled l iquid过热液体overheated l iquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholt z funct ion亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criteri on亥姆霍兹自由能H el m hol tz f r ee energ y亥氏函数Hel mholt z funct ion焓 e nt h al py亨利常数H enry constant亨利定律Henry l aw恒沸混合物const ant boi li ng mi x ture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant v olume恒容热heat at constant v olume恒外压constant external pr essur e恒压摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty at constant pressure恒压热heat at con stant p ressur e化学动力学chemical ki netics化学反应计量式stoichiometr ic equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coeffici ent of chemi cal reacti on 化学反应进度extent of chemical react ion化学亲合势chemical aff inity化学热力学chemical thermodynami cs化学势chemical potenti al化学势判据chemical potential cri teri on化学吸附chemi sorptions环境envi ro n ment环境熵变entropy change in envi ronment挥发度vol atil ity混合熵ent ropy of mix ing混合物mi x ture活度acti vity活化控制acti vation control活化络合物理论activated compl ex theory活化能activati on energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Wa tson Chart基态能级energy level at gr ound state基希霍夫公式K i rchhoff f ormula基元反应elementary reacti ons积分溶解热integrati on heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gi bbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Hel mhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs funct ion吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function cr iter ion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption for mula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 敞开系统open system 超电势over potenti al 沉降sedi mentation沉降电势sedi mentation potential沉降平衡sedi mentation equilibrium触变thixotr opy粗分散系统thick disperse system 催化剂catal yst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule l ayer adsorpti on单分子反应un i mol ecu lar react io n单链反应弹式量热计straight chai n reacti ons bombcalorimet er道尔顿定律 D al ton l aw道尔顿分压定律Dalton parti al pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应 D ebye and Falkenhagen eff ect德拜立方公式 D ebye cubi c formul a德拜－休克尔极限公式Deby e-Huckel's limit ing equation 等焓过程i senthal pic process等焓线isenthal pic line等几率定理等温等容位等温等压位等温方程低共熔点theor em of equal probabilityH el m hol tz f r ee ener gyGibbs fr ee en er gyequati on at constant temperature eutecti c point低共熔混合物eutecti c mixture低会溶点l ow er consol ute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydri c第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second ki nd 第三定律熵third-l aw entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the fir st kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorpti on电池常数电池电动势电池反应cell c on st antelectromotive force of cell s cell react io n电 导 co nd u c tanc e 电 导 率 conducti vit y电 动 势 的 温 度 系 数 temperature coeffi cient of electromoti ve force 电 动 电 势 zeta p o tent ial 电 功 el ectr ic wo r k 电 化 学 electrochemi stry electrochemi cal polarizat ion电 极 电 势 electr ode potential 电 极 反 应 reacti ons on the electrode对 比 温 度 r educed t emp eratur e对 比 压 力 r educed p r essur e对 称 数 symmetr y number 对 行 反 应 reversi bl e reactions对 应 状 态 原 理 pri ncipl e of correspondi ng state 多 方 过 程 poly tropic process 多 分 子 层 吸 附 理 论 adsorption theory of mul ti-molecular layers反 应 分 子 数 mol ecul arity反 应 级 数 reacti on orders二级反应 seco nd orderreaction二级相变 seco nd orderp h as e c h a n ge法拉第常数 farad ay constant 法拉第定律 Far aday ' s l a w反电动势b ac k E. M. F.电化学极化电极种类 t ype o f electrod es 电 解 池 electrolyt ic cell 电 量 计coulom eter电 流 效 率 current eff iciency 电 迁 移 electro mi grati on 电 迁 移 率electromobil ity丁达尔效应 D yndall eff ect定容摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty under constant v olume定容温度计 定压摩尔热容 Constant v oI ume t hermometer molar heat capaci ty under constant pressure定域子系统 localized particle sy stem 动力学方程 动力学控制 kinet ic equat ions ki netics con tr ol独立子系统 independent particle syst em 对比摩尔体积 reduced mole v olume对比体积 reduced vol ume 电 渗 electroosmosi s 电 渗 析electrodialy sis 电 泳 el ectrophoresi s定压温度计 constant pressure ther mom eter高分子溶液 macromolecular sol uti on 高会溶点upper consol ute point反 应 进 度 ex tent of reacti on 反 应 热heat of react i o n反 应 速 率 r at e o f r eact i o n 反应速率常数 范德华常数 范德华方程 constant of reacti on rate van der Wa als constant van der Waals equat ion范德华力 v a n d e r Wa al s f or c e范德华气体 范特霍夫方程 范特霍夫规则van der Wa als gases van 't H of f equat ion v an 't H of f ru le范特霍夫渗透压公式 van 't Hoff equation of osmot ic pressure 非基元反应 non-elementary reacti ons 非 体 积 功 non-vol ume work 非 依 时 计 量 学 反 应 time independent stoichiometric reacti ons 菲 克 扩 散 第 一 定 律 Fick 's f irst law of diffusion沸 点boili ng point沸 点 升 高 elevation of boil ing point 费 M － 狄 拉 克 统 计 Fermi -Di rac stati sti cs 分 布 di st ri bution分 布 数 distribut ion numbers 分 解 电 压 decomposition volt age 分 配 定 律 distributi on law 分 散 系 统 disperse sy stem 分 散 相 disper sion phase 分 体 积 par ti al volume 分 体 积 定 律 partial vol ume law 分 压parti al pressure分 压 定 律 parti al pressure law分 子 反 应 力 学 mechani cs of molecular reactions分子间力 分子蒸馏 封闭 系统 i nt ermolecular f orce molecular di stil lati on clo sed syst em附加 弗罗 负极负吸 力 德利希吸附经验式excess pressu re Freundlich empi rical formula of adsorption附 复合反应 盖•吕萨克 盖斯定律 甘汞电极 感胶离子序 杠杆规则negative pol enegati ve adsorption compositereacti on 定 律 Gay-L ussac law He ss l a wcalomel el ectrodely otropic series l ever rul e隔离法the i solat ion method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-D raoer's law隔离系统i sol ated syst em根均方速率r o o t - m e a n - sq u ar e s p ee d功wor k功函wo r k content共轭溶液conj ugate sol uti on共沸温度azeotropi c temperature构型熵conf i gurational entropy孤立系统i sol ated syst em固溶胶sol id so l固态混合物soli d sol uti on固相线sol id phase l i n e光反应photoreacti on光化学第二定律the second law of acti nochemi stry 光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensi tized reactions光谱熵spect ru m entr opy广度性质ex tensiv e propert y广延量ext ensi ve quanti ty广延性质ex tensiv e propert y规定熵stip ulated entrop y过饱和溶液oversaturated sol ution过饱和蒸气ov ersaturated v apor过程pr ocess过渡状态理论t ransi ti on state theory过冷水s uper-cooled w ater过冷液体overcooled l iquid过热八液体overheated l iquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholt z funct ion亥姆霍兹函数判据Hel mhol tz f unc tion criteri on 亥姆霍兹自由能H el m hol tz f r ee en ergy亥氏函数Hel mholt z funct ion焓ent h al py亨利常数H enry constant亨利定律Henry l aw恒沸混合物const ant boi li ng mi x tu re恒容摩尔热八容molar heat capaci ty at constant v olume恒容热heat at constant v olume恒外压constant external pr essur e恒压摩尔热容molar heat capaci ty at constant pressure恒压热heat at con stant p ressur e化学动力学chemical ki netics化学反应计量式stoichiometr ic equation of chemical reaction化 学 反 应 计 量 系 数 stoichiometric coeffici ent of chemi cal reaction 化 学 反 应 进 度 extent of chemical react ion化 学 亲 合 势 chemical aff inity化 学 热 力 学 chemical thermodynami cs化 学 势 chemical potenti al化 学 势 判 据 chemical potential cri teri on化 学 吸 附chemi sorptions 环 境 envi ro n ment环 境 熵 变 entropy change in envi ronment挥 发 度 vol atil ity混 合 熵 ent ropy of mix ing混 合 物 mi x ture活 度 acti vity活 化 控 制 acti vation control活 化 络 合 物 理 论 activated compl ex theory活 化 能 activati on energy霍 根 -华 森 图 Hougen-Wa tson Chart基 态 能 级 energy level at gr ound state基 希 霍 夫 公 式 K i rchhoff f ormula基 元 反 应 elementary reacti ons积 分 溶 解 热 integrati on heat of dissolution吉 布 斯 － 杜 亥 姆 方 程 Gi bbs-Duhem equation吉 布 斯 － 亥 姆 霍 兹 方 程 Gibbs-Helmhotz equation 吉 布 斯 函 数 Gibbs f uncti on 吉 布 斯 函 数 判 据 Gibbs function cr iter ionGibbs adsorption for mula吉 氏 函 数 Gibbs functi on极 化 电 极 电 势 polari zation potential of electrode 极 化 曲 线 polarizat ion curves 极 化 作 用 polarizat ion极 限 摩 尔 电 导 率limi ti ng molar conductivity 几 率 因 子 steric f actor计 量 式 stoichiometri c equation计 量 系 数 stoi chiometric coeffici ent价 数 规 则r ul e of val ence 简 并 度degener acy 键 焓 bond en thalpy胶 冻broth jel ly 胶 核 coll oi dal nucleus 胶 凝 作 用 demul sifi cation 胶 束 m i c e l l e胶 体 coll oi d胶 体 分 散 系 统 dispersi on system of col loid吉布斯吸附公式 吉布斯自由能 Gi bbs free energy胶 体 化 学 collochemi stry胶 体 粒 子 coll oi dal particl es胶 团 micel le焦 耳 定 律 Joul e's law接 触 电 势 cont act potential接 触 角 contact ang le节 流 过 程 throttli ng process 节 流 膨 胀 throttling expansi on 节 流 膨 胀 系 数 coeffici ent of throttling expansion 结 线 t ie l ine 结 晶 热 heat of crystallizati on解 离 化 学 吸 附 dissociation chemical adsor ption 界 面 i nterf aces 界 面 张 力 surf ace tension浸 湿 i mmersion wetti ng浸 湿 功 immersi on w etti ng work精 馏 rect if y聚 （ 合 ） 电 解 质 pol yelectrol yte聚 沉 coagulati on聚 沉 值 coagul ati on v alue绝 对 反 应 速 率 理 论 absolute reacti on rate theory Kohlrausch 's L aw of Independent M igration of 可 能 的 电 解 质 potential electrol yte可 逆 电 池 reversibl e cell可 逆 过 程 rever sible process可 逆 过 程 方 程 reversibl e process equat ion 可 逆 体 积 功 rever sible volume work 可 逆 相 变 reversibl e phase change克 拉 佩 龙 方 程 Clapey ron equation克 劳 修 斯 不 等 式 Cl ausius i nequali ty 克 劳 修 斯 － 克 拉 佩 龙 方 程 Clausius- Clapeyron equation 控 制 步 骤 control step焦 耳 Jo u l e焦 耳 -汤姆 生实 验焦 耳 -汤姆 生系 数Joule-T homson Joule-T homson ex per im ent coeffi cient 焦 耳 -汤姆 生效 应 Joule-T homson effect 绝对熵 abso lu te entr op y绝对温标absolute temperature scal e 绝热过程 绝热量热计 adiabati c process adi abati c calori meter绝 热 指 数 adiabatic i ndex卡诺定理卡诺循环 开尔文公式 Car not theo r em Carnot cy cleK el vi n f or m u la柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律 K onovalov -Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controll ed拉普拉斯方程L apl ace's equati on拉乌尔定律Raoul t law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption i sotherm formul a雷利公式Rayleigh equati on冷冻系数coefficient of refri geration冷却曲线cooling cur ve离解热heat of di ssoci ation离解压力dissociat ion pressure离域子系统non-locali zed particle systems离子的规范摩尔生成焓standard molar f ormation of ion离子的电迁移率mobilit y of i ons离子的迁移数t ransport number of i ons离子独立运动定律law of the independent migr ation of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ioni c strength理想混合物per fect mi xture理想气体i deal gas理想气体的绝热指数adi abat ic i ndex of i deal gases理想气体的微观模型mi cro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions 理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of i deal gase s理想气体状态方程state equation of i deal gas理想稀溶液ideal dil ute sol ution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mi xture粒子parti cles粒子的配分函数partition f uncti on of particles连串反应consecut iv e react ions链的传递物chain carr ier链反应chai n reacti ons量热熵cal or imetr ic entropy量子统计quant um statistics量子效率quantum yiel d临界参数cri ti cal paramet er临界常数crit ical constant临界点crit ical poi nt临界胶束浓度cri ti cal micell e concentration临界温度cri ti cal tem peratu re临界压力cri ti cal pr essu re临界状态 c ri ti cal state零级反应zero o r der reactio n流动电势streami ng potenti al流动功fl ow work笼罩效应 c age eff ect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rul e of fugacity 露点dew poi nt露点线dew point l in e麦克斯韦关系式M axw ell rel at ions麦克斯韦速率分布M axwel l distributi on of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdi stri bution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capi llary毛细现象capi llary phenomena临界摩尔体积cri tical molar vol umeM 凯利斯常数M i chael is constant摩尔电导率摩尔反应焓mol ar conductivi ty mol ar reacti on enthalpy摩尔混合熵摩尔气体常数mol e ent ropy of mix ing m o lar g as constan t摩尔热容摩尔溶解焓摩尔稀释焓molar heat capaci tymol e di ssoluti on enthal py mol e dilution enthal py内扩散控制internal diff usions control 内能i nternal en er gy内压力inter nal pressu re能级energy level s能级分布energy level di stri bution能量均分原理能斯特方程能斯特热定理principle of the equipartiti on of energy N ernst equati onN e r n st he at t h eo r em凝固点freezing poi nt。

化工词汇中英对照随着全球经济不断发展，化工工业也日渐成为国民经济发展的重要支柱产业之一。

在这个行业中，许多的专业术语不仅需要理解其中文含义，同时也需要了解其英文对照，以适应国际化交流的需求。

因此，在这篇文章中，我们将带领大家了解化工词汇中的中英对照，帮助大家更好地掌握这个行业的专业术语。

一、化学品类1. 分子量(Molecular weight) - The weight of a molecule ofa substance, expressed in atomic mass units (amu).2. 合成树脂(Synthetic resin) - A thermosetting or thermoplastic material formed by the polymerization of a resin and a hardener or catalyst.3. 聚合物(Polymer) - A large molecule consisting of many repeating subunits, each of which is a monomer.4. 酸(Acid) - A substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) to a solution. Acids have a pH of less than 7.5. 酸性物质(Acidic substance) - A substance with a pH of less than 7, indicating the presence of hydrogen ions.6. 碱(Base) - A substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. Bases have a pH of greater than7.7. 中性物质(Neutral substance) - A substance with a pH of 7, indicating that it is neither acidic nor basic.8. 溶剂(Solvent) - A substance capable of dissolving another substance to form a homogeneous mixture.9. 溶解度(Solubility) - The amount of a substance that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.10. 醇(Alcohol) - A compound containing a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a carbon atom.11. 酮(Ketone) - A compound containing a carbonyl (C=O) group attached to two carbon atoms.12. 酯(Ester) - A compound formed by the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.二、化学反应1. 氧化(Oxidation) - A chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons and/or gains oxygen.2. 还原(Reduction) - A chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons and/or loses oxygen.3. 聚合(Polymerization) - The process of forming a polymer by joining together many monomers.4. 缩聚(Condensation) - A chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine, usually with the elimination of a small molecule such as water, to form a larger molecule.5. 加成(Addition) - A chemical reaction in which a molecule is added to a double or triple bond, resulting in the formation of a new single bond.6. 消除(Elimination) - A chemical reaction in which a molecule is removed from an organic compound, often resulting in the formation of a double or triple bond.7. 反应速率(Reaction rate) - The rate at which a chemical reaction occurs, usually measured as the change in concentration of a reactant or product over time.8. 活化能(Activation energy) - The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.9. 热力学能量(Thermodynamic energy) - The energy associated with the heat and work exchanged during a chemical reaction.三、化工设备与工艺1. 反应釜(Reactor) - A vessel used for carrying out chemical reactions.2. 搅拌器(Agitator) - A device used to mix or stir a substance.3. 蒸馏塔(Distillation column) - A tower used in the process of distillation to separate components of a mixture based on their boiling points.4. 加热器(Heater) - A device used to heat a substance.5. 冷却器(Cooler) - A device used to cool a substance.6. 过滤器(Filter) - A device used to remove impurities froma substance.7. 压力容器(Pressure vessel) - A container designed to hold substances at high pressure.8. 计量泵(Metering pump) - A device used to accurately measure and deliver a liquid or gas.9. 真空泵(Vacuum pump) - A device used to create a vacuum by removing air or gas from a system.10. 管道系统(Piping system) - A network of pipes used to transport liquids or gases from one location to another.四、安全与环境保护1. 安全数据表(Safety data sheet) - A document that provides information about the hazards, handling, storage, and disposal of a chemical substance.2. 废物处理(Waste disposal) - The process of safely disposing of hazardous or non-hazardous waste.3. 危险品标识(Hazardous material labeling) - A system of labeling and identification used to indicate the potential hazards of a substance.4. 化学品存储(Chemical storage) - The safe and proper storage of chemicals to prevent accidents and ensure the integrity of the substances.5. 环境影响评价(Environmental impact assessment) - The process of evaluating the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project or operation.6. 水污染防治(Water pollution prevention and control) - The prevention and control of the discharge of pollutants into water sources.7. 大气污染控制(Air pollution control) - The prevention and control of the emission of pollutants into the air.总之，了解化工词汇中的中英对照是学习和掌握化工行业的基础，特别是在国际化交流中。

Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration 酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Polyethylene 聚乙烯Dienes 二烯Calorimetric 测热的N,N-dimethylformamide n-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）Diketopiperazine 环缩二氨酸ADMET 易位聚合Polycondensation 缩聚反应L-Glutamic 谷氨酸ω-alkeny 烯基esters 酯类acyclic 非环化的diene metathesis polycondensation 二烯易位聚合反应catalysts 催化剂homoallyl 高烯丙烯醇pentenyl 戊烯基hexenyl 己烯crystalline 结晶的macromolecular 大分子biological chiral resources 生物手性资源tandem 串联的glycine 甘氨酸orientation 取向alanine 丙氨酸linear 线型的layer 层状的N-alkylation n-烷基化Utilizing 使用Microcapsules 微表Phenylalanine 苯基丙氨酸Aspartic 天冬氨酸的Unsymmetrical 非对称的Histidine 组氨酸Arginine 精氨酸asymmetric hydrocyanation 非对称的氢氰化implemented 应用的resultant polymers 合成的聚合物diamines 二元胺dibromoxylenes 二溴甲苯substituents 取代基ether 乙醚carboxylic acid 羟基酸monomers 单体undergo 经历stationary phases 固定的阶段polyolefins 聚烯烃moduli 模数elongation 伸长率apparatus 仪器polarimeter 旋光仪spectrometer 分光仪gel permeation chromatography 凝胶渗透色谱分析法eluent 洗脱液calibrated 小准coupled diode laser 耦合的二极管nitrogen 氮modulated 调整accessory 配件sapphire 蓝宝石Al203indium 铟amplitude 振幅Thermogravimetric 热重分析cyclo-(L-Pyroglutaminyl-L-pyroglutaminyl)distilled 蒸馏calcium hydride 钙氢化物sulfuric acid 硫酸refluxed 回流saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and NaCl 饱和碳酸氢钠和食盐水column chromatography eluted 色谱柱洗脱ethanol 乙醇MP熔点Butenyl 丁烯基three-way stopcock 三颈瓶stirring 搅拌ethyl vinyl ether 乙烯基醚filtration 过滤Spectroscopic Data 光谱学数据Intramolecular 分子内的Impurities 杂质元素the metathesis reaction 置换反应elevated 提高的retain 保持acetylene 乙炔olefins 烯烃viscosity 粘度precipitated 沉淀的diethyl 二乙基diallylmalonate 丙二酸二烯丙酯concrete 具体的trifluoroacetic 三氯乙酸(TFA)suspensions 悬浮液transparent 透明的cocrystal 共晶histogram 直方图unimericoverlapped 相互重叠的facilitate 促进nucleophilic 亲核的carbonyls 金属羰基化合物symmetrical 对称的mitosis 有丝分裂The DKP cyclo(His-Pro)Endogenous 内生的Prevalent 流行的Throughout 贯穿thyroidreleasing hormone (TRH) 甲状腺释放的激素appetite suppression 食欲抑制peptidomimetics analogous 模拟肽类似物tetrapeptides 四肽microcapsules 微升毛细管stereochemistry 立体化学racemic 外消旋的enantiomer 对映体tetramers 四聚物reversibly 可逆disposal 清理containment 密封度Synthetically 合成的，综合的Aldehydes 醛类Imines 亚胺Hydrolysis 水解Auxiliaries 附属设备The DKP of pyroglutamic acid (PyDKP,3)Heterocyclic 杂环的Hindered 阻碍Erroneous 错误的Pyroglutamate 焦谷氨酸盐Methacrylate 甲基丙烯酸酯Pendent 未定的Acetic anhydride 乙酸酸酐Pyridine 吡啶Retention 保留Stereocenters 立体异构体Anticipated 预期N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) 二环己基碳二亚胺Transamidation 转酰胺基作用Ethyl 乙烷基谷氨酸Homogeneous 均匀的Elevated 提高的Chloroform 氯仿Ethanolamine 乙醇胺Exclusively 唯一的2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) 三氟乙醇Glycine 甘氨酸Neutralization 中和Pyroglutamyl 焦谷酰胺Isopropylamine 异丙胺Phenylethylamine 苯乙胺Racemization 外消旋作用Diastereomers 构体Enantiomer 非对映体Stoichiometric 化学计量的Imide 酰亚胺Diacetyl 二乙酰Propylamine 丙胺Bicyclic 二环的。

普通化学 General Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学 Physical Chemistry谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry普通化学和分析化学实验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry 现在基础化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在基础化学实验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Chemistry 有机化学实验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学实验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physica 合成化学实验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合实验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理实验 Experiments of Chemical Engineering应用化学实验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry分离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds 有机合成及反应机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics化学进展 Progress in Chemistry化学反应工程 Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis环境化学 Environmental Chemistry环境监测 Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量实验 Computer and Chemical Measurement化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry方案(建议书)proposal可行性研究 feasibility study方案设计 concept design工艺设计 process design基础设计 basic design详细设计 detail design开工会议 - kick-off meeting审核会议 review meeting外商投资 foreign investment中外合资 joint venture中外合营 joint venture补偿贸易 compensation trade合同合同附件 contract卖方 vendor买方 buyer顾客 client承包商 contractor工程公司 company供应范围 scope of supply生产范围 production scope生产能力 production capacity项目 project界区 battery limit装置 plant公用工程 utilities工艺流程图 process flow diagram工艺流程方块图 process block diagram管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图 steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout设备表 equipment list成品(产品)() product(final product)副产品 by-product原料 raw-material设计基础数据 basic data for design技术数据 technical data数据表 data sheet设计文件 design document设计规定 design regulation现场服务 site service项目变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额 consumption quota技术转让 technical transfer技术知识 - technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证 technical guarantee咨询服务 consultative services技术服务 technical services工作地点 location施工现场 construction field报价 quotation标书 bidding book公司利润 company profit固定价合同 fixed price contract固定单价合同 fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同 cost plus award fee contract定金 mobilization银行保证书 bank guarantee letter保留金 retention所得税 income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor's taxes城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes工作手册 work manual工作流程图 work flow diagram质量保证程序 QA/QC procedures采购计划 procurement plan施工计划 construction plan施工进度 construction schedule项目实施计划 project execution plan项目协调程序 project coordination procedure项目总进度计划 project master schedule设计网络计划 engineering network logic项目质量保证 project quality assurance项目质量控制 project quality control采购 procurement采购周期 procurement period会签 the squad check计算书 calculation sheets询价 inquiry检验 inspection运输 transportation开车 start up / commission验收 inspection & acceptance校核 check审核 review审定 approve版次 version部门 department专业 specialty项目号 project number图号 drawing number目录 contents序言 foreword章 chapter节 section项 itemMR material requisitionSPEC engineering specification（技术表）DATA SHEET（） technical data sheet(技术评标）TBA(） technical bid analysisPDP preliminary design package(项目经理)PM () project manager(专业负责人LDE( lead discipline engineer(材料询价单)MRQ() Material requisition for quotation(材料采购单)MRP() material requisition for purchase(基础工程设计包)BEP() basic engineering package&(管道及仪表流程图) ()P&ID() piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFD process flow diagramNNF normally no flowFO failure openFC failure closeC/S/A civil/structure/architecture（详细设计阶段）DDP（） detail design phase二. 工艺流程.连续过程continuous process 间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶、solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的 ()water absorbent(a)无水的()anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的()colorless(a)透明的()transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点-self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境 ()explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气-off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线--stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度 ()design temperature(pressure)相对湿度=RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵()hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 ()screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵--air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor 水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘 ()()top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽-make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜 -wet gas-holder干式气柜 -dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 -helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀,rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器--plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier 真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier 圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机roots blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering阀门 valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座 ( )valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)(,)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄 ()hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)()angle valve型阀(截止阀)-(- )Y()Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)()wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 ()offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 -combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀-three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀-four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀[]safety[SV]安全泄放阀 []relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀-flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀 ()solenoid (operated) valve电动阀(-)electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 ()open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)()()(automatic) air vent valve换向阀 ()diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 (-, )block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀-non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子(按标准制造的配管用管)pipe()(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)tube()钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管 [..]carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管-wrought-steel pipe锻铁管-wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管[]seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管--electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管-()- -()electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀 (-)hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头;;()bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀)()bleed valve旁路阀-by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀 (, )root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管-water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚 []wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 [..]schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 (),extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 (),double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头180°long radius return短半径180°弯头180°short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°45°45°lateral型三通""Ytrue"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头;coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend型弯管""U"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的 []butt welded[BW]螺纹的[]threaded[THD]承插焊的 []socket welded[SW]法兰[]flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰-slip-on flange平焊法兰--slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰 []lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 []weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 ;blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级 ()pressure rating(class)突面 []raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面 ; [];flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 3.piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器 ( )temporary strainer(cone type)型过滤器-YY-type strainer型过滤器-TT-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头;spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头 []hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板 ( 8)8spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料4碳素钢 [..]carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 [..]stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 [..]cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜,copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料-non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片[]gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢-I-beam宽缘工字钢或钢Hwide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢 ;round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表 []bill of material[BOM]材料统计 -[]material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary []sheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界 []boundary limit[BL]区界area limit设备布置 ();equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan 标高,立面[],elevation[EL]支撑点 []point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面 []piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 ;piping assembly; layout详图detail""视图 """X"view "X""-" 剖视 "-""A-A" section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图 [&]piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管;header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热-hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing 夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part n。

氨ammonia氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠sodium acetate蛋白质protein氮族元素nitrogen group element碘化钾potassium iodide碘化钠sodium iodide电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionization equilibrium电子云electron cloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide二氧化锰manganese dioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermic reaction非极性分子non-polar molecule非极性键non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional distillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer共价键covalent bond官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical fog过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide合成材料synthetic material合成纤维synthetic fiber合成橡胶synthetic rubber核电荷数nuclear charge number核素nuclide化学电源chemical power source化学反应速率chemical reaction rate化学键chemical bond化学平衡chemical equilibrium还原剂reducing agent磺化反应sulfonation reaction霍尔槽 Hull Cell极性分子polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反应addition reaction加聚反应addition polymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversible reaction空气污染指数air pollution index勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle离子反应ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron (III) chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molar mass品红magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte氢氟酸hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuel cell弱电解质weak electrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride塑料plastic塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration酸雨acid rain羧酸carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride溴化钠sodium bromide溴水bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯 ester酯化反应 esterification周期period族group（主族：main group）A：吸收度，也作面积CAN：乙腈（acetonitrile）B（%B）：二元流动相中的强溶剂（% v/v）C8，C18：烷基键合相的键长度（八烷基或十八烷基）CD：环糊精（cyclodextrin）CV：变异系数（通常以%表示）；dC：色谱柱内径（cm）dP：颗粒直径(um)DAD：二极管阵列检测器EC：电化学(检测器)F：流速(ml/min)FL：荧光(检测器)GS：梯度斜度参数；k*=20/GSh'：峰高HP：惠普公司(Hewlett-Peckard)HPLC：高效液相色谱ID：内径，dCIEC：离子交换色谱（ion-exchange chromatography）IPC：离子对色谱 (ion-paire chromatography)k：保留因子k*：梯度洗脱中,k的有效值或平均值ka，kZ：色谱图中，首峰（a）和末峰（z）的k值L：色谱柱长度（cm）LC-MS：液相色谱-质谱M：分子量MC：二氯甲烷（methylene chloride）MeOH：甲醇(methanol)MS：质谱MTBE：甲基-叔-丁醚（methyl-t-butyl ether）N：色谱柱塔板数N'：噪音NARP：非水反相HPLCNPC：正相色谱P：色谱柱压力降(通常以psi表示）pKa：酸或供质子碱的酸性常数PAH：多环芳烃(polyaromatic hydrocarbon)RS：分离度RI：折光指数RPC：反相色谱S：信号;tD：延迟或滞留时间(min,用于梯度洗脱中);等于VD/FtG：梯度时间(min)tR：保留时间(min，等于tO(1+k)tRa,tRz：色谱图中首峰（a）与末峰（z）的保留时间，tR（min）tO：色谱柱死时间(min)t1,t2：相邻谱峰1与谱峰2的保留时间(min)TEA：三乙胺(triethylamine)TEA：四氢呋喃(tetrahydrofuran)UV：紫外光谱VD：延迟或滞留体积(mL);为梯度混合器与色谱柱人口之间的体积(包括混合器的体积)Vm：色谱柱死体积(mL;Vm为色谱柱内部的流动相体积,不包括附于固定相上的溶剂Vmax：最大样品体积(mLVa：样品体积(mL)w：重量(mg);也作半峰高处的峰宽(min)wmax：不超载色谱柱的最大进样量(mg）wS：色谱柱的饱和容量(mg）W：峰底宽(min)Wth：大进样量对峰底宽的贡献(min)WO：小进样量的峰底宽(min)W1/2：半峰高处的峰宽(min)a：分离因子,等于k2/k1,其中k2与k1分别为相邻谱峰2和谱峰1的k值△tR：tRz-tR(min)△%B：梯度洗脱期间,%B的变化)不常有符号C：谱峰最大值处的浓度(mol/L)CO：注入样品中溶质的浓度(mol/L)CI：化学电离(MS)DGA：N,N-二甲基-1-萘酰胺;(也作二甲基苯胺dimethylaniline)EI：电子电离(MS)ELS：蒸发光散射击(Evaporative light scattering)EtOAc：乙酸乙酯(ethyl acetate)FAB：快速原子轰击(MS)FD：场解吸附(MS)h：折合板高,等于H/dPHB：羟基苯甲酸(hydrxybenzoic acid)HFBA：七氟丁酸(hyptafluorobutyric acid)IPA：异丙醇(isopropanol)kW：以水作为流动相的k值LCEC：液相色谱电化学检测器LD：激光解吸(MS)LSIMS：液态二级离子质谱MALDI：基质辅助激光解吸电离MP：对羟苯甲酸甲酯[P-]m：流动相中离子对试剂P-的浓度(mmol/L)PAD：脉冲电流分析检测器PBP：极性键合相PD：等离子解吸(MS)PP：对羟苯甲酸丙酯PTH：乙内酰苯硫脲R+,R-：分别为阴离子与阳离子离子交换色谱柱中的荷电功能基团RF：响应因子TBA+：四丁基铵离子tBME：见MTBETMS：三甲基硅烷(trimethylsilyl;也为C1)TNB：1,3,5-三硝基苯(1,3,5-trinitrobenzene)TOF MS：时间飞行质谱TSP：热喷雾(MS)u：流动相通过色谱柱的速度(cm/s);等于L/toV：峰底宽(mL)Vc：色谱柱内峰展宽对V的贡献;也作小样品量峰底宽(mL)VR：保留体积(mL)W：峰宽(min)Wc，WS，：分别为色谱柱，进样器，连续管和流通池对W的贡献（min）Wlc，Wfc：X,X1,：无特征结构的溶质X2,X3XB：流动相中的B溶剂的摩尔分数V：折合速度,等于udp/Dmб：高斯曲线的标准偏差;等于峰底的1/4?：检测器响应时间常数(S)ф：流动相中B溶剂的体积分数;等于0.01%B。

工艺流程? ?连续过程continuous process 间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation 合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification 包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point 沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a) 无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a) 透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump 计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler 萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier 隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safety[SV]安全泄放阀relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe 电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通true"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union 短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU型弯管"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt welded[BW]螺纹的threaded[THD]承插焊的socket welded[SW]法兰flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure rating(class)突面raised face[RF]凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器Y-type strainerT型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower 视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁cast iron[C.I.]铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasket[GSKT]平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of material[BOM]材料统计material take-off[MTO]散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summarysheet[CPMSS]汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界area limit 设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly; layout详图detail"X"视图view "X""A-A" 剖视section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part n。

工艺流程连续过程 continuous process 间歇过程 batch process工艺叙述 process description 工艺特点 process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应 catalytical reaction 萃取 extraction中和 neutralization水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation分解 decomposition离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification包装 package升华 sublimation燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation碳化 carbonization压缩 compression化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent还原剂 reducing agent有机物 organic material真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point 沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率 evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的 water absorbent(a) 无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点 self-ignition temperature可燃气体 combustible gas可燃液体 inflammable liquid易燃液体 volatile liquid爆炸混合物 explosive mixture爆炸性环境 explosive atmosphere(environment) 爆炸极限 explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩 force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线 stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度 ambient temperature工作温度 operating设计温度 design temperature(pressure)相对湿度 RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵 centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵 double action reciprocating pump 计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵 inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump 气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器 flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器 electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器 static mixers管道混合器 line mixers混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer球磨机 ballmill过滤器 filter分离器 separator干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner倾析器 decanter蒸发器 evaporator再沸器 reboiler萃取器 extractor离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器 electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机 rotary compressor往复式压缩机 reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机 nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机 centrifugal compressor多级压缩机 mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器 tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔 extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔 fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件 tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor填料支持板 support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘 top (bottom) tray挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头 elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽 intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank液滴分离器 knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐 floating roof tank内浮顶罐 covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜 wet gas-holder干式气柜 dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜 helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter板框压滤器 plate-and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器 cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器 vacuum drier隧道式干燥器 tunnel drier回转干燥器 rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器 spray drier气流干燥器 pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器 dish feeder螺旋式加料器 screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher回转破碎机 gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机 roll crusher锤式破碎机 hammer crusher冲击破碎机 rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机 jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛 vibrating screen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机 root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机 bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine管道工程 piping engineering1 阀门 valve阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆 inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀 combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀 piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV]安全泄放阀 relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve电磁阀 solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀 diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve减压阀 pressure reducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阀 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel[C.S.]pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢管 stainless steel[S.S.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚 wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号 schedule number[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的 extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong) 弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 short radius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带支座三通 base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer管接头 coupling;full coupling活接头 union短管 nipple预制弯管 fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头 universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW]螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的 socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰 slip-on flange平焊法兰 slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰 weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖 blind flange;blind异径法兰 reducing flange压力级 pressure rating(class)突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面 flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件 piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器 temporary strainer(cone type) Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerT型过滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle喷射器 ejector取样冷却器 sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头 hose connection[HC]快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板 spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢 carbon steel [C.S.]不锈钢 stainless steel[S.S.]铸铁 cast iron[C.I.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度 tensile strength非金属材料 non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod钢带 strap steel网络钢板 checkered plate材料表 bill of material[BOM]材料统计 material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material综合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界 boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置 equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点 point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头 net positive suction head绝对标高 absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study管道布置平面 piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置 piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视 section "A-A"轴测图 isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument diagram[P&ID] 管口表 list of nozzles地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口 sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing热水伴热 hot-water tracing电伴热 electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n。

WORD格式燃烧combustion工艺流程连续过程continuousprocess引烧ignition间歇过程batchprocess蒸馏distillation工艺叙述processdescription碳化carbonization工艺特点processfeature压缩compression操作operation反应reaction化学物质及特性副反应sidereaction固体solid絮凝flocculation液体liquid浮洗flotation气体gas倾析decantation化合物compound催化反应catalyticalreaction混合物mixture萃取extraction粉powder中和neutralization片状粉未flake水解hydrolysis小粒granule过滤filtration结晶crystal干燥drying乳化物emulsion还原reduction氧化物oxidizingagent氧化oxidation还原剂reducingagent氢化hydrogenation有机物organicmaterial分解decomposition真空vacuum离解dissociation母液masterliquor合成synthetics富液richliquor吸收absorption贫液leanliquor吸附adsorption萃出物extract解吸desorption萃余物raffinate结晶crystallization絮凝剂flocculants溶解solution冷冻盐水brine调节modulate酸度acidity控制control浓度concentration悬浮suspension碱度alkalinity循环circulation溶解度solubility再生regeneration凝固点solidificalionpoint再活化reactivation沸点boilingpoint沥取leaching熔点meltingpoint破碎crushing蒸发率evaporationrate煅烧caloination粘度viscosity沉降sedimentation吸水的waterabsorbent(a)沉淀precipitation无水的anhydrous(a)气化gasification外观appearance冷冻refrigeration无色的colorless(a)固化、结晶solidification透明的transparent(a)包装package半透明的translucent升华sublimation密度density比重specificgravity手摇泵hand(wobble)pump催化剂catalyst螺杆泵screw(spiral)pump燃烧combustion潜水泵submersiblepump引燃ignition斜转子泵inclinedrotorpump自然点self-ignitiontemperature封闭式电磁泵hermeticallysealedmagneticdrive 可燃气体combustiblegaspump可燃液体inflammableliquid气升泵air-lift-pump易燃液体volatileliquid轴承bearing爆炸混合物explosivemixture叶轮impeller爆炸性环境explosiveatmosphere(environment)虹吸管siphon爆炸极限explosiveconcentrationlimit高压容器highpressurevessel废水wastewater焚化炉incinerator废液wasteliquid火焰清除器flamearrester废气off-gas工业炉furnace噪声noisepollution烧嘴burner成分composition锅炉boiler挠度deflection回转窑rotarykiln力和力矩forceandmoment加热器heater弯矩bendingmoment电加热器electricheater应力-应变曲线stress-straindiagram冷却器cooler百分比percentage冷凝器condenser环境温度ambienttemperature换热器heatexchanger工作温度operating反应器reactor设计温度designtemperature(pressure)蒸馏釜still相对湿度RH=relativehumidity搅拌器agitator油渣、淤泥sludge混合器mixer杂质impurity静态混合器staticmixers管道混合器linemixers化工设备混合槽mixingtanks泵pump破碎机crusher轴流泵axialflowpump磨碎机grinder真空泵vacuumpump研磨机pulverizer屏蔽泵cannedpump球磨机ballmill柱塞泵plungerpump过滤器filter涡轮泵turbinepump分离器separator涡流泵vortexpump干燥器drier离心泵centrifugalpump翅片fins喷射泵jetpump烟囱stack转子泵rotarypump火炬flare管道泵inlinepump筛子screen双作用往复泵doubleactionreciprocatingpump煅烧窑calciner计量泵meteringpump倾析器decanter深井泵deepwellpump蒸发器evaporator齿轮泵gearpump再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor填料支持板supportplate离心机centrifuger定距管spacer吸附（收）器adsorber降液管downcomer结晶器crystallizer升气管chimney电解槽electrolyzer顶(底)层塔盘top(bottom)tray电除尘器electricprecipitator挡板baffle洗涤器scrubber抽出口drawnozzle消石灰器slaker溢流堰weir料仓bin泡罩bubblecap料斗hopper筛板sieveplate加料器feeder浮阀floatvalve增稠器thickener除沫器demisterpad澄清器clarifier塔裙座skirt分级器classifier椭圆封头ellipticalhead浮洗器flocculator高位槽headtank废液池sump中间槽intermediatetank喷射器ejector加料槽feedtank喷头sprayer补给槽make-uptank成套设备packageunit计量槽measuringtank仪器设备apparatus电解槽cell附属设备accessory溜槽chute旋转式压缩机rotarycompressor收集槽collectingtank往复式压缩机reciprocatingcompressor液滴分离器knockoutdrum水环式压缩机nashcompressor稀释罐thinningtank螺杆式压缩机helicalscrewcompressor缓冲罐surgedrum离心式压缩机centrifugalcompressor回流罐refluxdrum多级压缩机mutiplestagescompressor闪蒸罐flashdrum固定床反应器fixedbedreactor浮顶罐floatingrooftank流化床反应器fluidizedbedreactor内浮顶罐coveredfloatingrooftank 管式反应器tubularreactor球罐spheroid列管式换热器tubularheatexchanger气柜gasholder螺旋板式换热器spiralplateheatexchanger湿式气柜wetgas-holder萃取塔extractioncolumn干式气柜drygas-holder板式塔platecolumn螺旋式气柜helicalgas-holder填料塔packedcolumn星型放料器,旋转阀rotaryvalve洗涤塔scrubber抽滤器mutchefilter吸收塔absorber压滤器filterpress冷却塔coolingtower压滤机pressurefilter精馏塔fractionatingtower板框压滤器plate-and-framfilterpress汽提塔stripper转鼓过滤器rotarydrumfilter再生塔regenerator带式过滤器beltfilter造粒塔prilltower翻盘式过滤器塔附件toweraccessories袋滤器bagfilter液体分配（布）器liquiddistributor旋风分离器cycloneseparator盘式干燥箱compartmenttraydrier闸阀gatevalve真空干燥器vacuumdrier平行双闸板doublediscparallelseat隧道式干燥器tunneldrier楔形单闸板splitwedge回转干燥器rotarydrier截止阀globevalve穿流循环干燥器throughcirculationdrier节流阀throttlevalve喷雾干燥器spraydrier针阀needlevalve气流干燥器pneumaticconveyordrier角阀(角式截止阀)anglevalve圆盘式加料器dishfeederY型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-bodyglobevalve) 螺旋式加料器screwfeeder球阀ballvalve颚式破碎机jawcrusher三通球阀3-wayballvalve回转破碎机gyratorycrusher蝶阀butterflyvalve滚洞破碎机rollcrusher对夹式(薄片型)wafertype锤式破碎机hammercrusher偏心阀板蝶阀offsetdisc(eccentric)butterflyvalve冲击破碎机rotorimpactbreaker斜阀盘蝶阀canteddiscbutterflyvalve气流喷射粉碎机jetpulverizer连杆式蝶阀linkbutterflyvalve棍磨机rodmill止回式蝶阀combinednon-returnbutterflyvalve雷蒙机raymondmill柱塞阀pistontypevalve锤磨机hammermill旋塞阀plugvalve辊磨机rollermill三通旋塞阀three-wayplugvalve振动筛vibratingscreen四通旋塞阀four-wayplugvalve回转筛rotaryscreen旋塞cock风机fan衬套旋塞sleevecock罗茨鼓风机root'sblower隔膜阀diaphragmvalve起重机crane橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubberlineddiaphragmvalve桥式起重机bridgecrane直通式隔膜阀straightwaydiaphragmvalve电动葫芦motorhoist夹紧式胶管阀pinchvalve发电机generator止回阀checkvalve电动机motor升降式止回阀liftcheckvalve汽轮机steamturbine旋启式止回阀swingcheckvalve落球式止回阀ballcheckvalve弹簧球式止回阀springballcheckvalve管道工程pipingengineering底阀footvalve切断式止回阀stopcheckvalve1阀门valve阀杆stem活塞式止回阀pistoncheckvalve内螺纹阀杆insidescrew翻板止回阀flapcheckvalve阀座valveseat(bodyseat)蝶式止回阀butterflycheckvalve阀座环、密封圈sealingring安全泄气阀safety[SV]阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)trim安全泄放阀reliefvalve[RV]阀盘disc安全泄压阀safetyreliefvalve阀体body杠杆重锤式leverandweighttype阀盖bonnet罐底排污阀flush-bottomtankvalve手轮handwheel波纹管密封阀bellowsealedvalve手柄handlevel(handle)电磁阀solenoid(operated)valve压盖gland电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operatedvalve气动阀pneumaticoperatedvalve电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-weldedsteelpipe低温用阀cryogenicservicevalve电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded蒸汽疏水阀steamtrapsteel-platepipe机械式疏水阀mechanicaltrap螺旋焊接钢管spiralweldedsteelpipe浮桶式疏水阀open(top)buckettrap镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe浮球式疏水阀floattrap排污阀blowdownvalve倒吊桶式疏水阀invertedbuckettrap集液排放阀dripvalve自由浮球式疏水阀loosefloattrap排液阀drainvalve恒温式疏水阀thermostatictrap放空阀ventvalve压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balancedpressure卸载阀unloadingvalve排出阀dischargevalvethermostatictrap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamictrap吸入阀suctionvalve脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulsesteamtrap取样阀samplingvalve放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic)airventvalve手动阀handoperated(manually-operated)valve 换向阀diverting(reversing)valve呼吸阀breathervalve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet减压阀pressurereducingvalve抽出液阀(小阀)bleedvalve控制阀controlvalve旁路阀by-passvalve执行机构actuator软管阀hosevalve差压调节阀differentialpressureregulatingvalve混合阀mixingvalve切断阀block(shut-off,stop)valve破真空阀vacuumbreaker调节阀regulatingvalve冲洗阀flushvalve快开阀quickopeningvalve根部阀root(primary,header)valve快闭阀quickclosingvalve隔断阀isolatingvalve水煤气钢管water-gassteelpipe三通阀threewayvalve塑料管plasticpipe夹套阀jacketedvalve玻璃管glasstube非旋转式阀non-rotaryvalve橡胶管rubbertube壁厚wallthickness[WT]2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)壁厚系列号schedulenumber[SCH.NO.]加厚的,加强的extraheavy(strong)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steelpipe双倍加厚的,双倍加强的doubleextraheavy(strong)铸铁管castironpipe弯头elbow衬里管linedpipe异径弯头reducingelbow复合管cladpipe长半径弯头longradiuselbow碳钢管carbonsteel[C.S.]pipe短半径弯头shortradiuselbow合金钢管alloysteelpipe长半径180°弯头longradiusreturn不锈钢管stainlesssteel[S.S.]pipe短半径180°弯头shortradiusreturn奥氏体不锈钢管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe三通tee铁合金钢管ferriticalloysteelpipe异径三通reducingtee轧制钢管wrought-steelpipe等径三通straighttee锻铁管wrought-ironpipe带支座三通basetee无缝钢管seamless[SMLS]steelpipe45°斜三通45°lateral焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe Y型三通true"Y"四通cross消音器silencer异径管reducer膨胀节expansionjoint同心异径管concentricreducer波纹膨胀节bellow偏心异径管eccentricreducer补偿器compensator管接头coupling;fullcoupling软管接头hoseconnection[HC]活接头union快速接头quickcoupling短管nipple金属软管metalhose预制弯管fabricatedpipebend橡胶管rubberhose挠性管flexibletubeU型弯管"U"bend法兰端flangedend特殊法兰specialflange万向接头universaljoint漏斗funnel对焊的buttwelded[BW]8字盲板spectacle(figure8)blind 螺纹的threaded[THD]爆破板rupturedisk承插焊的socketwelded[SW]法兰flange[FLG]4,其它材料整体管法兰integralpipeflange碳素钢carbonsteel[C.S.]钢管法兰steelpipeflange不锈钢stainlesssteel[S.S.]螺纹法兰threadedflange铸铁castiron[C.I.]滑套法兰slip-onflange铝aluminum平焊法兰slip-on-weldingflange铜,紫铜copper承插焊法兰socketweldingflange钛titanium松套法兰lapjointflange[LJF]抗拉强度tensilestrength对焊法兰weldneckflange[WNF]非金属材料non-metallicmaterial法兰盖blindflange;blind塑料plastic异径法兰reducingflange陶瓷ceramic压力级pressurerating(class)搪瓷porcelainenamel突面raisedface[RF]玻璃glass凸面maleface橡胶rubber凹面femaleface垫片gasket[GSKT]全平面;满平面flatface;fullface[FF]平垫片flatgasket填料packing型钢shapedsteel3.管道特殊件pipingspeciality粗滤器strainer角钢anglesteel过滤器filter槽钢channel临时过滤器temporarystrainer(conetype)工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wideflangedbeamY型过滤器Y-typestrainer扁钢flatbarT型过滤器T-typestrainer永久过滤器permanentfilter圆钢roundsteel;rod洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower钢带strapsteel视镜sightglass网络钢板checkeredplate阻火器flamearrester材料表billofmaterial[BOM]喷咀;喷头spraynozzle材料统计materialtake-off[MTO]喷射器ejector散装材料bulkmaterial取样冷却器samplecooler综合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialWORD格式图figuresummary草图sketchsheet[CPMSS]汇总表summarysheet图例legend符号symbol 件号partn5.设备布置及管道设计中心线centerline装置边界boundarylimit[BL]区界arealimit设备布置equipmentarrangement(layout);plotplan标高,立面elevation[EL]支撑点pointofsupport[POS]工厂北向plantnorth方位orientation危险区hazardousareaclassification净正吸入压头netpositivesuctionhead绝对标高absoluteelevation坐标coordinate管道研究pipingstudy管道布置平面pipingarrangementplan[PAP]管道布置pipingassembly;layout详图detail"X"视图view"X""A-A"剖视section"A-A"轴测图isometricdrawing索引图keyplan管道及仪表流程图pipingandinstrumentdiagram[P&ID]管口表listofnozzles地上管道abovegroundpiping地下管道undergroundpiping管线号linenumber总管header;manifold旁路bypass常开normallyopen常闭normallyclosed取样接口samplingconnection伴热管tracingpipe蒸汽伴热steamtracing热水伴热hot-watertracing电伴热electricaltracing夹套管jacketedline全夹套管fulljacketed比例scale。

化工术语中英文对照大全前言化工术语是在化学工程和化学领域中使用的一系列专业术语。

随着全球化的进程，化工行业与国际市场的交流与合作日益频繁。

掌握化工术语的中英文对照是非常重要的，能够方便与国际同行交流、合作与沟通。

本文档整理了一份化工术语的中英文对照大全，方便化工从业人员在国际交流中准确地表达和理解专业术语。

术语列表以下是常用化工术语的中英文对照列表：1.聚合物 - Polymer2.离子 - Ion3.反应器 - Reactor4.温度 - Temperature5.压力 - Pressure6.流体 - Fluid7.溶液 - Solution8.摩尔质量 - Molar mass9.等压过程 - Isothermal process10.等温过程 - Isobaric process11.等容过程 - Isochoric process12.间歇反应 - Batch reaction13.持续反应 - Continuous reaction14.催化剂 - Catalyst15.化学平衡 - Chemical equilibrium16.离子交换 - Ion exchange17.液相萃取 - Liquid-liquid extraction18.气相色谱 - Gas chromatography19.液相色谱 - Liquid chromatography20.气相质谱 - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry21.电泳 - Electrophoresis22.光谱学 - Spectroscopy23.吸收 - Absorption24.反应速率 - Reaction rate25.反应动力学 - Reaction kinetics26.化学工程 - Chemical engineering27.材料科学 - Materials science28.环境工程 - Environmental engineering29.工艺优化 - Process optimization30.安全工程 - Safety engineering使用示例为了更好地理解这些术语的用法，以下是一些使用示例：1.。

Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration 酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Polyethylene 聚乙烯Dienes 二烯Calorimetric 测热的N,N-dimethylformamide n-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）Diketopiperazine 环缩二氨酸ADMET 易位聚合Polycondensation 缩聚反应L-Glutamic 谷氨酸ω-alkeny 烯基esters 酯类acyclic 非环化的diene metathesis polycondensation 二烯易位聚合反应catalysts 催化剂homoallyl 高烯丙烯醇pentenyl 戊烯基hexenyl 己烯crystalline 结晶的macromolecular 大分子biological chiral resources 生物手性资源tandem 串联的glycine 甘氨酸orientation 取向alanine 丙氨酸linear 线型的layer 层状的N-alkylation n-烷基化Utilizing 使用Microcapsules 微表Phenylalanine 苯基丙氨酸Aspartic 天冬氨酸的Unsymmetrical 非对称的Histidine 组氨酸Arginine 精氨酸asymmetric hydrocyanation 非对称的氢氰化implemented 应用的resultant polymers 合成的聚合物diamines 二元胺dibromoxylenes 二溴甲苯substituents 取代基ether 乙醚carboxylic acid 羟基酸monomers 单体undergo 经历stationary phases 固定的阶段polyolefins 聚烯烃moduli 模数elongation 伸长率apparatus 仪器polarimeter 旋光仪spectrometer 分光仪gel permeation chromatography 凝胶渗透色谱分析法eluent 洗脱液calibrated 小准coupled diode laser 耦合的二极管nitrogen 氮modulated 调整accessory 配件sapphire 蓝宝石Al203indium 铟amplitude 振幅Thermogravimetric 热重分析cyclo-(L-Pyroglutaminyl-L-pyroglutaminyl)distilled 蒸馏calcium hydride 钙氢化物sulfuric acid 硫酸refluxed 回流saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and NaCl 饱和碳酸氢钠和食盐水column chromatography eluted 色谱柱洗脱ethanol 乙醇MP熔点Butenyl 丁烯基three-way stopcock 三颈瓶stirring 搅拌ethyl vinyl ether 乙烯基醚filtration 过滤Spectroscopic Data 光谱学数据Intramolecular 分子内的Impurities 杂质元素the metathesis reaction 置换反应elevated 提高的retain 保持acetylene 乙炔olefins 烯烃viscosity 粘度precipitated 沉淀的diethyl 二乙基diallylmalonate 丙二酸二烯丙酯concrete 具体的trifluoroacetic 三氯乙酸(TFA)suspensions 悬浮液transparent 透明的cocrystal 共晶histogram 直方图unimericoverlapped 相互重叠的facilitate 促进nucleophilic 亲核的carbonyls 金属羰基化合物symmetrical 对称的mitosis 有丝分裂The DKP cyclo(His-Pro)Endogenous 内生的Prevalent 流行的Throughout 贯穿thyroidreleasing hormone (TRH) 甲状腺释放的激素appetite suppression 食欲抑制peptidomimetics analogous 模拟肽类似物tetrapeptides 四肽microcapsules 微升毛细管stereochemistry 立体化学racemic 外消旋的enantiomer 对映体tetramers 四聚物reversibly 可逆disposal 清理containment 密封度Synthetically 合成的，综合的Aldehydes 醛类Imines 亚胺Hydrolysis 水解Auxiliaries 附属设备The DKP of pyroglutamic acid (PyDKP,3)Heterocyclic 杂环的Hindered 阻碍Erroneous 错误的Pyroglutamate 焦谷氨酸盐Methacrylate 甲基丙烯酸酯Pendent 未定的Acetic anhydride 乙酸酸酐Pyridine 吡啶Retention 保留Stereocenters 立体异构体Anticipated 预期N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) 二环己基碳二亚胺Transamidation 转酰胺基作用Ethyl 乙烷基谷氨酸Homogeneous 均匀的Elevated 提高的Chloroform 氯仿Ethanolamine 乙醇胺Exclusively 唯一的2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) 三氟乙醇Glycine 甘氨酸Neutralization 中和Pyroglutamyl 焦谷酰胺Isopropylamine 异丙胺Phenylethylamine 苯乙胺Racemization 外消旋作用Diastereomers 构体Enantiomer 非对映体Stoichiometric 化学计量的Imide 酰亚胺Diacetyl 二乙酰Propylamine 丙胺Bicyclic 二环的。

工艺流程连续过程continuous process 间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation 燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent（a) 无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless（a)透明的transparent（a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere（environment）爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature（pressure）相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵screw (spiral）pump 潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air—lift—pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配(布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer 降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶（底）层塔盘top (bottom）tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas—holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate—and-fram filter press 转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level （handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve 节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀（角式截止阀）angle valveY型阀（截止阀）Y-valve（Y-body globe valve）球阀ball valve三通球阀3—way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc （eccentric）butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non—return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three—way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safety［SV］安全泄放阀relief valve［RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid （operated）valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor）operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀) （automatic）air vent valve换向阀diverting （reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀block （shut-off，stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管）tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[C。

工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程 batch process 工艺叙述process description工艺特点process feature操作 operation反应 reaction副反应 side reaction絮凝 flocculation浮洗 flotation倾析 decantation催化反应catalytical reaction 萃取 extraction中和 neutralization 水解 hydrolysis过滤 filtration干燥 drying还原 reduction氧化 oxidation氢化 hydrogenation 分解 decomposition 离解 dissociation合成 synthetics吸收 absorption吸附 adsorption解吸 desorption结晶 crystallization溶解 solution调节 modulate控制 control悬浮 suspension循环 circulation再生 regeneration再活化 reactivation沥取 leaching破碎 crushing煅烧 caloination沉降 sedimentation沉淀 precipitation气化 gasification冷冻 refrigeration固化、结晶 solidification 包装 package升华 sublimation 燃烧 combustion引烧 ignition蒸馏 distillation 碳化 carbonization 压缩 compression化学物质及特性固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas化合物 compound混合物 mixture粉 powder片状粉未 flake小粒 granule结晶 crystal乳化物 emulsion氧化物 oxidizing agent 还原剂 reducing agent 有机物organic material真空 vacuum母液 master liquor富液 rich liquor贫液 lean liquor萃出物 extract萃余物 raffinate絮凝剂 flocculants冷冻盐水 brine酸度 acidity 浓度 concentration碱度 alkalinity溶解度 solubility凝固点 solidificalion point沸点 boiling point熔点 melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度 viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)无水的 anhydrous(a)外观 appearance无色的 colorless(a)透明的 transparent(a)半透明的 translucent密度 density比重 specific gravity 催化剂 catalyst燃烧 combustion引燃 ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水 waste water废液 waste liquid废气 off-gas噪声 noise pollution成分 composition挠度 deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩 bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比 percentage环境温度ambienttemperature工作温度 operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥 sludge杂质 impurity化工设备泵 pump轴流泵 axial flow pump 真空泵 vacuum pump屏蔽泵 canned pump柱塞泵 plunger pump涡轮泵 turbine pump 涡流泵 vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵 jet pump转子泵 rotary pump管道泵 inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵 metering pump深井泵 deep well pump 齿轮泵 gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵 hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵 air-lift-pump轴承 bearing叶轮 impeller虹吸管 siphon高压容器 high pressure vessel焚化炉 incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉 furnace烧嘴 burner锅炉 boiler 回转窑 rotary kiln加热器 heater电加热器electric heater冷却器 cooler冷凝器 condenser换热器 heat exchanger 反应器 reactor蒸馏釜 still搅拌器 agitator混合器 mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器 line mixers 混合槽 mixing tanks破碎机 crusher磨碎机 grinder研磨机 pulverizer 球磨机 ballmill 过滤器 filter分离器 separator 干燥器 drier翅片 fins烟囱 stack火炬 flare筛子 screen煅烧窑 calciner 倾析器 decanter 蒸发器 evaporator 再沸器 reboiler 萃取器 extractor 离心机 centrifuger吸附（收）器 adsorber 结晶器 crystallizer电解槽 electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubber消石灰器 slaker料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器 feeder增稠器 thickener澄清器 clarifier分级器 classifier浮洗器 flocculator废液池 sump喷射器 ejector喷头 sprayer成套设备 package unit 仪器设备 apparatus附属设备 accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机 helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器 fixed bed reactor流化床反应器 fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器 tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器 spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔 plate column填料塔 packed column洗涤塔 scrubber吸收塔 absorber冷却塔 cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔 stripper再生塔 regenerator造粒塔 prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器 liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管 spacer降液管 downcomer升气管 chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray 挡板 baffle抽出口 draw nozzle溢流堰 weir泡罩 bubble cap筛板 sieve plate浮阀 float valve除沫器 demister pad塔裙座 skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽 head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽 feed tank补给槽 make-up tank计量槽 measuring tank电解槽 cell溜槽 chute收集槽 collecting tank 液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐 thinning tank缓冲罐 surge drum回流罐 reflux drum闪蒸罐 flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐 spheroid气柜 gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder 干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀 rotary valve抽滤器 mutche filter压滤器 filter press压滤机 pressure filter 板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器 rotary drum filter带式过滤器 belt filter 翻盘式过滤器袋滤器 bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱 compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器 through circulation drier喷雾干燥器 spray drier 气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机 jaw crusher 回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机 rod mill雷蒙机 raymond mill锤磨机 hammer mill辊磨机 roller mill振动筛vibratingscreen回转筛 rotary screen风机 fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机 crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦 motor hoist发电机 generator电动机 motor汽轮机 steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1 阀门 valve 阀杆 stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等) trim阀盘 disc阀体 body阀盖 bonnet手轮 hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖 gland闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板 split wedge 截止阀 globe valve节流阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve角阀(角式截止阀) angle valveY型阀(截止阀) Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀 ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型) wafer type 偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock隔膜阀 diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve 活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀 flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀 safety[SV] 安全泄放阀relief valve[RV]安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀 electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap 放汽阀(自动放汽阀) (automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀 breather valve 减压阀pressurereducing valve控制阀 control valve执行机构 actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀 block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阀 jacketed valve 非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子 pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel[.]pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel[.]pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless[SMLS] steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance -welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion(arc )-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀 drip valve 排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头 bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀) bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve根部阀 root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube壁厚wall thickness[WT]壁厚系列号schedule number[.]加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的 double extra heavy (strong)弯头 elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头 long radius return短半径180°弯头 shortradius return三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带支座三通 base tee 45°斜三通45°lateral Y型三通 true"Y"四通 cross异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头 union 短管 nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU型弯管 "U"bend法兰端 flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的 butt welded[BW] 螺纹的 threaded[THD]承插焊的socket welded[SW]法兰 flange[FLG]整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threadedflange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange[LJF]对焊法兰weld neck flange[WNF]法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure rating(class) 突面 raised face[RF]凸面 male face凹面 female face全平面;满平面flat face;full face[FF]3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type)Y型过滤器Y-type strainerT型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanentfilter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester 喷咀;喷头 spray nozzle 喷射器 ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint 波纹膨胀节 bellow补偿器 compensator软管接头hose connection[HC]快速接头quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗 funnel8字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板 rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel [.]不锈钢stainless steel[.]铸铁 cast iron[.]铝 aluminum铜,紫铜 copper钛 titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material塑料 plastic陶瓷 ceramic搪瓷 porcelain enamel 玻璃 glass橡胶 rubber垫片 gasket[GSKT]平垫片 flat gasket填料 packing型钢 shaped steel 角钢 angle steel槽钢 channel工字钢 I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam扁钢 flat bar圆钢 round steel; rod 钢带 strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of material[BOM]材料统计material take-off[MTO]散装材料 bulk material 综合管道材料表 consolidated pipingmaterial summarysheet[CPMSS]汇总表 summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线 center line装置边界boundary limit[BL]区界 area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面 elevation[EL]支撑点point of support[POS]工厂北向 plant north 方位 orientation危险区 hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标 coordinate管道研究 piping study 管道布置平面piping arrangement plan[PAP]管道布置piping assembly; layout详图 detail"X"视图 view "X""A-A" 剖视section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图 key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagram[P&ID]管口表 list of nozzles 地上管道 above ground piping地下管道 under ground piping管线号 line number总管 header; manifold 旁路 by pass常开 normally open常闭 normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管 tracing pipe蒸汽伴热 steam tracing 热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管 jacketed line全夹套管 full jacketed 比例 scale图 figure草图 sketch图例 legend符号 symbol件号 part n。

化工术语中英文对照在化工领域中，有许多术语用来描述不同的化学过程、化学物质和实验设备。

这些术语通常使用中文和英文两种语言来表达，因此熟悉化工术语的中英文对照是非常重要的。

本文将介绍一些常见的化工术语，并提供它们的中英文对照。

1. 化学过程术语1.1 氧化（Oxidation）•中文：氧化•英文：Oxidation1.2 还原（Reduction）•中文：还原•英文：Reduction1.3 反应（Reaction）•中文：反应•英文：Reaction1.4 反应速率（Reaction Rate）•中文：反应速率•英文：Reaction Rate1.5 氧化反应（Oxidation Reaction）•中文：氧化反应•英文：Oxidation Reaction1.6 还原反应（Reduction Reaction）•中文：还原反应•英文：Reduction Reaction1.7 酸碱中和反应（Neutralization Reaction）•中文：酸碱中和反应•英文：Neutralization Reaction 2. 化学物质术语2.1 水（Water）•中文：水•英文：Water2.2 盐（Salt）•中文：盐•英文：Salt2.3 酸（Acid）•中文：酸•英文：Acid 2.4 碱（Alkali）•中文：碱•英文：Alkali 2.5 溶液（Solution）•中文：溶液•英文：Solution2.6 离子（Ion）•中文：离子•英文：Ion2.7 分子（Molecule）•中文：分子•英文：Molecule 2.8 化合物（Compound）•中文：化合物•英文：Compound3. 实验设备术语3.1 烧杯（Beaker）•中文：烧杯•英文：Beaker3.2 镊子（Tweezers）•中文：镊子•英文：Tweezers3.3 温度计（Thermometer）•中文：温度计•英文：Thermometer 3.4 试管（Test Tube）•中文：试管•英文：Test Tube3.5 漏斗（Funnel）•中文：漏斗•英文：Funnel3.6 量筒（Graduated Cylinder）•中文：量筒•英文：Graduated Cylinder 3.7 手套（Gloves）•中文：手套•英文：Gloves3.8 磁力搅拌器（Magnetic Stirrer）•中文：磁力搅拌器•英文：Magnetic Stirrer结论掌握化工术语的中英文对照对于理解化工过程、交流和学习非常重要。

化学及化工专业英语词汇翻译引言化学及化工领域是一个重要且复杂的领域，涉及到各种化学概念和专业术语。

掌握化学及化工专业英语词汇翻译对于学习和研究化学及化工领域具有重要意义。

本文将介绍一些常见的化学及化工专业英语词汇，并给出相应的中文翻译。

1. 元素（Elements）•Hydrogen（氢）•Carbon（碳）•Oxygen（氧）•Nitrogen（氮）•Phosphorus（磷）•Sulfur（硫）2. 化合物（Compounds）•Water（水）•Methane（甲烷）•Ethanol（乙醇）•Sodium chloride（氯化钠）•Calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）•Ammonia（氨）3. 反应（Reactions）•Synthesis（合成）•Decomposition（分解）•Oxidation（氧化）•Reduction（还原）•Acid-base reaction（酸碱反应）•Polymerization（聚合）4. 催化剂（Catalysts）•Platinum（铂）•Palladium（钯）•Enzyme（酶）•Zeolite（沸石）•Homogeneous catalyst（均相催化剂）•Heterogeneous catalyst（非均相催化剂）5. 离子（Ions）•Cation（阳离子）•Anion（阴离子）•Sodium ion（钠离子）•Chloride ion（氯离子）•Hydroxide ion（氢氧根离子）•Nitrate ion（硝酸根离子）6. 溶液（Solutions）•Solvent（溶剂）•Solute（溶质）•Concentration（浓度）•Dilution（稀释）•Dissolve（溶解）•Precipitate（沉淀）7. 实验设备（Laboratory Apparatus）•Beaker（烧杯）•Flask（烧瓶）•Test tube（试管）•Burette（分析管）•Pipette（移液管）•Funnel（漏斗）8. 测量单位（Units of Measurement）•Gram（克）•Liter（升）•Celsius（摄氏度）•Kelvin（开尔文）•Mole（摩尔）•Milliliter（毫升）9. 聚合物（Polymers）•Polyethylene（聚乙烯）•Polypropylene（聚丙烯）•Polyvinyl chloride（聚氯乙烯）•Polystyrene（聚苯乙烯）•Polyethylene terephthalate（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）•Polyacrylonitrile（聚丙烯腈）10. 有机化合物（Organic Compounds）•Benzene（苯）•Ethanol（乙醇）•Acetone（丙酮）•Methanol（甲醇）•Formaldehyde（甲醛）•Acetic acid（乙酸）结论在化学及化工领域，掌握英语词汇的翻译对于学习和研究具有重要意义。

工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description 工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation 浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching 破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation 碳化carbonization压缩compression化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound 混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbenta无水的anhydrousa外观appearance无色的colorlessa透明的transparenta半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphereenvironment 爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperaturepressure相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump 齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵handwobble pump螺杆泵screw spiral pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel 焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer 静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher 磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins 烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附收器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator 造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配布器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶底层塔盘top bottom tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder 螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter 翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier 回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root's blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor 汽轮机steam turbine管道工程piping engineering1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat body seat阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯包括密封圈,杆等trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level handle压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀角式截止阀angle valveY型阀截止阀Y-valveY-body globe valve 球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式薄片型wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve 柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safetySV安全泄放阀relief valveRV安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid operated valve电动阀electricallyelectric-motoroperated valve 气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀自动放汽阀automatic air vent valve换向阀diverting reversing valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve 切断阀block shut-off, stop valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe按标准制造的配管用管tube不按标准规格制造的其它用管钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel.pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel.pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamlessSMLS steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe 电熔弧焊钢板卷管electric-fusionarc-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve 排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operatedmanually-operated valve水龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀小阀bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root primary, header valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thicknessWT壁厚系列号schedule number.加厚的,加强的extra heavy strong双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy strong弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通true"Y"四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU型弯管"U"bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt weldedBW螺纹的threadedTHD承插焊的socket weldedSW法兰flangeFLG整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flangeLJF对焊法兰weld neck flangeWNF法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure ratingclass突面raised faceRF凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full faceFF3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainercone type Y型过滤器Y-type strainerT型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower 视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头spray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connectionHC快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel 8字盲板spectacle figure 8 blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel .不锈钢stainless steel.铸铁cast iron.铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasketGSKT平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of materialBOM材料统计material take-offMTO散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheetCPMSS汇总表summary sheet 5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limitBL 区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement layout;plot plan标高,立面elevationEL支撑点point of supportPOS工厂北向plant north方位orientation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement planPAP管道布置piping assembly; layout详图detail"X"视图view "X""A-A" 剖视section "A-A"轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagramP&ID管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electricaltracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol 件号part n。